初中英语定语从句关系代词和关系副词

定语从句讲解及练习

一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

如:1) The man who lives next to uS s a policema n.

2) You must do everyth ing that I do.

上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句

放在先行词的后面。

引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who,所有格whose)和关系

畐寸词 where, when、why

关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当

一个成分

二、关系代词引导的定语从句

1. who指人，在从句中做主语

(1) The boys who are playing footbai a re from Class One.

(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way

女口果先行词是 anyone, an ybody, every one, everybody, some one, somebod 关

系代词应该用

who 或 whom. 例: Is there anyone here who will go with you?

2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about

注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys which 在句子中做主语)

(2) This is the pen(which) he bought yesterday；which 在句子中做宾语)

4. that指人时，相当于 who或者whom ;指物时，相当于 which

在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.在句子中做主语)

(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning 在句子中做宾语)

具体使用时还要注意下列问题：1,只能使用that,不用which的情况：

(1)先行词是 all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如：All that he said is true.

⑵先行词被 only, no, any, al等词修饰时。例如： He is the only foreigner that has bee n to that place.

⑶先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：He was the seco nd (pers on) that told me the secret.

⑷先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。This is the best book (that) I have read this year.

⑸先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：He talked about the people and the things he remembered.

2,只用which不用that的情况：

(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如： The boy,who is good at soccer,comes from Xin jia ng.

That n ecklace,which you gave me as a prese nt,was lost yesterday.

非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行

词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year查理史密斯去年退休

了，他曾经是我的老师。(非限)

There is somebody here who wants to speak to yoi这里有人要和你说话(限制性)

(4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所

表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语

或表语，多数情况下意思是与 and this相似，并可以指人。例如：

He did very well in the competiti on, which made his pare nts very happy. (5) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体

中的各个成员，则用who。

5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

(1) He has a frie nd whose father is a docto r

(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in

whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替

(3)The classroom whose door is brokei will soon be repaired.

=The classroom the door of which is broke will soon be repaired.

(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow

=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow

6. when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：I'll never forget the time when we worked on the farm. He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.

7. where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：This is the house where we lived last year. The factory where his father works is in the east of the city

8. "介词+关系代词"是一个普遍使用的结构。

(1)"介词+关系代词"可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。"介词+关系代词"结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without等，关系代词只可用whom或which,不可用that 。

例:Is that the house in which you live ?

关系代词whom， which在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，女口： That was the room in which we had lived for

ten years. = That was the room which we had lived irfi or ten years.像listen to, look at, take care o等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.

热身练习请分析一下定语从句：(请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)

1. Check the ways you study for an En glish test.

2. Ano ther thi ng that I found very difficult was En glish grammar.

3. You could n'u ndersta nd people who talked fast.

4. I have some ideas that may help.

5. They said someth ing you didntlike.

6. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.

二、用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whose

1. This is the man _______ w ants to see you.

2. The stude nt __________ a n swered the questi on is Zhang Hua.

3. The man ____________ y ou went to see has come.

4. The man _____________ I met yesterday lent me some mon ey.

5. The woma n _________________ y ou saw is our geography teacher.

6. The runner _________________ y ou are ask ing about is over there.

7. Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.

8. These books ________________ y ou lent me were very useful.

9. This is shirt ______________ I bought yesterday.

10. A dictio nary is a book __________ gives the meaning to the word.

11. Show me the boy ________________ mother is a well-k nown sin ger.

12. The boy ______ father is a teacher is good at En glish.

三、单项选择

( )1. Your teacher of Chin ese is a young lady comes from Beiji ng.

A. who

B. which

C. whom

D. whose

( )2. The stude nts were all in terested you told them yesterday.

A. in which

B. in that this

C. all that

D. in everyth ing

( )3. He was the on ly pers on in his office was in vited.

A. whom

B. whose

C. that

D. which

( )4. This is the museum _____ w e visited last year.

A. where

B. i n which

C. which

D. i n that

( )5. Charlie told his mother all had happe ned.

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. who

()6. Do you know the student _____ ?

A. whom I ofte n talk

B. with who I ofte n talk

C. I ofte n talk with

D. that I ofte n talk

( )7. I like the house _ win dows face south.

A. whose

B. who's

C. it's

D. its

( )8. The young woman _____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.

A. who

B. to whom

C. whom

D. that

定语从句中关系副词的用法定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：

表时间的名词+ when +定语从句

when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

I'll never forget the day when I joined the army.

表地点的名词 + where +定语从句

where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

表原因的名词reason + why +定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中，在定语从句中作原因状语。)

例句：That is the reason why I did the job.在现代英语中 why 可以省略)

上句也可以这样表示：

That is the reas on I did the job.

又如： This was the reas on (why )we raised the temperature.

关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：

1) when” where”和why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：

*I will n ever forget the day whe n I first met you on the seashore.

*I will n ever forget the days which/that we spe nt together in Xueyao Middle School. **This is the hospital where my mother works.

**This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.

***The reas on why he did not go to school is that he was ill.

***This is the reas on which/that he gave his boss in the office .

2) when” where”和why”都可以替换成介词+ which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：

Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=whe n) This is the room in which we lived last year.(i n which=where)

Do you know the reas on for which he refused to go to Mary's birthday party. (for which=why)

有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从

句中，常使用介词+ which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如：

My mother works in a factory, i n front of which there is a small river.

At ni ght the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse.

3) 关系副词whe n” where ”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。

例如：I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.

He came to Sha nghai in 1980, whe n he was only 12.

I don 'tk now the exact spot where they will meet.

Mr Wang will fly to Beiji ng, where he will stay for three mon ths. 有时关系副词when” where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，

定语从句中关系副词的用法

定语从句中关系副词的用法 关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下： 表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句 time,day,hour,year when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army. 表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句 place,room,house where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. This is the house where I lived two years ago. 表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。) 例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中why可以省略) 上句也可以这样表示： That is the reason I did the job. 又如： This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视： 1）当先行词是时间，地点，原因时，并不是一定对应使用when，where，why The factory ________ I visited is not far from here. 诀窍：1.先找定语从句：____I visited, 2.假设可填入which，which I visited, which指代factory 3.看定语从句是否完整；I visited the factory。 很完整，which正确，或that The factory ________ I work is not far from here. 1. ___I work 2. which I work,,,,which指代factory 3.看定语从句是否完整I work the factory. I work in the factory，可见缺少in 4.因此应该是in which I work=where I work *I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore. *I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School. **This is the hospital where my mother works. **This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday. ***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill. ***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office . 2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如： Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when) This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)

关系副词引导的定语从句电子教案

关系副词引导的定语从句 一.关系副词where引导的定语从句。 where引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的名词。 1.China is the only country where wild pandas can be found. 2.This is the house where I lived two years ago. 知识拓展： 如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, stage, condition和case, position 等表示抽象意义的词，常用where / prep + which引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。 I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him. I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own. 练一练 1. It’s helpful to put children in a situation _______ they can see themselves differently. 2. Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. 3. They will fly to Washington, ___ they plan to stay for two or three days. 二．关系副词when引导的定语从句 when引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间的名词。 The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. Ｉcan’t forget the year when I studied English in Beijing University. 练一练： 1. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _____ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. 2. We went through a period ___ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. 3. Occasions are quite rare _____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. 三．关系副词why 引导的定语从句。why引导的定语从句其先行词是reason。 The reason why he didn’t come to the party is that he didn’t want to see Jane. Can you tell me the reason why you are late? 练一练 1) The reason ________he didn’t come was that he was ill. 2) The reason __________ he explained is not true. 3) The reason ___ he was absent was ___ he had a bad cold. 四．“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句:介词后的关系代词只能是which （指物）whom（指人）

定语从句关系代词和关系副词辨析

先观察下面各句，尝试总结一下红色部分的用法。 Do you remember the days when / in which I stayed with you in the USA? 你还记得我和你在美国共度的那些日子吗？ 2) The factory where / in which he worked for twenty years is closing down. 他效力了20年的那个工厂倒闭了。 3) The reason why / for which he was late for school was that he didn’t catch the bus. 他之所以迟到，原因是没赶上公交车。 4) I have read the book in which you are interested. 我读了那本你感兴趣的书。 5) The man with whom I talked just now comes from Japan. 刚刚和我交谈的那个男人来自日本。 6) This is the book which she is looking for. 这就是她正在找的那本书。 小结归纳 ●when 通常放在表示时间的名词后引导定语从句，如句1）； ●where放在表示地点的名词后引导定语从句，如句2）； ●why经常放在reason的后面来引导定语从句，如句3）； ★当引导定语从句时，关系副词一般可以转化为“介词+ 关系代词”，即： when / where 可转化为on / in / at等+ which， why可转化为for which（在口语中可用that或省略），这也是定语从句中的一种常见现象。 ★需要特别注意的是此时介词后的关系代词不能用that，如句1）、2）、3） ★另外，指代先行词的关系代词which, whom在从句中作介词宾语时，可以把“介词+ 关系代词(which / whom)”一起放在先行词和从句之间，如句4）、5）；★但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，如句6）。 **★关系代词that和which在定语从句中充当主语或宾语 ★关系副词when/ where/ why分别在定语从句中充当时间状语，地点状语和原因状语。例如： This is the house where/ in which we once lived. 这是我们曾经住过的房子 （Where相当于in the house 做地点状语） This is the house which/ that they built last year. 这是他们去年建的房子 （which/ that 指代house 做built 的宾语） I’ll never forget the days when/on which we stayed in Beijing. 我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子 （When相当于on the days 做时间状语，on the days “在这些日子”） I’ll never forget the days which we spent in Beijing.我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子（Which指代the days 做spent的宾语） That is the reason why/ for which she told a lie. 那就是她为什么撒谎的原因。 （Why相当于for the reason 做原因状语 That is the reason which was told by the boy. 那就是那个男孩说的原因。 （Which 指代the reason 做主语） 注意：★确立关系代词which/that或关系副词when/where/why的方法： 看定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语，如果缺少用which/ that； 如果不缺主语或宾语用when/where/ why.

关系副词引导定语从句

关系副词的意思相当于“介词 +which结构”，在定语从句中做状语的成分。 拆分法分析几个句子，如下： 1.He will always remember the day when/on which his father returned from America. 他将永远记得父亲从美国返回的那一天 拆分后： He will always remember the day. His father returned from America on the day.. 2.This was the time when/at

which she left for Beijing. 这就是她动身去北京的时间。 拆分后 This was the time. She left for beijing at the time. 3.I don't know the reason why/for which he didn't come to the meeting yesterday morning. 我不知道他为什么没有参加昨天上午的会议。 I don't know the reason. He didn't come to the meeting yesterday morning for the reason. 重要提示：在when、where、why 关系副词引导的英语定语从句中，只

会出现when、where、why或on which、at which、for which等等，绝对不会出现on when、at where、for why 这种情况，因为关系副词引导的定语从句只能起状语作用，既不能做动词的宾语，也不能做介词的宾语。 选出正确的定语从句 1、 A.The man is said to come from a town where nobody knew. B.The man is said to come from a town which nobody knew. 2、 A.That is the age in when people live in peace and happiness.

定语从句关系副词讲解及练习

Unit 2 Growing Pains 定语从句（2）--- 定语从句中关系副词的用法 Learning Content : Learn Attributive Clauses --- Relative adverbs: where, when, why Learning Aims: Learn how to use relative adverbs in attributive clauses Learning difficult and important points : The difference between relative adverbs and relative pronouns Period ：One 自主学习过程 关系副词是联系先行词和定语从句的词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where 和why ，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下： 1. 表时间的名词+ when + 定语从句，when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. I ' nllever forget the day when I joined the army. 2. 表地点的名词+ where + 定语从句，where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. This is the house where I lived two years ago. 3. 表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句（why 只用于reason 之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。） 例句：That is the reason why I did the job.（在现代英语中why 可以省略）上句也可以这样表示：That is the reason I did the job. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视： 1）“when” “where和“why的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子： *I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore. *I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School. **This is the hospital ________ my mother works. **This is the hospital ________ we visited the day before yesterday. 知识小结（判断定语从句引导词的方法） 方法一：不及物动词则要求用关系副词when, where, why, 从句中的谓语为及物动词且后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词； 方法二： 先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）; 先行词在从句中做状语时选择关系副词（ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 2）“ when” “ where和“ why都可以替换成介词+ which，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中 的动词。例如： Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?（on which=when） This is the room in which we lived last year.（in which=where）

(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

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(2). 如果从句不缺介词(“在……”)，就用关系代词： 第一种情况：已经有了介词“在……” 第二种情况：不需要介词“在……”(直接作主语、宾语、表语或表示所属关系) 例如： 例3的先行词还原到从句变为： The children sleep the room. 这个句子the room前面需要加上介词(in)才对。所以用关系副词where。 如果这个句子改动一下变为： (5) This is the room _______ the children sleep in. 这个句子的定语从句部分已经有介词in，先行词可以直接还原(作介词宾语)：The children sleep in the room. 因此，此题用关系代词that/which或省略。 再来看一例： (6) Wuhan is the city _______ I like best. 这个句子先行词可以直接还原： I like the city best. The city作动词like的宾语，因此用关系代词that/which或省略。 从上面可知：关系副词where=in/on/at…+which when用作关系副词表示时间，与where类似， when=in/on/at…+which 例如： I'll never forget the day when I met you.

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关系副词引导的定语从句 1. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. when C. which D. since 2. (09上海34)Mozart?s birthplace and the house ______ he composed …The Magic Flute? are both museums now Ks5u A. where B. when C. there D. which Ks5u 3. (09四川20)She?ll never forget her stay there ___ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. A. that B. which C. where D. when 4. (09福建24)It?s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently. A. that B. when C. which D. where 5. (09浙江14)I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A. which B. where C. how D. why 6. Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. A. why B. what C. that D. where 7. (09北京26)—What do you think of teacher ,Bob？ —I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting . A. where B. which C. when D. that 8. (08北京28)I?ll give you my friend?s home address，I can be reached most evenings. A.which B.when C.whom D.where 9. .(08安徽26)All the neighbors admire this family，the parents are treating their child like a friend. A.why B.where C.which D.that 10. (08江西35)Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. A.where B.when C.who D.which 11. (08重庆21)They will fly to Washington，they plan to stay for two or three days. A.where B.there C.which D.when 12. .(08山东26)Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids. A.who B.which C.why D.when 13. (07全国Ⅰ22)Some pre-school children go to a day care center，they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where 14. (07天津11)Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity sight matters more than hearing. A. when B. whose C. which D.where 15. (07江西32)After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do. A.that B. what C. which D.where 16. (07陕西20)Today，we?ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly. A. which B. as C. why D. where 17. (07福建27)The village has developed a lot we learned farming two years ago. A. when B. which C. that D. where

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定语从句之关系副词 引导定语从句的关系副词有when，where，why 等。它们和关系代词一样放在先行词的后面起引导作用，同时在定语从句中分别充当时间、地点和原因状语。 1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如： Can you still remember that evening when we met for the first time？ 你还记得我们第一次见面的那个晚上吗？ 2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。如： Can you show me the house where Shakespeare lived？ 你能带我看看莎士比亚曾住过的那座房子吗？ 3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。如： I don't know the reason why he didn't tell it to his father。 我不明白为什么他没有把这件事告诉他父亲。 4. 由于关系副词在定语从句中相当于“介词＋名词”，如：when ＝on / in / during the day，where= in / at / on the place，why ＝for the reason ，因此关系副词引导的定语从句可以改写为“介词＋which ”引导的定语从句。如： That is the day when （on which ）he did the experiments。 就是他做实验的那一天。 This is the house where （in which ）my father used to live。 这就是我父亲以前住过的房子。 That is the reason why （for which ）he is leaving very soon。 那就是他为什么要马上离开的原因。 注意：在这种“介词＋which ”的结构中，介词的选择取决于which 所指的名词与介词的搭配关系，或者取决于定语从句中动词词组与介词的搭配关系。如： This is the farm where （on which ）I worked three years ago。 这就是我三年前工作过的农场。 He can't forget that year when （in which ）he was taken to Beijing。 他忘不了他被带到北京去的那一年。 5.关系代词和关系副词的选择 先行词是表时间或地点的名词时，关系词的选择要慎重，以下技巧可帮助你解决此类问题。（ 1 ）分析句子结构，看表时间或地点的先行词在定语从句中是作状语，还是作主语和宾语。（ 2 ）看定语从句中的动词是及物动词，还是不及物动词，还是“不及物动词＋介词”结构。 比较：This is the place where he worked （vi ）when he was young。 The city （that / which ）we visited （vt ）is well-known。 We'll never forget the day （that / which ）we spent （vt ）in the village。 We'll never forget the day when we work （vi ）in the village。

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定语从句中关系副词的用法 关系副词，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。 定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。 其句法结构如下： 1.表时间的名词+ when + 定语从句 when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army. 2.表地点的名词+ where + 定语从句 where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. This is the house where I lived two years ago. 3.表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。) 例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中why可以省略) 上句也可以这样表示：That is the reason I did the job. 又如： This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视： 1）“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子： *I will never forget the day when I first met you on the beach. *I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School. **This is the hospital where my mother works. **This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday. ***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill. ***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office . 2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词+ which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如： Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when) This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where) Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party. (for which=why) 有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，常使用“介词+ which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如： My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.

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