初三Unit 12Life is full of the unexpected讲解及练习

新目标英语九年级Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected知识点讲与练

过去完成时

1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

2.时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

3.基本结构：have/has + done

4.否定形式：have/has + not +done.

5.一般疑问句：have或has提前

概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即"过去的过去（past-in-the-past ）"。

----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|---------------------------->

那时以前那时现在

构成：过去完成时由"助动词had + 过去分词"构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。

They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.

She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning.

二、过去完成时的判断依据

1. 由时间状语来判定

一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：

（1 ）by + 过去的时间点。

如：I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.

（2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。

如：We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.

（3 ）before + 过去的时间点。

如：They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.

2. 由"过去的过去"来判定。

过去完成时表示"过去的过去"，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：

（1 ）宾语从句中

当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：

She said that she had seen the film before.

（2 ）状语从句中

在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：

When I got to the station, the train had already left.

After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.

注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于before 和after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：

Where did you study before you came here?

After he closed the door, he left the classroom.

（3 ）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.

3. 根据上、下文来判定。

I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.

三、过去完成时的主要用法

1. 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在"过去的过去"。如：

When I woke up, it had stopped raining.

我醒来时，雨已经停了。（主句的动作发生在"过去的过去"）

2. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是"过去的过去"，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。如：

He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 发生在told 之前)

3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与already ，yet ，still ，just ，before ，never 等时间副词及by ，before ，until 等引导的短语或从句连用。

如：Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years.

Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.

4. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。

如：By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. （had worked 已有了20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能）

四、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别

现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关，其结构为"助动词have (has) + 过去分词"；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调"过去的过去"，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。试比较：

I have learned 1000 English words so far.

到目前为止我已经学会了1000 个英语单词。

I had learned 1000 English words till then.

到那时为止我已经学会了1000 个英语单词。

- I'm sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。

- Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes.

没什么，我只等了几分钟。（"等"的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在）

- John returned home yesterday. 约翰昨天回到家的。

- Where had he been?

他去哪儿了？（答语中使用过去完成时是指约翰在returned home 之前去了哪些地方，即"过去的过去"）

五、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别

虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点：

1. 时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调"过去的过去"；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。试比较：

They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.

They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.

2. 在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。如：

She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.

3. 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and 或but 连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替

过去完成时；另外，在before ，after ，as soon as 引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。如：

He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper

I (had) called her before I left the office.

过去完成时可表示过去未曾实现的想法和打算，通常连用的动词是want, think, hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose 等：

I had meant to come, but something happened. 我本想来，但有事就没有来。

I had intended to speak, but time did not permit. 我本想发言，但时间不允许。

We had hoped that you would come to see us, but you didn’t. 我们本想你来看我们的，但你没有来。

过去完成时练习题

1. 单项选择

1．He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.

A. where I had been

B. where I had gone

C. where had I been

D. where had I gone

2. What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was sever?

A. did, do

B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done

3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten。

A. learned

B. was learning

C. had learned

D. learnt

4. She ______lived here for ______ years.

A. had, a few

B. has, several

C. had, a lot of

D. has, a great deal of

5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.

A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked

6. She said she __________ the principle already

A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen

7. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war.

A. has hidden, from

B. had hidden, from

C. has hidden, with

D. had hidden, with

8. By the time he was ten years old, he _________.

A. has completed university

B. has completed the university

B. had completed an university D. had completed university

9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.

A. for

B. in

C. by

D. at

10. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.

A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano.

11. What _______ Annie ____ by the time he was ten?

A. did, do

B. did, did

C. has, done

D. had done

12 .He ___ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.

A. has worked

B. works

C. had worked

D. will work

13. By the end of last week, they ____ the bridge.

A. has completed

B. completed

C. will complete

D. had completed

14. Ben hates playing _____ violin, but he likes playing ____ football.

A. a…the

B. the… the

C. / …the

D. the…/

15. By the time he was 4, he ______ a lot of German words.

A. had learned

B. has learned

C. learned

D. learns

16 .Jim turned off the lights and then _____ the classroom.

A. was left

B. had left

C. has left

D. left

17.They _________ in Guangzhou since 2000.

A. lived

B. had lived

C. have lived

D. were living

18. The train from Beijing_______ ten minutes ago.

A. has arrived

B. was arriving

C. arrived

D. had arrived

19. The students _________ their classroom when the visitors arrived.

A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned

20. Fergie_______ the project in one hour.

A. have finished

B. will finish

C. finishes

D. has finished

21. The man ________ his coat and went out.

A. put on

B. had put on

C. will put on

D. was putting on

22 My mother______ in that factory at the age of 18.

A. had worked

B. has worked

C. worked

D. works

23. Dad ________ while he _______ TV.

A .fell asleep…watch B. was falling asleep…watched

C. fell asleep……was watching

D. had fallen asleep…watched

2.用动词的适当形式填空

1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in.

2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die).

3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).

4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen _______ (arrive).

5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.

6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call.

7. Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.

8. Our plan ____________ (fail ) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake.

9. When the chairman ______________ (finish) speaking, he _____________ (leave)the hall.

10.The Reads __ ______ (have) lunch when I ________________(get) to their house.

11.When I ______________(arrive) at the station, he ____________________(leave).

12.We _______________(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term.

13. I waited until he _______________(finish) his homework.

14. We were surprised at what she ________already ______(do)

15.She ____________(not go) to Qingdao because she ________________ (go) there before.

16. He ______________(not tell) you the news yet.

17. He said he _____________already_________(give) the book to the teacher.

18. I ______________(be) to Shanghai before.

19. She told me she _________________(be) to Sanya three times.

20.She _____________(play) the guitar while her sister_______________(sing).

本单元重点知识讲解▼

1.By the time I got outside, the bus hand already left.

①介词by的主要用法

a.通过某种抽象的方式和手段

He makes a living by writing. (思考：与with的区别)

b.由，被表被动

That movie was directed by Zhang Yimou.

c.乘坐某种交通工具

He often goes to school by bus. (思考：与in，on的区别)

d.靠近（表位置）They live by a road.

e.将近，临近（表时间相当于：not later than, before）

You must be home by 11:00 p.m..

By the time we woke up, mum had already cooked for us. (by和表过去的时间连用时，动词一般用过去完成时)。

Practice▼

1.He went to school______ his father’s car this morning. A. in B. on C. with D. by

2.By the time of last term, we ____ over 2000 English words.

A.have learned

B. had learned

C. were learning

D. learned

3.They are walking _____ the river. A. across B. in C. on D. by

4.You can cut the banana into pieces _____ this knife. A. with B. in C. on D. by

2.Leave的主要意思，用法如下：

a.离开（v.）I leaves my home for work at 7:30.

b.留给（v.）You can leave your pet dog with your parents, they can look after it.

c.遗留（v.）His father left him nothing when he die

d.

d.遗忘（v.）常用搭配为leave sth +地点: He left his key at hom

e.

e.假期（n.）She asked for a day’s leave yesterday.

Practice▼

5.On Monday morning, John got up late. So by the time he got to the bus stop, the bus_______

A. left

B. leaved

C. had leaved

D. had left

6.Don’t forget ____ it to school tomorrow, please.

A. forget; to take

B. left; to bring

C. forgot to bring

D. left; to taken

3.All of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out.

V+out 短语总结：

Give out分发；发放hand out分发；发放work out 得出（结果；总数等）

run out of 用光；耗尽go out 出去；熄灭find out 查明；弄清

look out 当心take out 拿出

4.Life is full of the unexpected.

The+adj.用法小结：

a.The+adj.表示某一类型的人。

The rich富人the poor 穷人the blind 盲人the sick 病人the old 老人

He set up a school for the deaf and the dumb. 他创建了一所聋哑学校。

b.The +分词形容词表示某一类型的人

The wounded伤员the killed 被杀者

c.The+国籍形容词表示全体国民the English 英国人

Practice▼

1.In the novel, the hero stole from_____ to give to ____

A. a rich; a poor

B. rich; poor

C. the rich; the poor

D. riches; poors

2.Those of us who are sighted don’t understand____________________________（盲人的问题）。

5.My alarm clock didn’t go off! 这句话中的go off是什么意思？_______________

Bob went off alone. 这句话中的go off是什么意思？_______________

Meat goes off quickly in hot weather. 这句话中的go off是什么意思？_______________

请总结以下短语的中文意思：

Go against go ahead go away go down

Go bad go out go back go through

Go over go well go along go after go all out

6.I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first

注意：be about to do的后面不能接具体的时间做状语，但能接when引导的时间状语从句作状语。Practice▼

My father ______ turn on the TV when the power was off.

A．was going to B. was about to C. will D. was to

本单元课堂小练▼

一．单项选择

1._______the plane_______, the doctors had already been there.

A.On the time; lands

B. In the time; landing

C. At times; had landed

D. By the time; landed

2.The street lights come on at dusk and _______ at dawn.

A.go down

B. go up

C. go off

D. go out

3.The boy sat on the curb and watched the cars__________.

A.go by

B. go off

C. go down

D. go on

4.You should keep the window _______ because the room is too hot.

A.open

B. opening

C. opened

5.The boats take different routes, but they all ______ in the same place.

A.give up

B. clear up

C. end up

D. make up

6.It’s impolite to ______ in line, we should _____ in line.

A, cut; wait B. keep; keep C. wait; keep

7.We all know the sun______ in the east.

A.rise

B. rose

C. rises

D. rising

8.The ______waiter came up to us and said, “You are welcome.”

A.smiling

B. smiled

C. smile

D. to smile

9.If you want to make your dream______ reality, you should work even harder.

A.turn up

B. turn into

C. turn on

D. turn to

10.She had to _____ her share of the company.

A.sell out

B. bring out

C. take out

D. make out

11.I left my keys in the room yesterday, I had to get in ______the window.

A.in

B. through

C. over

D. to

12.She _____ a towel on the sand and lay on it.

A.spread

B. teach

C. combine

D. start

二．完形填空

A little boy named Harry became very ill. He had to lie in bed all day, unable to move. He spent his days

An elephant jumped on a stone, or a dog wore a pair of glasses and acted in a 45 way. The little boy didn’t tell anyone about this. Those strange characters ended up putting joy back in his heart, and in his body. Before

And from that day on, Harry always did h is best to make sure that no one felt sad and alone.

36. A. happy B. sad C. excited D. cool

37. A. roof B. hole C. window D. wall

38. A. photo B. painting C. sign D. shape

39. A. above B. below C. over D. through

40. A. left B. slept C. flew D. drove

41. A. annoyed B. surprised C. bored D. tired

42. A. what B. which C. when D. when

43. A. people B. students C. children D. characters

44. A. crying B. laughing C. running D. coughing

45. A. funny B. rude C. Dull D. Strict

46. A. frown B. improved C. increased D. developed

47. A. acted B. heard C. experienced D. dreamed

48. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything

49. A. quickly B. suddenly C. immediately D. finally

50. A. cheer up B. give up C. make up D. put up

三．完成下列各句的翻译。

1.昨天我把伞忘在了火车上。___________________________________

2.我到家的时候，爸爸已经睡觉了。_____________________________________

3.在那一天许多人都相互戏弄开玩笑。___________________________________

4.毕竟，我要减肥可不是要失去我的健康。____________________________________________

5.你应该早点起床，否则会误机。____________________________________________________

We are going to have a party in our house this evening. It is my（51）______ birthday，and she（52）______ my uncles and aunts and some of her（53）______. Mother and I are asked to cook most of the food for the party，and father is getting the drinks. The living-room looks very pretty. Balloons of all colours are hanging from the lights and we have taken the carpets away（54）______ we are going to dance there after dinner.

In the dining-room we（55）______ out the best plates and glasses and tablecloths，and it all looks（56）______. We are going to have soup，fish，chicken，fruit and cheese. We are going to dance（57）______ midnight，and after that，we will have more food，because we will be hungry after all that dancing.

Last year my mother（58）______ her birthday party in a restaurant，（59）______ it is cleaner and cheaper at home.

When it is my birthday，I am going to invite my friends and have a party in the garden. I will hang pretty lights（60）______ the trees and we will grill our food in the garden and dance on the grass.

五．完成对话

A: Hi, Mandy, did you enjoy your winter vacation?

B: Yes, Bob. How about you? What did you do?

A: I went 1 with some of my friends.

B: It was exciting. I know you are interested in taking 2 by doing different out activities. Did you enjoy yourselves?

A: Not really. We were 3 enough on that day.

B: So what happened.?

A: In the morning, it was sunny. Everybody was excited when climbing the mountain at noon, the weather 4 a lot, it began to snow heavily. Very soon, the mountain was 5 with the white snow.

B: You should 6 and went back at once.

A: Actually we did. But on the way back home, I 7 and hurt my knee. My friends had to carry me on their backs.

B: You should be careful and know the importance of being 8 when climbing mountains. Did you hurt 9 seriously?

A: Yes, I had to stay in the hospital for a week.

B: Oh, it was a long time.

A: But I read a lot of books when 10 in the hospital bed, and really learned a lot.

B: You did? Anyway, you really had nothing to do but read.

1._______

2._______

3.________

4.________

5._______

6.______

7._______

8.______

9._______ 10.________

六．阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文。

Students in Japan are trying a new kind of traveling. In the past they could only go to the museums. That was boring for the teenagers. They often went by bus. Many of them felt asleep in the museum. _1.____ They can go to factories, villages and many other places they like. They explore the great outdoors and learn from the society and some of them even go to far away places.

Experiential education (体验式教育)is now very popular in North America. _2_._ Just look at the JTB, Japan’s biggest travel agency. It has more tha n 300 different travel programmes for students and schools. More than 25 schools have taken part in the programmes since 2001.

_3._____ They travel to fishing villages in Kyushu, Japan villages in Hawaii, and farming villages in China. Some even go to English classes in England. Wherever they go, they enjoy helping disabled(残疾)people. __4.____ By doing so, they learn how to take care of others. It’s an experience that students will ne ver forget. Travelling in Japan also does good for the farmers and fishermen. Fishing and farming villages have hard time in modern Japan. _5.____ Visitors and group of students’ coming every year bring them a lot of money and a better life.

七．任务型阅读

People have sailed (航行) around the world in quite small boats. It is not an easy thing to do. Sometimes the

weather gets bad. That can be the end of a boat, and the end of everyone in it. Accidents can happen easily and quickly.

One family once had an accident with some big fish. The fish swam under their boat and bit (咬) holes in it. The sea water came in, of course, and the boat soon sank (沉没). Hr, these people had another small boat-a

lifeboat, and they all got into that. They lived and hoped for many days. They ate and slept, and they always hoped. At last a ship found them.

How do people live in a very small lifeboat? Perhaps for weeks or months? They must be strong in every way. They must have hope-they want to live. But you cannot cat and drink hope.

You cannot drink sea water. Drink a lot of sea water and you will quickly die. Sailors (海员) can drink rain water. They must catch rain water in their boat. They must also catch fish and birds for food. Lifeboats do not carry a cooker (炊具), and so the sailors cannot cook their food. Raw fish (生鱼) and bird meat is not very nice.

But there is no other choice in a lifeboat The sailors must eat raw food, or they will die.

What do people think about in a life boat They think about land, a warm bed, dry clothes, fresh water and food.

八．作文

根据要求完成下面的任务

“中学生是否可以在校使用手机？”你班就此话题进行了讨论。请你根据以下记录写一篇短文，陈述讨论结果，并发表你的观点。

人教版五年级英语下册Unit1知识点汇总

Unit1 My day 知识整理 △话题：谈论每天的活动及时间安排 △词汇：do morning exercises（做早操） eat breakfast/lunch/dinner（吃早餐/午餐/晚餐） have...class（上…课），play sports（做运动） cleanmyroom（打扫我的房间），go forawalk (散步) go shopping（购物），takeadancingclass（上舞蹈课） △拓展词汇：get up（起床），go to bed（上床睡觉） washmy clothes（洗我的衣服）， watch TV（看电视） do homework（做作业）， play music（演奏音乐） cook dinner（煮晚餐）， at home（在家） inthemorning（在上午），intheafternoon（在下午） intheevening（在晚上），atnight（在半夜） △句型： ①询问做某事在几点 When doyou＋动词原形（短语）＋其他？ —— At ＋时间 —— I(＋频度副词)＋动词原形（短语）＋at＋时间。 例句：When do you get up in the morning? —— At 7:30. —— I often get up at 7:30. ②询问周末的活动安排

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初中英语词语运用解题技巧及练习.

词语运用 一、考点解读 词语运用题主要考查学生在特定语境中对词汇、表达法的灵活运用能力。试题的主要考查点是名词、数词、形容词、副词、动词及常用动词短语。 1、名词：名词单复数、名词所有格以及星期、月份等特殊名词的拼写； 2、形容词和副词：形容词与副词的选用及形式转化，形容词与副词的比较级等级； 3、数词：序数词变为基数词的规律； 4、动词：动词的过去式、过去分词、现在分词以及动词不定时、动词短语的拼写及用法。 二、解题方法及技巧 （一）阅读全句，理解句意 正确理解全句有助于准确判断所填的单词，若只看所填词的提示而忽略整个句意，往往填不上或填错单词 e.g. We can’t breathe f air because of polluted environment. （二）认真分析所填词的词性 做题时结合语境、语法要求去判断所填词的正确词性 e.g.1.This morning I was two minutes late for train,but (luck),I didn’t miss it as the train was late,too. 2.What a (sun) day! Let’s go hiking. 3.She was one of the greatest Chinese (write) of the 20th century. 各种词性之间的相互转换表 （1）v.+er/or n.（人）：teach visit work (2)adj.+ly adv. : careful luck quick

(3)n.+ly adj. :friend month (4)adj. n. ：important different healthy dead (5)v.+tion n. : invent pollute (6)v.+ment n. : develop move (7)adj.+ness n. : happy ill sad (8)-less后缀，un-前缀都表示否定含义 careless ——（反） helpless——（反） useless ——（反） unhappy——（反） unusual——（反） （三）要判断所填词的正确词性 （1）名词要注意复数和所有格 （2）形容词、副词要注意比较级和最高级的变化 （3）动词及词组要注意各种时态、语态及非谓语动词等各种形式 （4）数词注意分数和序数词的变化 e.g.1. In China, students have two (term) every year. 2. After exercising for a few months, she is a little (thin) than before. 3. Mr.Green lives on the (twelve) floor of the building. 4. When I (arrive), it was early in the morning and it was raining. （四）注意固定搭配 e.g. I am (interest) in reading books. 词语运用解题口诀： 空前空后要注意，名词单复要牢记，还有’s不能弃； 动词注意要变形；形、副注意用三级； 要填数词请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”； 填入代词需谨慎，五格变化要谨记； 介词、连词最省力，看见照抄就可以。

初三英语知识点总结

初三英语详细总结 Unit 1 一、知识点 1.Check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。 2.By: ①通过…..方式（途径）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes. ②在…..旁边。例：by the window/the door ③乘坐交通工具例：by bus/car ④在……之前，到……为止。例：by October在10月前 ⑤被例：English is spoken by many people. 3.how与what的区别： how通常对方式或程度提问，意思有：怎么样如何，通常用来做状语、表语。what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问，意思为什么，通常做宾语，主语。 ①How is your summer holiday? It’s OK.(how表示程度做表语) ②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air. ③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects.

①What…think of…? How…like…? ②What…do with…? How…deal with…? ③What…like about…? How…like…? ④What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather today? ⑤What to do? How to do it? e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? what I should do with how I should deal with it. What do you like about China?=How do you like China? I don’t know what to do next step?=I don’t know how to do it next step? ㊣What good / bad weather it is today!（weather为不可数名词，其前不能加 a ） ㊣What a fine / bad day it is today! （day为可数名词，其前要加a ） 4. aloud, loud与loudly的用法: 三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。 如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。

初中英语词语运用解题技巧及练习

初中英语词语运用解题技巧及练习 一、考点解读词语运用题主要考查学生在特定语境中对词汇、表达法的灵活运用能力。试题的主要考查点是名词、数词、形容词、副词、动词及常用动词短语。 1、名词：名词单复数、名词所有格以及星期、月份等特殊名词的拼写； 2、形容词和副词：形容词与副词的选用及形式转化，形容词与副词的比较级等级； 3、数词：序数词变为基数词的规律； 4、动词：动词的过去式、过去分词、现在分词以及动词不定时、动词短语的拼写及用法。 二、解题方法及技巧 （一）阅读全句，理解句意正确理解全句有助于准确判断所填的单词，若只看所填词的提示而忽略整个句意，往往填不上或填错单词e、g、We can’t breathe f air because of polluted environment、 （二）认真分析所填词的词性做题时结合语境、语法要求去判断所填词的正确词性e、g、1、This morning I was two minutes late for train,but (luck),I didn’t miss it as the train was late,too、2、What a (sun)

day! Let’s go hiking、3、She was one of the greatest Chinese (write) of the20th century、各种词性之间的相互转换表（1）v、+er/orn、（人）：teach visit work(2)adj、+lyadv、 : careful luckquick(3)n、+lyadj、 :friend month(4)adj、n、：important different healthy dead(5)v、+tionn、 : invent pollute(6)v、+mentn、 : develop move(7)adj、 +nessn、 : happy ill sad(8)-less后缀，un-前缀都表示否定含义careless （反） helpless（反）useless （反） unhappy （反）unusual（反） （三）要判断所填词的正确词性（1）名词要注意复数和所有格（2）形容词、副词要注意比较级和最高级的变化（3）动词及词组要注意各种时态、语态及非谓语动词等各种形式（4）数词注意分数和序数词的变化e、g、 1、In China, students have two (term) every year、2、 After exercising for a few months, she is a little (thin) than before、3、 Mr、Green lives on the (twelve) floor of the building、4、 When I (arrive), it was early in the morning and it was raining、 （四）注意固定搭配e、g、 I am (interest)

必修二unit1知识点总结

必修2 Unit 1 Cultural relics 1. in search of…寻找… Search sb 搜身search for 寻找 search sb. / a place for sth. 搜身/搜查某个地方找某事物 2. could not/never have done 不可能做过某事 3. be used to do sth. 被用来做…The wood will be used to make tables and chairs. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做…He is used to living with the farmers now. used to do sth. 过去常常做…She used to come a lot, but now we seldom see her. 4. make it 达到目的，取得成功 5. in the fancy style 以一种奇特的风格 in style 流行out of style 过时 6. decorate. v. 装饰decoration. n. 装饰decorate sth. with sth. be decorated with sth. 7. survive: v. 生存，存活，经历（事故、灾难后）还活着，幸存，比…长寿 survival: n. 生存，幸存survivor: n. 幸存者 8. by design = on purpose 故意地by chance = by accident 偶然地 9. belong to 属于，是…其中的一员或一部分（无被动，无进行时） In our country, land doesn’t belong to any individual. Belonging to the developing countries, China faces many difficulties. 10. in return 作为报答in return for…作为对…的报答 11. Serve v. 服务service n. 服务serve as 担任，充当 He serves as a waiter here. The box can serve as a table. 12. reception desk 接待处give a warm reception to…热情地接待… 13. have/get sth. done 使…被做 I must have/get my homework finished before going out to play. 14. light: v. 点燃，照亮light up 点（烟），照亮，（使）变亮，（脸等）放光彩 Her eyes lit up with joy. light的过去式和过去分词有两种：lit和lighted，作为动词时二者可通用，但作定语时，只能用lighted. He lit/lighted a candle and handed the lighted candle to me. 15. consider doing sth. 考虑做…. be considered to be…被认为… 16. wonder: v. 想知道，感到惊奇，疑惑n. 奇迹，奇人/事 (It’s) no wonder (that)…难怪…He hasn’t slept at all for three days. No wonder (that) he is worn out. 17. at war 处于战争状态 18. remove：v. ①搬开，拿开，移动②去掉，消除③脱掉④搬家，迁移 His name was removed from the list. 19. furniture: n. 家具（不可数） a piece of furniture = an article of furniture They didn’t buy much furniture before they got married. 20. doubt: v. n. 怀疑，疑惑