2021年高考小题限时训练限时作业5

限时训练五

(一)现代文阅读I (本题共5小题,19分)

阅读下面的文字,完成1~5题。

材料一:

《中共中央关于加快发展第三产业的决定》第八条“加快发展第三产业的重点”的第四点讲到:“对国民经济发展具有全局性、先导性影响的基础行业，主要是交通运输业、邮电通信业、科学研究事业、教育事业和公用事业等。”这里讲的是“基础行业”和“教育事业”,并没有讲“教育产业”,可能是研究者为了突出教育的产业性,就约定俗成地创造了“教育产业”这个词。

关于“教育产业化”的内涵，目前尚无公认的界定。我们认为,对“教育产业化”内涵的界定不能忽略其特定的教育群体，“教育产业化”不是指对所有学校教育而言,而是其中的一部分群体。因此,我们认为“教育产业化”是指部分高等院校或民办学校，采用市场经济的运作方式来合理协调教学、科研、社会服务几大功能，以多出人才、出好人才为根本目的,遵循市场经济规律、人才成长规律和教育规律,构建新型教育投资者、经办者和受益者之间关系的教育运作机制。基础教育和高等教育在“教育产业化”问题上有内容和程度上的本质差异,义务教育不能作为产业来经营或采取产业经营机制,非义务教育可以作为有

条件的产业来经营或采取产业经营机制。如果笼统地提“教育产业化”,则可能使经济上的贫富差距在教育方面扩大,社会弱势群体将处于更为不利的环境。

摘编自曾宪军《“教育产业化”的内涵及群体建构探讨》材料二:

我们切不可忘记,教育是一种与其他产业不同的、具有自身特点和规律的特殊产业。教育的广义是指以影响人的身心发展为直接目的的社会活动;教育的狭义是指由专职人员和专门机构进行的学校教育。教育是为一切产业提供人才的产业,而不是经济的一个分支。教育有教育功能、文化功能、经济功能和道德功能。教育与社会的各个领域相关联,教育保证社会的延续和进步。

基于此，我不赞成“教育产业化”的提法,不赞成“教育要产业化”“要按企业的规律办教育”等观点。“产业化”就是“市场化”,就是产品“商品化”。如果赞成“教育产业化”,就是赞成教育活动市场化,就是教育产品的商品化。学校教育的产品是毕业生,把人当作商品并不符合社会主义的性质。何况我国毕业生是不包分配、自主择业的，“产品”不能由产业主(校长?)出售,怎么商品化呢? 1986 年颁布的《中华人民共和国义务教育法》规定:“国家实行九年义务教育。”那么义务教育如何产业化呢?教育活动中的思想政治教育、数理化等基础学科是教育的重要组成部分,有多少市场需求?如何商品化?教育系统内的某些部分,如学校的后勤、高等学校中的高科技产业等可以产业化,但这和“教育产业化”是两回事。高等学校创造出的科技成果应由企业进行中间试验和生产试验,把科技成果转化为生产力。例如,美国的斯坦福大学出了不少信息化人才和科研成果，但发展信息化产品还是由社会上硅谷等地的企业去搞,这是社会应有的分工。

(摘编自陈鸿璠《刍议“教育产业”和“教育产业化”》) 材料三:

教育产业化的理论并不“邪恶”。在计划体制下,长期以来我们只强调教育的公共性、公益性,进而认为教育只能由政府投资举办，形成国家垄断、包办教育的困窘局面。教育经济学、人力资本理论的引入,

使我们认识教育既具有公共性,也具有私人性,非义务教育阶段的高等教育、职业教育等提供的是一种准公共产品,其公共性部分由政府购买,私人性部分作为个人的自我投资,由受益者个人购买。学校与学生的关系，也具有提供教育服务的交易性质。对国家而言,教育不仅是一种公益事业,还是具有很高经济回报率的战略产业,教育的发展需要打破封闭,引入市场竞争的机制，建立经费多样化的渠道。

在许多国际组织的统计分类中,教育均被列为“服务产业”“第三产业”。在1992年中共中央和国务院颁发的《关于加快发展第三产业的决定》中,教育被明确列为第三产业,而且是“对国民经济发展具有全局性、先导性影响的基础产业”。《决定》提出要以产业化为方向,建立充满活力的自我发展机制,对包括教育产业在内的第三产业，坚持谁投资、谁所有、谁受益的原则。它被主张教育产业化的意见引为最重要的论据。我国教育主管部门的基本态度,是承认教育具有产业属性,尤其是非义务教育阶段的高等教育、职业教育、留学教育等,但从维护教育公益性的角度出发,反对提“教育产业化”,认为所谓“化”,就是彻头彻尾、彻里彻外之意。

在市场经济发展到今天,教育具有某种产业性质,教育需要引入部分市场机制以增强活力、提高效率，个人分担一部分教育成本等概念应当说已经被社会普遍接受。无论支持还是反对“教育产业化”,在这些方面是具有共识的,争论主要在教育产业“化”与不“化”的认识上。我认为这种词语之争其实并没有更大的理论意义，反而削弱了我们对这一进程的实际关注。

虽然我们的官方政策没有提“教育产业化”,但事实上“产业化”的问题之严重,是那些市场化程度更高的国家所没有的。一种理论的现实命运，并不是由讨论或表态决定的,而取决现实的社会需求、价值导向和利益博弈。

(摘编自杨东平《教育产业化争议辨析》) [注]《中共中央关于加快发展第三产业的决定》1992年由中共中央国务院发布,下面的题目中简称《决定》。

1.下列对材料相关内容的理解和分析,正确的一项是(3分)

A.材料一认为“教育产业化”运作方式合理,目的明确,遵循客观规律，运作机制好,能够协调教育投资者、经办者和受益者之间的关系。

B.材料二从“教育产业”的内涵出发,坚决反对“教育产业化”,但并不反对对学校的后勤以及高等学校中的高科技产业产业化。

C.材料二从法律规定中看到义务教育产业化不可行,这一观察角度与材料一论述义务教育不能作为产业来经营基本相同。

D.材料三从《决定》中解读出“教育产业”和“教育产业化”的政策,这比材料一只解读出“教育产业”更加全面深刻。

2.根据材料一和材料二，下列说法不正确的一项是(3分)

A.教育事业与交通运输业、邮电通信业同属于第三产业，是影响国民经济发展的基础行业,但发展规律却有所不同。

B.如果搞“一刀切”的“教育产业化”,就有可能给社会带来十分严重的后果，尤其对社会弱势群体影响巨大。

C.教育是特殊的产业,是为其他产业提供人才的产业,在整个社会产业化的背景下,教育产业的商品化顺理成章。

D.学校和企业在社会上应该有明确的分工,学校负责进行教育和科研,企业负责把科技成果转化为生产力。

3.下列说法中,可以作为论据来支撑材料二观点的一项是(3分)

A.“天下熙熙,皆为利来;天下攘攘,皆为利往。”

B.“谨庠序之教,申之以孝悌之义。”

C.“教育产业化按企业管理模式运作,违背教育产业的特殊规律,不利于教育产业开发和教育均衡发展。”

D.“近代以来英国率先实行了教育产业化，即将教育作为产业来发展,使英国的教育在全世界范围都具有良好的教育资源和教育质量。”

4.材料三在论证上有哪些特点?请简要说明。(4 分)

5.义务教育不能产业化基本已达成社会共识,非义务教育和民办教育是否可以产业化?请结合材料谈谈你的看法。(6 分)

(二)现代文阅读I (本题共4小题,16分)

阅读下面的诗歌,完成6~9题。

星星变奏曲

江河

如果大地的每个角落都充满了光明

谁还需要星星，谁还会

在夜里凝望

寻找遥远的安慰

谁不愿意

每天

都是一首诗

每个字都是一颗星

像蜜蜂在心头颤动

谁不愿意,有一个柔软的晚上

柔软得像一片湖

萤火虫和星星在睡莲丛中游动

谁不喜欢春天,鸟落满枝头

像星星落满天空

闪闪烁烁的声音从远方飘来

一团团白丁香朦朦胧胧

如果大地的每个角落都充满了光明

谁还需要星星,谁还会

在寒冷中寂寞地燃烧

寻找星星点点的希望

谁愿意

一年又一年

总写苦难的诗

每一首都是一群颤抖的星星

像冰雪覆盖在心头

谁愿意,看着夜晚冻僵

僵硬得像一片土地

风吹落一颗又一颗瘦小的星

谁不喜欢飘动的旗子,喜欢火

涌出金黄的星星

在天上的星星疲倦了的时候

升起

去照亮太阳照不到的地方

6.下列对本诗相关内容的理解,不正确的一项是(3分)

A.人们抬头凝望星空,把“星星”作为遥远的安慰,这是因为黑暗笼罩大地,处于劫难中的人们渴望光明。

B.“柔软得像一片湖”形象地写出夜晚的安宁、平静、柔和、温馨和自由自在,给人温柔如梦的美好感觉。

C.“在寒冷中寂寞地燃烧”意思是在寻求自由和光明的过程中,周围都是黑暗的时候，只能把寂寞化作光明。

D.结尾用“飘动的旗子”“涌出金黄的星星”的“火”来表现诗人丰富的情感流变与追求光明的热望。

7.下列对本诗艺术特色的分析鉴赏,不正确的一项是(3分)

A.诗歌以假设的语句来开头,用“谁还需要星星,谁还会”诘问,宣泄着诗人内心蓄积已久的苦闷与祈盼。

B.诗人用“谁不愿意……谁不愿意……谁不喜欢……”这样的句式,引出一系列的美好意象,写出了诗人向往的光明世界。

C.这首诗采用复沓的结构形式,意在营造浓郁的氛围,增强诗的内趋力和表达效果,让人于轻松中心灵受到震动。

D.用睡莲、丁香等象征美好的理想世界,用夜、冰雪等代表黑暗冰冷的现实,使诗歌清晰显豁，意境优美。

8.“每一首都是一群颤抖的星星”中的“颤抖”如何理解? (4分)

9.诗歌中有些句子使用了通感的手法,这样写有什么好处?请结合诗歌举例简析。(6 分)

四、写作(60分)

10.阅读下面的材料,根据要求写作。(60 分)

“我和我的祖国,一刻也不能分割。无论我走到哪里,都流出一首赞歌。”中华人民共和国成立70周年，《我和我的祖国》响彻大江南北。不过面对爱国和爱国主义,难免有人疑惑:当国家与国家之间的界限日益减弱,世界变得越来越像一个“地球村”时,我们是否还需要举起爱国主义这面旗帜?还需不需要继承发扬爱国传统?也有人指出,爱国是一种态度,不是一双拳头;爱国是一种理性,不是一根铁棍;爱国不是泄愤,而是要先爱法治,让公民的基本权利得到尊重与捍卫。爱国的激情,必须经过理性的审视与过滤,使之得到沉淀与升华,才能真正成为有益于国家发展与进步的力量。

请结合材料内容，面向本校(统称“兴华中学")同学写一篇演讲稿,倡议大家做新的时代的理性爱国者,体现你的认知与思考,并提出希望与建议。要求:自拟标题,自选角度,确定立意;不要套作,不得抄袭;不得泄露个人信息;不少于800字。

2014高考数学小题限时训练12

2014高考数学（理科）小题限时训练12 15小题共75分，时量：45分钟，考试时间：晚21：40—22：10 姓名 一、选择题：本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分． 1.设全集U ＝R ，集合{|1}A x x =>-，{|2}B x x =>，则U A B = e （ ） A ．{|12}x x -≤< B ．{|12}x x -<≤ C ．{|1}x x <- D ．{|2}x x > 2.已知命题p ：(,0),23x x x ?∈-∞<；命题q ：(0, ),tan sin 2 x x x π ?∈>，则下列命题为 真命题的是 （ ） A. p ∧q B. p ∨(﹁q) C. (﹁p)∧q D. p ∧(﹁q) 3．函数2()log f x x x π=+的零点所在区间为（ ） A ．??????81,0 B ．??????41,81 Ｃ．?? ? ???21,41 Ｄ．??????1,21 4．下列函数()f x 中，满足“对任意1x ，2x ∈（0，+∞），当1x <2x 时，都有1()f x >2()f x 的是( ) A ．()f x = 1x B. ()f x =2(1)x - C .()f x =x e D ()ln(1) f x x =+ 5．若函数y =()f x 的图象过点()0,1，则函数y=()4f x -的图象必过点（ ） A ． ()3,0 B ．()1,4 C ． ()4,1 D ．()0,3 6.已知函数()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数，且对任意x ∈R 有()(2)f x f x =-成立，则 (2010)f 的值为 （ ） A.0 B. 1 C.－1 D. 2 7．函数 在同一直角坐标系下的图象大致是 （ ） 8.设()f x 与()g x 是定义在同一区间[a ，b ]上的两个函数，若对任意x ∈[a ，b ]，都有 |()()|1f x g x -≤成立，则称()f x 和()g x 在[a ，b ]上是“密切函数” ，区间[a ，b ]称为“密切区间”.若2 ()34f x x x =-+与()23g x x =-在[a ，b ]上是“密切函数”，则其“密切 区间”可以是 （ ） A. [1，4] B. [2，4] C. [3，4] D. [2，3] 二、填空题：本大题共7小题，每小题5分，共35分。 9.不等式lg(1)0x +≤的解集是 10．已知某算法的程序框图如下图所示，则当输入的x 为2时，输出的结果是 。

(完整版)高三英语语法填空专项训练(含答案解析)

高三英语专项训练----语法填空 （1）(Topic: ) Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out 16 _______ they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed 17 ___ very large stone. Then he 18____ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, 19____ he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.20 ______ man came along and did the same thing; then another came，and another. All of them complained about the stone but did not tried to remove 21______. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 22 _______ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. Some neighbors will come along later 23 _____ the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 24 ________ (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 25 ________ the stone，he found a bag of money. （2）(Topic: ) The best gift I ever received is the parents that were given to me. I could not have picked out 16 _______ (good) parents myself. My mom is smart，funny，and very artistic. She loves painting and encouraging other people to paint as well. She owns 17______ own book and art store. And at night she teaches adult 18 ________ (educate). She helps kids 19 _________ have dropped out of high school 20 _________ (get) their diploma. She always has time for me and my brothers. She hardly ever gets mad 21 ______ us and loves doing new things with us，22 _____ going to a new museum or going out onto the beach in the middle of the winter and taking pictures at the beach in the snow. My dad knows 23 _____ to fix anything and loves to play musical instruments. He helps me with my science projects and other school projects. He works hard to make money for our family and hardly ever complains. He loves skating with me and 24______ (build) us a half pipe and other cool things. So I have to say that 25 _______ gift I’m most grateful for is the one the God gave me—my parents. （3）(Topic: ) Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions，“Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually，many of the teachers can’t give students 16 ___ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway，17 _____ often simply say，“Read more and practise more，and you 18 ______ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good 19_________ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading 20 ____ not helpful to deal wit h the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally，I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 21 ______ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles，the science of reading 22 ______understanding may have a close relationship with writing.

高考数学练习题限时训练(29)答案

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