英语泛读复习题

《英语泛读》A卷

学号：姓名：得分

I. Answer the following questions.

1. What is the main idea of Unit 1?

2. What is the main idea of Unit 2?

3. What is Unit 4 about ?

4. How do you interpret the sentence “Buck was beaten but he was not broken”? (p. 95, Unit 6)

5. Name four landmarks of London. (p. 166, Unit 10)

6. What is Unit 12 about?

7. What is the main idea of Unit 14?

II. Translate the following into English

1. 中华人民共和国是1949年成立的。

2 莎士比亚是英国最伟大的诗人之一。

3 有些鸟在迁徙中死去。

4 如果有机会，我想去看看英国首都伦敦。

5 你敢同艾滋病人握手吗？

6 谁也说不准蒙娜丽莎微笑的原因。

7 有人把两箱黄金运到了纽约。

8. 你怎么看“我爸爸是李刚”这句话？

9. 普遍认为，大自然在惩罚人类。

10．我很羡慕背包族的生活。

III. Translate the following into Chinese.

Princess Miserella was a beautiful princess if you counted her eyes and nose and mouth and all the way down to her toes. But inside, where it was hard to see, she was the meanest, wickedest, and most worthless princess around. She liked stepping on dogs. She kicked kittens. She threw pies in the cook’s face. And she never – not even once – said thank you or please. And besides, she told lies.

IV. Choose an answer that has a meaning similar to the underlined word or phrase.

1. In the Big Woods, the snow was beginning to thaw.

A. fall

B. sink

C. melt

D. glow

2. She hung to Ma and sobbed.

A. said to Ma

B. leant against Ma

C. pushed against Ma

D. went to Ma

3. She ate ravenously.

A. very quickly

B. very eagerly

C. very gladly

D. very carefully

4. He was always diligent in his studies.

A. hardworking

B. clever

C. delighted

D. concentrated

5. “I’m going to do costumes,” I said.

A. clean the theater

B. sell tickets

C. play the part of clowns

D. take care of clothes for actors and actresses worn in plays

6. He’s not friendly but he’s not absolutely mean either.

A. completely

B. possibly

C. unpleasantly

D. comparatively

7.It drives me crazy.

A. angry

B. uncomfortable

C. hard

D. mad

8. A greater number is found in other agricultural habitats, and exceeded only in undisturbed tropical forest.

A. homes

B. areas

C. districts

D. habitants

V. Read each of the following statements and determine whether it is true or false. Write “T” if it is true and “F” if it is false.

1. Pa and Ma had only two babies. (Unit 1) __________

2. When Atzel was told that he could be brought back to earth, he believed that someone had sent him to paradise by mistake. (Unit 2) __________

3.In southern Mexico, coffee plantations cover 2.7 million hectares. (Unit 4). __________

4. The end of Unit 6 suggests that Buck didn’t like the work he was doing. _________

VI. Find an antonym for each of the following.

sunset __________ real __________ celebrated __________

hard __________

VII. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

A Dutch woman who reached 115 years of age and remained mentally sharp throughout life also had a healthy brain when she died, a new study finds.

The woman's brain showed almost no evidence of Alzheimer's disease. The finding suggests Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia are not inevitable, as had been suspected.

"Our observations suggest that, in contrast to general belief, the limits of human cognitive function may extend far beyond the range that is currently enjoyed by most individuals," said lead researcher Gert Holstege, a neuroscientist at the University Medical Center Groningen, in The Netherlands.

The results are detailed in the August issue of the journal Neurobiology of Aging.

At age 82, the Dutch woman made arrangements to donate her body to science after death. She contacted Holstege when she reached age 111, worried that her body was too old to be useful for research or teaching purposes. The neuroscientists reassured her that, contrary to her belief, they were particularly interested due to her age.

"She was very enthusiastic about her being important for science," Holstege and his colleagues write in the journal article.

Neurological and psychological examinations were performed when the centenarian was 112 and 113 years old. The results were essentially normal, with no signs of dementia or problems with memory or attention. Her mental performance was above average for adults aged 60 to 75.

When the woman died at age 115, her body was donated to science. Holstege's team found no signs of narrowing of the arteries, called atherosclerosis, and very few brain abnormalities. In fact, the number of brain cells was similar to that expected in healthy people between 60 and 80 years old.

The woman's brain showed little or no evidence of Alzheimer's disease. The neuroscientists found almost no deposits of so-called beta-amyloid, which are characteristic in Alzheimer's brains. The other abnormalities present, including "neurofibrillary tangles," were very mild, and would not have caused significant mental impairment.

Currently, there are more than 80,000 Americans 100 years of age or older, according to the US Census Bureau. That number is expected to rise to more than 580,000 centenarians by 2040.

A recent study of a man who lived to age 114 found a combination of genes and lifestyle play a role in longevity, though the long-life recipe is far from clear.

As the number of people living to age 100 and beyond continues to increase, the researchers say, deterioration of the brain is not inevitable.

1. According to para. 2, what do you know about Alzheimer’s disease?

_________________________________________________________________________________ 2. According to para. 3, what does “general belief” refer to?

_________________________________________________________________________________ 3. When did the Dutch woman make arrangements to donate her body to science after death?

_________________________________________________________________________________ 4. According to para. 5, what is the Dutch woman’s belief?

_________________________________________________________________________________ 5. When did the woman die?

_________________________________________________________________________________ 6. According to the passage, how many people in the US will live to 100 years of age or older by 2040? _________________________________________________________________________________ 7. As people are getting older and older, their brain is definitely becoming worse and worse. Is it true or false?

_________________________________________________________________________________ VIII. Read the following passages and choose the best answer.

passage 1

More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap substantial rewards. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.

It's easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But

even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.

Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it's disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, no t by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.

For example, a certain keypunch(键盘打孔) operator complained of having to stay overtime to punch extra cards. Investigation revealed that the extra cards s he was being asked to punch were for dishonest transactions. In another case, dissatisfied employees of the thief tipped off(向……透露) the company that was being robbed.

Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met.

Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled(耍弄) the most confidential records right under the noses of the company's executives, accountants , and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.

1. It can be concluded from the passage that __________.

A) it is still impossible to detect computer crimes today

B) computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions

C) computer criminals can escape punishment because they can't be detected

D) people commit computer crimes at the request their company

2. It is implied in the third paragraph that __________.

A) many more computer crimes go undetected than are discovered

B) the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problem

C) most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimes

D) most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their bad luck

3. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?

A) A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced.

B) Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information.

C) Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputation

D) Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes.

4. What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught?

A) With a bad reputation they can hardly find another job.

B) They will be denied access to confidential records.

C) They may walk away and easily find another job.

D) They must leave the country or go to jail.

5. The passage is mainly about __________.

A) why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspections.

B) why computer criminals are often able to escape punishment

C) how computer criminals manage to get good recommendation from their former

employers

D) why computer crimes can't be eliminated

passage 2

It is often claimed that nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. W e live in a consumer society where there is an enormous demand for commercial products of all kinds. Moreover, an increase in industrial production is considered to be one solution to the problem of mass unemployment. Such an increase presumes an abundant and cheap energy supply. Many people believe that nuclear energy provides an inexhaustible and economical source of power and that it is therefore essential for an industrially developing society. There are a number of other advantages in the use of nuclear energy. Firstly, nuclear power, except for accidents, is clean. A further advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor represents an enormous step in our scientific evolution and, whatever the anti-nuclear group says, it is wrong to expect a return to more primitive sources of fuel. However, opponents of nuclear energy point out that nuclear power stations bring a direct threat not only to the environment but also to civil liberties.

Furthermore, it is questionable whether ultimately nuclear power is a cheap source of energy. There have, for example, been very costly accidents in America , in Britain and, of course, in Russia. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium(铀) in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions could p rice nuclear power out of the market. In the long run, environmentalists argue, nuclear energy wastes valuable resources and disturbs the ecology to an extent which could bring about the destruction of the human race. Thus, if we wish to survive, we cannot afford nuclear energy. In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy programmes are expanding. Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power.

6. The writer's attitude toward nuclear energy is __________.

A) indifferent B) favorable C) tolerant D) negative

7. According to the opponents of nuclear energy, which of the following is true of

nuclear energy?

A) Primitive B) Exhaustible C) Cheap D) Unsafe

8. Some people claim that nuclear energy is essential because __________ .

A) it provides a perfect solution to mass unemployment

B) it represents an enormous step forward in our scientific evolution

C) it can meet the growing demand of an industrially developing society

D) nuclear power stations can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and

administrative staff

9. Which of the following statements does the writer support?

A) The demand for commercial products will not necessarily keep increasing.

B) Nuclear energy is something we cannot do without.

C) Uranium is a good source of energy for economic and ecological reasons.

D) Greater safety provisions can bring about the expansion of nuclear energy

programmes.

10. The function of the last sentence is to __________.

A) advance the final argument.

B) reflect the writer's attitude.

C) reverse previously expressed thoughts.

D) show the disadvantages of nuclear power.

passage 3

In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.

Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of "trash talk(废话)". The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever - common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society's moral catastrophes (灾难),yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments(困境) of other people's lives.

Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual's quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.

Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the enti re moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.

Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show's main target audience are middle - class Americans. Most of these people have the time. money, and stability to deal with life's tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18 - to 21 - year - olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show's exploitation.

While the two shows are as different as night and day. both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1318272450.html,pared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah

Winfrey are______.

A) more family - oriented B) unusually popular

C) more profound D) relatively formal

2.Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the

audience______.

A) remain fascinated by them B) are ready to face up to them

C) remain indifferent to them D) are willing to get involved in them

3.Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?

A) A new type of robot. B) Racist hatred.

C) Family budget planning. D) Street violence.

4.Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both________.

A) ironical B) sensitive

C) instructive D) cynical

5.We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows_______.

A) have monopolized the talk show circuit

B) exploit the weaknesses in human nature

C) appear at different times of the day

D) are targeted at different audiences

passage 4

To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient

production of goods, and then relied on "persuasive salesmanship" to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money.

Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye - on - the - consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.

This concept does not imply that business is benevolent(慈善的) or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction - the firm and the customer -and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid - 1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non - acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!

6.The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence,_______.

A) the practice of turning goods into money

B) making goods available for purchase

C) the customer - centred approach

D) a form of persuasive salesmanship

7.What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was

widely accepted?

A) The needs of the market. B) The efficiency of production.

C) The satisfaction of the user. D) The preferences of the dealer.

8.According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible” (Lines

3 -

4 ), Para. 1 means “_______”.

A) to sell the largest possible amount of goods

B) to transport goods as efficiently as possible

C) to dispose of these goods in large quantities

D) to redesign these goods for large - scale production

9.What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?

A) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.

B) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.

C) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.

D) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.

10.In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on_______.

A) its main characteristic B) its social impact

C) its possible consequence D) its theoretical basis

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