阅读训练

第二部分：阅读理解（第一节共20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）

第一节：阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

A

From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they don?t know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.

One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now I?m going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that?s enough for me. Also I?m not going to ask you what words mean. “

The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, “Mr. Holt, do you really mean that?” I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it.”

During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk, From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It can?t be,” and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick , in edition with woodcuts. I said, “Don?t you find parts of it rather heavy going?” She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part. ”

This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is—an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book.

41. According to the passage, children?s fear and dislike of books may result from________.

A. reading little and thinking little

B. reading often and adventurously

C. being made to read too much

D. being made to read aloud before others

42. The teacher told his students to read______ .

A. for enjoyment

B. for knowledge

C. for a larger vocabulary

D. for higher scores in exams

43. Upon hearing the teacher?s talk, the children probably felt that________.

A. it sounded stupid

B. it was not surprising at all

C. it sounded too good to be true

D. it was no different from other teachers' talk

44. Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage?

A. She skipped over those easy parts while reading.

B. She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.

C. She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.

D. She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.

45. From the teacher's point of view,_________ .

A. children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while reading

B. children should be left to decide what to read and how to read

C. reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in school

D. reading involves understanding every little piece of information

B

If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars, we would go in darkness happily, the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun?s light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don?t think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it?s the only way to explain what we?ve done to the night: We?ve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.

The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences 一 called light pollution 一 whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. III-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels 一 and light rhythms — to which many forms of life, including ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect or life is affected.

In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark. We?ve grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit night—dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadow on Earth—is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.

We?ve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further form the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.

Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint, including most other creatures, we do need darkness .Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.

Living in a glare of our own making, we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night. In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy—arching overhead.

50. According to the passage, human being .

A. prefer to live in the darkness

B. are used to living in the day light

C. were curious about the midnight world

D. had to stay at home with the light of the moon

51. What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer t o?

A. The night.

B. The moon

C. The sky

D. The planet

52. The writer mentions birds and frogs to .

A. provide examples of animal protection

B. show how light pollution affects animals

C. compare the living habits of both species

D. explain why the number of certain species has declined

53. It is implied in the last paragraph that .

A. light pollution dose harm to the eyesight of animals

B. light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages

C. human beings cannot go to the outer space

D. human beings should reflect on their position in the universe

54. What might be the best title for the passage?

A. The Magic light.

B. The Orange Haze.

C. The Disappearing Night.

D. The Rhythms of Nature.

C

In 2004, when my daughter Becky was ten, she and my husband, Joe, were united in their desire for a dog. As for me, I shared none of their canine lust.

But why, they pleaded. “Because I don?t have time to take care of a dog.” But we?ll do it. “Really? You?re going to walk the dog? Feed the dog? Bathe the dog?” Yes, yes, and yes. “I don?t believe you.” We will. We promise.

They didn?t. From day two (everyone wanted to walk the cute puppy that first day) , neither thought to walk the dog. While I was slow to accept that I would be the one to keep track of her

shots, to schedule her vet appointments, to feed and clean her, Misty knew this on day one. As she looked up at the three new humans in her life (small, medium, and large), she calculated ,”The medium one is the sucker in the pack .”

Quickly, she and I developed something very similar to a Vulcan mind meld (心灵融合) . She?d look at me with those sad brown eyes of hers, beam her need, and then wait, trusting I would understand —which, strangely, I almost always did. In no time, she became my fifth appendage(附肢), snoring on my home-office couch as I worked, cradling against my feet as I read, and splaying across my stomach as I watched television.

Even so, part of me continued to resent walking duty. Joe and Becky had promised. Not fair , I?d balk (不心甘情愿地做) silently as she and I walked . “Not fair, ” I? d loudly remind anyone within earshot upon our return home.

Then one day — January 1, 2007 , to be exact —my husband ? s doctor uttered an unthinkable word: leukemia ( 白血病) .With that, I spent eight to ten hours a day with Joe in the hospital, doing anything and everything I could to ease his discomfort. During those six months of hospitalizations, Becky, 12 at the time, adjusted to other adults being in the house when she returned from school. My work colleagues adjusted to my taking off at a moment's notice for medical emergencies. Every part of my life changed; no part of my old routine remained.

Save one: Misty still needed walking. At the beginning, when friends offered to take her through her paces, I declined because I knew they had their own households to deal with.

As the months went by, I began to realize that I actually wanted to walk Misty. The walk in the morning before I headed to the hospital was a quiet, peaceful time to gather my thoughts or to just be before the day's medical drama unfolded. The evening walk was a time to shake off the day's upsets and let the worry tracks in my head go to white noise.

When serious illness visits your household, it's not just your daily routine and your assumptions about the future that are no longer familiar. Pretty much everyone you know acts differently.

Not Misty. Take her for a walk, and she had no interest in Joe's blood counts or bone marrow test results. On the street or in the park, she had only one thing on her mind: squirrels! She was so joyous that even on the worst days, she could make me smile. On a daily basis, she reminded me that life goes on.

After Joe died in 2009, Misty slept on his pillow.

I'm grateful一to a point. The truth is, after years of balking, I've come to enjoy my walks with Misty. As I watch her chase after a squirrel, throwing her whole being into the here-and-now of an exercise that has never once ended in victory, she reminds me, too, that no matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future , there's almost always some measure of joy to be extracted from the moment.

55. Why didn't the writer agree to raise a dog at the beginning of the story?

A. She was afraid the dog would get the family into trouble.

B. It would be her business to take care of the dog.

C. Her husband and daughter were united as one.

D. She didn't want to spoil her daughter.

56. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to "The medium one is the sucker in the pack.” (Paragraph 3)?

A. “The middle-aged person loves me most.”

B. “The medium-sized woman is the hostess.”

C. “The man in the middle is the one who has the final say.”

D. “The woman is the kind and trustworthy one in the family.”

57. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that_______.

A. Misty was quite clever

B. Misty could solve math problems

C. the writer was a slow learner

D. no one walked Misty the first day

58. The story came to its turning point when________.

A. Joe died in 2009

B. Joe fell ill in 2007

C. the writer began to walk the dog

D. the dog tried to please the writer

59. Why did the writer continue to walk Misty while Joe was in hospital?

A. Misty couldn?t live without her

B. Her friends didn?t offer any help

C. The walk provided her with spiritual comfort.

D. She didn't want Misty to be others companion.

60. What is the message the writer wants to convey in the passage?

A. One should learn to enjoy hard times.

B .A disaster can change everything in life.

C. Moments of joy suggest that there is still hope ahead.

D. People will change their attitude toward you when you are in difficulty.

第二部分阅读理解（第一节20小题，第二节5小题，满分50分）

第一节：阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

A

Wealth starts with a goal saving a dollar at a time. Call it the piggy bank strategy(策略). There are lessons in that time-honored coin-saving container.

Any huge task seems easier when reduced to baby steps. I f you wished to climb a 12,000-foot mountain, and could do it a day at a time, you would only have to climb 33 feet daily to reach the top in a year. If you want to take a really nice trip in 10 years for a special occasion, to collect the $15,000 cost, you have to save $3.93 a day. If you drop that into a piggy bank and then once a

year put $1,434 in a savings account at 1% interest rate after-tax, you will have your trip money.

When I was a child, my parents gave me a piggy bank to teach me that, if I wanted something, I should save money to buy it. We associate piggy banks with children, but in many countries, the little containers are also popular with adults. Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign of good fortune and wealth. Arou nd the world, many believe a gift of a piggy bank on New Year?s Day brings good luck and financial success. Ah, but you have to put something in it.

Why is a pig used as a symbol of saving? Why not an elephant bank, which is bigger and holds more coins? In the Middle Ages, before modern banking and credit instruments, people saved money at home, a few coins at a time dropped into a jar or dish. Potters(制陶工) made these inexpensive containers from an orange-colored clay(黏土) called “pygg,” and folks saved c oins in pygg jars.The Middle English word

for pig was “pigge”. While the Saxons pronounced pygg, referring to the clay, as “pug”, eventually the two words changed into the same pronunciation, sounding the “i” as in pig or piggy. As the word became less associated with the orange clay and more with the animal, a clever potter fashioned a pygg jar in the shape of a pig, delighting children and adults. The piggy bank was born.

Originally you had to break the bank to get to the money, bringing in a sense of seriousness into savings. While piggy banks teach children the wisdom of saving, adults often need to relearn childhood lessons. Think about the things in life that require large amounts of money--- college education, weddings, cars, medical care, starting a business, buying a home, and fun stuff like great trips. So when you have money, take off the top 10%, put it aside, save and invest wisely.

41. What is the piggy bank strategy?

A. Paying 1% income tax at a time.

B. Setting a goal before making a travel plan.

C. Aiming high even when doing small things.

D. Putting aside a little money regularly for future use.

42.Why did the writer?s parents give him a piggy bank as a gift?

A. To delight him with the latest fashion.

B. To encourage him to climb mountains.

C. To help him form the habit of saving.

D. To teach him English pronunciation.

43. What does then underlined word “something”(Paragraph 3) most probably refer to?

A. Money

B. Gifts

C. Financial success

D. Good luck

44. The piggy ban originally was _________.

A. a potter?s instrument

B. a cheap clay container

C. an animal-shaped dish

D. a pig-like toy for children

45. The last paragraph talks about ________.

A. the seriousness of educating children

B. the enjoyment of taking a great trip

C. the importance of managing money

D. the difficulty of starting a business

B

Here is some must-know information from a handbook on how people behave in doing business in some countries.

In Brazil

Brazilians are warm and friendly. They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder. People often greet each other (particularly women) with

light cheek kisses. Schedules tend to be flexible, with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned. But to be safe, be on time. Meals can stretch for hours—there?s no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil. Lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon. Brazilians are social, preferring face-to-face communication over mails or phone calls.

In Singapore

Singaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small, polite bow. Business cards should be offered and received with two hands. Arriving late is considered disrespectful. So be on time. Efficiency(效率) is the goal, so meetings and dealings often are fast-paced. Singaporeans are direct in their discussions, even when the subject is about money. Rank is important and authority is respected. This determines both people interact in meetings. For example, people avoid disagreeing outright with someone with a higher rank.

In the United Arab Emirates

In the UAE, status is important, so the most senior or oldest should be greeted first with their titles. The handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere. So, do not pull away the handshake. Women should cover themselves when it comes to dress. Men also tend to be covered from neck to elbows(肘部) and down to the knees. People do not avoid entertaining in their homes, but they also hold business meals at restaurants. Touching or passing food or eating with your left hand is to be avoided. When meetings are one-to-one, if your host offers you coffee, you should refuse. It might seem odd, but it is a cultural tradition. Coffee should only be accepted if it is always set out or presented.

In Switzerland

The Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by last name. They also are respectful of private lives. You should be careful not to ask about personal topics. Punctuality (守时) is vital, something that comes from a deep respect for others? time. Arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe. They also have clear structure in their companies. Higher-ups make the final decisions, even if others might disagree. Neat, clean dress is expected. The Swiss follow formal table manners. They also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off the table. It is polite to finish the food on your plate.

46. The passage is mainly about ________.

A. communication types

B. the workplace atmosphere

C. customs and social manners

D. living conditions and standards

47. Why do Singaporeans avoid arguing with their boss?

A. They put efficiency in the first place.

B. They dislike face-to-face communication.

C. They want to finish meetings as quickly as possible.

D. They are supposed to obey the person of a higher rank.

48. In the UAE, when should you refuse the coffee if it is offered?

A. When greeting seniors.

B. When meeting the host alone.

C. When attending a presentation.

D.When dining with business partners.

49. In which country do people care about where to put their hands at the dinner table?

A. In Brazil.

B. In Singapore.

C. In the United Arab Emirate.

D. In Switzerland.

C

Last summer, two nineteenth-century cottages were rescued from remote farm fields in

Montana, to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco. The houses were made of wood. These cottages once housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil; now they hold Twitter engineers.

The cottages could be an example of the industry? s odd love affair with “low technology,” a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship (手艺) that exists long before the Internet era. Low technology is not virtual (虚拟的) —so, to take advantage of it, Internet companies have had to get creative. The rescued wood cottages, fitted by hand in the late eighteen-hundreds, are an obvious example, but Twitter?s designs lie on the extreme end. Other companies are using a broader interpretation (阐释) of low technology that focuses on nature.

Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with t rees, so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural, park-like setting.” At Google?s office, an entire floor is carpeted in glass. Facebook?s second Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking trail.

Olle Lundberg, the founder of Lundberg Design, has worked with many tech companies over the years. “We have lost the connection to the maker in our lives, and our tech engineers are the ones who feel impoverished (贫乏的) , because they?re surrounded by the digital world,” he says. “They?re looking for a way to regain their individual identity, and we?ve found that introducing real crafts is one way to do that.”

This craft based theory is rooted in history, William Morris, the English artist and writer, turned back to pre-industrial arts in the eighteen-sixties, just after the Industrial Revolution. The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines. “Without creative human occupation, people became disconn ected from life,” Morris said.

Research has shown that natural environments can restore(恢复) our mental capacities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe,” taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.

These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplvin, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environment. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office—even simple views of trees and flowers—felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying. If low-tech offices can potentially nourish the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages.

50. The writer mentions the two nineteenth-century cottages to show that ________.

A. Twitter is having a hard time

B. old cottages are in need of protection

C. early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in Montana

D. Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology

51. Low technology is regarded as something that _______.

A.is related to nature

B. is out of date today

C. consumes too much energy

D. exists in the virtual world

52. The main idea of Paragraph 5 is that human beings ________.

A. have destroyed many pre-industrial arts

B. have a tradition of valuing arts and crafts

C. can become intelligent by learning history

D. can regain their individual identity by using machines

53.The writer?s attitude to “low technology” can best be described as ________.

A. positive

B. defensive

C. cautious

D. doubtful

54. What might be the best title for the passage?

A. Past Glories, Future Dreams

B. The Virtual World, the Real Challenge

C. High-tech Companies, Low-tech Offices

D. The More Craftsmanship, the Less Creativity

D

A city child?s summer is spent in the street in front of his home, and all through the long summer vacations I sat on the edge of the street and watched enviously the other boys on the block play baseball. I was never asked to take part even when one team had a member missing—not out of special cruelty, but because they took it for granted I would be no good at it. They were right, of course.

I would never forget the wonderful evening when something changed. The baseball ended about eight or eight thirty when it grew dark. Then it was the custom of the boys to retire to a little stoop(门廊) that stuck out from the candy store on the corner and that somehow had become theirs. No grownup ever sat there or attempted to. There the boys would sit, mostly talking about the games played during the day and of the game to be played tomorrow. Then long silences would fall and the boys would wander off one by one. It was just after one of those long silences that my life as an outsider changed. I can no longer remember which boy it was that summer evening who broke the silence with a question: but whoever he was, I nod to him gratefully now. “What?s in those books you?re always reading?” he asked casually. “Stories,” I answered. “What kind?” asked somebody else without much interest.

Nor do I know what drove me to behave as I did,for usually I just sat there in silence, glad enough to be allowed to reain among them; but instead of answering his question, I told them for two hours the story I was reading at the moment. The book was Sister Carrie. They listened bug-eyed and breathless. I must have told it well, but I think there was another and deeper reason that made them to keep an audience. Listening to a tale being told in the dark is one of the most ancient of man?s entertainments, but I was offering them as well, without being aware of doing it, a new and exciting experience.

The books they themselves read were the Rover Boys or Tom Swift or G.A.Henty. I had read them too, but at thirteen I had long since left them behind. Since I was much alone I had become an enthusiastic reader and I had gone through the books-for-boys series. In those days there was no reading material between children?s and grownups?books or I could find none. I had gone right from Tome Swift and His Flying Machine to Theodore Dreiser and Sister Carrie. Dreiser had hit my young mind, and they listened to me tell the story with some of the wonder that I had had in reading it.

The next night and many nights thereafter, a kind of unspoken ritual (仪式) took place. As it grew dark, I would take my place in the center of the stoop and begin the evening?s tale. Some nights, in order to taste my victory more completely, I cheated. I would stop at the most exciting part of a story by Jack London or Bret Harte, and without warning tell them that that was as far as I had gone in the book and it would have to be continued the following evening. It was not true, of course; but I had to make certain of my new-found power and position. I enjoyed the long summer evenings until school began in the fall. Other words of mine have been listened to by larger and more fashionable audiences, but for that tough and athletic one that sat close on the stoop outside

the candy store, I have an unreasoning love that will last forever.

55. Watching the boys playing baseball, the writer must have felt ________.

A. bitter and lonely

B. special and different

C. pleased and excited

D. disturbed and annoyed

56. The writer feels grateful even now to the boy who asked the question because the boy ________.

A. invited him to join in their game

B. liked the book that he was reading

C. broke the long silence of that summer evening

D. offered him an opportunity that changed his life

57. According to Paragraph 3, story-telling was popular among the boys basically because ________.

A. the story was from a children?s book

B. listening to tales was an age-old practice

C. the boys had few entertainments after dark

D. the boys didn?t read books by themselves

58.The boys were attracted to Sister Carrie because ________.

A. it was written by Theodore Dreiser

B. it was specifically targeted at boys

C. it gave them a deeper feeling of pleasure

D. it talked about the wonders of the world

59. Sometimes the writer stopped at the most exciting part of a story to _______.

A. play a mean trick on the boys

B. experience more joy of achievement

C. add his own imagination to the story

D. help the boys understand the story better

60. What is the message conveyed in the story?

A. One can find his position in life in his own way.

B. Friendship is built upon respect for each other.

C. Reading is more important than playing games.

D. Adult habits are developed from childhood.

第二节：下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句（第61—65题）。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出适合各段落的首句，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. Be a good listener.

B. Care about the details.

C. Strike up a conversation.

D. Make time for friendships.

E. Reach out to the newcomers.

F. Avoid causing inconveniences

Develop Better Relationships with Neighbors

Good neighbors are a lot like electricity or running water：we don?t know how much we depend on them until we don?t have them. They make our lives more pleasant and give us a sense of who we wrte, both as an individual and as a member of the community. Here …s how to develop your relationships with these very important people in your life.

61._________ Often neighbors don?t even know each other?s names. But it?s okay to be the one to break the ice , even if you?ve lived next door for years. Most neighbors enjoy making small talk with the folks on the other side of the fence. So as you see them at work in their yards, smile, wave, and say hello. Ask how their kids are (whether they?re babies or in college), whether they

could use an extra cucumber from your garden, or what they think of the price at the local supermarket.

62._________ These days, the old Welcome Wagon is a thing of the past. But your new neighbors may be feeling lonely and unsure, especially if they?re far from home, and might appreciate a friendly face bearing fresh-baked chocolate cakes. If they have kids, tell them where the children in the neighborhood live. Recommend the best places to eat and sleep. Invite them over for coffee or tea when they get settled, give them your number, and point to your house as you say good-bye.

63.__________ Return anything that you borrow from a neighbor, such as tools, in good repair and as soon as you?ve finished with them. Replace anything that belongs to your neighbor that you, your children, or your pets break or soil. Make sure that your car is not blocking their doorway. Such random acts of consideration will have your neighbors talking — and the talk will be good.

64.__________ If you value a friendship with your neighbors, spend time with them. What better way to meet your neighbors than to invite them to an informal barbecue, pool party, or holiday open house? Better yet, you might even consider throwing a get-together in their honor. Deliver the invitations in person to everyone who lives on your street and chat with each for five minutes before moving on to the next house. This way, you will get an idea of what your neighbors are like so that you can plan for appropriate food and music.

65.___________ In a good relationship, it?s really the little things that count. Help to bring in the mail for the elderly neighbor when there is a heavy rain. When your neighbor gorgets to take in his rubbish cans, roll them back into his yard. If you?re truly concerned, you?l l know when your neighbor needs some cheering up —a bunch of flowers or a helping hand when it?s nee ded. All it takes to develop your relationship with neighbors is the respect for their feelings.

阅读题答题技巧：

1.阅读题的特征

首先，只有一个选项（比如选项A）与原文一致，其余三个选项与原文不一致。

其次，四个选项都没错，但是只有一个选项（比如选项A）比其他选项更好一些。

然后，四个选项都与原文不一致，但是只有一个选项（比如选项A）相对要好一些。

注意：高考题中，简单题目多为第一种情况，较难题目属于后两种情况。

2.具体题型讲解:

高考题中，简单题目属于细节题：原文明确告诉你，即在文中找到具体语句；防止陷阱（数字、多少、比较）

对于后两种情况的具体解题思路：

（1）不要试图从原文去“得到”答案，而是应该采用选项比较，找出相对最好的答案。（2）原文的作用：首先，很容易的告诉你那个选项是肯定不对的-----与原文一点关系都没有的选项，肯定不对，排除掉。

其次，能告诉你哪些选项可能正确----部分意思与原文沾边的选项，留下了比较。

最后，答案是通过对比，比较得来的，对比留下的选项中相对最好，而不是对比每个选项。

（3）就最后两点谈一下阅读选项的“比较原则”

A.main idea 题型和title题型，选项比较原则和逆推原则和A推B原则和词义褒贬及语

境

B.A推B原则：如果A选项能够证明B选项成立，那么证明B比A 好，以此类推，直

接得出答案。（该原则只能用在几个选项有共同点，且选项与原文都沾边，较难排除的情况）

C.Imply推断题型/true or false题型，适用虚实原则：原文的原句一定不选；答案中描述

的范围越大，表达的越虚幻，则更加正确，因为英语表达中的越实在，即使和原文语句一模一样，也难以避免描述片面的问题。

D.注意修饰限定词：some of、any，all，no one，everywhere等等，防止以偏概全

（4）划线部分，指代问题，同义词替换题型，分清段落结构（总分总-分总），联系上下文。

3.看例题，体会领悟

例1：this passage is mainly about----

A. Teacher of the Year 2004 in the United States (描述一个老师)

B. Ms Mellor?s English teaching instruction (她的教学方法)

C Ms Mellor?s teaching skill of learning English(她的教学技巧)

D praises to Ms Mellor from other teachers(她得到其他老师的表扬)

例2：what?s the title of the passage-----

A. how to use humor

B. humor used in speech

C. different methods of humor

D. Human beings

例3：the text is probably written by-----

A. a specialist in teenager studies

B. a headmaster of a middle school

C. a parent with teenage children

D. a doctor for mental health problems

1.arrived https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2042837.html,rgest 68.grow 69. thousand

2.writers 71.fifteen 72. However 7

3.easily

3.saw 75.then https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2042837.html,k 77.habits

78.become 79.sure 80.join .

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如：《桂林山水》一文的第一句话。 2、分部分认真阅读，了解每一部分主要讲什么，然后把各部分的主要意思连起来，就抓住了课文的主要内容。 如：《普罗米修斯》本文就是写普罗米修斯为了解除人类没有火种的困苦，不惜触犯天规，勇敢地盗取天火，从而给人类带来光明和智慧，并与宙斯进行不屈不挠斗争的动人传说。 3、抓住过渡句来归纳主要内容。 4抓住主要标题来归纳主要内容。 第五关：腾空：怎样体会文章表达的思想感情？ 1、结合文章主要内容。 如：《桂林山水》，我感受到了桂林的山是多么的奇秀险，桂林的水是多么的静清绿啊！ 2、善于分析人物语言、动作、心理描写，学习人物品质。 如：《小英雄雨来》，我知道了雨来是一个机智勇敢，热爱祖国的人。 3、找关键词语、抓住重点句、读文章想画面、联系生活实际、分析标点符号等方法设身处地去读、去想，能更好地体会文章的思想感情 三、闯关成功，请同学美美的读故事，展示学习本领。 一棵树上的两种果实 有两户人家相邻而居，以院墙相隔，墙东栽了一棵石榴，墙西栽了一棵樱桃。开花时节，姹紫嫣红，分．（fēn fèn）外妖娆。两家人经常坐在树下乘凉、吃饭， 因为有了两棵树，他们的生活五彩缤纷。 时间久了，两棵树的枝条开始向外生长，逐渐蔓过了院墙的界限，石榴的枝条跑向了墙西，而樱桃的枝条也悄．（qiāo qiǎo）无声息地伸向了东邻。 又到了开花时节。东家开始给石榴打药了，因为石榴树上生了许多的虫子。他给石榴打完药，仔细观察了一番，竟然发现樱桃蔓过来的枝条上也有害虫。他想了想，觉．（jué jiào）得这可能是因为自家的石榴引起的。于是，他重．（chónɡ zh ònɡ）新配了药，沿着蔓过来的枝条将药打在樱桃枝上。过了几天，他竟发现所有的害虫消灭得无影无踪。他感到很快乐。 一场大风后，残花遍地，西家人动手给樱桃破损的枝条进行了捆绑。捆绑完时，突然发现越过院墙的石榴也是体无完肤，他想，东家的主人可能出差了，要是几天不回来，石榴就会错过花期。他想着想着就动起手来，也将石榴的残枝进

课内阅读训练题

部编版三年级语文上册课内阅读试题 （一）铺满金色巴掌的水泥道 一夜秋风，一夜秋雨。 我背着书包上学去的时候，天开始放晴了。 啊！多么明朗的天空。 可是，地面上还是潮湿的，时时还能看见一个个亮晶晶的水塘，映着一角小小的蓝天。 道两旁的法国梧桐树，掉下了一张张金黄金黄的叶子。这一张张闪着雨珠的叶子，一掉下来，便被紧紧地粘在湿漉漉的水泥道上。 我走在院墙外的水泥道上。 水泥道像铺上了一块彩色的地毯，这是一块印着落叶图案的，闪闪发光的地毯，从脚下一直铺到很远很远的地方，一直到路的尽头…… 每一片法国梧桐树的落叶，都像一个金色的小巴掌，熨帖地、平展地粘在水泥道上。它们排列得并不规则，甚至有些凌乱。然而，这更增添了水泥道的美。 我一步一步小心地走着，我一张一张仔细地数着。我穿着一双棕红色的小雨靴。你瞧，这多像两只棕红色的小鸟，在秋天里变得金黄的叶丛间，愉快地欢跳着、歌唱着…… 要是不怕上课迟到，我会走得很慢、很慢的。 一夜秋风，一夜秋雨。 当我背着书包上学的时候，我第一次觉得，门前的水泥道真美啊！ 1、根据短文内容填空。 水泥道像______________________________________。 梧桐树的落叶像________________________________。 棕红色的小雨靴像________________________________。 2、照样子写词语。 （）的水泥道（）的水塘 （）的麦苗（）的树叶 3、从哪里可以看出门前水泥道的美？在短文中用“—”画出相关的句子。

（二）秋天的雨 秋天的雨是一把钥匙（yào shi）。它带着清凉和温柔，轻轻地，轻轻地，趁（chèn）你没留意，把秋天的大门打开。 秋天的雨，有一盒五彩缤（bīn）纷的颜料。你看，它把黄色给了银杏树，黄黄的叶子像一把把小扇子；它把红色给了枫树，火红的枫叶像一枚枚邮票；它把金色给了田野，看田野像金色的海洋。 秋天的雨，藏着非常好闻的气味。梨香香的，菠萝甜甜的，还有苹果、橘子，多好多甜的气味，都躲在小水滴里！小朋友的脚常被那香味勾住。 秋天的雨，吹起了金色的小喇叭，它告诉大家，冬天快要来了。小喜鹊衔来树枝造房子，小松鼠找来松果当粮食，小青蛙在加紧挖洞，准备舒舒服服地睡大觉。松柏穿上厚厚的、油亮亮的衣裳，杨树、柳树的叶子飘到树***脚下。它们都在准备过冬了。 秋天的雨，带给大地的是一曲丰收的歌，带给小朋友的是一首欢乐的歌。 1．填上合适的词语。（可以不是文章中的） （）的雨滴（）的雨滴 （）的歌（）的歌 （）的气味（）的气味 2.结合课文内容写出“五彩缤纷”一词的意思：（），与它相近的词语有（）。 3．秋天的雨还可能是什么，请发挥想象写一段话。

阅读训练四

In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the early postwar era, there was a quite widespread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons may be pushed, or that a computer may simply malfunction. Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone awry. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills. 1.What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To look back to the early days of computers. B. To explain what technical problems may occur with computers. C. To discourage unnecessary investment in computers. D. To warn against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers. 2.According to the passage, initial concerns about computers were that they might_____ A. lead us into the post-war era B. be quite widespread C. take control D. take over routine tasks 3.The passage recommends those dealing with computers to_____ A. be reasonably skeptical abort them B. check all their answers C. substitute them for basic thinking D. use them for business purposes only 4.An “internal computer” is_____ A. a computer uses exclusively by one company for its own problems B. a person’s store of knowledge and the ability to process it C. the most up-to-date in-house computer a company can buy D. a computer from the post-war era which is very reliable 5.The passage suggests that the present-day problem with regard to computers is_____ A. challenging B. psychological C. dramatic D. malfunctioning

四年级阅读训练含答案完整版

四年级阅读训练含答案 HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】

告诉妈妈，我爱她 连续三个星期，约翰一直忙着拜访客户。母亲节快到了，过去他总要在这一天回到母亲身边，向她送上(衷心忠心)的祝福，但是今年他实在太累了。一天，他驱车路过一家花店时，心想：“给妈妈送上几枝玫瑰（guī gui）不就行了”他大步流星地走进那家小小的花店，只见一个小男孩问店主：“阿姨，6美元能买多少玫瑰”店主对他说：“玫瑰价格太高，不如买康乃馨。” □不□我就要玫瑰□他说□妈妈去年得了一场大病□我却没能在她床前尽孝□所以□我希望选个不同寻常的礼物□看来玫瑰最合适□因为那是她最喜欢的花□男孩态度坚决□ 店主抬眼瞧了一下约翰，继而无奈地摇摇头。可是，男孩的话打动了约翰心灵深处的某种东西。他看着店主，用口形默示他愿意替男孩付清玫瑰花的钱。这下店主放心了，她注视着男孩说：“得，你的6美元能买一打玫瑰。”男孩听罢高兴得差点跳起来。他接过玫瑰直奔（bèn bēn）店外，却不知道约翰为他垫付了35美元。看到男孩如愿以偿，约翰心里同样甜滋滋的。 约翰也在这家花店为妈妈订了鲜花，并再三嘱咐店主送花时务必附上一张纸条，告诉妈妈他是多么爱她。之后他乐呵呵地离开了花店。在距花店大约两个街区的地方，他遇到了红灯。这时，他看到男孩正沿着人行道向前疾走，最终跨过马路从两扇大门进了一座公园——不！突然，他意识到那不是公园，而是公墓。 约翰心血来潮□把车停在路边□开始步行顺着篱笆追赶男孩□他跟男孩只差30步□男孩在一座墓碑前停下□跪在地上□小心翼翼地把玫瑰花摆好□接着便抽泣不止□男孩边哭边说□妈妈呀□妈妈□，我真后悔□没告诉你我是怎样爱你□上帝啊□请你找到我妈妈□对她说我爱她□ 约翰转过身，泪水像涌泉一般流出眼眶。他返回汽车，快速赶回花店，告诉店主他将亲自把鲜花送给母亲。 1、划去括号中不恰当的字或音节。 2、在□中填上合适的标点符号。 2、联系上下文，解释下列词语的意思。 如愿以偿：

阅读能力训练及答案.doc

阅读能力训练及答案 姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________ 一、现代文阅读（共2题） 1. 酒 事 于德北 17岁那年,我离开了学校,走上了社会.我父亲是一个古板而严谨的人,他当时是一家报纸的副总编,在人群里总有点面子,特别希望我能去一家好一点的高中重读.我生来就倔 ,小事还犹豫,大事从来是一去不回头.当时,我外语不好,数学不好,考上大学的希望十分渺茫,所以,我毅然选择离家,到外面的世界去漂泊. 我曾在一个建筑工地当力工。 力工的活苦，没技术，让人瞧不起。不像钢筋工、架子工、木工、电工那么气派，受人尊敬。力工像杂役，什么地方缺人都得顶上。 心中就苦闷。 苦闷也没有办法，因为，这毕竟上自己的选择。 那年夏天，雨水大，工期被耽误了，大家都很着急。有一天，我被分到李师傅带的混凝土班，跟着大家打立柱。一天的任务是11根立柱，打到下午的时候，云彩就来了。李师傅抬头看看天，凭空叫了一句：“爷儿几个，加把劲，抢雨前干完了，我管酒。” 我知道这个李师傅，他是建筑公司的劳模。他有一个疯老婆，已经疯了三十几年，但三十几年里，李师傅从来没让她磕着、碰着，从来没让他弄脏了衣服，从来没让他走失过。 谁也不知道他是怎么做到的。 李师傅有一个女儿，刚刚上大学，李师傅的负担不轻，平日里花钱节省人人尽知。 “真管酒？”有人问。 “管！” 李师傅平时是一个话语极少的人，他这一喊，有一点一诺千金的意思，身边的人陡然增了一股劲，硬是抢在倾盆大雨下来之前，把立柱打完了。 酒、肉都有价，酒是9毛钱一斤，肉是8毛钱一盘。 六个人，围坐在工棚里，大呼小叫地吃开了。 我不会喝酒，自然往后挪挪身子，我感到有点冷。这时，一只粗糙的大手扶住了我的后背，并用力地往回拢了拢。 是李师傅。 他把发乌的饭盒递到我眼前，说：“啁一口。” 我摇了摇头。 “啁一口。” 语气是命令似的。 我接过饭盒盖，抿了一口里边的白酒，顿时被呛得咳嗽起来。 李师傅拍了拍我的后背，鼓励说：“再啁一口。”

三下课内阅读练习

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阅读能力训练浅谈 阅读，是人们最基本的学习活动。中学生经过一定的阅读训练，能学到知识，发展智力，掌握技能，养成习惯，最终形成认读、鉴赏、评价等阅读能力。 中学阶段的阅读能力训练方式多种多样，常用的主要有朗读、默读、精读、略读等四种方式。 1、朗读。朗读就是声音清楚、响亮地读。这是将书面语言有声化，用声音再现出语言文字中所蕴含的思想感情的一种阅读方式，也是眼、脑、口、耳共同参与、协同活动的一种阅读方式。 朗读能增强学生的语感，从而更好地帮助学生理解课文的内容，还能陶冶学生的性情，培养学生高尚的审美情趣。 朗读训练一般可分为三个步骤。第一步：组织学生认真听好示范性朗读的录音。第二步：严格训练读音。要求发音准确、吐字清晰，包括声、韵、调要正确清楚，音节界限要分明。第三步，运用一些表达的技巧，如恰当地处理重音，注意运用好停顿和连读，正确把握好语气和语调等等。 在朗读训练中，教师的指导十分重要，教师的指导通常表现在两个方面。一个方面是自己的示范朗读。示范朗读须在充分准备的基础上进行，方能收到良好的效果。因此，教师要反复揣摩、钻研教材，以能恰如其分地传达出课文蕴藏的深刻含义和丰富感情；在示范朗读时要尽力做到吐字清晰、发音准确、感情处理恰当；还要向学生作些提示、讲解，并让学生带着问题听读，这样有利于使学生集中注意力，提高听读的效率。另一个方面是辅导学生朗读。辅导学生朗读，十分重要的一点，是要让学生了解作者所处的社会环境和时代背景，研究作者的写作意图，进而理解

课文的内容，正确把握课文的思想感情。让学生在理解的基础上朗读，进而再指点方法、授以技巧，这样容易取得辅导朗读的较好的效果。 2、默读。默读是一种不出声的读，也称“心读”，这是中学生获取知识的最实用、最有价值的阅读方式。中学生在学习、工作和生活中往往会接触到各种各样的文字材料，如果只能使用朗读一种阅读方式，将会是十分不方便的，因而中学生一定要学会默读。 默读有别于朗读，默读时，当眼睛感知文字符号后，由视神经传导到大脑，大脑直接进行思维活动，默读省去了口的发声和耳的监听，所以大大提高了阅读的速度。一些专家的研究证明，大多数读者的默读速度几乎比快速朗读还快两倍。在当今信息猛增的时代，默读的作用是显而易见的。 进行默读训练，培养学生养成良好的默读习惯，有效地提高默读质量，应注意以下三点：第一，默读时必须要求学生全神贯注。第二，默读时教师要加强巡视，帮助学生纠正唇动而轻轻发声、以手指读的不良习惯，应提高眼睛的扫瞄速度，减少眼停的时间，使大脑对文字的感知迅速变为对内容的领会。第三，默读时教师还应指导学生动手做些书头笔记，即在特定的地方做上勾、点、圈、划的符号，加上些注释、点评，等等。 应该说，默读比朗读更实用，适用面更广，中学生的课内外阅读，一般都应以默读为主，尤其是对科技著作、理论性文章和长篇作品，更有必要采用默读的方式。默读还有助于对内容的理解与思考，因为朗读一般是一读而过，印象较为肤浅，而默读可以反复地看，纵横阅览，驻足揣摩，这样就能比较深入地理解读