新世纪大学英语综合教程第六册1-5单元课后习题答案

Unit 1

WORD

1)Only when we have weighed all the factors involved can we decide when would be the best time to take action.

2)The management invited the employees to voluntarily submit proposals for projects to improve work performance.

3)The new students were told that they must register with university before they could claim their grants.

4)The club,which claimed to have found a suspicious package that might contain bombs,was still sealed off following a security alert earlier this morning.

5)A crowd of people gathered round, outraged by the way the police officers were hitting the two men.

6)Extensive conversations with native speakers form an integral part of the English language course in our university.

7)In this chapter the author illustrate his marketing theory with lots of first-hand materials from his business career.

8)After each group finish their presentation,the rest of the class should critique their performance and vote for the best speaker.

EXPRESSION

1)You don't need to dress up just to go to the pub--jeans and a T-shirt will do.

2)Could you type up the questions and answers from the press conference, please ?They are due to be carried in tomorrow's newspaper.

3)As the training progressed to the advanced level ,most of the students drifted away, while Melanie and several others stayed to the end.

4)A group of teenagers put on a musical play about wildlife protection, which attracted a large audience every time they appeared on the stage.

5)Economic recovery is already under way and business is becoming brisk again.

6)After lying in hospital for two weeks, Jenny was afraid that she had fallen behind with her school work.

CLOZE

Online teaching, a relatively recent instructional medium ,is becoming more and more popular. At the same time, however, it has brought a lot of challenges to teachers who are used to giving traditional lectures. First of all, there is the challenge of delivering the subject matter via computer in the same enthusiastic, humorous and easy-to-understand way as in a regular classroom. Secondly, the teacher needs to do hours of typing and illustrating to make the subject matter clear for online students. Thirdly, for online education, interaction--with the teacher and with other students--is a more integral element of learning than it is in the classroom. Therefore, it is critical for the students to feel the teacher is always there ready to answer questions, willing to help develop a sense of community built around the subject matter .Finally, some students need the discipline of the classroom to stay involve or else they will fall behind and drift away in an online class as the online class provide too much flexibility . How to keep those students is probably the greatest challenge to an online

class teacher.

TRANSLATION

When I first came into contact with online teaching, I had questions about the val idity of this instructional medium. I would not know whether the student submitting th e work was the same person who registered for the course.

Online teaching also required rethinking how I deliver the subject matter. Withou t face-to-face communication, can I, via computer, make the students feel the same ki nd of enthusiasm and appreciate my sense of humor?

My shy daughter’s experience proved to be very inspiring. She never spoke in cl ass, but in the two online courses she took, she dived into discussions and posted her o pinions.

The online course began and things ran better than I had expected. The students a ll followed the directions well, and the discussion board was lively. I’ve never met an y of my students but I got to know them by their work and I saw their learning attitude s develop before my eyes.

I found that online education worked best with students who were very comforta ble with the computer and willing to become part of a community built around the sub ject matter. And it required teachers to be willing to help build that sense of communit y and make the students feel the teacher was always there.

UNIT 2

WORD

1)He was merely a boy; I wouldn't have expected him to understand those abstract formulas.

2)Though leading a frugal life, Charles is very generous ,contributing time and money to a number of charitable organizations.

3)He wasn't the sort of person who kept things for sentimental reasons ;he threw them away immediately after use.

4)The fire had destroyed most the building ,but we managed to salvage a few valuable items.

5)He was looking through a pile of old newspaper clippings for the report on the 100th anniversary of the university.

6)Reclining in a comfortable chair, David idly flipped through a sports magazine.

7)How can you expect an 'A' for this course when you turn in an essay as sloppy as this?

8)The project needs to be meticulously planned as we have a tight deadline and only

a limited budget.

EXPRESSION

1)Due to the cleaners strike ,the rubbish in my house had been left unattended for days and it began to pile up against the wall.

2)I was thinking of giving away those baby clothes of my daughter's, but for sentimental reasons I couldn't bring myself to part with them.

3)First apply shampoo to your hair and leave the shampoo for two minutes, then rinse it off with warm water.

4)After months of preparation, Kate and her parter finally set up their own printing business.

5)I put forward a number of suggestions to improve working efficiency, but the management just toyed with ideas for a while and then rejected them.

6)When questioned about the high oil price at present, nearly all interviewees claimed they had been forced to cut down fuel and many reported inconvenience in their lives.

7)Have you finished with scissor? We're waiting to have our paper-cutting done.

8)Buried in mounds of files, I just wanted to get the whole thing over with sooner so that I could go away and enjoy my holiday with all my heart.

9)The global financial crisis is cutting a swath through the country's economy, with companies going bankrupt and individuals cutting down on their expenditure.

10)Paul is an easy-going fellow at heart though sometimes he is very harsh and strict with his students.

CLOZE

The distinction between neat people and sloppy people boils down to this: neat people are lazier and meaner than sloppy people.

For one thing, neat people are bums and clods at heart .They like results and do not care about process .Instead of carrying in their mind's eye a heavenly vision, they

just handle everything once and for all and everything that is of no immediate use goes into the trash can. They are incredibly wasteful and put neatness before all else, even economics. By contrast, sloppy people take pains to develop ambitions plans. They may not be neat now but someday they will straighten out the world.

Besides, neat people have cavalier attitudes toward everything, including such possessions as family heirlooms. And they are especially vicious with mail. They throw ads catalogs, and coupons into the trash can without opening them. They are so insensitive that people, animals, and things are all one to them. They would toy with the idea of throwing the children out of the house just to cut down on the clutter. On the other hand, sloppy people give loving attention to their possessions and find it impossible to part with anything.

TRANSLATION

Sloppy people are not really sloppy. It is just that the plan they carry in their min d’s eye is too precise, too stupendous and too perfect to be achieved in this world or th e next. They aim too high and wide. They save everything, planning someday to file a nd order. When they finally set about handling things, sloppy people just can’t bear to part with anything. After hours of work, the place looks exactly the same. So sloppy never get neat.

Neat people place neatness above everything else. They like results and don’t car e about process. They have cavalier attitudes toward possessions. If anything collects dust, it’s got to go. They are incredibly wasteful. Anything that is not of immediate us e goes into the trash. They are insensitive and there is no sentimental salvaging of birt hday cards or the last letter a dying relative ever wrote. Neat people operate on two un varying principles: Never handle any item twice, and throw everything away. So the o nly thing messy in a neat person’s house is the trash can.

So neat people are lazier and meaner than sloppy people. The distinction betwee n them is moral.

UNIT 3

WORD

1)Every year George gives his wife Gigi a huge bunch of red roses on her birthday.

2)I tried to give up smoking several times before I realized I was addicted to it.

3)Young people who abuse drugs regularly often end up as very immature adults because they never learn to cope with their problems.

4)After long separation we finally had a family reunion where I saw relatives I hadn't seen for 20 years.

5)He catches cold easily because his body's immune system is suppressed by the virus.

6)His words have sown the seeds of suspicion in our minds and we are going to

re-examine the evidence he has given in court.

7)Miss Walker's father had gone bankrupt owing to a failed business venture with his dishonest partners.

8)The invention of modern appliances such as washing machines and plug-in conveniences has liberated women from household chores and enabled them to enter the workforce.

9)The Smiths adopted a poor little girl who had been starved of affection since her parents died in an accident.

10)According to official statistics , there are 58 deaths per 1000 children born in that remote area of the country.

EXPRESSION

1)A reputation for quality, coupled with very competitive prices, has made these cars very popular.

2)Many officials have been wondering aloud about the Prime Minister's competence in handling the current financial crisis.

3)You can lose five pounds a week on this diet.And best of all, you never have to feel hungry.

4)The doctor advised those with heart problems to put a first-aid kit close at hand the time.

5)Several times it had crossed his mind to check on the car, but he never actually did it.

6)I'm not going to sit by and watch a man go to prison for something I've done. CLOZE

Tobacco smoking has been a popular practice for centuries. The tobacco industry, coupled with Hollywood movie in which both hero and heroine puff away, has successfully established a glamorous image of smokers. As a result, people take up smoking with the illusion of looking either dapper or fashionable and most of them end up hopelessly addicted to cigarettes. In some Third World countries, as in American ghettos and on reservations, money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies. Indeed, smoking is nothing but self-poisoning, and watching their loved ones dying of smoking, family members are often overwhelmed with a feeling of futility.

Meanwhile, we must feel empathy for the tobacco plant itself. Though for centuries the plant has been venerated by Native Americans as a sacred medicine to heal wounds and cure diseases, it has been captured and abused to enslave the world. And with its true nature suppressed, the tobacco plant has become deadly. Indeed, we should redeem tobacco's soul, restore its self-respect right away and promote the slogan: "Every home a smoke-free zone."

TRANSLATION

Her daughter smoked and she felt a deep hurt as her mother. She remembered ho w as a child she sat by, through the years, and watched her father, who smoked like a chimney, wheeze through most of his life feeling half his strength, and she remembere d how carefully she ate when she was pregnant, how patiently she taught her daughter how to cross a street safely. She had a feeling of futility when she saw her daughter r epeating the mistake of her grandfather.

She did not want to see in the family another victory for the tobacco companies, but she was faced with powerful rivals: the tobacco industry and Hollywood. The two collaborated to win over completely people like her father and made them hopelessly addicted to cigarettes.

It is not easy to quit smoking, but things may become easier of smokers realize th at smoking is s form of self-battering that also batters those who must sit by, and if we can really make “every home a smoke-free zone.”

UNIT 4

WORD

1)Smart and hardworking, Germen seemed destined for a successful career ahead.

2)At 31,Peggy feels trap in the boring job of an office secretary and she has a yearning to escape.

3)Yesterday a storm blasted the Florida coast with 75 m.p.h.winds and left two tourists missing.

4)The couple hardly ever reach an agreement---their conversations often erupt into quarrels and shouting.

5)The ballet company's new performance successfully blended tradition and creative innovation, which won great admiration from critics.

6)Repeated exam failures had eroded her confidence and exerted an influence on

her---she started to skip classes more often.

7)Ever since our secretary resigned, our office has been in a state of total chaos.

8)Parents are usually inclined to impose their own moral values on their children, which might bring on rebellion from teenagers.

9)Some fathers are jealous of the attention a newborn baby receives from its mother, even if they won't admit it.

10)I have this strong yearning for open spaces from having lived in a crowed city for too many years.

EXPRESSION

1)The result of the survey is quite alarming---half the marriages in this country end in divorce.

2)Being addicted to betting on horses, he had gambled away most of his inheritance by the time he was thirty.

3)We cooked too much for lunch and had to take what was left over for supper.

4)Many companies are now suffering from a chronic shortage of funds brought on in recent years by the financial crisis.

5)She didn't quarrel with her husband when she found out about his infidelity, but her annoyance showed itself in her look.

6)Inflation nibbles away at people's savings and reduces their value considerably.

7)To show my affection for the little girl, I bent down and tried to kiss her on the forehead, but she pulled away in time, which made me rather embarrassed.

8)As the advancing soldiers closed in on the town, people started running into the underground shelters for safety.

CLOZE

The causes for marital despair are varied. Some marriages fail because of the outside weather: pressures such as job loss, illness, care of aging parents and all the other plagues of life may harshly hit marriage. Some other marriages fail because of a changed inner climate. At the tender beginnings of romance, each of us selects with unconscious accuracy a mate who will recreate with us the emotional patterns of our first homes, a mate who will help us rediscover both the psychological happiness and miseries of our past lives. And all marriages rely on the basic myth of meaning everything to each other, of merging together and solving all of life's problems. Yet, realities of life erode the visions of marital bliss. Now many marriages fall apart because those in the commitment are unwilling to exercise the self-discipline that marriage requires. Besides,an essentia l element for a good marriage, i.e., communication between partners, is often missing.

TRANSLATION

Marriage has always been difficult. Why has it become so hard for couples to sta y together in today’s society?

On the one hand, our modern social fabric is thin, and the permissiveness of soci ety has created unrealistic expectations and thrown the family into chaos. On the other hand, marriage requires sexual, financial and emotional discipline, but people today a re unwilling to exercise the self-discipline that marriage requires. Besides, couples tod ay must also deal with all the cultural changes brought on in recent years by the wome n’s movement and sexual revolution. These and other realities of life erode the visions of marital bliss. If we lack adaptability, flexibility, genuine love and kindness, and an imagination strong enough to feel what the other is feeling, if we cannot bring difficu lties out into the open, then marriage may come to the end of the road.

Of course, divorce id not an evil act. For some people, it provides salvation and it can be a step toward a good life. However, marriages that do not fail but improve, tha t persist despite imperfections, offer a wondrous shelter for our mutual humanity. UNIT 5

WORD

1)The police are constantly searching for new ways of steering young people away from criminal activities.

2)The audience were thrown into a panic after a bomb exploded in the theatre.

3)He explained later that he had refrained from commenting on his opponents'

anti-constitutional claims in order to avoid open confrontation at the meeting.

4)Corporate executives should not be given the right to intrude into employees' private lives by monitoring their phone calls.

5)To protect intellectual property rights, the governments is making a great effort to unify the KTV system in karaoke bars.

6)As the factory is faced with the danger of being shut down, many workers are suffering from an inner sense of desperation.

7)It is totally nonsense to assert that smoking can help prevent bird flu or swine flu.

8)The bus was already full up but the old lady managed to squeeze in.

9)Using too many pieces of electrical equipment at once may overload the circuit and cause power cut or fire.

10)Despite all the treatment he has had over the past few months, Ashby is still suffering from skin rashes and recurring respiratory problems.

EXPRESSION

1)As I was shopping one day, a girl mistook me for the well-known actor Jackie Chan and asked for my autograph.

2)The box has been left unattended in the cellar for years, and it came apart as we tried to lift it up.

3)The government promised to the public that they shall keep close watch on the latest developments in relation to the disease.

4)I can put up with your room being cluttered with paintings and prints, but I hate it if it's not clean.

5)To prepare food for the elderly, make sure to cut out the fat and bone before you cook the meat.

6)The pain of losing his only daughter still sweeps over him in waves though it has been two years since the traffic accident occurred.

7)The people who got hurt in the collision were rushed to the only hospital in the vicinity of the scene of the accident.

8)Detectives were searching the scene of the crime closely, being careful enough not to leave any details out.

9)For some days he had been mulling ove r the new plan, trying to come up with something more constructive.

10)According to the latest survey, only 5% of American adults engage in regular annual physical check-ups, which health scientists consider quite worrying.

11)All of your achievements for the week should be gathered up in a ten-minute talk with the manager every Friday.

12)Of the 88 locomotives on this railroad line,35 are out of commission, either awaiting repairs or being replaced.

CLOZE

When your mind is out of commission, desperation writing can help you write something usable. The first thing is to admit your condition: for some reason, your mind is incapable of considering anything in relation to anything else though it can put a simple feeling or perception into understandable words. Then try to write as much as possible. Don't refrain from writing about whatever that is on your mind. When you feel you have enough of it,read over what you wrote and every time you come to anything that could be squeezed into one sentence or one assertion, write it by itself on a little slip of paper. After you have done this, play solitaire with those

little slips, shifting them around and looking through in various sequences and getting them to distribute themselves in different piles. Often at this point, your sanity begins to return. And then you can finally come up with something workable. TRANSLATION

Do you have this lingering doubt that you won’t be able to write something when you need to? Do you feel it’s like a constant fog or static that clouds the mind and yo u can never get out of its clutches?

As a matter of fact, it is possible to write something ---- not something great or pleasing but at least something usable, workable ---- when your mind is out of commission.

The trick is to do all your cooking out on the table because your mind is incapable of doing any inside.

Try simply to steer your mind in the direction or general vicinity of the thing you are trying to write about and start writing and keep writing. Be as loose, drifting, quirky and jerky as possible when you write. Don’t think about what you are writing or what you have written or else you will overload the circuit again.

Then take some little pieces of paper and simply read over from the beginning of what you wrote, and see if you can gather up something useful into one sentence and write it by itself on a little sheet of paper. Then, read through the little slips of paper a number of times and build a relationship among them until they get into different piles. At this point, you find you can finally begin to think, and that lab report which has been occupying your mind is no longer unreachable.

大学英语第一册课后习题答案

新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 1 III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7.virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunities IV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.with V. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.C Sentence Structure VI. 1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor. 2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down. 3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family. 4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting and impolite. 5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry. VII. 1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours. 2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learned to communicate with friends in English. 3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. 4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but they also want reduced working hours. 5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also too far away from my company. Translation VIII. 1. Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply. 2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless. 3. Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. 4. Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need. 5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her. 6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. IX. 1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师，是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。如果没有他，我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。

大学物理实验课后习题答案

一牛顿环的各环是否等宽?密度是否均匀?解释原因? 因为环是由空气劈上下表面反射的两束光叠加干涉形成的。劈的上表面变化在横向是不均匀的，故光程差也不是均匀变化的。所以各环是不等宽的环的密度也不是均匀的。各环不等宽，半径小的环宽，越到外边越窄，密度是不均匀的,牛顿环的半径公式是：半径r等于根号下(m+1/2)λR，其中m为环的级数。从公式可以看出，半径和环数并不是线性关系，这样环自然不均匀。计算可以知道，越往外环越密。 二牛顿环的干涉圆环是由哪两束相干光干涉产生的? 半凸透镜下表面和下底面上表面的两束反射光 三电桥由哪几部分组成?电桥平衡的条件? 由电源、开关、检流计桥臂电阻组成。 平衡条件是Rx=(R1/R2)R3 四接通电源后,检流计指针始终向一边偏转,试分析出现这种情况的原因? 指针向一侧偏转就说明发生了电子的定向移动了，这个应该没问题。 指针不偏转，有2种情况吧，其1呢是整个电路发生了断路或其他故障，还1种情况则是流过的电流太小，不足于使电表发生偏转或其偏转的角度肉眼根本看不到。 无论如何调节，检流计指针都不动，电路中可能出现故障是调节臂电阻断路或短路。。无论如何调节，检流计指针始终像一边偏而无法平衡，电路中有可能出现故障是有一个臂（非调节臂）的电阻坏了。（断路或短路） 五什么叫铁磁材料的磁滞现象? 铁磁物质经外磁场磁化到饱和以后，把磁场去掉。这些物质仍保留有剩余磁化强度。需要反方向加磁场才能把这剩余磁化强度变为零。这种现象称为铁磁的磁滞现象。也是说，铁磁材料的磁状态，不仅要看它现在所处的磁场条件；而且还要看它过去的状态。 六如何判断铁磁材料属于软.硬材料? 软磁材料的特点是：磁导率大，矫顽力小，磁滞损耗小，磁滞回线呈长条状；硬磁材料的特点是：剩磁大，矫顽力也大 用光栅方程进行测量的条件是什么? 条件是一束平行光垂直射入光栅平面上，光波发生衍射，即可用光栅方程进行计算。如何实现：使用分光计，光线通过平行光管射入，当狭缝位于透镜的焦平面上时，就能使射在狭缝上的光经过透镜后成为平行光 用光栅方程进行测量,当狭缝太窄或者太宽会怎么样?为什么? 缝太窄，入射光的光强太弱，缝太宽，根据光的空间相干性可以知道，条纹的明暗对比度会下降！ 区别是，太窄了，亮纹会越来越暗，暗纹不变，直到一片黑暗！ 太宽，暗条纹会逐渐加强，明纹不变，直到一片光明！

光学教程答案(第五章)

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