2018届奉贤区高考高三英语一模试卷和答案

2017 学年奉贤区调研测试

英语试卷

I.Listening Comprehension

Section A

1. A. interviewer and interviewee. B. teacher and student.

C. doctor and nurse.

D. boss and secretary.

2. A. 9:00. B. 9:10. C. 9:30. D. 9:35.

3. A. pass the journal. B. listen to the woman.

C. repeat his request.

D. take the journal himself.

4. A. exciting. B. disappointing.

C. interesting.

D. satisfactory.

5. A. to make a budget for her. B. to buy a gift for Mary.

C. to give her mother information about Mary.

D. to give some suggestions.

6. A. he wants to finish his study. B. he wants to earn a lot of money.

C. he wants to finish his study.

D. he wants to have a good rest.

7. A. The woman should not get involved in the situation.

B.The woman should not be angry with the friends.

C.he will explain to the woman what happened.

D.he will talk to Sally and Mark soon.

8. A. good weather tomorrow. B. the vacation plan.

C. getting up early in the morning.

D. possible heavy traffic.

9. A. interested. B. fascinated. C. hostile. D. reluctant.

10. A. intelligence determines admission to college.

B.highly motivated students usually do well in college.

C.successful college students are usually intelligent.

D.a successful college motivates its students.

Section B

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.

11. A. two terms. B. three terms. C. four terms. D. five terms.

12. A. because he had been a policeman.

B.because he earned a law degree in a night school.

C.because they had formed a good opinion of him.

D.because there was a large population of black people in Los Angeles.

13. A. they want people in Los Angeles voted.

B.an introduction about Thomas Bradley, major of Los Angeles.

C.the reasons why white candidates failed in the vote.

D.something Thomas Bradley did for the vote.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. he has more than fourteen pills a day. B. he has two pills a day.

C. he has four times a day.

D. he has nine pills a day.

K. applied

J. mask I. absolutely H. partnership G. unloved E. comparison D. extreme C. eventually B. movements A. impressive

F. reverse 15. A. all of them.

B. three kinds of medicine.

C. two kinds of medicine.

D. almost none. 16. A. children over twelve years old.

B. older people with a fever.

C. old people with heart attack.

D. adults with a cold.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17. A. she has made an attempt to become pregnant.

B. she has requested her supervisor to transfer her to another department.

C. she has bought the new equipment for the laboratory.

D. she has complained to the government about the issue.

18. A. because the new equipment is not available now.

B. because the patient has made too many complains.

C. because the hospital wants to tighten its budget.

D. because the new equipment carries a health risk.

19. A. a technician in the hospital lab. B. a doctor working in the hospital.

C. a teacher working in the school.

D. head of hospital administration.

20. A. she will be likely to quit her job. B. she still feels at a loss as what to do.

C. she will complain to the administration.

D. she will fight to get her income back.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Different background shouldn’t mean less education. Fifty years ago, in a primary school classroom, two boys aged 11 took an examination called the 11-plus, (21) would make decisions about the rest of their lives. Paul passed and went to a “grammar school”. Baz failed the examination and went to a “secondary modern school”. They did not see each other again for years.

Many grammar schools (22) (establish) hundreds of years ago to teach the Latin language to children who were not from rich families. They encouraged students to study (23) they were 18 and then to go to university. Secondary modern school students left at 16, usually with fewer qualifications than grammar school students. Baz says the secondary modern school had (24) (few) resources and the quality of teaching was not as good.

Things have changed. In the 1960s and the 1970s “comprehensive schools” were created. Today, 90 percent children aged 11 to 16 from the same area to the same school without (25) (take) any entry examination.

The British often disagrees about the best way (26) (educate) their children. Many people say that comprehensive schools help more children to succeed because they provide everybody (27) similar opportunities in a fairer way. Another view, though, is that more intelligent children, especially (28) from poor homes are better supported at grammar schools. Now, the government plans to open new grammar schools (29) almost two million children will go to the same type of school that Paul attended.

And Paul and Baz? Aged 60, they met again and compared (30) had happened to them. After university, Paul qualified as a teacher. Baz went to work in a factory at 16 and later became an engineer. In fact, Baz had a much higher salary than Paul – so perhaps life is fair after all.

Section B

There’s nothing more annoying than settling down to sleep and hearing the sound of a mosquito buzzing around you.

The only thought most of us ever give to this noise is “I need to get rid of this insect, immediately”, but it turns out that the mosquito is actually quite a(n) 31 creature.

A term of scientists from Oxford University in the UK, in 32 with the Royal Veterinary College in London and Chiba University in Japan, recently published a study that found some interesting facts about the world’s most 33 insect.

By placing eight cameras inside a tiny film studio, the scientists could study several mosquitoes up close. The high-tech cameras filmed the insects at 1,000 frames per second, meaning the scientists were able to study the insects’ 34 in never-before-seen detail. However, it wasn’t always straightforward.

“Recording mosquitoes during free-flight represented a huge technical challenge due to their small size, 35 wing beat frequency, and the presence of large antennae and legs that can 36 the view of their wings,” Simon Walker of Oxford University, co-author of the study, wrote.

Published in the journal Nature, the study found that mosquitoes flap their wings around 800 times a second. As a 37 , house flies flap their wings about 200 times a second, and hummingbirds 50 times a second.

Richard Bomphrey of the Royal Veterinary College, the study’s le ader, believes that mosquitoes have a unique flying method that sets them apart from other flying insects.

“We predicted that they must make use of clever tricks, as the wings 38 their direction at the end of each half-stroke,” he wrote in the study.

Hopefully, the discovery of the mosquito’s special abilities will be of benefit to engineers in the future. The findings could lead to better aircraft, or even improvement to tools like lenses or pumps.

But the scientists hope their study can one day be 39 to new developments in more human-focused use.

“The more we know about mosquitoes, the better our chance of understanding their flight behavior, how they carry disease and 40 how to stop them from doing so,” Walker wrote.

III.Reading Comprehension

Section A

Artists have long claimed alcohol and other drugs as inspiration for their creativity. But is there really a(n) 41 between intoxication（醉酒）and inspiration? A recent study published in Consciousness and Cognition explored the effects of moderate drunkenness on people’s creativity. The authors suggest that alcohol’s well-known effect in 42 executive function may be helpful for these types of creation problems: “Sometimes a reduced ability to 43 one’s attention can have posit ive implications for select cognitive tasks,” they write.

The findings raise the question of whether drugs that 44 attention and focus, in particular, stimulants （兴奋剂）, would have the opposite effect on creative thinking 45 , very little research has been done on the issue, and what results exist so far have been mixed. The outcomes may well vary according to individual 46 to the drugs. 47 , some research has found that while stimulants can

48 test performance for those who are less intelligent, for the smartest folks, the drugs can have the opposite effect.

If less executive function is linked to more creativity, this may also explain why artists, writers and musicians appear to be more 49 to have an addiction. Perhaps creative people are more likely than others to be 50 to drugs in the first place, as a possible source of inspiration. And then, if reduced executive function is 51 in part for their initial talent, this, too, could make them more easily influenced by 52 once they start using. Having less executive control before you even take drugs means you’ll have less ability to stop once you start.

Whatever the real relationship between drunkenness, addiction and art, the authors 53 that their study findings don’t give people 54 to get drunk to “inspire the muse（冥想）.” Co-author Jennifer Wiley, associate professor of psychology at the University of Illinois at Chicago, told the British Psychological Societ y’s Research Digest: “We tested what happens when people are slightly drunk-not when people drank to 55 . There could be no argument from these findings that drinking excessively would have the same effects.”

A glass of wine or two, however, may occasionally help.

41. A. attraction B. reservation C. connection D. decoration

42. A. strengthening B. damaging C. maintaining D. assessing

43. A. block B. reduce C. disturb D. control

44. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase

45. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore

46. A. additions B. responses C. oppositions D. contrasts

47. A. For example B. On the contrary C. As a result D. On the other hand

48. A. conceal B. executive C. improve D. delete

49. A. vital B. likely C. ideal D. difficult

50. A. attracted B. contributed C. responded D. withdrawn

51. A. responsible B. illegal C. natural D. impossible

52. A. confusion B. ambition C. addiction D. exhaustion

53. A. lower B. monitor C. function D. caution

54. A. sacrifice B. privacy C. appreciation D. license

55. A. priorities B. extremes C. bottom D. Affection

Section B

(A)

I was standing in the checkout line behind a woman who looked to be in her 60s. When it was her turn to pay, the cashier greeted her by name and asked her how she was doing.

The woman looked down, shook her head and said: “Not so good. My husband just lost his job and my son is up to his old tricks again. The truth is, I don’t know how I’m going to get through the holidays.”

Then she gave the cashier food stamps（食品券）.

My heart ached. I wanted to help but didn’t know how. Should I offer to pay for her groceries, ask for her husband’s resume?

As I walked into the parking lot, I spotted the women returning her shopping cart. I remembered something in my purse that I thought could help her. It wasn’t a handful of cash or an offer of a job for her husband, but maybe it would make her life better.

My heart pounded as I approached the woman.

“Excuse me,” I said, my voice trembling a bit. “I couldn’t help overhearing what you said to the cashier. It sounds like you’re going through a really hard time right now. I’m so sorry. I’d like to give you somet hing.”

I handed her the small card from my purse.

When the woman read the card’s only two words, she began to cry. And through her tears, she said, “You have no idea how much this means to me.”

I was a little startled by her reply. Having never anything li ke this before, I didn’t know what kind of reaction I might receive. All I could think to say was, “Oh. Would it be OK to give you a hug?”

After we embraced, I walked back to my car -- and began to cry, too.

The words on the card?

“You Matter.”

A few weeks earlier, a colleague gave me a similar card as encouragement for a project I was working on. When I read the card, I felt a warm glow spread inside of me. Deeply touched, I came home and ordered my own box of You Matter card and started sharing them.

56.Which of the following is TRUE according to the first three paragraphs?

A.The woman’s family mainly depends on her son.

B.The cashier helped the woman by giving her some food for free.

C.The woman and her family were having a tough lime.

D.The author wondered why the cashier was familiar with the woman.

57.The woman cried when she got the card, probably because .

A. it greatly encouraged her

B. she could use it to buy food

C. it could solve her present problem

D. it could land her husband a job

58.The underlined word “startled” in Paragraph 10 probably means .

A. interested

B. grateful

C. ashamed

D. astonished

59.From the article, we can tell that the author is a person.

A. smart

B. kind-hearted

C. knowledgeable

D. confident

VISIT

(B)

Seek Out a Unique Beach

Oregon. For sun and fun away from the crowed beaches of Florida, check out the Oregon coast and its 363 miles of gorgeous shoreline, stretching from the Columbia River south to the redwood forests of California. Every beach is public and free. “The coast is a perfect place to watch sea lions sun themselves or simply see the mighty Pacific weaves crash in the sunset followed by a seafood feast in one of the busy fishing communities located between the coves（小海湾）,” says Bramblett. July and August aren’t peak gray whale migration season, but there’s still a good chance you could catch a glimpse of some of the 200 whales that spend the summers off the Oregon coast.

SLEEP

Next to a lighthouse. Imagine yourself an ancient mariner when you book a room overlooking the Pacific Ocean at the Heceta Head Lighthouse Bed and Breakfast in Yachats, Oregon. The working lighthouse, which dated to 1894, cast a bright beam 21 miles out to sea, making it the brightest light on the Oregon coast. The cliff-top rooms at the Light Keeper’s home nearby aren’t cheap-you’ll sell out up to $ 385 for a weekend night during peak season (price includes a seven-course breakfast).

BEWARE

Dangerous currents Unless you love cold water (or wear a wet suit), you may not wait to venture into the sea off the Oregon coast, even during the summer. But if you do, be prepared for the U.S. Lifesaving Association. Swim parallel to the beach until you’re no longer being pulled out to sea, then swim diagonally（成对角线地）toward the shore.

BRING

Baby powder. Use a generous amount of baby powder to remove sand rom your hands, feet or hair. The powder quickly absorbs moisture, allowing sand to fall off easily.

60.It can be inferred rom the section SLEEP that .

A.the price of one night stay remains the same all the year around

B.those who stay there can have a free access to the beach and the lighthouse

C.those who want to stay there have to pay more during a tourist season

D.the price includes the breakfast for seven people

61.What is suggested by the leaflet if you want to enjoy your stay at the beach?

A.Avoid wearing wet suits.

B.Never dive into the cold water off the coast.

C.Bring baby powder to protect your skin from sand scratches.

D.Don’t swim straight toward the shore when there’re dangerous currents.

62.Oregon coast will provide you with all the following experiences EXCEPT .

A.a perfect view of sea lions

B.a mariner like stay in the more than 100-year-old lighthouse

C.a seafood feast in the popular local community

D.sun and fun of the less crowed beach.

(C)

With the coming of big data age, data science is supposed to be starved for, of which the adaption can point a profound change in corporate competitiveness. Companies, both born in the digital era and traditional world are showing off their skills in data science. Therefore, it seems to have been creating a great demand for the experts of this type.

Mr. Carlos Guestrin, machine learning professor from University of Washington argues that all software applications will need inbuilt intelligence within five years, making data scientists-people trained to analyze large bodies of information-key workers in this emerging “cognitive” technology economy. There are already critical applications that depend on machine learning, a subfield of data science, led by recommendation programs, fraud detection systems, forecasting tools and applications for predicting customer behavior.

Many companies that are born digital-particularly internet companies that have a great number of real-time customer interactions to handle-are all-in when it comes to data science. Pinterest, for instance, maintains more than 100 machine learning models that could be applied to different classes of problems, and it constantly fields requests from managers eager to use this resource to deal with their business problem.

The factors weighing on many traditional companies will be the high cost of mounting a serious machine-learning operation. Netflix is estimated to spend $ 150m a year on a single application and the total bill is probably four times that once all its uses of the technology are taken into account.

Another problem for many non-technology companies is talent. Of the computer science experts who use Kaggle, only about 1,000 have deep learning skills, compared to 100,000 who can apply other machine learning techniques, says Mr. Goldbloom. He adds that even some big companies of this type are often reluctant to expand their pay scales to hire the top talent in this field.

The biggest barrier to adapting to the coming era of “smart” applic ations, however, is likely to be cultural. Some companies, such as General Electric, have been building their own Silicon Valley presence to attract and develop the digital skills they will need.

Despite the obstacles, some may master this difficult transition. But companies that were built, from the beginning, with data science at their center, are likely to represent serious competition.

63.Which one is obstacle for many traditional companies to popularize learning operation?

A. Technological problem.

B. Expert crisis.

C. High cost.

D. Customer interactions.

64.What can not be inferred from the passage about the machine learning?

A.Machine learning operations are costly in Netflix.

B.Machine learning plays an important role in existent applications.

C.Machine learning experts are not highly paid in some non-technology companies.

D.Machine learning models are not sufficient to solve business problems in Pinterest.

65.What’s the author’s main purpose in writing this article?

A.To point out the problems facing machine learning experts.

B.To call on companies to cultivate more experts in data science.

C.To tell the readers the present situation of data science.

D.To advice non-technology companies to look beyond the advantages they face.

66.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A.Data science: A forefront force in tech business

B.Corporate competition: An obstacle to the transition

C.Machine learning: A key to smart technology

D.Technique experts: A decisive factor of the coming era.

Section C

A.Therefor, it would be advisable to remain thoughtful of how you conduct yourself and deal with

others around you.

B.State out right that you ant to get along.

C.In other words, do not allow yourself to take out your negative emotions on others around you.

D.Getting along with someone, regardless of their passions, isn’t about being their best friend or

sharing all their hobbies.

E.You can only change how you interact with people, you can not change them.

F.So it is better to listen to what the conversation is about before speaking.

There are a lot of different people in the world, but despite our differences we all want to get along. Humans are social beings, and we enjoy being treated nicely. 67 It is about treating people with respect and care.

Be a good listener. To start a conversation, it is important to listen first, especially when you are in a group. Don’t indulge（放纵）yourself in instant chant when you have just arrived. Examine the situation and the conversation, and then say whatever you think fit. It is better to say something valuable, rather than something meaningless. 68 Don’t try to change people. It is not your job to change anyone else. It is not in your power to change anyone else. Let other people live how they want to live. 69 If you do not like how someone acts, you can arrange things so that you interact with them as little as possible. You can always maintain a good attitude towards them so that your relationship with them might be change.

Keep a smile. A little laughter goes a long way, and a smile eases tensions, where a frown can create tensions. If someone teases you, try to laugh at it off. If someone is frowning, smile at them. Be mindful of your facial expression. If you are persistently and optimistic, people will cheer up when they are see you coming.

70 Some people do not take hints. Some people do not read body language. For these people, it really works to just say, “I really want us to wor k well together. I will help you and back you up, and you help me and back me up.”

IV.Summary Writing

A Father’s Influence Makes for Better Grades

Adolescents from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers to underachieve and to drop out of school. Studies have shown that a positive attitude towards school work and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the

economic barriers and lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how adolescents experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behaviors that are most affected by it.

This new study is part of a larger one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Data were analyzed from questionnaires completed by 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their schoolwork, and how they experienced their fathers. The questionnaires were completed primarily by respondents of Mexican American, African American and European American descent. Their maths and language arts grades were also obtained.

Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism, self-efficacy, and, ultimately, higher achievement at school.

These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, while in different ways. Experiencing their father’s warmth first influences daughters’ sense of optimism, and then spills over into their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better math grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers’ involvement and teenage boys’ belief in their ability to succeed on the academic front. This heightened self-confidence increased their success in English language arts classes.

Suizzo suggests that counselors and educators should encourage fathers to communicate warmth and acceptance to their children, because of the positive influence these emotions have on their well-being.

V.Tranalation

72.这个城市近几年来发生了翻天覆地的变化。(take place)

73.毫无疑问，一旦被那可怕的疾病传染，随后肯定会死亡。(once)

74.整个球队只有互相配合，才能取得成功，这是那次以足球赛上申花队赢球的原因之一。(only)

75.对志愿者来说，重要的不是能为别人做多少，而是能从中获得宝贵的经验和帮助他们的快感。(not…but…)

VI.Guided Writing

请简要描述图片内容，并联系生活实际谈谈你的感想。

参考词汇：宝马(BMW)；奔驰(Benz)

2017 学年奉贤区调研测试

英语试卷

参考答案

1-5 DDCBC 6-10 AABDB 11-13 BCB 14-16 ADC 17-20 DCBD

21. which 22. were established 23. until 24. fewer 25. taking 26. to educate

27. with 28. those 29. so that 30. what

31-40 AHGBD JEFKC

41-55 CBADA BACBA ACDDB

56-59 CADB 60-62 CDB 63-66 CDCA 67-70 DFEB

Summary:

Evidence shows that mothers can help children overcome difficulties, but a recently study finds that fathers also have positive influence. They can help children feel more optimistic and self-confident, which boosts the math score of teenage girls and the language abilities of boys. Therefore , fathers should be encouraged to convey care and recognition to their children.

Translation:

72.Great changes have taken place in the city in the past several years.

73.Without doubt, once you are infected with the terrible disease, you are sure to die slowly after.

74.Only by cooperating with each other can the whole team succeed and that is one of the reasons why Shanghai Shenhua football won the math that time.

75.What matters to volunteers is not how much they can do for others but that they can gain valuable experience and joy of helping other people.

届奉贤区高三英语一模试卷

Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A

To Be Joyful, To Be Young What really works to make sustainable changes in diet and lifestyle? It’s probably not what you think. In the past 30 years of conducting clinical research, I (21) (learn) that real keys are pleasure, joy and freedom. Joy of living is sustainable; fear of dying is not. Why? Because life is to be enjoyed. There’s no point (22) (abandon) something you enjoy unless you get something back that’s even better, and quickly. When people eat more healthfully, (23) (quit) smoking, and manage stress better, they find they feel so much better, so quickly. It reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living. When you exercise and eat right, your brain receives more blood flow and oxygen, so you become smarter, have more energy, and need less sleep. Two studies showed just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many neurons(神经细胞) (24) (grow) that it actually increased the size of people’s brains! Your face receives more blood flow, so your skin glows more and wrinkles less. You look younger and more attractive. In contrast, an unhealthy diet, lasting emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face (25) you age more quickly. Smoking speeds up aging because nicotine contributes to your blood vessel becoming narrower, (26) decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle prematurely. This is why smokers look years older than they really are. One of the most interesting findings was that the mothers’awareness of stress was more important than (27) was objectively occurring in their lives. (28) (give) a questionnaire, the women were asked to rate on a three-point scale how stressed they felt each day. The women who realized they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres(染色体端粒) compared with (29) who felt more relaxed. Contrarily, some of the women who felt relaxed (30) raising a disabled child had more normal-appearing telomeres. In other words, if you feel stressed, you are stressed. Section B Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.

高三模拟考试英语试题答案及解析

高三模拟考试英语试题答案及解析 2013.03 第一部分听力 1—5 CBACA 6—10 ABCBB 11—15 AACBA 16—20 BCCAC 第二部分英语知识运用 第一节语法和词汇知识 21. A 在过去三十年中，农业发生了显著的进步。两者均无特指的含义。第一空：不定冠词a， 第二空：零冠词。 22. B 为了应对物价（上涨）问题，“我父亲”想退休后（beyond超过退休年龄）继续工作。 23. D when是关系副词，引导非限定性定语从句。明天是公休日，孩子应该（趁此机会） 接近自然。 24. C 短语辨析题。预算较低的《泰囧》是不完美的，但总的来说（all in all）还是可看的。 其余各项逻辑意义均不符合。 25. C 我们很少在周五开会，除非有重要事情讨论。unless引导条件状语从句。 26. B 时态考查题。他没来的原因是“正在准备考试”。 27. D 考查非谓语动词。making作状语，相当于which makes….。 28. A 名词辨析题。concern意为“关注的事情”。 29. C 时态考查题。didn’t think意为“本来没有料到”。 30. B 考查形容词辨义。大家都对工程师辞职的原因感到“好奇”。 31. B 表语从句，由句意可得，“我对假期的作用最看重的就是怎样来放松自己”。 32. A 动词短语辨析。come across意为“（偶然）遇到，碰到”。 33. D 代词考查题。rules为复数，故用those代替。

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