阅读专练---细节理解题1

阅读理解细节理解题---讲练

解题思路与应试技巧

细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。

1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。

2、词性或者语态的变化。

3、语言简化。

4、正话反说。

干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。

干扰项有以下特征：

1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。

2、把未然当已然。

3、无中生有。

4、偷换概念。

5、文不对题。

下面结合最新高考试题，对细节题的不同类型加以解读。

巩固练习：

（A）

Most people who enjoy movies do not really care how they are made. They just want to enjoy a good story. Movie producer and director George Lucas wants people to see the best made movies. So, his latest movie Star Wars was made without using film.

Star Wars was made using digital cameras. A digital camera does not use traditional film. It captures images on videotape. The images recorded on videotape are the placed in a computer.

George Lucas says that using digital cameras permits him to have much more control over the final product. For example, the image can be changed after it is placed in a computer. An expert can change color, add or take out objects, add people or beings who are not real. Much of what is seen in the new movie Star Wars is not real. Huge buildings, spacecraft and alien beings from other worlds were produced in a computer.

Movie experts say digital technology is the real future of the motion picture industry. A theater will no longer have to wait days or weeks to show a new movie. Theaters will be able to receive copies of new movies by linking computers. Or they will use small computer disks to get a copy of the movie.

When the new movie Star Wars was released last month, only 94 theaters around the world had the digital equipment needed to show it. So Mr. Lucas’ company produced about 6,000 copies of the new digital movie on traditional film for release in most theaters. However, most people who have seen the movie say these film copies are of much better quality than other filmed movies.

Critics say the new digital technology is very costly. Many theater owners will not buy the new technology, yet many of the people who worked on the new movie Star Wars say they would not like to work with film again. They said using digital equipment was faster, and videotape is much less costly than film. One cameraman said the director of a movie can immediately see what was just recorded, something impossible to do with film.

1. According to George Lucas, what makes the best made movies possible?

A. A good story.

B. Film.

C. Digital cameras.

D. Videotape.

2. Which is NOT true for the real future of the motion picture industry, according to movie experts?

A. Linking computers for copies of new movies.

B. Showing filmed movies in theaters.

C. Using small computer disks to get a copy of the movie.

D. Having the digital equipment needed to show the movie.

3. According to the passage, which is true about the new movie Star Wars?

A. There are about 6,000 copies of the new digital movie.

B. It has been shown in only 94 theaters around the world.

C. It is the best among filmed movies.

D. It is the product of the new digital technology.

4. Which of the following is NOT the advantages of the new digital movie?

A. The director can have the objects and people added or taken out.

B. It will be more convenient for theaters to get such kind of new movies.

C. People all agree that the new digital movies are less costly than the filmed movies.

D. The director can monitor the recording and check what was recorded just now.

（B）

As the US wakes up to China’s rising status as an economic and strategic competitor, US parents are urging their children to learn Chinese, reports Julian Borger.

The US is being swept by a rush to learn Mandarin—from wealthy New York mothers hiring Chinese nannies（保姆）for their small children to a defence department education project in Oregon.

The forces driving Mandarin’s momentum（势头）are parental ambition for children facing a future in which China is almost certain to be a major player, and the government is worried about that America may get left behind in that new world.

The bottleneck is the supply of teachers. Mandarin instructors are difficult to import and difficult to train. There are visa problems in bringing over teachers from China but the biggest barrier is cultural.

Teaching in Asia is generally done by rote and the change to western, interactive styles of instruction can be a large leap.

On the other hand, it requires enormous firmness for westerners to learn a language like Chinese, with its thousands of written characters. According to the Asia Society in New York, all of America’s teacher-training institutions turn out only a couple of dozen homegrown Mandarin teachers.

One way to ease the shortage is to find native Mandarin speakers and use fast-track methods to train them. However, the majority of Chinese-Americans grew up speaking Cantonese, the dialect spoken in Hong Kong, where their parents came from. Many are themselves signing on as Mandarin students at the private language schools springing up on the west coast.

1. Why are US parents so eager to make their children learn Mandarin?

A. They are urged by the government to do so.

B. They are afraid to be left behind by other parents.

C. They believe China will play a major role in the future world.

D. They are just carried away by Mandarin’s momentum.

2. The underlined word “rote” in the 4th paragraph probably refers to a teaching pattern which .

A. focuses on memory work

B. allows the students to think independently

C. is centered on interactive skills

D. puts much emphasis on examinations

3. What is the main problem in the Mandarin’s momentum in the US?

A. The lack of qualified teachers.

B. The cultural barrier between the east and west.

C. The Americans’ lack of firmness.

D. The many written Chinese characters.

（C）

About The New Y orker:

The New Yorker is the eclectic magazine for readers interested in the arts, current events, and culture. The New Yorker includes articles on domestic and international news, exploring current ideas and trends, plus sports, fashion, and entertainment events. In addition, The New Yorker is well known for publishing outstanding short fiction and cartoons with an ironic twist.

About Playboy:

Playboy is a magazine of literature, political thought, sports, commentary and humor. Although Playboy is most well known for its pictorials of beautiful women, it is also highly regarded for its interviews and fiction writing.Playboy includes regular feature articles on finance, sports, entertainment, self-improvement, technology, and psychology. You must be 18 or older to order Playboy.

About Nickelodeon:

Nickelodeon is filled with wonderful entertainment for children. It is wholesome, imaginative, and truly from a child’s point of view. Nickelodeon sees the world from your child’s perspective, where it’s fun to laugh －to think－to do－to learn. Share the award-winning entertainment and humor magazine from Nickelodeon with your kids.

About Lucky:

Lucky is the ultimate shopping magazine with the best looks, the best buys, and the best trends before they hit the stores. But what makes really unique is all the detailed information you’ll get on how to purchase the merchandise you’ll find. Lucky provides you with 800 numbers, web site addresses, and more to make your shopping experience easy and convenient! Lucky is your one-stop shopping guide to all the greatest new products on the market. What’s more, it provides wonderful entertainment for women.

1. Which magazine gives buyers the largest price advantage in percentage?

A. The New Yorker

B. Playboy

C. Nickelodeon

D. Lucky

2. If you are a housewife, which magazine will you probably buy?

A. The New Yorker

B. Playboy

C. Nickelodeon

D. Lucky

3. If you are asked to choose a magazine for a little boy, which one do you think is suitable?

A. The New Yorker

B. Playboy

C. Nickelodeon

D. Lucky

4. What information is contained in all the four magazines?

A. Sports

B. News

C. Entertainment

D. Trends

5. For each issue, which magazine is the cheapest according to the advertisement?

A. The New Yorker

B. Playboy

C. Nickelodeon

D. Lucky

（D）

Happiness pays off, studies show.

Psychologists seeking the real secrets of happiness report that very happy people tend to be more

extroverted and agreeable than less happy people.

“Our findings suggest that very happy people have rich and satisfying social relationships and spend little time alone relative to average people,” write psychologists Ed Diener and Martin E.P. Seligman in the journal Psychological Science.

Solid social relationships do not promise happiness, but they are an important contributing factor. The very happy people whom the authors studied all said they had good quality social relationships. However, the authors write, there i s no single key to high happiness. “High happiness seems to be like beautiful symphonic（交响乐）music—including many instruments, without any one being enough for the beautiful quality.”

Diener regards happiness as “subjective (主观的) well-being” ―in other words, the person evaluates（评估）his or her own quality of life. The question to ask is, “Is my life going well，according to the standards I choose to use?” If the answer is “yes”, then that person is judged to be happy.

Because people evaluate their lives based on happiness，“subjective well-being is very important. Though necessary, it is not enough for having a good life. Subjective well-being “seems quite necessary for the good society, although it is not enough for that society because there are other things we also value and would want in such a place,” says Diener.

Can subjective well-being be measured scientifically? Diener points out three parts contributing to happiness: pleasant emotions and moods, lack of negative emotions and moods, and satisfaction judgment, to which other factors—including cheerfulness and feelings of fulfillment—may be added.

There is no magic formula（公式）for happiness. Diener suggests steps you can take to ensure you are as happy as you can be. Surrounding yourself with good friends and family—people who care about you and whom you care about — is a start. Joining in activities you enjoy and value is also important; whether it’s work or play, keeping busy in an environment enjoyable to you will contribute much to your subjective well-being. In addition, a healthy outlook is necessary.

1. The underlined word “extroverted” probabl y means______.

A. pleasant and social

B. hard-working and active

C. careful and shy

D. warm-hearted and helpful

2. Happiness and symphonic music are common in that __________.

A. they are both something beautiful

B. they both make people feel pleased

C. they both depend on more than one factor

D. they are both hard to achieve

3. According to Diener, a person can be judged to be happy when he ______.

A. has rich social relationships

B. spends more time with other people

C. lives a quality life

D. thinks his life is going well according to the standards he chooses to use

4. Which of the following does not belong to components contributing to happiness?

A. Pleasant moods.

B. Negative emotions.

C. Satisfaction judgment.

D. Feelings of fulfillment.

答案与解析：

（1）

1. C。直接信息题。根据第一、二段内容可知，拍摄一部优秀电影的关键是数码摄象机。

2. B。间接信息题。根据文章内容，其它三项都是未来采用数码摄象机后可能会出现的情况，B项仍然是传统模式。

3. D。综合信息题。A项“偷换概念”，原文中说的6，000份是把Star Wars翻制成普通胶片电影；B项中说只在全世界94家影院放映也犯了“偷换概念”的错误，原文中说世界上只有94家影院有放映数字电影的设备，但接着又说生产了6，000份普通胶片的电影供更多的影院放映。C项“无中生有”，原文中并没有提到；D项符合原文信息。

4.C。综合信息题。只有C项与原文不符，对数字化电影的花费问题有两种不同的声音，反对者认为这种新技术费用昂贵。

（2）

1. C。直接信息题。从文章第三段“parental ambition for children facing a future in which China is almost certain to be a major player”可得出答案。

2. A。词义猜测题。从文章第四段西方互动教学方式与东方教学方式的对比关系中可得到答案，西方注重师生互动，东方注重记忆。故选A。

3. A。直接信息题。从文章第四段第一句话The bottleneck is the supply of teachers.可得到答案。

（3）

1. B。数字计算题。通过计算可知，Playboy这份杂志读者享受的折扣最大。

2. D。直接信息题。Lucky是一本关于购物的杂志，而且最后提到为妇女提供精彩的娱乐，因此最适合妇女阅读。

3. C。直接信息题。快速查寻About Nickelodeon可知这是一本适合儿童阅读的杂志。

4. C。直接信息题。快速查寻四本杂志的广告可知都含有Entertainment方面的内容。

5. A。数字计算题。通过计算可知，The New Yorker每期仅1美元，是四种杂志中每期最便宜的杂志。

（4）

1. A。词义猜测题。从后面的agreeable（随和的）判断，此处词义为“外向的”，与A项最接近。

2. C。间接信息题。概括文章第四段可以得出答案：幸福和交响乐都不是单一成分组成的，而是取决于很多因素。

3. D。间接信息题。从文章第五段可得出答案：幸福是一个人的一种感觉，以自己选择的标准来衡量自己是否幸福。

4. B。间接信息题。从文章倒数第二段可知，不能构成幸福的显然是“消极情绪”。

高中阅读理解细节题解题技巧及练习

阅读专题-----细节题 一、题型特点与命题方式 所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。细节事实理解题 主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题 两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就 能得分，属于低层次题。而语义理解题须将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换才能得出结论。这类 题目要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。 这类试题旨在考查考生对事实细节的确定。这类试题一般只针对文章中某一特定的细节，也可能涉及若 干个细节，或者针对文章的主要事实，或利用图形图表或地图来表示信息等。此类试题一般又可分为两类： 一是直接理解题，答案可在原文中直接找到;二是词义转换题，答案是原文中有关词语和句子的转换，而不能 在原文中直接找到。 一般包括直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。）语义转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工 或整理后方能得出结论）、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题 型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为： When / Where did the story happen? Which of the following statements is (not) correct? Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? All the statements are true except… Which of the following statements is true/NOT true/false, according to the passage? Choose the right order of the events given in the passage? 该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重 要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属 于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问 题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。 二、解题思路与应试技巧 细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找 到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。 通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征： 1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。 2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障 碍。 3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。 4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项（适用于寻找错误选项的题目）。 干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征： 1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。 2、把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事 情。 3、无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。 4、偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。 5、文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要 回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。

阅读理解之细节题(上)

practice HyderabadHyderabad, India To improve people’s lives, Hyderabad is planting more and more trees. The cityy is even creatingg ggreener buildingsg that use less water and less electricityy for power. Adding green to a city has a number of advantages. For example, trees make the air cleaner. In Hyderabad, streets were grey and dirty in the past. HHowever, todayt d theyth are fillfilledd withith treest andd flowers,fl makingki theth cityit cleanerl andd more colourful. Green areas also give people places to relax or exercise. A study in the USA shows an interesting thing: the greener a neighborhood is, the less crime there is. 2012年天津市中考C篇 4.对比处：常见标志词有compared with/to, unlike等。 【ExampleE l 4】 Unlike a computer,p , Kindle never ggets hot so yyou can read comfortably as long as you like. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1a4959097.html,pared to a computer, Kindle . A. doesn’t get hot B. has no screen C. is harder to use D. is heavier to carry (2011年北京市西城区一模) 【Example 5】 68. According to the passage, why do many patients stop getting injections? A. Because of the pain and stress of the injections. B. Because they are too lazy. C. Because they like taking pills (药丸). D. Because theyy are waitingg for the new device. (2012年黄冈市中考A篇) practice 5555. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Learning a second language can help us find a good job quickly. B.. Dr.. Mechelliec e madede thee experimente pe e amongo g threeee differentd e e groups.g oups. C. Learning a second language is the same as studying other subjects. D. The earlier we learn a second language, the more money we pay. （2012年北京市大兴区二模C篇） A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College LondonLondon, took a group of Britons who only spoke EnglishEnglish. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second languageg g before the ageg of five,, as well as a number of later learners.

1.2 细节理解类 专项练习题(解析版)

第二讲细节理解类 【分类真题】 （2019年课表全国卷二，C） Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s "me" time. And like more American s, she’s not alone. A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half（53 percent）have breakfast alone and nearly half（46 percent）have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report. "I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?" Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. "Today, I just wanted some time to myself," she said. Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction（交流）. "I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week," he said. "It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan." That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. "It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology," said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report. 28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about? A. Food variety. B. Eating habits. C. Table manners. D.Restaurant service. 【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。本题题干意为：第二段中的数据是关于什么的？根据第二段A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves.Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the re-port.可知，本段中出现的数据都体现了人们吃饭的习惯，所以选择B 项。A:食物的多样性；C:餐桌礼仪；D:餐厅服务。

(完整版)英语阅读理解之细节题

高一英语专题培优 ——阅读理解解题技巧 考纲解读： 阅读理解是英语考试中的一个重要题型，分值高、题量大。阅读理解考查 的根本是检验学生对有关信息的搜集、加工能力。新的高中英语教学大纲明确规定："侧重提高阅读能力"。 英语考试大纲规定，考生应能：(1) 理解主旨和要义； (2) 理解文中具体信息； (3) 根据上下文推断生词的词义； (4) 做出简单判断和推理； （5）理解文章的基本结构； （6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 命题探究： 一．选材特点： 广东省高考阅读理解解题选材，一般遵循三个原则： 1.文章一般为4篇，阅读量在2500个单词左右； 2.题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容； 3.体裁多样，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文、论述文等。 二．题目类型： 高考中的阅读理解一般分为四大类：细节题、猜词题、推断题以及主旨题 三．题目特点： 1.无论哪一类题都一定能在文中找到依据。 2.每篇文章的5个小题正确答案的关键信息按照短文出现的先后顺序依次 排列。如第2题的关键信息点在第二段中，那么第3题的关键信息点很 可能就会在第三段中，而在第一段的可能性就很小。主旨大意题和写作 目的题一般都安排在第5小题。 阅读水平的提高不是一两天的阅读就可以见效的。想要提高阅读能力，一是要培养良好的阅读行为习惯 提高分数技巧： 1. 抓好限时训练 同学们可以通过限时训练有计划、循序渐进地提高自己的阅读速度。做阅读理解训练 时，尝试在原文中划出答案出处，这能帮助我们在阅读时以文章为依据，而不凭空猜想。 2. 养成良好的阅读习惯 同学们在平时训练时要养成良好的阅读习惯。首先要避免“指读”。很多学生喜欢用手或笔指着文字读，这种阅读习惯容易使思维停留在手指着的局部单词上，会阻碍对中心思想

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