动名词用法

动名词的定义

它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为:v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。

动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：

注意：动名词的否定形式是：not doing/ not having done

1、动名词一般式表示的动作通常是一般性动作，即无明确时间

性的动作，也可以表示与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在谓语动词动作后发生。如：

Mike is fond of playing tennis. playing tennis 表示泛指的动作。

He gained his wealth by printing works of famous writers. printing 的动作和gained的动作同时发生

He insisted on going to Hong Kong the next day. going 的动作发生在insisted动作之后。

2、动名词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。在remember, regret, forget, excuse, thank, apologize后，可以用动名词的一般式代替动名词的完成式。如：

I don’t remember having met / meeting him before.

Thank you for having taken so much trouble to help.

How much I regretted not taking / having taken his advice.

3、动名词的被动语态表示动名词的逻辑主语同时也是动名词的动作的承受者。

（1）它的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，或在其前发生。如：

I don’t like being laughed at in public.

（2）它的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。如：

I am very pleased at your having been honored with a medal.

（3）动名词的被动完成式常可用其一般式代替，以免句子累赘。After he became conscious, he remembered having been attacked / being attacked and hit on the head with a rod.

动名词的句法功能：

动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。

1、作主语，表示概括性的，一般性的行为。

Reading is an art.

Climbing mountains is really fun.

Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer.

动名词作主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。如：It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk.

It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.

2、作宾语

（1）作及物动词的宾语

某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay, practice, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, can’t stand, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, l ook forward to, pay attention to, get down to等。巧记为：

考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。

consider, advise/suggest, look forward to, excuse

admit,put off/ delay, can’t stand/ bear

避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。

avoid, miss, keep on/ go on, practice deny, finish, appreciate/ enjoy 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。

forbid, imagine/ fancy, risk can’t help, mind, permit/ allow, escape 如：

They went on walking and never stopped talking.

Bill suggested holding a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.

I really enjoy studying be cause I’m growing old and know what I want.

注意：在动词need, want, require 后接动名词作宾语，是用主动形式表示被动概念。“需要被……”“该被……”。相当于：need/ want/ require to be done.

（2）作介词的宾语

We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term.

Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work?

（3）作形容词的宾语

The music is well worth listening to more than once.

We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet.

3、作表语

动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。

Y our task is cleaning the windows. (Cleaning the windows is your task.)

What I hate most is being laughed at. (Being laughed at is what I hate most.)

4、作定语

动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：

a walking stick ＝a stick for walking= a stick which is used for walking

a washing machine= a machine for washing= a machine which is used for washing

二、动名词的复合结构

带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词之前加上形容词性物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中形容词性物主代词（名词所有格）是动名词逻辑上的主语，动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。如：

Her coming to help encouraged all of us.

(=That she came to help encouraged all of us.)

Jane’s being careless caused so much trouble.

(=That Jane was careless caused so much trouble.)

What’s troubling them is their not having enough food.

(=What’s troubling them is that they have not enough food.)

在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其逻辑主语形容词性物主代词常用人称代词宾格形式，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。如：

Would you mind my/me using your computer?

The father insisted on his son’s/his son going to college.

Mary’s (不可用Mary) being ill made her mother upset.

His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry.

在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格：

a.无生命名词

The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.

b. 有生命名词但表示泛指意义

Have you ever heard of women practising boxing?

c. 两个以上的有生命名词并列

Do you remember your parents and me telling about this?

动名词练习题：

1. My watch needs ________,but I have no time to go to town to have it _______.

A.to repair; repaired

B. to be repaided; repairing

C. repairing; repaired

D. being repaired; repaired

2. Y ou should apologize to your sister for _____ her the truth.

A.telling

B. not telling

C. telling not

D. not tell

3. ---The light in the office is still on.

---Oh, I forgot ___________ it off.

A. turning

B. turn

C. to turn

D. having turned

4. Hearing the bad news, the mother couldn’t help ________.

A.to cry

B. crying

C. cry

D. cries

5. Our teacher told us to spend some time _______ English every day.

A.to practise speaking

B. practising speaking

C. to practise to speak

D. practising to speak

6. It is no use _______ without doing.

A.to promise

B. promising

C. promise

D. to be promised

改错：

1.The news that our team had been defeated was disappointed.

2.Lucy dosen’t mind to lend you her MP

3.

3.After take his measure, they decided to give him the position.

4.Which do you enjoy spending your weekend,fishing or shopping?

5.I still remember taken to Shanghai when I was a child.

6.I am not used to be spoken to like that.

7.We would appreciate to hear from you soon.

8.People sometimes can’t help to buy somethin g they won’t need.

9.I can hardly imagine Peter sails across the river.

10.Tony was very unhappy for having not been invited to the party.

动名词的用法

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一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法 （1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认 admit 承认advocate提倡/主张consider 考虑 can't help不禁 can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白 dislike不喜欢，讨厌deserve值得 delay 延迟 deny否认 dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶 enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅 fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌 imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许 postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止 resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受

worth值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her.

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difficult ，useless，senseless，worthwhile 等。但是important, essential, necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。 用it 代替动名词作形式主语的除了上述句型外，还有一种句型为： It is no use/ useless/ useful/ no good/ great fun/ a waste of time/ nice/ good+ v-ing 例如： It's no use trying to argue with him. 3) “ There be” 的结构 这种句型一般是否定形式，There是引导词，作为形式 主语，动名词做真正主语。意思是“不可能……”。 例如： There is no joking about such matters. 4) 告示或简略的警告用语中，动名词在祈使句中作主语一般是否定的、省略的形式。 例如： No climbing. (No climbing is allowed. ) 5) 组成复合结构动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，可在其前面加上所有 格， 使之变成复合结构，可作为句中主语。 例如：

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Getting up early is a good habit. To get up early this morning made me sleepy. ②动名词作主语，有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。 It is no use/ good doing...(做。。。没有用); It is fun doing... (做。。。很有趣); It is a waste of time doing... (做。。。是浪费时间) 等句型中。 例如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收） It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 说服这样一个人加入我们当中来是浪费时间。 2. 作宾语 ①作某些及物动词的宾语 常见的动词有：advise，avoid，delay，escape，excuse，enjoy，consider，finish，deny，fancy，keep，mind（在乎）postpone，pardon，practise，suggest，imagine等。 need，want，require后接动名词，表示被动意义。 如：Would you mind opening the door？请你把门打开好吗？ Fancy meeting you here. 真想不到在这里遇见你。 ②作介词的宾语 He left without saying good-bye to us. 他没有和我们道别就离开了。 On arriving at the airport，I saw my mother standing in the

动名词的用法

动名词 定义：动名词是动词的一种非限定形式，兼有动词和名词的特征，它可以带宾语，也能被状语修饰。动名词接宾语或状语构成动名词短语。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 基本形式：由动词原形家词尾-ing构成，与现在分词形式相同。动名词已经名词化了，而现在分词常表示动作或状态。如：a sleeping chair 躺/睡椅（动名词，表用途） a sleeping child 正在睡觉的孩子（现在分词，表状态） 一、动名词的句法功能 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 1、作主语 1）直接位于句首做主语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffering. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。 注意：动名词做主语时，谓语动词为单数 2）用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪 费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 这种用法在习惯句型中常用，常用句型： It is + no use/no good/useless/senseless/fun/enjoyable/tiring/ interesting/foolish/nice/a waste of time/a plessure… + v.ing 注意：important，essential，necessary 等形容词后面不用动名词（常用不定式）。3）用于“There be”结构中。 There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。 There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。

动名词的用法及练习题

动名词（Gerund） 动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词+ ing构成，否定形式为not doing，兼有动词的特征和名词的功能。 一、动名词保留着动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化。其时态语态形式如 二、动名词相当于名词，在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和定语 1、作主语 动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。例如： Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。 Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16个小时。 Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。 注意：动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用"It is …"和"There is …"两种句式来表示。例如： It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office.我从办公室回家要花十分钟。 It needs time to make three copies of it.把它复制三份需要时间。 It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。 It's no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。 It is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。 There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no denying that she is very efficient.她效率高是不容否认的。 2、作定语 动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍，一般只限于单个的动名词作定语，表示“用于……的”或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义。例如： swimming pool 游泳池reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖floating needle 浮针 opening speech 开幕词listening aid 助听器 waiting room 候车室working people 劳动人民 3、作表语 动名词作表语的时候，特别要注意：不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。例如： His part-time job is promoting new products for the company. （动名词） 他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。

动名词用法归纳

动名词用法归纳Mar 11, 2011 一. 动名词作主语和表语 动名词表示抽象的具有普遍性的行为，不定式表示某一次具体的行为。 Seeing is believing. (但现代英语也可以：To see is to believe.) Swimming is a good sport. (抽象) To swim is good for today. (具体) My job is teaching English. (抽象) Your job is to clean the window now. (具体) 二. 作宾语 1. help to do 帮着做 can’t help doing 禁不住 want / need doing = want / need to be done Your hair needs cutting. / Your hair needs to be cut. 2. 只能跟动名词作宾语的动词有： enjoy; finish; suggest; advise; imagine; mind; practise; consider(考虑)；understand; bear / stand (容忍) 等。 I enjoy listening to music. I’ve finished doing my homework. He imagined finding a purse in the street. He suggested having a rest. She is practising playing the piano. He is considering going abroad. 3. 接动名词作宾语的短语有： be good at; be proud of; be fond of; look forward to; be devoted to; insist on; be busy doing; be worth doing; feel like doing; be used to doing; succeed in doing 等。 She is proud of being beautiful. He is fond of playing computer games. I am looking forward to going to the village. I insist on learning English. 4. 接动名词作宾语的重点介词： after; before; on (一…就…); without 等。 After playing football, we feel tired. Before playing football, we feel excited. On opening my eyes, I found Mother standing by my side. I sometimes go to school without having breakfast. 三．动名词作定语 动名词作定语说明被修饰词的用途；现在分词作定语说明被修饰词本身发出的动作。

初中动名词用法归纳

初中动名词用法归纳 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998

动名词的用法及归纳 一、定义 动名词，就是动词后加ing 的形式，即doing sth. 它的作用相当于一个名词，所以叫做“动名词”。 二、动名词的特征及作用 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态 和语态的变化。 动名词属于非谓语动词中的一种，所以它不可以做谓语。 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。 【例题】指出下列句子中动名词/现在分词或动名词/现在分词短语做句子的什么成份： ①Climbing mountains is really fun. ②It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. ③Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations. ④We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. ⑤a walking stick ⑥a washing machine ⑦Be careful while crossing the street. ⑧Seeing is believing. ⑨My work is cleaning the house. ⑩Be careful while crossing the street. 三、动名词和现在分词的区别： 动名词：动词的-ing形式，相当于名词在句子中的用法； 现在分词：具有动词的特征，可以表示一个正在进行、主动的动作。 【例题】判断以下v-ing形式是动名词用法还是现在分词用法： ①I see Mary doing her homework now. ②Seeing is believing. ③They are singing. ④Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. ⑤I advice waiting till tomorrow. ⑥I prefer going shopping this weekenk. 四、动名词和动词不定式作主语的区别： 动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。 比较以下句子： Saving money is a good habit. To save money is not easy for me. 五、动名词的时态和语态 六、动名词的否定形式：在doing前加上not 七、【例题】变否定式： ①I admit having done this. ②I leave the machine running all day.

初中动名词的用法

动名词的用法 动名词是非谓语动词的一种，它由动词原形加-ing 构成，形式上与现在分词相同。动名词除具有动词的性质外，还具有名词的性质。动名词在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语等，但不能用作谓语（故称动名词为非谓语动词）。如： Her job is looking after the baby. 她的工作是照顾婴儿。 She’s gone out to do some shopping. 她出去买东西了。 一、动名词的句法功能 1．用作主语 Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容易。 注意：动名词作主语经常采用it 作形式主语的句型。 2．用作表语 Her favorite sport is skating. 她最喜爱的运动是滑冰。 His job is teaching English. 他的工作是教英语。 注意：不定式和动名词均可用作主语和表语，区别是：动名词多指笼统的、抽象的概念，而不定式则多指具体的、一次性的动作。 3．用作宾语 She likes singing and dancing. 她喜欢唱歌跳舞。 介词后出现动词时，通常要用动名词形式，不能用动词原形，通常也不用不定式。 He left without saying good-bye. 他没有告别就离开了。 4．用作定语 This is our reading room. 这时我们的阅览室。 He bought a new washing machine. 他买了一台新洗衣 机。 Betty won the first prize in the singing competition. 贝蒂获得了歌咏比赛的一等奖。 二、与动词搭配的doing 用法有多少 英语中，某些动词（或形容词）后只能与ing 形式即动名词连用。 1. keep doing sth 一直作某事 . Keep driving until you see the cinema, then turn left. 开着车一直向前，看见电影院就向左拐。 2. keep on doing sth 一直作某事 . I keep on thinking about the match in the afternoon. 我一直在想着今天下午比赛的事。 3. keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事 . Don ’t keep your mother waiting. 不要让你妈妈久等。 4. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 . He was busy doing his homework. 他正忙于写 家庭作业。

英语语法动词及动名词

1）表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。 说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如： We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。（having是实义动词。） He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。 （has是助动词。） 3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。） She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。） 4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如： She sings very well. 她唱得很好。（sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。） She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。 说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。 5)根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词（One-Word Verb）、短语动词（Phrasal Verb）、动词短语（V erbal Phrase）例如： The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（contains是单字动词。） Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。（look up是短语动词。） The young ought to take care of the old. 年轻人应照料老人。（take care of是动词短语。） 6）动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第三人称单数形式（Singular From in Third Personal）、过去式（Past Form）、过去分词（Past Participle）、现在分词（Present Participle）。

动名词定义及作用

动名词 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 解释：动词的ing形式如果是名词，这个词称动名词。 动名词的作用 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 一、 动名词定义和作用 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 解释：动词的ing形式如果是名词，这个词称动名词。 一、动名词的作用 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。二、 动名词的逻辑主语 带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词（名词所有格）是逻辑上的主语，动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。如： Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 他来帮忙鼓舞了我。 (=That she came to help encouraged all of us.) Jane’s being careless caused so much trouble. 简这么粗心惹来了不

少麻烦。 (=That Jane was careless caused so much trouble.) What’s troubling them is their not having enough food. 烦扰他们的是食物不足。(=What’s troubling them is that they have not enough food.)在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。如：Would you mind my/me using your computer? 用下你的电脑介意吗？ The father insisted on his son’s/his son going to college. 爸爸坚决要求儿子上大学。 Mary’s (不可用Mary) being ill made her mother upset. 玛丽病了，使她妈妈很着急。 His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry. 他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。 在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾语： a.无命名词 The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting. 这个婴儿被猛烈的关门声吵醒。 b. 有生命名词但表示泛指意义 Have you ever heard of women practising boxing? 你听说过妇女练拳击吗？ c. 两个以上的有生命名词并列 Do you remember your parents and me telling about this? 你记得你父母和我都告诉过你这事吗？ 三、 动名词作主语、宾语和表语 1、作主语 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。

动名词的用法

动名词的用法 Ⅰ动名词的定义 动名词也是动词的三种非谓语形式（不定式、分词、动名词）中的一种。与分词和不定式一样，它也不能在句子中单独作谓语。动名词具有名词和动词的特征，可以带宾语或状语修饰。在句子中，动名词可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和同位语等。此外，动名词还可以通过加宾语或状语构成动名词短语。 Ⅱ动名词的基本形式 动名词由动词原形加词尾-ing构成，构成与现在分词形式相同。它还有下面几种形式：主动语态被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done Ⅲ动名词的句法功能 动名词在句中起名词的作用，可单独出现或组成短语作主语、表语、宾语、介词的宾语、定语和同位语。 1.作主语 Seeing is believing. Being a teacher was by no means easy.做老师决非易事。 His having left early made everyone feel very disappointed. 他的提前离开使得每个人都非常失望。 It was a nuisance being kept waiting like that.被弄得这样等着真讨厌。 ★○1It was no use/of little use/no good/useless /a waste of time/a waste of money/a great pleasure/fun + doing sth.(it为形式主语) It was no use talking it over with him.跟他讨论此事没有用。 It was no use crying over the spilt milk.覆水难收。（木已成舟，哭也没用） It is of little good staying up too late every day.每天都熬夜没有什么好处。 ○2There was no….结构中只能用动名词，表示禁止和不可能。 There was no smoking in the hall.大厅内禁止吸烟。