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12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题2016年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题

BeingObjectiveonClimateChange

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/191069631.html,stweek，CraigRucker,aclimate-changeskepticandtheexecutivedirectorofanonprofitorganizatio ncalledtheCommitteeforaConstructiveTomorrow(CFACT)，tweetedaquotationsupposedlytakenfroma1922editionoftheWashin gtonPost：

“Withinafewyearsitispredictedduetoicemeltthese awillrise&ma kemostcoastalcitiesuninhabitable.”Theintent，ofcourse，wastopokefunatcurrentheadlinesaboutclimatechange.

B.Rucker’sorganizationisamemberoftheCoolerHeadsCoalitio n，anumbrellaorganizationoperatedbytheCompetitiveEnterpriseIns titute，anonprofitthatpridesitselfonitsoppositiontoenvironmentalist s.Ruckerhimselfispartofanetworkofbloggers，op-cdwriters，andpolicy-shopexecutiveswhoarguethatclimatechangeiseitherahoaxorallex ampleofleft-

winghysteria.Surfacingoldnewspaperclipsisoneoftheirfavorite games.Theyalsomakesubstantiveargumentsaboutclimatepolicy,bu tthesnipingmaybemoreeffective.Thereisnostrongerrhetoricalto olthanridicule.

C.Inthiscase，

Ruckcr’sridiculeseemsmisplaced.Afterspendingafewminutespok ingaroundonline，

1wasabletofindboththeWashingtonPostarticleandthelongerSourC ematerialthatitcamefrom—

aweatherreportissuedbytheU.S.consulinBergen，

Norway,andsenttotheStateDepartmentonoctober10，

1922.Thereportdidn’tsayanythingaboutcoastsbeinginundated.T hisisn’tsurprising.Scientistswetesmartbackthen，

too,andtheyknewthatmeltingseaicew ouldn’tappreciablyraisese alevels.anymorethanameltingicecuberaisesthelevelofwaterinag lass.

D.Ruckerultimatelycorrectedhistweetoncecommenterspointed outthemisquote.ThroughTwitter,heinformedmethathehadtakenthe linefromaWashingtonTimesop—edbyRichardRahn，

aseniorf ellowattheCatoInstitute.WhenIcontactedRahn’soffice .apressrepresentativeacknowledgedthatRahnhadcopiedthequotef romotherbloggersandcolumnists;thefabricatedsentenceappearsi narticlesatreason.cornandtexasgopvote.corn.Thefabricatedlin eseemstohavebeeninsertedaround2011.buttheoriginalarticlehas beencirculatingonlinesince2007.

E.Thestatementaboutrisingsealevelsaside，

1922reallywasastrangeperiodintheSvalbardarchipelago.thearea describedbytheweatherreport.TheislandsliehalfwaybetweenNorw ayandtheNorthPole,atalatitudethatputsthemseveralhundredmile sfarthernorththanBarrow,alaska.“TheArcticseemstobewarmingu p.”thereportread.InAugustofthatyear,ageologistneartheislan dofSpitsbergensailedasfarnorthaseighty-

onedegrees.twenty.nineminutesinice-

freewater.Thiswashighlyunusual.Thepreviousseveralsummershad likewisebeenwarrn.Sealpopulationshadmovedfarthernorth，andformerlyunseenstretchesofcoastwerenowaccessible.

F.Whatarewetotakefromthishistoricalevidence?Acentraltene tforRuckerandhiscolleaguesismattoday’ssea.iceretreat。warmingsurfacetemperatures，andsimilarobservationsareshort-

livedanomaliesofakindthatoftenhappenedinthepast—andthatoverzealousscientistsandgulliblemediaarequicktodrumu pcriseswherenoneexist.Favoriteexamplesincludenumerousnewspa perarticlesfromthenineteen.seventiesthatpredictedtheadvento fanewiceage.Infact.it'spossibletofindarticlesfromnearlyever ydecadeofthepastcenturythatseemtoimplyinformationaboutthecl imatethatturnedouttobeprematureorwrong.

G.The1922articlehasbeenquotedrepeatedlybyRucker’scomrad es-in-

armssinceits2007rebirthintheWashingtonTimes.Fornearlythatlo ng，scientistshavebeenobjecting.GavinSchmidt，aclimatemodelerandthedeputydirectoroftheNASAGoddardInstitut eforSpaceStudies，

pointsoutthatwhatwasananomalyin1922isnowthenorm：thewatersnearSpitsbergenareclearoficeattheendofeverysummer. Moreimportant，long-termtemperatureandsea-icerecordsindicatethatthedramaticsea-iceretreatintheearlynineteen.twentieswasshort-

lived.Italsooccurredlocallyaroundsvalbard—theunusualconditionsdidn’tevenencompassthewholeNorwegianSe a，letalonetherestoftheArctic.

H.0vertheweekend，afterretractinghisprevioustweet，Ruckerpostedalinktoablogitemaboutadifferentarticle.thisonea 1932NewYorkTimesstory.Theeighty-year-oldheadlinereads，“TheNextGreatDelugeForecastByScience：MeltingPolarIceCapstoRaisetheLeveloftheSeasandFloodtheConti nents.”Thatonesoundedjuicy,and，indeed，thistimethetextwascorrect：thatreallyiswhattheheadlinesaid.Ironically,thelcadresearche rcitedinthepiecewasaGermanscientistnamedAlfredWegener,whoha ssometimesbeenconsideredaheroofclimate-changedeniersforacompletelydifferentreason.Wegenerisknownfo

rproposingthephenomenonofcontinentaldriftstartingaroundtheF irstWbridWar,Theideawasridiculedbeforegainingacceptanceinth enineteen-sixties，once

ampleevidencehadbeenamassed.Wegener’slifcstory,then，isusedtosupporttheideathatthesmallnumberofresearchersinthef ieldwhodownplaytheriskofanthropogenicclimatechangewilloneda yprevail.

I.Inreality,thepotentialforanthropogenicglobalwarmingwas beingdiscussedearlierthancontinentaldrift.andtookevenlonger togainwideacceptance.TheversatileProfessorWegenerwasageophy sicistandpolarresearcherwhospentmuchofhiscareerstudyingmete orologyinGreenland，andtryingtounlockthesecretsoftheEarth’spast.Hiselevatedpla ceinthecurrentclimate-changedebateis

abstractedfromhistory.

J.Inanycase，

it’snotclearthatthebloggerslinkingtothe1932art iclereadmuch beyondtheheadline.Thcarticledoesdiscussacollapseoftheiceshe etsthatwouldraisesealevelsbymorethanahundredfeet—butitsaysthateventliesthirtytofortythousandyearsinthefuture .There’snothingwrongwithexaminingoldnewspaperarticlesforcl uesaboutclimateconditionsinthepast.Legitimateclimateresearc herslookathistoricaldocumentsofallkinds.However,agood-faithefforttoarriveatthetruthwouldnotrelyoncherry-pickingcatchyheadlines.Itwouldrequireconsideringthecontexta ndlookingatalltheevidence.Attheveryleast.itwouldn’tal lowfo rdeliberatedistortions.Apredictionthattheicecapsmightmeltby theyear42，000ishardlyallexampleofclimatealarmism.

46.Unlikemeltingiceintheglass，themeltingseaicecannoteasilyraisesealevel.

47.Ruckermaintainsthattheclimate.changeisjustaterriblefa ntasyoftheleft-wingorevenatotallydistrustfulmatter.

48.Itisfairtosearchforeverypieceofevidencetoapproachthet ruthwithoutdistortion.

49.AsforRucker,theclearpurposeoftweetingthisquotationist olaughatthearticlesaboutclimatechange.

50.Thevariousunusualphenomenaaboutclimatechangearemerely non-existalarmsclaimedbythescientistsandmedia，

wouldbeshort-lived.

51.Thedrasticsea-icemeltoccurredaroundSvalbardwasonlylocalandlimited.

52.Itisnormalforthewatersatnorthernlatitude81degrees，

29minutestobecoveredwithice.

53.Itisembracedthatthenumberofclimate-changeresearcherswillbemultipliedoneday.

54.Itisironicfortheleadingfigureofclimate-changeopponentstoquotethispiece.

55.Inreality,theuniversalinformationinarticlesaboutclima techangeiseventuallyprovedtobeunbelievable.

46.Unlikemeltingiceintheglass，themeltingseaicecannoteasilyraisesealevel.与杯中的融冰不同，海中的融冰不会使海面快速升高。

47.Ruckermaintainsthattheclimatechangeisjustaterriblefan tasyoftheleft-wingorevenatotallydistrustfulmatter.洛克认为

气候变化的论点不过是左派的糟糕的幻想，甚至根本就是一个骗局。

48.Itisfairtosearchforeverypieceofevidencetoapproachthet ruthwithoutdistortion.努力寻找证据，真实地靠近真相，这点是

不可争议的

49.AsforRucker,theclearpurposeoftweetingthisquotationist olaughatthearticlesaboutclimatechange.洛克微博这条引语的用

意很明显是在嘲笑有关气候变化的文章。

50.Thevariousunusualphenomenaaboutclimatechangearemerely non.existalarmsclaimedbythescientistsandmedia，

wouldbeshort-lived.各种有关气候变化的非正常现象不过是短暂的，是科学家和媒体所宣称的，本不存在的危言耸听。

51.Thedrasticsea-icemeltoccurredaroundSvalbardwasonlylocalandlimited.发生在

斯瓦尔巴特群岛周围剧烈的海冰融化现象只是局部的。

52.Itisnormalforthewatersatnorthernlatitude81degrees，

29minutestobecoveredwithice.照理说，北纬81度29分的.水域应

该是结冰的。

53.Itisembracedthatthenumberofclimate-changeresearcherswillbemultipliedoneday.终有一天，对气候变

化研究的人员数量会不断增加。

54.Itisironicfortheleadingfigureofclimate-changeopponentstoquotethispiece.作为气候变化反对者的英雄人物，引用这篇文章是很讽刺的。

55.Inreality.theuniversalinformationinarticlesaboutclima techangeiseventuallyprovedtobeunbelievable.事实上，大量关于

气候变化的信息最后都被证实是不可信的。

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