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2019年高考英语知识点总结总复习 细节理解题

2019年高考英语知识点总结总复习  细节理解题
2019年高考英语知识点总结总复习  细节理解题

专题一细节理解题

Passage 1[2017 甲卷(全国Ⅱ),A]

体裁话题词数难度建议时间

应用文戏剧表演信息290 ★4分钟

In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare’s plays in their own language, in our Globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. Please come and join us.

National Theatre of China Beijing | Chinese

This great occasion(盛会)will be the National Theatre of China’s first visit to the UK.The company’s productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare’s RichardⅢwill be directed by the National’s Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.

Date & Time: Saturday 28 April, 2.30pm & Sunday 29 April, 1.30pm & 6.30pm

Marjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi | Georgian

One of the most famous theatres in Georgia,the Marjanishvili,founded in 1928, appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed(指导) by the company’s Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.

Date & Time: Friday 18 May, 2.30pm & Saturday 19 May, 7.30pm

Deafinitely Theatre London | British Sign Language(BSL)

By translating the rich and humorous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.

Date & Time: Tuesday 22 May, 2.30pm & Wednesday 23 May,7.30pm

Habima National Theatre Tel Aviv | Hebrew

The Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide. Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. Since 1958, they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.

Date & Time: Monday 28 May, 7.30pm & Tuesday 29 May, 7.30pm

21.Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?

A. RichardⅢ.

B. Love’s Labour’s Lost.

C. As You Like It.

D. The Merchant of Venice.

22.What is special about Deafinitely Theatre?

A. It has two groups of actors.

B. It is the leading theatre in London.

C. It performs plays in BSL.

D. It is good at producing comedies.

23.When can you see a play in Hebrew?

A. On Saturday 28 April.

B. On Sunday 29 April.

C. On Tuesday 22 May.

D. On Tuesday 29 May.

Passage 2[2017 江苏,A]

体裁话题词数难度建议时间

应用文历史方面的书190 ★4分钟

—The Unbelievable Years that Defined History

CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time, from the foundation

such as Thomas

Edison and Alexander the Great, this book also gives an account of the lives of lesser-known

56.What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text?

A. A biography.

B. A travel guide.

C. A history book.

D. A science fiction.

57.How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?

A. By giving details of its collection.

B. By introducing some of its contents.

C. By telling stories at the beginning.

D. By comparing it with other books.

Passage 3[2016乙卷(全国Ⅰ),A]

体裁话题词数难度建议时间

说明文四位著名女性278 ★★★5分钟

You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?

Jane Addams(1860—1935)

Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rachel Carson(1907—1964)

If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.

Sandra Day O’Connor(1930—present)

When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.

Rosa Parks(1913—2005)

On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. "The only tired I was, was tired of giving in," said Parks.

21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?

A. Her social work.

B. Her teaching skills.

C. Her efforts to win a prize.

D. Her community background.

22.What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?

A. Her lack of proper training in law.

B. Her little work experience in court.

C. The discrimination against women.

D. The poor financial conditions.

23.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?

A. Jane Addams.

B. Rachel Carson.

C. Sandra Day O’Connor.

D. Rosa Parks.

24.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?

A. They are highly educated.

B. They are truly creative.

C. They are pioneers.

D. They are peace-lovers.

Passage 4[2016北京,A]

体裁话题词数难度建议时间

应用文感谢学习培训中心306 ★★★7分钟

December 15,2014 Dear Alfred,

I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.

Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150+ at 17, I’m anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.

However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses.

While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn’t. So, I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center.

Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I’m learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your videos. This has given me a purpose.

Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public, I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the job — Data Analyst —this month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors.

Thank you. You’ve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because I’m doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole.

This is why you’re saving my life.

Yours,

Tanis

56.Why didn’t Tanis go to college after high school?

A.She had learned enough about computer science.

B.She had more difficulty keeping focused.

C.She preferred taking online courses.

D.She was too slow to learn.

57.As for the working environment, Tanis prefers .

A.working by herself

B.dealing with the public

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1413445465.html,peting against others

D.staying with ADHD students

58.Tanis wrote this letter in order to .

A.explain why she was interested in the computer

B.share the ideas she had for her profession

C.show how grateful she was to the center

D.describe the courses she had taken so far

Passage 5[2016江苏,B]

体裁话题词数难度建议时间

说明文合作是人类的本能374 ★★★7分钟

Chimps (黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to help one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children, who are able from a young age to gather their own food.

In the laboratory, chimps don’t naturally share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor in the next cage, he will pull at random — he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.

Human children, on the other hand, are naturally cooperative. From the earliest ages, they desire to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of experiments with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an unrelated adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.

There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally possessed in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children to behave socially. Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence develops in children before their general cognitive (认知的) skills, at least when compared with chimps. In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.

The core of what children’s minds have and chimps’don’t is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality. Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking. But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a "we", a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.

58.What can we learn from the experiment with chimps?

A.Chimps seldom care about others’interests.

B.Chimps tend to provide food for their children.

C.Chimps like to take in their neighbors’food.

D.Chimps naturally share food with each other.

59.Michael Tomasello’s tests on young children indicate that they .

A.have the instinct to help others

B.know how to offer help to adults

C.know the world better than chimps

D.trust adults with their hands full

60.The passage is mainly about .

A.the helping behaviors of young children

B.ways to train children’s shared intentionality

C.cooperation as a distinctive human nature

D.the development of intelligence in children

Passage 6[2015新课标全国Ⅱ,D]

体裁话题词数难度建议时间

应用文风景名胜一日游252 ★★★6分钟

Choose Your One-Day Tours!

Tour A — Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge —£37 until 26 March and £39 thereafter.

Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum. Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.

Tour B — Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary’s Church Tower and Anne Hathaway’s house —£32 until 12 March and £36 thereafter.

Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England’s oldest university city and colleges. Look over the "city of dreaming spires (尖顶)" from St Mary’s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.

Tour C — Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace —£34 until 11 March and £37 thereafter.

Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry Ⅷ’s favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle (entrance fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!

Tour D — Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great —£33 until 18 March and £37 thereafter.

Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.

33.Which tour will you choose if you want to see England’s oldest university city?

A.Tour A.

B.Tour B.

C.Tour C.

D.Tour D.

34.Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?

A.Windsor Castle & Hampton Court.

B.Oxford & Stratford.

C.Bath & Stonehenge.

D.Cambridge.

35.Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?

A.It used to be the home of royal families.

B.It used to be a well-known maze.

C.It is the oldest palace in Britain.

D.It is a world-famous castle.

答案

Passage 1

本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍的是全球的艺术家将聚集到一起用他们自己的语言表演莎士比亚的戏剧。

21.A考查细节理解。根据题干中的"the National Theatre of China"可将答案定位于National Theatre of China部分中的"Shakespeare’s RichardⅢ",故选A项。

22.C考查细节理解。根据Deafinitely Theatre部分中的"By translating the rich and humorous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy"可知,Deafinitely Theatre的特别之处就是使用BSL表演戏剧,创造出了一种对莎士比亚喜剧的新的演绎。故选C项。

23.D考查细节理解。根据题干中的"Hebrew"可将该题答案定位在最后一部分中。根据最后一部分中的"Date & Time: Monday 28 May, 7.30pm & Tuesday 29 May, 7.30 pm"可知,该题应选D项。

Passage 2

本文是一则应用文,介绍了一本历史方面的书籍。本书老少皆宜,通过列举具体的事例让读者阅读时了解不一样的历史。

56.C考查推理判断。根据文中的"CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time, from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the internet"可推断出,它与历史有关,再根据文中的"CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history...this book also gives an..."可知,它是一本历史方面的书籍,故答案为C。

57.B考查细节理解。综合分析文中的"Roman Emperor" "Spencer Perceval" "Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great"等可知,文章通过介绍一些具体的内容来向读者推荐这本书。故答案为B。

Passage 3

本文主要介绍了在过去的一百年里四名杰出的女性以及她们为社会所做出的贡献。21.A考查细节理解。根据Jane Addams(1860—1935)部分的"Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need."可知, Jane Addams因自己的社会福利工作而出名。故选A。

22.C考查细节理解。根据Sandra Day O’Connor(1930—present)部分的"When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman."可知,她在律师事务所找不到工作的原因是女性受到性别歧视。故选C。

23.D考查细节理解。根据Rosa Parks(1913—2005)部分的"It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement."可知,她的举动推动了民权运动。故选D。

24.C考查推理判断。Jane Addams是社会福利工作的带头人;Rachel Carson是环境运动的发起者;Sandra Day O’Connor是反对性别歧视的领头人;Rosa Parks是民权运动的推动者。由此可见,这四位女性都是先驱者,故选C。

Passage 4

这是一封书信,作者有注意力缺陷,因此没能实现大学梦,但是一家培训中心的网站给了

作者在线学习的机会,让她的生活有了目标,并且找到了一份好工作。

56.B考查细节理解。题干的"不去读大学"告诉我们,本题的答案应该定位在第四段。该段说,作者的病情变得更糟了,因此不能去读大学,而这个疾病指的是第二段说到的ADHD,具体表

现是注意力不能集中较长时间(unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time),这与B

项吻合。

57.A考查细节理解。根据题干中的"working environment",我们找到第六段中的"looking for

a job",该段说到作者希望的工作环境:I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to。A项中的"working by herself"与该句中的"work alone"表达的意思是一致的,因此选A。

58.C考查写作目的。作者在文章开头直接说明写信的目的"告诉你你的帮助对我的人生是多么重要";然后描述自己的病情,未了的大学梦,以及收信人开办的网站给作者带来的影响,因此本文的写作目的是C项:表明作者对于这个培训中心的感激。

Passage 5

科学家经过实验发现,与黑猩猩相比,合作是人类与生俱来的一种独有的本能。

58.A考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"they have little instinct (本能)to help one another"和下文的实验可知,黑猩猩很少关心同伴,只顾自己。因此选项A正确。

59.A考查细节理解。根据第三段首句"Human children, on the other hand, are naturally cooperative."和下文对于实验结果的描述可知,帮助别人是儿童的本能,因此选A。

60.C考查主旨大意。文章前两段说明了黑猩猩的自私,第三段作者话锋一转,提出了本文要说明的中心:Human children, on the other hand, are naturally cooperative。因此选项C正确。Passage 6

这是一篇应用文,介绍了英国几处风景名胜一日游的相关情况。

33.B考查细节理解。在Tour B中提到"Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England’s oldest university city and colleges.",因此答案是B项。

34.D考查细节理解。结合本文信息可知,在3月17日这一天,四个景点的票价分别为:£37, £36, £37, £33,因此最低票价在Cambridge。

35.A考查细节理解。根据Tour C中的"With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen."可知,这里曾经是国王和女王的住所,因此现在成为了主要的旅游胜地。

高考英语语法知识点总结

专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略) who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 (1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 (2)as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。 Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。 注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词,相当于who/that…not 例:In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what,关系代词用that。

2019年高考英语浙江卷-答案

2019年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷) 英语答案解析 第一部分听力 1.【答案】B 2.【答案】A 3.【答案】B 4.【答案】C 5.【答案】A 6.【答案】C 7.【答案】B 8.【答案】A 9.【答案】C 10.【答案】C 11.【答案】B 12.【答案】A 13.【答案】C 14.【答案】A 15.【答案】B 16.【答案】A 17.【答案】C 18.【答案】B 19.【答案】A 20.【答案】C 第二部分阅读理解 第一节 A 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了Zachariah Fike为“军功章”寻找其真正的主人的故事。 21.【答案】A 【解析】根据第二段中的"he earned one himself in a war as a soldier"可知,Zac曾经在战场上获得过紫心勋章,故选A项。 【考点】细节理解 22.【答案】B 【解析】根据第三段中的"she called Zac back...To drive eight hours to come to see me"可推知,Adeline 很在意这枚勋章,故选B项。 【考点】推理判断 23.【答案】D

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(2)as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。 Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。 注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

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Need a Job This Summer? The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills find a job or start businesses all year round. Jobs for Youth If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. Who is eligible: Youth 15—18 years old in select communities(社区). Summer Company Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3000 to start and run their own summer businesses. Who is eligible: Students aged 15—29 returning to school in the fall. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer. Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire but not turning 18 before December 31 this year. Summer Employment Opportunities(机会) Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service its related agencies and community groups. Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability. 21. What is special about Summer Company? A. It requires no training before employment. B. It provides awards for running new businesses.

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2019年高考英语全国3卷

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试卷3英语试题 第一部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40 分) 第一节(共15 小题满分30 分〉 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS Animals Out of Paper Yolo! Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami (折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 12. (West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W. 86th St. 212-868-4444.) The Audience Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb. 14. (Schoenfeld, 236 W. 45th St. 212-239-6200.) Hamilton Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 17. (Public, 425 Lafayette St. 2 12-967-7555.) On the Twentieth Century Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gal1agher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott El1is directs ,for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb. 12. (American Airlines Theatre, 227 W. 42nd St. 2-7 1300 1. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about? A.A type of art. B. A teenager's studio. C. A great teacher.

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