新概念第三册第三课

Lesson 3 An unknown goddess无名女神

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

How did the archaeologists know that the statue was a goddess?

Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.

Houses----often three storeys high----were built of stone. They had large

rooms with beautifully decorated walls. The city was even equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the

narrow streets.

The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B. C. until Roman times. In the most sacred room of the temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of

these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B. C. Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B. C. This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on

her hips. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.

New words and expressions生词和短语

goddess(title) /'g & dis/ n ．女神

sacred(1. 10)/'seikrid/ adj．宗教的，神圣的

archaeologist(1. 1) / ?a:ki'& ld{ ist/ n ．考古学家

fragment(1. 10) /'fr $gm+nt/n ．碎片

Aegean(1. 2) /i:'d { i:+n/ adj ．爱琴海的

remains(1. 12)/ri'menz/ n ．遗物，遗迹，废墟

explore(1. 2) /ik'spl & :/ v ．考察，勘探

classical(1. 13)/'kl $sik+l/ adj ．（希腊和罗马）古文化的

promontory(1. 3) /'pr & m+nt+ri/ n ．海角

prosperous(1. 4) /'pr & sp+r+s/ adj ．（经济上）繁荣

reconstruct(1. 14) / ?r(ikn'strkt/ v ．修复的，昌盛的

rest(1. 16)/rest/ v ．倚放，放置

civilization(1. 5) / ?siv+l-ai'zei M+ n/ n ．文明

hip(1. 16) /hip/ n ．屁股，臀部

storey(1. 5) /'st & :ri/ n．楼层

full-length(1. 16) / ?ful'leRI/adj ．（裙衣）拖地长的

drainage(1. 7)/'dreinid { / n ．排水

graceful(1. 17) /'greisf +l/ adj ．优雅的

worship(1. 9) /'w * :M ip/n．祟拜

identity(1. 17) /ai'dentiti/n．身份

Notes on the text课文注释

1the Aegean island of Kea, 爱琴海的基亚岛。爱琴海是东地中海的一部分，位于希腊半岛和小亚细亚之间。它包括希腊半岛以外的许多岛屿。基亚岛位于希

腊半岛东南方的海域里。

2 Ayia Irini, 阿伊亚·依里尼，意为“圣依里尼”， Irini 是希腊文，意为“和平”

3The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high

level of civilization.这座古城肯定一度很繁荣，因为它曾享有高度的文明。must have been 是对过去的推测。at one time,一度。

4 Roman times, 罗马时代。指古罗马（约公元前200- 公元400 ）时期，那时罗马人在欧洲建立了帝国。

5date from, 追溯到。

6Classical times, 指古希腊，古罗马时代。

7the goddess turned out to be , , 那位女神原来是 ,, 。

参考译文

不久之前，在爱琴海的基亚岛上，考古工作者有一项有趣的发现。一个美国考古队在阿伊亚· 依里尼海角的一座古城里考察了一座庙宇。这座古城肯定一度很繁荣，因为它曾享有高度的文明，房子一般有3 层楼高，用石块修建。里面房间很大，墙壁装饰华丽。城里甚至还敷设了排水系统，因为在狭窄的街道底下发现了许许多多陶土制作的排水管道。

考古工作者考察的这座庙字从公元前15 世纪直至罗马时代一直是祭祀祈祷

的场所。在庙中最神圣的一间殿堂里发现了15 尊陶制雕像的碎片。每一尊雕像

代表一位女神，而且一度上过色。其中有一尊雕像，她的躯体是在公元前15 世纪的历史文物中发现的，而她那身首异处的脑袋却碰巧是在公元前 5 世纪的文物

中找到的。她的脑袋一定是在古希腊罗马时代就为人所发现，并受到了精心的保护。即使在当时，它也属历史悠久的珍奇之物。考古工作者把这些碎片重新拼装

起来后，惊奇地发现那位女神原来是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。她身高 3 英尺，双手叉腰，身穿一条拖地长裙，尽管上了年纪，但体态确实优美。不过，考古工

作者至今未能确定这位女神的身份。

Summary writing摘要写作

In not more than 80 words describe what archaeologists discovered in

an ancient temple on the island of Kea. Do not include anything that is not in

the last paragraph.

Answer these questions in note form to get your points:

1Where did the archaeologists find clay fragments?

2What did they represent?

3Had they once been painted or not?

4Where was the body of one statue found?

5Where was its head found?

6Were the fragments reconstructed or not?

7How tall did the goddess turn out to be?

8Where did her hands rest?

9What was she wearing?

10Is her identity known or not?

Vocabulary 词汇

Give another word or phrase to replace the following words as they

are used in the passage: explored(1. 2); ancient(1. 3); prosperous(1. 4) ; storeys(1. 5); beneath(1. 7); fragments(1. 10); remains(1. 12).

Composition作文

Write an imaginary account of how the archaeologists explored the

sacred room of the ancient temple. Expand the following into a paragraph of about 150 words.

After walking round the ancient city, the archaeologists , This temple , On entering the sacred room, the archaeologists , After this, workmen began digging and soon discovered , They also found , The archaeologists

carefully , They were astonished to find that , The goddess was , She, Although the archaeologists , they were unable to find out her name. (52 words)

Letter writing书信写作

Write six phrases which could be used to end letters to friends.

Key structures关键句型

What happened? 一般过去时（ IKS 75 ）（参见第 2 册第 75 课关键句型）

Exercise 练习

Suppose that each of the following verbs were used to describe

what happened yesterday. What would be their correct form?

Yesterday I , leave, lay, lie, choose, raise, rise, beat, bite, catch, hear, sing, think, show, run, lose, begin, fall, feel.

Special difficulties难点

Words often misused and confused

A Happen. Study these examples:

Its missing head Happened to be among remains of the fifth century B. C. (By chance) (11. 12-13)

I happened to find the ticket in my pocket. (By chance. )

It happened that I found the ticket in my pocket. (By chance. )

I couldn't find out what had happened. (What had taken place. )

B Storey and Story. Study these examples:

Houses-often three storeys high-were built of stone. (11. 5-6)

C Worship and Warship. Study these examples:

The temple ,was used as a place of worship(11. 9-10)

The Arethusa used to be a warship

Exercises练习

A Complete the following making a sentence out of each:

1 She happened ______ .

2 It happened ______ .

3 Tell me what ______ .

4 If you happen ______ .

B Use the words storey, story, worship, and warship in sentences of your own.

Multiple choice questions多项选择题

Choose the correct answers to the following questions.

Comprehension 理解

1The interesting discovery made by the archaeologists was ______ .

a．that the city had once been prosperous

b． that the temple had been used as a place of worship

c． they found the fifteen statues had been painted

d． that they were not the first to have found the head of the goddess

2 The city ‘ enjoyed a high level of civilization ’. This is confirmed by the fact that ______ .

a． some of the houses were built only one storey high

b． a great number of fragments were found in the temple

c． the city had been built on clay

d． advanced techniques had been employed in building and decorating

3In seeking to establish the identity of the reconstructed statue,

the archaeologists ______ .

a． tried to determine which goddess it represented

b． pieced together the fragments they found

c． discovered that it was more modern than any of the other statues

d． wondered whether it belonged to the fifth or the fifteenth century

Structure 结构

4The city had once known ______ . (11. 4-5)

a．a prosperity

b．the prosperous

c．the prosperity

d．prosperity

5The temple ______ used as a place of worship since Roman times. (11. 9-10)

a． was

b． has not been

c． had been

d． was not

6 They found ______ that the goddess turned out to be, (11. 14-15) a． surprisingly

b． with surprise

c． to their surprise

d． a surprise

7 ______ being very old,she was very graceful. (11. 16-17)

a． Although

b． In spite of

c． Even

d． Even though

8So far, the archaeologists ______ to discover her identity. (1. 17) a． have been impossible

b． have not been able

c． cannot have been

d． could not

Vocabulary 词汇

9 In the most ______ room of the temple ,(1. 10)

a．holy

b．religious

c．frightening

d．colourful

10The head was carefully preserved. It was ______ . (1. 13)

a．well done

b．conserved

c．maintained

d．in good condition

11The goddess ______ to be a very modern-looking woman. (1. 15) a．appeared

b．proved

c．resolved

d．changed

12 But, ______ the archaeologists have been unable,(1. 17) a． beforehand

b． until now

c． for a long time

d．at this distance

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③We must take action (= do something) to deal with the problem before it spreads to other areas. 在这一问题蔓延到其他地区之前我们一定要采取行动将其解决。 ④So what's the plan of action (= What are we going to do)? 那麼行動計劃是甚麼？ ④Action Cultivates Habit;Habit Shapes character andCharacter Decides Destiny.行动培养习惯，习惯塑造性格，性格决定命运。 3. action 发生的事情（尤指）令人激动的事，大事，可以理解为 ACTIVITY活动不可数名词[U] things which are happening, especially exciting or important things ①I like films with a lot of action.我喜欢情节刺激的影片。 ②In her last novel, the action (= the main events) moves between Greece and southern Spain. 在她最近发表的那部小说里，故事情节在希腊和西班牙南部交替展开。 4. 行为，作为，所做之事，可数名词[C] something that you do ①She has to accept the consequences of her actions. 她必须对自己行为的后果负责。

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3. B。我们能够从There’re twenty boys and twenty-two girls in her class.了解到，他们有42 个学生。 4. A。从Diana and another girl are on duty.能够了解到，有两个学生在打扫教室。 5. A。由Miss Gao is coming. She teaches them English.能够证实，她是他们的英语老师。 英汉翻译 1. My husband doesn’t like spring and summer. 2. Where do you come from? Are you Australian? 3. What’s the weather like in your hometown? 4. Which season do you like best? 5. The climate is warm, but it isn’t always pleasant. 6. The days are long and the nights are short. 7. We come from Poland. 8. Do you come from France?

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她说我拨错了号。 She sounds rather cross. 听声音，她非常生气。 Sue：Say that you're sorry. 苏：说声对不起嘛。 Sandy：I'm sorry. 桑迪：对不起。 Sue：Try again and be careful! 苏：再试试，这次小心点。 Sandy：All right. 桑迪：好的。 Sandy：May I speak to Mrs Clark please? 桑迪：叫克拉克女士接电话好吗？ Voice：It's you again,is it? 声音：又是你，是吗？ (crossly)You're dialled the wrong number again! (发怒地)又拨错号了。 Sandy：Sorry. 桑迪：对不起。 Sue：Which number did you dial,Sandy? 苏：你拨的是哪一个号码，桑迪？

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conscious ['kns] adj．感觉到的，意识到的 【派生词】consciousness意识，觉悟 【单词搭配】be conscious of．意识到…… 【单词例句】 He is badly hurt but still conscious. 他伤得很熏，但神钾还清醒。 invariably [n'verbl] adv总是，经常地 routine [ru'tin]常规，惯例，常规的 【单词扩充】tradition惯例 【单词搭配】daily routine曰常工作 【单词例句】 The security men changed their usual routine and collected the money at a different time. 保安人员改变了他们的通常做法，在不同的时间取款。 shrewd [rud]adj．精明的 eccentricity [,eksen'trst] 怪癖 legendary ['led()nd()r] adj.传奇般的 【单词例句】 A： He is a household legendary figure. A：他是个家喻户晓的传奇性人物。 B： Yes. most of my friends know his story.

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它位于两座小山之间。 它靠近一条小河。 这是我们村庄的另一张照片。我和妻子沿河岸走着。 我们在河的左侧。 河里面有个男孩。 他正横渡小河。 这是另一张照片。 这是学校大楼。 它位于公园的旁边。 公园在右面。 一些孩子正从楼里出来。 他们中有几个正走进公园。【生词】 photograph n. 照片 village n. 村庄 valley n. 山谷 between prep. 在……之间hill n. 小山 another det. 另一个 wife n. 妻子

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