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2012年大学英语六级考试语法精华

2012年大学英语六级考试语法精华
2012年大学英语六级考试语法精华

最牛英语口语培训模式:躺在家里练口语,全程外教一对一,三个月畅谈无阻!

洛基英语,免费体验全部在线一对一课程:https://www.wendangku.net/doc/249651270.html,/ielts/xd.html(报名网址)大学英语六级考试语法精华

从句分为定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句。其中定语从句又可以分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。在复习从句的时候要注意它们的引导词以及限制条件。

1 、在非限制性定语从句中which 可以作主语,as 则一般不用作主语;

2 、在状语从句中用来表示"一……就"的习惯搭配有hardly /scarely ...,no sooner …than ;

3 、可以引导原因状语从句的符合连词有in that ,now that 。seeing that ,considering that …等;

4 、在名词性从句中应该注意whether 和if 的区别。Whether 引导的从句可以放在句首,而if 则不行;if 引导的从句可以有否定的形式,而whether 从句就不行;whether 和or not 可以连起来用,但if 和0r not 就不能连用,or not 必须放在句末。

看一道例题:

And _______fifty years ago "being employed" meant working as a factory labour or as a farmhand ,the employee of today is increasingly a middle class person with a substantial formal education ,holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills .

A .when

B .which

C .as

D .that

抛开前面的从句先不看,后面主句的意思是今天雇员越来越多地成为中产阶级,受过扎实的正规教育,担任需要智力和技能的专业工作或管理工作。从句的意思是50 年前,被雇佣就意味着在工厂或农场里当劳力。显然前后句所表达的并非同一个概念,空格中应该填入表示让步的连词,引导从句。when 在这里的用法比较特殊,它可以代替although ,所以正确答案是 A 。又如:You describe the boy as stupid ,when in fact he is very smart .你把那个男孩说得很笨,但是实际上他非常聪明。

时态

英语中最常见以及常考的时态是一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时、现在进行时等八种。这些时态我们几乎在每次使用英语的时候,无论是说话或者是写作,都会遇到,一般用法早已熟记于心了,复习的时候只要留心

他们的一些特殊用法,这里以现在完成时和现在( 完成) 进行时为例。

现在完成时的一些特殊用法:

l 、在this is(it is)the first time that …句型中,从句常用完成时态。如:It is the second time he has been out with her .

2 、have been t0 与have gone to 的区别。前者侧重表示经历过,说话人可能已经不在那个地方,或者已经回来了。而后者表示已经去了那里,说话的时候可能还在那里,或者在去那里的路上。

3 、用在时间或条件状语从句中,表示将来某个动作发生之前业已完成的动作,如:I ' ll go to see the film as soon as I have finished my homework .我一做完作业就去看电影。其中做完作业的动作在看电影动作之前完成。

4 、when 引起的疑问句中一般不用现在完成时,因为询问者关心的是事情发生的具体时间现在( 完成) 进行时除了表示正在进行的动作之外,还主要有以下的用法:

l 、与频度副词如always ,continually ,constantly 。forever 等状语连用,表示经常发生的,具有持续性动作的事情,或者表示不满,或者心中抱怨。如:She is always thinking 0f others .她总是替别人着想。

2 、与hope 、wonder 、want 等词连用,表示婉转的口气,例如:I ' m wondering if you could lend me some money .

3 、另外还因该注意到,表示心理状态、情感、感觉、所有关系及特征等状态的动词一般不用进行时,如:smell ,taste ,sound ,notice ,hate ,like ,love ,believe ,understand ,Want ,seem ,appear ,contain ,see ,hear ,agree ,belong 等。

看一道相关的例题:

The company _______a rise in salary for ages 。but nothing has happened yet .

A .is promised

B .has been promising

C .is promising

D .promised

这个句子的意思是说公司长期以来一直答应增加工资,但依然毫无结果。句子中有时间状语for ages 。它常与现在完成时连用,这种时态强调动作的持续性,表示现在以前的这一段时间里一直在做而且现在仍然在进行的一个动作。另外,but 以后的从句也表示了现在完成时,说明和现在有关。正确答案应该是

B ,可以和现在完成进行时连用的表示一段时间的状语还有for a year ,these few weeks .since early morning ,since yesterday ,for about two hours 等。把它们与进行时用在一起表示动作正在和一直在延续进行。

不定式

动词不定式是非谓语动词的重要组成部分,在六级考试中非谓语动词部分是一个重点。常跟不定式的动词有agree, fail ,promise ,afford ,ask ,happen ,resolve ,attempt .hesitate, seek, long ,threaten ,claim ,manage ,trouble ,consent, neglect, try ,decide ,offer ,undertake ,demand ,plan .volunteer ,determine ,prepare ,want ,pretend ,wish ,endeavor ,proceed ,struggle 等,在了解了加to 的单词之后,我们来看一看在什么情况下单词to 可以被省略。

l 、在一般助动词或者情态动词之后to 可以被省略。

2 、在动词make ,let ,watch ,see …之后作宾语的时候,to 可以被省略。

3 、在why 和why not 之后to 可以被省略,如:Why spend such a lot of time? 为什么花这么多时问? 和Why not go right now? 为什么不现在去呢?

4 、在had better ,had best ,would rather ,had sooner, cannot but ,do nothing but 等结构后面to 可以被省略。

下面看一道有关不定式的例题:

We sometimes imagine a desert island _______a sort of paradise ,where the sun always shines .

A .to have

B .to be

C .having

D .being

整个句子的意思是,我们有时候把荒岛想象成天堂,那里终日阳光普照。imagine 后面常跟to be+ 形容词( 或者名词或反身代词) 结构,根据这个知识点,正确答案为 B 。

可以跟这种结构的动词还有think ,consider ,believe ,find ,feel ,know ,declare ,guess ,prove ,suppose 等。这个结构中的to be 常可以省略,如:They found him guilty .他们发现他有罪。

主谓一致

在英语中,最重要的一致关系就是主谓一致了,一般来说单数主语用单数动词,复数主语用复数动词。但是主语有时候并不仅仅是简单的单数或者复数。比如说集合名词就既能当单数主语又可以作复数主语。另外如不定代词、不定式,以及从句等都能作主语,它们的单复数就不那么容易划分了,这样使用单复数动词的相应具体规则也比较多,但是这些规则基本上都离不开三个大的原则。

1 、语法一致。如:the boy plays 和the boys play 完全符合语法上一致的原则,也可以说是基本原则。

2 、意义一致,或者是概念一致。动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念,而不是一味由表面的语法标记决定的。如集合名词team 本身就有复数的意思,表示整个球队的队员们,如:The basketball team are warming up .篮球队队员们正在做热身运动。

3 、邻近词一致的原则,也可以说是近邻原则。即动词的数要与它紧挨着的名词,或者代词的数一致。如:Mike is one of the brightest students who have graduated from Harvard University ,在这个句子里,最靠近从句中的先行词的是students ,而不是one ,所以句子中的动词采用复数形式。实际上,一般用one of+ 复数名词时,后面的who 引出的定语从句都是修饰复数名词,但如用the only one of+ 复数名词时,who 引出的定语从句中的动词则应用单数形式,因为该从句修饰的是one .

关于主谓一致的问题,另外还有几点需要注意:

l 、当中心词为度量、距离、价格等复数名词的时候,谓语动词则采用单数形式。如:Two miles is a short distance .

2 、在如many a+ 单数名词;each …and each …组后面,谓语动词仍然用单数形式。如:Many a student makes the same mistake .

3 、当主语后面跟由with ,together with ,but ,along with ,like .in addition to ,as well as ,as much as ,rather than ,except 等连接的词组时,其谓语动词的形式依主语的单复数形式而定。如:Statistics as well as physics always causes me a lot of headaches .在这里,谓语cause 的形式就要依据主语statistics ,而不用考虑as well as 后面加的另外一个名词。学科的名词都要用单数谓语动词,所以应该是causes. 相关例题:

Every policeman and fireman _______on the alert .

A .have been

B .was

C .are

D .were

这道题目的知识点正是上文中提到过的第二点,在each …and each …,every …and every …,no …and no …之后的谓语动词应该采取单数的形式,所以正确答案应该是 B ,每一个警察和火警人员都保持警戒状态。

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9月大学英语六级考试试题及参考答案

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2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题(第1套)

2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题(第1套) Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of motivation and methods in learning. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. PartⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A) why Roman Holiday was more famous than Breakfast at Tiffany’s. B)why Audrey Hepburn had more female fans than male ones. C)Why the woman wanted to be like Audrey Hepburn. D)why so many girls adored Audrey Hepburn. 2. A)Her unique personality. B)Her physical condition. C)Her shift of interest to performing arts. D)Her famil y’s suspension of financial aid. 3. A) She was not an outgoing person. B)She was modest and hardworking C)She was easy-going on the whole. D)She was usually not very optimistic. 4. A)She was influenced by the roles she played in the films. B)Her parents taught her to symbolize with the needy. C)She learned to volunteer when she was a child. D)Her family benifited from other people’s help. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the recording you have just heard. 5. A) Give a presentation. B)Rise some questions. C)Start a new company. D)Ateed a board meeting. 6. A) It will cut production costs. B)It will raise productivities. C)No staff willl be dismissed. D)No new staff will be hired. 7. A)The timeline of restructuring.

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