2016年上海市高考英语试题与答案(精编版)
绝密★启用前
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）
英语试卷
考生注意： 1. 考试时间120分钟,试卷满分150分。 2.
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第
I 卷（第1- 12页）和第II 卷（第13页），
全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一 律不得分。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名 ，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上 ，在答题 纸反而清楚地填写姓名。
第I 卷（共103分）
I. Liste ning Comprehe nsion Sectio n A Directions:
In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations
between two speakers.
At the end of each con versati on, a questi on will be asked about what was said. The
conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best an swer to the questi on you have heard. 1. A. It is satisfactory. B. It is luxurious. C. It is old-fashi on ed.
D. It is disappo in ti ng.
2. A. On August 5th. B. On August 6th. C. On August 7th. D. On August 8th.
3. A. A waiter. B. A butcher. C. A porter. D. A farmer.
4. A. I n a theatre. B. I n a library. C. I n a book ing office. D. I n a furniture store.
5. A. She expected to a better show. B. She could hardly find her seat. C. She wasn ' t interested in the show. D. She didn
6. A. The womanoften eats out for breakfast. B. C. The woman doesn ' t have breakfast. breakfast.
7. A. Sell ing cucumbers. B. Plan ti ng vegetables. C. Cook ing tomatoes. 8. A. The man should work hard. B. The man should turn dow n the job offer. C. The man may have ano ther cha nee. D. The man can apply for the job aga in. 9. A. It is a hot and smoggy day. B. There is a traffic jam on Ki ng Street. C. A vehicle is polluting the air. D. The man is reading a report online. 10. A. Its ending is not good eno ugh. B. Its special effects are not satisfy ing.
C. It deserves an award.
D. It is good except for the scary part.
't get a favourable seat. The cafeteria serves good breakfast. D. The cafeteria doesn ' t serve
a meal. D. Pick ing
Sectio n B
Directi ons: In Secti on B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questi ons on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questi ons will be spoke n only once. When you hear a questi on, read the four possible an swers on your paper and decide which one would be the best an swer to the questi on you have heard.
Questi ons 11 through 13 are based
on the follow ing passage
11. A . $1.
B. $2
C. $3
D. $ 52.
12. A .
Pay the bills first.
B. Spend 2% of the salary on livi ng
expenses.
C. Deposit $1000 every month
D. Put part of the money in a savings
account.
13.
A
.
Methods of savi ng
mon ey.
B. Saving money for family emerge ncies.
C. The importa nee of savi ng
mon ey.
D. Secrets of spending
money wisely.
Questi ons 14 through 16 are based
on the
follow ing
passage
14. A. Free educati on. B. A sum of money.
C. Don ati ons from a local
n ewspaper. D. Gifts from many people.
15.
A. Let stude nts in before
school.
B.
Offer ice
cream and coffee.
C. In troduce a bank into the campus
D. Reduce the traffic
jams around.
16.
A.
It lacks positive n ews.
B. It should grow into a big city.
C. It is a place
worth
livi ng in.
D.
It
rema ins peaceful
and quiet.
Sectio n C
Directions:
In secti on
C, you will hear two Ion ger
con versati ons. The
conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your an swer sheet.
Bianks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD each an swer.
Blank 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.
Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ch an swer.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Sectio n A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the
passages cohere nt and grammatically correct. For the bla nks with a give n word, fill in each bla nk with the proper form. of the give n word; for the other bla nks, use one word that best fits each bla nk.
(A)
Bags of Love
Last year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother' s house, so I stayed with her for a mon th. During that time, I helped out with the housework and con tributed to the groceries.
After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty
quickly —we were always sudde nly out of someth ing. (25) _______ (won der) how my mum
could con sume them so quickly, I bega n observi ng her daily rout ine for two weeks.
To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morni ng at about nine. Even tually, I decided to follow her and (26)_______
happe ned truly amazed me. She was tak ing the food to the refugee camp, in (27) ____
she distributed it to childre n.
I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —shy would she mot want to tell me about what she (28) _____________________________ (do)? Was
she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29) _____________ (buy) the groceries
if I found out?
When she got home, I told her about my discovery. (30) ____________ she could react, I gave
her a big hug and told her she didn ' t need to keep it a secret (31) ______ me. She
told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has bee n help ing out by givi ng them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by (32) _____________________________ selfless she was.
(B)
Stress: Good or Bad?
Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are begi nning to get stressed about being stressed.
In rece nt years, stress(33) _____ (regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical
problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things,
it is only too much stress(34) ____ does you harm. It is time you con sidered that
if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are un der, the (35) ________________________________________ (good) your performa nce will be.
Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and fin ally a breakdow n. You can tell whe n you are over the top and on the dow nward slope, by asking yourself (36) __________________ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37) ____ , and yet find it impossible to say no?
Do you find yourself getting impatient of (38) __________ (annoy) with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had
better(39) ____ (con trol ) your stress, as you probably are un der more stress tha n
is good for you.
To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart show ing how much stress is in volved in various even ts. Getti ng married is 50, preg nancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc. If the total stress in your
life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40) _____ (get )ill.
Sectio n B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each
word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more tha n you n eed.
What makes good desig n? Over the years, desig ners and artists have bee n trying to 41 the
essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can
help people un dersta nd the ideas of good desig n. There are four as follows.
Less is more. This say ing is associated with the Germa n-bor n architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and eleganee, and the aim of the desig ner is to create soluti ons to problems through the most efficie nt means. Desig n should avoid unn ecessary 42 _____
More is n ot a bore. The America n-bor n architect Robert Ven turi con cluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design. Post-Modernist designers began
to 44 with decorati on and color aga in. Product desig n was heavily in flue need by this view and can be see n in kitche n 45 such as ovens and kettles.
Fit ness for purpose. Successful product desig n takes into con siderati on a product ' s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 . For example, th ink of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importa ntly, it n eeds to 48 light where it is n eeded.
From follows emoti on. This phrase is associated with the Germa n desig ner Hartmut Essli nger. He believes desig n must take into 49 the sensory side of our n ature —sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational (理性的).When choos ing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-look ing device that allows us to easily 50 the toothpaste onto our brush.
III. Readi ng Comprehe nsion
Sectio n A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each bla nk with the word or phrase that best fits the con text.
In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that
every one has the pote ntial to find satisfacti on in work.
In any case, despite so much evide nee to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees n eed con sta nt supervisi on if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian （专制的）managers.
Differe nt cultures have differe nt ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritaria n man ageme nt, some
cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the con sultative nature of decisi on-mak ing —all members of the departme nt or work group are asked to
56 to this process. This is man ageme nt by the collective opinion. Many western compa nies have tried to imitate such Asia n ways of doing thin gs, which are based on general 57 . Someexperts say that womenwill become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach com mon goals in a way that traditi onal 58 ___ man agers cannot.
A recent trend has bee n to en courage employees to use their own in itiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment 授权）has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers
in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top
level of senior man agers, fron t-l ine man agers and employees with direct con tact with
the public. Empowerme nt takes the idea of delegati on （委托）much further tha n has
62 bee n the case. Empowerme nt and delegati on mean new forms of man ageme nt con trol to 63 that the overall bus in ess pla n is being followed, and that operatio ns become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.
Ano ther trend is off-site or 64 man ageme nt, where teams of people lin ked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project man agers evaluate the 65
of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spe nd on them.
51. A. desire B.seek C. lose D. dislike
52. A. con trary B. expectati on C. degree D. extreme
53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise
54. A. outside B. i nside C. below D. above
55. A. replac ing B. assess ing C. man agi ng D.
en couragi ng
Direction : Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several
questi ons or unfini shed sattme nts. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick
book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again . My in terest was aroused only by the fact that the word
“ Poems appeared in big, hot pink letters.
"Is it good? ” I asked her.
“ Yeah, ” she answered. “ There ' s one I really like and you ' ll like it, too.
I lea ned forward.
Patty Poem, '” she read the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem began:
She n ever puts her toys away,
Just leaves them scattered
①
where they lay, …
①
散乱的
The poem was just three short secti ons. The final one came quickly:
Whe n she grows and gathers poise ②，
②稳重
I ' ll miss her harum-scarum ③ noise, ③莽撞的 And look in vai n ④ for scattered toys.
④
徒劳地
And I ' ll be sad.
A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mea n girl. Then, the shock. "It ' s you, honey,
” My mother said sadly.
To my mother, the poem revealed a pare nt
' s affectio n whe n her child grows up and
leaves. To me, the “ she ” in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible I burst out crying.
“What' s wrong? ” my mother asked.
“Oh Mama ” I cried. "I don ' t want to grow up ever! ”
She smiled. “ Hon ey, it ' s okay. You ' re not grow ing up any time soon. And whe n you do, I ' ll
56. A. refer 57. A. agreeme nt 58. A. bossy 59. A. ask ing 60. A. doubli ng 61. A. ho noured
62. A. econo mically B. traditi on ally
63. A. deny
64. A. virtual on-the-sce ne 65. A. opinion
Sectio n B
B. con tribute B. practice B. experie need
B. trai ning B. mai ntai ning
B. left
B. admit
B. i
neffective B. risk
C. object C. electio n
C. wester n C. warni ng C. reduci ng C. crowded
C. in adequately C. assume
C. day-to-day C. performa nee
D. apply
D. impressi on D. male D. firing D. estimati ng D. compared
D. occasi on ally D. ensure
D.
D. attractive ness