The Two Roads 两条路
The Two Roads 两条路
那是一个除夕之夜，一位老人站在窗前。他悲伤地望着天空，望着深蓝色的天空，繁星像百合花一样漂浮在清澈平静的天空之湖里。他望着地面，几个比他更加绝望的人正在走向他们必然的终点——坟墓。在通往生命终点的旅途中，他已经走过了六十个驿站，收获的却只有过失和悔恨。如今他的健康不佳，精神空虚，内心痛苦，晚年的生活并不舒适。
I t was New Year’s Night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky, where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake. Then he cast them on the earth, where few more hopeless people than himself now moved towards their certain goal --- the tomb. He had already passed sixty of the stages leading to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and remorse. Now his health was poor, his mind vacant, his heart sorrowful, and his old age short of comforts.
年轻的时光像梦一样在浮现在眼前，他回想起那个关键的时刻，父亲把他带到人生的岔路口，有两条路摆在他面前：一条通往一个宁静的、阳光灿烂的地方，那里满是花果，柔和甜美的歌声回响在空中；
另一条却通往一个黑暗无底的洞穴，那里流淌的不是清水，而是毒汁，那里恶魔肆虐，毒蛇横行。
The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him, and he recalled the serious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads --- one leading to a peaceful, sunny place, covered with flowers, fruits and resounding with soft, sweet songs; the other leading to a deep, dark cave, which was endless, where poison flowed instead of water and where devils and poisonous snakes hissed and crawled.
他仰望着天空，痛苦地哭喊道：“啊，青春，回来吧！啊，父亲，重新把我带到生命的起点吧，我会选择另一条更好的路！”可是，他的父亲连同青春，都已经离开他了。
He looked towards the sky and cried painfully, “O youth, return! O my father, place me once more at the entrance to life, and I’ll choose the better way!” But both his father and the days of his youth had passed away.
他看到黑暗中点点光亮被吞没，那些是他虚度的日子；他看见一颗星星从天上坠落，消失了，那他的象征。悔恨，像一把锋利的剑，深深刺入他的心脏。他想起那些童年时的伙伴，那些同他一起踏上生
命的旅途的人们，如今都是成功的、受人尊重的。此刻，他们都沉浸在除夕的幸福中。
He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness. These were the days of his wasted life; he saw a star fall down from the sky and disappeared, and this was the symbol of himself. His remorse, which was like a sharp arrow, struck deeply into his heart. Then he remembered his friends in his childhood, who entered on life together with him. But they had made their way to success and were now honored and happy on this New Year’s Night.
教堂高塔上的钟声敲响了，这让他想起了小时父母的爱，那些谆谆教诲，那些他们为他的幸福所做的祷告。可是他选择了一条错误的路。羞愧和悲伤使他不敢再奢望父亲所居住的天堂。他昏暗的眼睛饱含了泪水，他绝望地奋力哭喊：“回来吧，我逝去的岁月！回来啊！”
The clock in the high church tower struck and the sound made him remember his parents’ early love for him. They had taught him and prayed to God for his good. But he chose the wrong way. With shame and grief he dared no longer look towards that heaven where his father lived. His darkened eyes were full of
tears, and with a despairing effort, he burst out a cry: “ Come back, my early days! Come back!”
不过这次他的青春真的回来了。因为所有这一切只不过是除夕夜他做的一场梦而已。他仍然年轻，尽管确实犯过错误，不过仍然没有进入那黑暗的洞穴，他仍然可以选择那条通往安宁和光明的道路。And his youth did return, for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year’s Night. He was still young though his faults were real; he had not yet entered the deep, dark cave, and he was still free to walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land.
正在人生路口徘徊，犹豫着是否选择光明之路的年轻人啊！请记住，当时光已逝，你的双脚在黑暗的山间举步维艰、跌跌撞撞的时候，你会痛苦地呼喊：“啊，青春！回来！啊，把我逝去的日子还给我吧！”可是，那一切都是没用的！
Those who still linger on the entrance of life, hesitating to choose the bright road, remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble on the dark mountains, you will cry bitterly, but in vain: “O youth, return! Oh give me back my early days!”
翻译作业2
1. Let it deceive them, then, a little longer; it can not deceive them too much. 2. We shall never get anywhere with all the criticism and fault finding. I believe in the principle "Live and let live". 3. He said that no one could beat him at tennis, but he had to eat his word after losing several games. 4. I had read too many novels and had learned too much at school not to know a good deal about love. 5. In fact, one office-system expert recently said that he had yet to encounter a business work place that was functioning at more than 60 percent efficiency. 6. Nobody with any sense expects to find the whole truth in advertisement any more than he expects a man applying for a job to describe his shortcomings and serious faults. 7. There is probably no better way for a foreigner (or an Englishman) to appreciate the richness and variety of the
翻译作业(2)及作业(1)答案
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翻译作业2及答案
The UN General Assembly, the central political forum, is composed of 193 members, including virtually all the world’s nation-states. Two thirds of its members are developing countries, which account for about three-quarters of the world’s population. Reaching decisions is difficult, especially since all agreements by custom must be reached by consensus（一致）. As a result, important agreements are often held hostage （持有人质）by narrow special interests, and most agreements are reached only by reducing them to their lowest common denominators（共同特性，分母）. But the real question is whether the major countries of the world will allow democracy（民主（政治））to function at the highest level. The Security Council, which is responsible for peace and security, deals with issues of the greatest political importance. The Council has only 15 members so it can meet frequently and deal with crises. Once impotence（无效）due to Cold War rivalries, it has regained much of the authority accorded by the UN charter. 联合国大会是最重要的政治论坛，由193个成员国组成，几乎包括了世界上所有的国家。其中三分之二为发展中国家，这些国家的人口占了全球总人口的四分之三。 大会做出决议并非易事，因为按照惯例所有的协议都必须在成员国之间达成共识。结果，一些重要协议往往因为少数国家的特殊利益而面临被否决的可能，
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[北语]20春《英汉／汉英翻译》作业2
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分句、合句法翻译
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句子翻译作业2
进阶翻译练习1 1. 人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。 2. 许多学生没有意识到考试作弊的后果 3. 随着其他领域改革的进行，中国高等教育也在经历着巨大的变化。 4. 依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟相关的疾病。 5. 一个人的实际能力才是企业所真正看重的。 6. 我们希望我们的政府采取更强硬的措施来防止传染病，比如艾滋。 7. 尽管经济危机，当局还是应该投放大量的预算去帮助有需要的人。 8. 环境中的化学废弃物会严重危害人们的健康。比如，河流中的化学排放物会疾病，基因变易甚至死亡。 9. 说句公道话，严肃性的课堂教学可以使我们学到很多知识。但用这种方式上课，学生们经常无法积极参与课堂活动。 10. 此外，大家庭也给我们提供了好的机会来培养我们的各种能力和性格。比如：合作，团队精神，独立，平等和关心他人。 11. 应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。 12. 一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康。正如那句老话：只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。 13. 当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。 14. 人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。 15. 许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。 16. 考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。 17. 给学生评定成绩的时候，应该把他的出席情况和课堂表现考虑在内。 18. 那些赞成“竞争教育法”的人认为，要想孩子在将来的社会中生存，必须从小就灌输竞争精神。 19. 现在，之所以会有如此多的包装纸是因为我们每天消耗的比过去的家庭要多得多。 20. 我认为我们发明一种新的语言来取代英语是没有必要的. 21. 环境保护是一个如今为人们广为讨论的一个话题。 22. 笔记本电脑流行的主要原因是它操作简单。 23. 没有人能否人这一事实：教育是人生最重要的一方面。 24. 一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。 25. 最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。 26. 我们必须承认，那些反对此观点的人们也有一定的道理。 27. 人们往往会和观念与自己相近的人交朋友。 28. 越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。 29. 说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。 30. 众所周知，环境污染问题是中国乃至世界面临的最为严重的问题之一。 31. 值得注意的是农村和城市的生态环境都在不断恶化。 32. 例如，一些孩子花很多时间在电视机前，忽视他们的学习，户外活动甚至家庭。父母们
英语句法特点与翻译
科技英语的句法特点与翻译 1．科技英语在句法上有着明显不同于一般英语的特点，主要有以下几点: a. 广泛使用长句 由于科技英语描写的是科学技术和其他的自然现象，因此，科技作者所注重的是事实和逻辑推导，所给出的定义、定律、定理，或描绘的概念，或叙述的生产工艺过程，都必须严谨、精确。在这方面与文学英语、政论英语或应用文英语相比，科技英语的长句就使用较多。在这些长句中，常常是一个主句带若干个从句，从句带短语，短语带从句，从句套从句，互相依附、互相制约，一环扣一环，这可谓错综复杂，盘根错节，读起来或翻译起来颇伤脑筋。例如： It is animals and plants which lived in or near water whose remains are most likely to be preserved，for one of the necessary conditions of preservation is quick burial， and it is only in the seas and rivers，and sometimes lakes，where mud and silt has been continuously deposited，that bodies and the like can be rapidly covered over and preserved. 只有水中或水边生活的动物，才能把遗骸保留下来，因为这样做的条件之一，就是迅速地埋葬。而只有在泥浆和淤泥能够接连不断地沉淀的地方——如海洋、河川，往往在湖泊里，动植物的遗骸和类似的东西，才能被很快地覆盖而保存下来。 (两个强调句) b. 非谓语动词使用频率高 非谓语动词的使用可以大大简化句子结构，减少长句的使用。 c. 广泛使用被动语态 科技英语叙述的对象往往是事物，现象或过程，强调的是所叙述事物的本身，而非其主体。被动语态有强调受事者，将其置于话题（topic）的主位（thematic position）的语用功能。如： Heat and light are given off by the chemical reaction. 这种化学反应能发出热和光。 被动语态隐含施事者，可以避免给人以主观臆断的对象，如：It is universally known that the world is made of matter. 人人都知道世界是由物质构成的。 英语中存在一些自动性（Intransitivity）很强的动词或动词词组produce，originate， enable， emerge， vary， give， send， occur， represent，
翻译作业2
SZ170420117 环境一班任云帆 Peter Newmark: The first traces of translation date from 3000 BC, during the Egyptian Old Kingdom, in the area of the First Cataract, Elephantine, where inscriptions i n two languages have been found. 最早的翻译的痕迹来自公元前3000年，那时正是古埃及王朝。在第一瀑布（注：地处埃及和苏丹的边界，亚斯旺南郊）首次发现了用两种语言篆刻的碑文。 It became a significant factor in the West in 300 BC, when the Romans took over wholesale many elements of Greek culture, including the whole religious apparatus. 一个很重要的因素是：公园前300年的西方，罗马人垄断了许多的希腊文化元素，包括整个宗教组织。In the twelfth century, the West came into contact with Islam in Moorish Sp ain. 在二十世纪，西方人开始与西班牙的摩尔穆斯林们建立联系。 The situation favoured the two essential conditions for large-scale translation (Storig, 1963): 这样的情景下推动大规模翻译的两个中重要条件是： a qualitative difference in culture (the West was inferior but scientifically acquisitive and receptive to new ideas) and continuous contact between two languages. 文化中的定性差异（西方人比较落后，但是更加贪求科技并且更易于接受新的思想）和两种语言简的持续交流 When the Moorish supremacy collapsed in Spain, the Toledo school of translato rs translated Arabic versions of Greek scientific and philosophical classics. 当摩尔人在西班牙的霸权瓦解，托莱多翻译学院翻译了很多阿拉伯语版的希腊科学和哲学的经典。Luther’s Bible translation in 1522 laid the foundations of modern German and King James’s Bible (1611) had a seminal influence on English language and literature. 卢瑟在1522年翻译的圣经立足于现代德国和金·詹姆斯在1611年翻译的版本，它对英国的语言和文学有着有着重要的影响。 Significant periods of translation preceded Shakespeare and his contemporaries, French classicism and the Romantic Movements. 莎士比亚时期，法兰西古典时期和浪漫主义运动时期都是翻译界中很重要的时期 全文： 最早的翻译的踪迹公元前3000年，那时正是古埃及王朝。在第一瀑布（注：地处埃及和苏丹的边界，亚斯旺南郊）首次发现了用两种语言篆刻的碑文。一个很重要的因素是：公园前300年的西方，罗马人垄断了许多的希腊文化元素，包括整个宗教组织。在二十世纪，西方人开始与西班牙的摩尔穆斯林们建立联系。这样的情景下，推动大规模翻译的两个中重要条件是：文化中的定性差异（西方人比较落后，但是更加贪求科技并且更易于接受新的思想）和两种语言的持续交流。摩尔人在西班牙的霸权瓦解后，托莱多翻译学院翻译了很多阿拉伯语版的希腊科学和哲学的经典。卢瑟在1522年翻译的圣经立足于现代德国和金·詹姆斯在1611年翻译的版本，它对英国的语言和文学有着有着重要的影响。莎士比亚时期，法兰西古典时期和浪漫主义运动时期都是翻译界中很重要的时期。
句子翻译作业2
强化写作补充练习 进阶翻译练习1 1. 人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。 2. 许多学生没有意识到考试作弊的后果 3. 随着其他领域改革的进行，中国高等教育也在经历着巨大的变化。 4. 依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟相关的疾病。 5. 一个人的实际能力才是企业所真正看重的。 6. 我们希望我们的政府采取更强硬的措施来防止传染病，比如艾滋。 7. 尽管经济危机，当局还是应该投放大量的预算去帮助有需要的人。 8. 环境中的化学废弃物会严重危害人们的健康。比如，河流中的化学排放物会疾病，基因变易甚至死亡。 9. 说句公道话，严肃性的课堂教学可以使我们学到很多知识。但用这种方式上课，学生们经常无法积极参与课堂活动。 10. 此外，大家庭也给我们提供了好的机会来培养我们的各种能力和性格。比如：合作，团队精神，独立，平等和关心他人。 11. 应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。 12. 一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康。正如那句老话：只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。 13. 当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。 14. 人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。 15. 许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。 16. 考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。 17. 给学生评定成绩的时候，应该把他的出席情况和课堂表现考虑在内。 18. 那些赞成“竞争教育法”的人认为，要想孩子在将来的社会中生存，必须从小就灌输竞争精神。 19. 现在，之所以会有如此多的包装纸是因为我们每天消耗的比过去的家庭要多得多。 20. 我认为我们发明一种新的语言来取代英语是没有必要的. 21. 环境保护是一个如今为人们广为讨论的一个话题。 22. 笔记本电脑流行的主要原因是它操作简单。 23. 没有人能否人这一事实：教育是人生最重要的一方面。 24. 一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。 25. 最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。 26. 我们必须承认，那些反对此观点的人们也有一定的道理。 27. 人们往往会和观念与自己相近的人交朋友。 28. 越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。 29. 说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。 30. 众所周知，环境污染问题是中国乃至世界面临的最为严重的问题之一。 31. 值得注意的是农村和城市的生态环境都在不断恶化。 32. 例如，一些孩子花很多时间在电视机前，忽视他们的学习，户外活动甚至家庭。父母们 1
翻译作业 2
Translation Task 2 I Translate the underlining part into Chinese. The Thanks We Give Editorial of The New York Times It's not the turkey alone we're grateful for. Not the cranberry sauce or the stuffing or even the pumpkin pie. Some of the people seated at the table are strangers --- friends of friends, cousins of in-laws --- and some are almost desperately familiar, faces we live and work with every day. In any other week, today would merely be Thursday and the gathering of all these people--- the cooking and serving and cleaning --- a chore. But today it doesn't feel that way. The host---perhaps it's you--- stands up and asks that we give thanks, and we do, each in our own way. And what we're thankful for is simply this, the food, the shelter, the company and, above all, the sense of for granted the things we almost always take for granted. We try, if only in that brief pause before the eating begins, to see through the well-worn patterns of our lives to what lies behind them. In incompatible with the gratitude- not to mention the abundance --- that Thanksgiving summons. It's tempting to think that one Thanksgiving is pretty much like another, except for differences in the guest list and the recipes. But it isn't true. This is always a feast about where we are now. Thanksgiving reflects the complexion of the year we're in. Some years it feels buoyant, almost jubilant in nature. Other years it seems marked by a conspicuous humility uncommon in the calendar of American emotions. II Correct the inappropriate part in the following sentences. 1. We discovered this long ago but were never able to successfully solve the problem. 2. I hope you will sit down together to carefully study and discuss this question. 3. China is of special importance to the world and is related to the stability and security of the international situation. 4. We must continue to strengthen basic research and increase scientific and technological strength and staying power for future development. 5. In areas that are suitable for the production of grain, a good job must be done in grain production and efforts be made to raise per-unit yield, increase variety, and improve quality.
翻译作业练习2 参考译文
When you have married your wife, you would think you were got upon a hill top, and might begin to go downward by an easy slope. But you have only ended courting (求爱) to begin marriage. Falling in love and winning love are often difficult tasks to overbearing（傲慢的）and rebellious spirits; but to keep in love is also a business of some importance, to which both man and wife must bring kindness and goodwill. The true love story commences（begins）at the altar, when there lies before the married pair a most beautiful contest of wisdom and generosity, and a life-long struggle towards an unattainable ideal. Unattainable? Ay, surely unattainable, from the very fact that they are two instead of one. 参考译文： 当你步入婚姻的殿堂，你可能认为已经爬到了山顶，剩下的只是悠闲地沿着平缓的山坡下山。然而，这只是恋爱的结束，婚姻的开始。拥有一颗骄傲而又叛逆的心，坠入爱河与赢得爱情都是难事；但维持爱情也很重要，夫妻都应相敬如宾，互相关爱。当真爱起始于圣坛之时，夫妻之间便开始了一场最为美妙的智慧与慷慨的竞争，一场为了一个不可能实现的理想而持续一生的奋斗。不可能实现? 啊，当然不可能，因为他们不是一个人，而是两个呀。 I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. It is in this sphere that long experience is really fruitful, and it is in this sphere that the wisdom born of experience can be exercised without being oppressive. It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education. But if you are one of those who are incapable of impersonal interests, you may find that your life will be empty unless you concern yourself with you children and grandchildren. In that case you must realize that while you can still render them material services, such as making them an allowance or knitting them jumpers, you must not expect that they will enjoy your company. 我认为，对于那些具有强烈的不受个人好恶所影响的喜好，其活动又恰当适宜的人们来说，成功地度过晚年绝非难事。只有在这方面，长年的经历才真正有益；只有在这方面，源于经验的智慧才能得到运用而不使别人感到压抑。告诫已经成人的孩子别犯错误是没有用处的，一来因为他们不会相信你，二来错误本身原本就是教育所不可缺少的一部分。但是，如果你是那种受个人情感支配的人，你就会发现，不把心思都放在子女和孙儿女身上，你就会觉得空虚。假如是这样的话，你必须明白，虽然你还能为他们提供物质上的帮助，比如给他们一笔零花钱或者为他们编织一件外套，但是千万不要期望他们会喜欢和你在一起。
英汉句法构造的差异及其对翻译的启示
英汉句法结构的差异及其对翻译的启示 [摘要] 中西方思维模式的不同和英汉两种语言本身的差异导致了这两种语言的句法结构存在很大差异。英语句法重形合，树形结构；汉语句法重意合，线性结构。深刻理解两种语言句法结构的不同特点能够为我们在进行两种语言转换时提供重要的指导意义。 [关键词] 英汉；句法结构；差异；翻译 前言： 英汉两种语言的句法结构存在很大差异。我们常说，英语重形合，句子成树形结构，汉语重意合，句子成线形结构。英汉句法结构到底有何不同？两者为何存在如此大的差异？只有理解了这些问题，才能对我们进行两种语言之间的转换提供指导意义。 英汉句法结构的差异 英语的句法结构特点是形合，强调句际之间、句内各成分之间要用形式逻辑关系词连接。我们知道，英语句子具有严格的句法结构，名词的性、数、格，谓语动词的时态语态，以及主从句之间的关系代词，关系副词等都是把句子连接起来的纽带，由此英语句子在一定的框架内，就形成了以主谓为主干，其他修饰语或限定语成分为旁支的树形结构。因此在汉译英时，我们一定要注意补充必要的限定语或连接词，保证译出的英语句子是完整的，通顺的。 而汉语的句法结构特点是意合，强调意义关联，以语义为中心，句法结构不必完备，而且也不需要使用诸如连接词等衔接手段，正如申小龙先生所指出，汉语句法特点是重意会、重流动、重具象、重虚
实。[3]因而，汉语句子则形成了一种线形结构，没有主谓框架的限制，往往逐步交代，逐层铺开，节奏简洁明快。因而在英译汉时，不要拘泥于原文的结构，而是要尽量符合汉语的特点。 英汉句法结构差异的原因 我们知道，语言和思维的关系密不可分，两者相互影响，相互作用。语言是思维的工具，是思维的载体，“没有语言，思维无以定其形，无以约其式，无以证其实”[1]，而思维模式又影响着语言的使用，英汉两种不同的思维模式势必会影响英汉两种语言不同的句法结构。 大体而言，西方人偏向于抽象思维，逻辑性和分析性强，长于精确，因而英语句子有着严格的形式要求，需要在一定的语法框架内表达，力求客观，理性，精确。而东方人偏爱具象思维，注重直觉和整体性，跳跃性强，因而句子灵活多变，没有严格的形式要求。 除了不同的思维方式对两种语言的影响之外，两种语言本身的特点也造就了它们各自不同的句法结构。英语是一种形态语言，“英语字母—因素组合使得英语的词具有形态发生能力，从而使英语语法结构显性化，具有比较易于把握的形式程式。汉语构词十分方便：可以实现字与字的直接组合，汉字不具备发生形态变化的条件，从而与意义挂上了钩，表义性加强了。”[2] 英汉句法结构的差异对翻译的启示 英汉形合和意合之间的转换实际上就是英汉树形结构和线形结构的句法结构的转换。由于英汉句法结构的差异，英译汉时由树形结
英语翻译作业
AC500kV Substation Design In China Transmission and Substation Department,CPECC Abstract:Some brief informations about AC500kV substations in China,historical data of their design and essential design principles are presented in this paper.Some technical and engineering problems of AC500kV substation design and construction are discussed.It is emphasized to introduce the500kV substation scales,main electrical connections,selection of equipment and apparatus,insulation coordination,distribution switchyard,control and protection etc.Here we also discuss the policy of project cost control at present time and a prospective view of China AC substations in future. 1.Introduction The research and design of500kV substations in China were started in1977,and the first substation was put into operation in1981.From that time,because of the rapid development of electricity demand in China,design and construction of500kV substations have a great development.Especially in recent years,due to the increase of capital investment for power system construction from the State Government,500kV power system has developed even faster.Till1998about55substations(500kV)were already put into operation,in which217transformers were installed,and the total capacity reached60410 MVA.At present,there are30substations(total capacity26500MVA)under construction.In addition,it has been planned to construction/extends30substations(33transformers,24750 MVA)in accordance with the power delivery from Three Gorges Power Plant. A complete design system of AC500kV substation in China has been gradually established based on the past design and construction experiences and the use of new technologies.This system includes design procedures,design standards,rules and regulations, design management and so on. The essential design principles are safe and reliable,technically advanced,economical and reasonable,and good quality. 2.Size of Substations China is a developing country with broad territory.The economic development is very different from one region to another.In accordance with this fact,the500kV substation size is different at different time and for different region.