2018年考研英语(一)真题答案与解析【凯程首发】

2018年考研英语（一）参考答案【凯程首发】

刚刚考完，凯程的电话瞬间变成了热线，学员兴奋地汇报他们的考试情况，提到了英语考试，都是在集训营训练的过的内容。凯程近1-2天发布真题解析视频，凯程艾老师预祝同学们考试顺利。

1.选C，for

a condition for表对象，意思是“是…的条件”

2.选A，faith

faith此处同义替换trust

3.选D,price

carry a high price表示可能会付出很大的代价，线索为wrong place

4．选B，then

承上启下句，“那么，为什么要去信任他人呢？”

5.选D，when

并无转折，是简单的时间状语从句

6.选B，produces

与后面的trigger同意替换，产生愉悦的感觉

7.选C，connect

人之间的关系、联系用connect,

8.选D，to

to表方向，暴露在这种荷尔蒙（作用）下

9.选B,mood

in a mood固定搭配，心情心境

10.选A，counterparts

物主代词＋counterpart固定的搭配，表示相对应的人或物

11.选B，Lucky

从a six sense for dishonesty逻辑知道，11空为褒义词，12空也是褒义词

12.选B，protect

同11，且与主题，信任相关

13.选A,between

differentiate between在两者间区分，用between

14.选C，introduced

从后文tester would ask知道tester是人，实验人员，所以选“介绍”

15.选D,inside

同意替换上文look into the container

16.选A,discovered

同意替换found

17.选C，fooled

语义上来看，既然作出惊喜表情，盒子里面却空无一物，显然是“欺骗，wrong错怪，mock取笑，betray背叛都不合文义。此外下一段t出现了trick,是fool的同意替换18.选B,willing

没有被欺骗，所以“愿意”合作；willing与hesitant是唯一一组正反选项

19选A,in contrast,

作者要证明连小孩子都会用第六感来保护自己，所以最后的这个例子一定是第二组被欺骗的小孩子们的反应，语意上看，应该选in contrast，对比逻辑

20.选C,unreliable

由于欺骗了他们，所以实验人员是”不可信的”，此外unreliable与原文焦点相关。

阅读

21.选D，middle-class workers

简单细节定位题，并无同义替换。第二段But many middle-class occupations-trucking, financial advice,software engineering—have aroused their interest,or soon will.

再次印证了but的重要性。

22.选C，Issues arising from automation need to be tackled

主旨题，文章以发现问题-解决问题的逻辑撰写，主旨在于应对人工智能带来的负面影响，让受影响的人做好充分准备。A，B，D中的groundless,little support和avoid都涉及极端表述，无依据。

23.选A，creative potential

简单定位题，第四段…focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and complex communication

24.选D，preventing the income gap from widening

简单细节定位题，倒数第二段讲税改，首句为主旨句，焦点在贫富差距，尾句重复观点，最后两个字reduce inequality重复主旨。

25.选B，possible solutions to it

主旨题，文章以发现问题-解决问题的逻辑撰写，3，4，5段分别提出了应对人工智能带来的负面影响的解决方案，改革教育，促进创业和税改

26.选D，social media was a reliable source of news.

主旨题，全文的焦点在social media和news；ABC都失焦

27.选A，sharpen

逻辑上来看，本句上班句说随着对于各种媒体越来越不信任，人们需要___阅读（甄别）媒体的技能。从同义替换角度，第三对的becoming more skillful是beef up的同意替换。从单词角度，beef up短语在暑期的词汇课中有讲过(第271组)。注意c选项boast是吹嘘，不是boost提升。

28.选B,verify news by referring to diverse resources

细节定位题，通过a knight foundation定位到第三段，其中distribute trusted分散信任，cross-check sources交叉查证新闻源,different perspectives不同角度都是diverse的同义替换。D项为干扰项，“信息重组”,distributed trust为原文信息，但是like to exchange views on it这一逻辑为编造的信息。A选项为无关选项，第三段的焦点在验真信息。D选项偷换概念，原文是“自己承担教育自己的责任”，选项意思为“责任感强”。

29.选C readers’misinterpretation

细节定位题，从Barna survey定位到第5段第三第四句，“misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news”via social media.原词复现。

30.选择A，A Rise in Critical Skills for Sharing News Online

选题目的题一定注意要涵盖原文主旨，原文除了在第二段和最后一段分别强调了

强调了甄别真假网络消息和何时分享的能力。A焦点倾向最为贴切。B的over-tweeting只

是第一段的一个例子，焦点不在news上。

31.选择B，It failed to pay due attention to patient’s rights.

细节定位题，通过agreement定位到第一段最后一句话，take far too little account of patients’rights and their expectations of privacy，与B选项同意替换32.选C，necessary adjustments

细节定位，第二段首句是两个机构对于判决的反应，考到NHS是mend its ways,改善方法，后面的scrutinize to ensure也是adjustment的同意替换

33.选D，the value of data comes from the processing of it

细节定位，第二段尾句it is processing and aggregation,not the mere possession of bits,that gives the data value.的同意替换

34.选D,the monopoly of big data by tech giants.

细节题，通过worry定位到最后一段，what matters处有转折语感，What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them using public resources.;担忧的是algorithms（算法）／替换data会归属垄断企业。原词复现。

35.选B，cautious

态度题，最后一段总阶段；倒数第二三句话We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later.

A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism.作者表明人工智能革命刚刚开始，一切小决策都不能随意对待，因为可能会对未来产生巨大影响，所以是“小心谨慎的”。C选项强干扰项，作者支持的是信息长官Denham的报告，也就是控制风险的做法，对于人工智能在医疗方面的应用仍然应该是谨慎。

36.选B，its rigid management.

因果细节，定位到手段最后一句话，Fundamentally,…a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality.指出外部环境不断变化下，UPS无法做到灵活管理。deny flexibility与rigid同意替换。

37.选A，the interference from interest groups

因果细节。第二段this is why提示，本题答案在其前一句。各个interest groups集团都在要求自己的利益受到保护。

38.选A，removing its burden of retiree health care

细节定位题，从题干complaint定位到第三段最后一句话，the latter step是解决这个问题的方法，the latter step指的是前一句shifting postal retirees into Medicare美国的老年医疗保险

39.选C，discontent

态度题，通过legislator一词定位到最后两句话句话is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not,however,a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postal system for the21st century.作者表示，立法者担心的是自己出丑，而不是真的想要改革UPS，字里行间流露不满的情绪。上文的the bare,bare minimum necessary，not comprehensive reform也流露出作者的不满，觉得立法者不积极。

40.选D，The Postal Service Needs more than a Band-Aid

选题目，与39题表达的主旨一致，表示改革缺乏力度。本次改革只是因为立法者怕UPS破产波及自己，并没有想彻底改革UPS帮助其现代化，作者对此并不满意，与我们复习时一直强调的作者一般反对政府／立法者的观点相符合。

新题型（排段），阅读已知段落，然后找出首段

41-46：E－C（已知）－G－A－F（已知）－B－D

1.不难发觉E为首段，因为这是EEOB第一次出现，带有全称Eisenhower Executive Office Building；后文提到它的时候要么用its要么用EEOB

2.下一个突破口为G尾句的“demolition of the State Department Building”与A首句中的“a site…for a new State Department Building”拆掉国务部大楼，新建国务部大楼。这两者一定前后关联GA。剩下的BD间的顺序，先完成，才能参加活动，所以应该是BD。

3.AF与已知段F联系紧密，A尾句construction…began in1871,F首句construction

took17years；已知段F与B联系紧密，F首句construction took17years;B首句completed in1875，因此A－F－B，确定了GA，BD的先后

翻译

46.By the date of his birth Europe was witnessing the passing of the religious

drama,and the creation of new forms under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy.

考点：宾语从句，并列，介词短语做后置定语：

参考译文：到他出生时，欧洲宗教戏剧正在消失，在古典悲剧和戏剧的推动／启发下，许多其他戏剧形式被创造了出来／应运而生。

47.no boy who went to a grammar school could be ignorant that the drama was a form of literature which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.

考点：正话反说／双否＝肯定，宾从，定从，并列

参考译文：任何上文法学校的学生／男孩儿都知道戏剧是一种文学形式，不仅带给了古希腊古罗马荣耀，也可能为英格兰带来荣誉。

48.But the professional companies prospered in their permanent theaters,and university men with literary ambitions were quick to turn to these theaters as offering a means of livelihood.

考点：介词短语做后置定语，动词＋A＋as+B

参考译文：但是专业公司的永久戏院兴旺了起来，而大学里有文学抱负的人很快就把目光转向这些剧院，把它们看作是一种谋生的手段。

49.A native literary drama had been created,its alliance with the public playhouses established,and at least some of its great traditions had been begun.

考点：词义选择；省略，指代

参考译文：一种本土的文学戏剧形式诞生了／被创造了出来，并与公共戏院结成联盟，而且这种本土戏剧形式至少有一些优良传统开始出现／登上历史舞台。

50.To realize how great was the dramatic activity,we must remember further that hosts of plays have been lost,and that probably there is no author of note whose entire work has survived.

考点：宾语从句；并列；there be句型；定语从句

参考译文：为了理解戏剧活动有多么伟大，我们还必须铭记，大量的剧作已经遗失，而且很有可能没有哪位著名的剧作家所有作品都流传了下来／得到了保留／所有知名剧作家的戏剧作品都或多或少有所遗失。

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