英语时态——现在完成时精讲和练习
英语时态——现在完成时精讲和练习
I.定义：
表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可以表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态
II.
注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。
如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。
III.现在完成时的标志
1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响, 现在完成时通常和，ever, never, twice（once…）, so far（到目前为止）, since，for，in the past/last few years（在过去几年）, already（肯定句）, yet（否定，疑问句）, just(刚刚), before（以前）, recently （近来）等词连用
说明：already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。yet 常用于否定句和疑问句，并用于句末。例如：
I have already finished my homework.
I haven’t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet?
They have left. (他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里)
I have had my lunch. (我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿)
I can’t find my watch now. I think I have already lost it.
2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手。
①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（过去从句）为标志
注意：1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, three years ago 等;
2)不能与when连用
IV.现在完成时的用法
A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。例如：
The car has arrived.车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口）
Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着）
B. 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。例如：
My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。
Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。
How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？
如：(1)这本书我已经买了三个月了。
错误：I have bought the book for three months.
正确：I have had the book for three months.
(2)你哥哥参军多长时间了？
错误：How long has your brother joined the army?
正确：How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier?
英语中的短暂性动词和延续性动词
英语动词根据词义可分为两种，一种是延续性的，一种是终止性的。动词按其动作发生的方式，动作发生过程的长短，分为延续性动词和终止性动词。
延续性动词表示的动词是一种延续的动作，这种动词可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。如：learn，work，stand，lie，know，walk，keep，have，wait，watch，sing，read，sleep，live等。
终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词，表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生立即结束，产生某种结果。在有了某种结果之后，就不能再继续下去。如：leave，start，set out，arrive，reach，get to，begin，stop，shut，turn off，marry，put，put on，get up，wake，fall，join，receive，finish，end，complete，become，come，go，die，close，open，break，give，jump，buy，borrow等。所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用，即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+时间段, since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中。终止性动词要表示持续时, 可用以下方法:
⑴.将时间状语改为时间段+ ago，句中谓语动词用一般过去时。
eg.我弟弟参军两年了. My brother joined the army two years ago.
⑵.若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句, 或用在how long 句型中,则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词。
→My brother has been in the army for two years.
→My brother has been a soldier for two years
将短暂性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语即可和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有如下几种：
a．直接替换，即用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：buy→have，borrow→ keep，come ／go ／become→be，catch ／get a cold→have a cold，等。
b．be＋名词：join the Party ／League→be a Party ／League member，go to school→be a student，join the army→be a soldier等。
c．be＋形容词／副词：die→be dead，leave→be away（from），put on→be on，finish ／end→be over，begin ／start→be on，come→be here ／in，fall asleep→be asleep，go out→be out等。
d．be＋介词短语：go to school→be in ／at school，join the army→ be in the army等。
e．去掉短语中的短暂性动词：get to know→know，come to work→work，begin to study→study等。
1．终止性动词的用法
1）终止性动词可用来表示某一动作的完成，因此可用于现在完成时。如：The plane has arrived.飞机到了。
I have finished my homework. 我已完成了作业。
2）终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续，所以其现在完成时（只限于肯定式）不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：
①他死了三年了。误：He has died for three years．
②他来这儿三个月了。误：he has come here for three months．
①②两句中的动词die和come都为终止性动词，它们可用于完成时，但不能同表示一段时间的状语for three years ／months连用。那这两句如何译成英语呢？我们可采用下列方法：
A．用能够表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词。如：
①He has been dead for three years．
②He has been here for three months．
B．把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为表示过去时间的状语，原动词的完成时改为过去时。如：
①He died three years ago．
②He came here three months ago．
C．用“It is ／has been ＋一段时间＋since（一般过去时）”结构。如：
①It is ／has been three years since he died．
②It is ／has been three months since he came here．
D．用“多长时间＋has passed ＋since（一般过去时）”结构。如：
①Three years has passed since he died．
②Three months has passed since he came here．
3）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已成为一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：
I haven't heard from him for two weeks．我已两个星期没收到他的信了。
He hasn't left here since 1990．自从1990年以来，他一直没有离开过这儿。4）终止性动词的否定式同until一起连用，构成“not．．．until”结构，意为“直到……才……”，表示这个动作直到until所表达的时间到来时才发生。如：We won't go to visit the Great Wall until the rain stops．直到雨停了我们才会去参观长城。
—When did you go to bed last night？昨晚你几点钟点上床睡觉的？
—I didn't go to bed until my father got home．直到我爸爸到家我才上床睡觉。5）在while（表示“一段时间”）引导的从句中，不能用终止性动词，但when可以，因为when可表示“时间的点”，也可表示“一段时间”。如：
误：While I got to the village，it was dark．
正：When I got to the village，it was dark．
6）终止性动词肯定式的完成时不能和how long连用。如：
误：How long have you borrow the book？
可改用延续性动词或与when连用的一般过去时。
正：How long have you kept the book？
正：When did you borrow the book？
2．延续性动词的用法
1）延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时可以同一段时间状语连用。如：
I have waited for him for nearly two hours．我等他快两个小时了。
2）终止性动词不能和表一段时间的状语连用。同样，延续性动词也不能和表示短暂时间的时间点连用。如：
误：It rained at eight yesterday morning．
rain为延续性动词，而at eight是表示时间点的状语，显然矛盾。如果要用延续性动词表示一瞬间的行为，可以借助come，get，begin等终止性动词来表达。上句可改为：
It began to rain at eight yesterday morning．
3）在until引导的时间状语从句中，若主句的谓语动词是持续性动词，既可以用肯定形式，也可以用否定形式，但句子含义不同。试比较：
She listened to the radio until her father came back．她一直听收音机到她父亲回来。
She didn't listen to the radio until her father came back．直到她父亲回来才听收音机。
延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2810449131.html,e/go/arrive/get/reach/move------be in/at
2. come/go out— be out
3.go/come —be here
4. leave —be away / from
5. join the army----be in the army /be a soldier
join the Party----be in the Party /be a Party member
6.die —be dead
7. catch a cold —have a cold
8. begin / start =be on
9.end/finish-----be over 10. put on —wear11. buy —have12. borrow —keep13. become —be14. fall asleep —be asleep
15. fall ill/sick —be ill/sick
16. lose —be lost17. get to know— begin to know
18. go to sleep/get to sleep=sleep19. get up —be up20. close —be closed
21. move —be out of22. break —be broken23. marry —be married
24. go —be away25. wake —be awake26. get to know --- know
27.wear→put on 28. open —be open
用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词，句中谓语动词用现在完成时，时间状语为“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点”。如：
He has been in the Green China for three years.
He has been a member of the Green China for three years.
他加入“绿色中国”已经三年了。
The old man died 4 years ago.---- The old man has been dead for 4 years.
He joined the Party 2 years ago.---- He has been in the Party for 2 years.
I bought the book 5 days ago.---- I have had the book for 5 days.
表示时间段的短语有:
for+一段时间(for 2 years), since+从句(since he came here), since+时间点名词( since last year, since 5 days ago),how long; for a long time等。
V.现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别
1一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
I saw this film yesterday.（强调动作发生的时间是yesterday 。）
I have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）
2一般过去时和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：…ago, last week/...，i n 2008, in the past, just
now, the day before yesterday, yesterday ..., then(那时),that day, one day, once(从前) 现在完成时常和recently（近来），ever, never, twice,so far（到目前为止）, since，for，in the past/last few years , already（肯定句）, yet（否定，疑问句）, just(刚刚), before （以前）连用。现在完成时不与表示过去的时间状语连用。
现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
VI.比较since和for
since 后接时间点，for后接时间段，试比较：
I have lived here for more than twenty years.
I have lived here since I was born.
My aunt has worked in a company since 1949.
I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.
VII.比较have/has been to、have/has gone to 和have been in
have(has) been to...表示“曾去过某地，已经从那里回来了”，可以和ever、never、twice 等连用。have(has) gone to表示“已经去了某地，在去那里的途中或到达那里还没有回来”。have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等
He went to Shanghai last week 上周他去了上海
He has been to Shanghai.
他(曾经)到/去过上海.(但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了)
He has gone to Shanghai.
他已经去上海了.(也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里) Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.
布朗先生来上海已经有三天了
现在完成时练习（1）
I. 延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化
1.He died 10 years ago. ——He ______________ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.
2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. ——He _____________the book for 2 weeks.
3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. ——He ___________the motorbike for a month.
4. He arrived here three days ago.—He ____________here since three days ago.
5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. —— The light __________for 2 hours.
6. He left here 2 years ago.——— He ____________from here for 2 years.
7. The film began 30 minutes ago. ——The film __________ for 30 minutes.
8. They opened the door an hour ago. —— The door __________ for an hour.
9. They closed the door an hour ago. ——The door ___________for an hour.
10. He joined the army last year. ——He _____________ a _______ for a year.
= He _____________ the army for a year. = It ____ a year ____ he joined the army.
II. 单项选择。
( )1.The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .
A. is writing
B.was writing
C.wrote
D.has written
( )2.Have you met Mr. Li ____？
A. Just
B. ago
C.before
D.a moment ago
( )3.—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months .
A. been
B. gone
C. come
D. arrived
( )4.—Our country ____ a lot so far .
—Yes. I hope it will be even ______ .
A. has changed ; well
B. changed ; good
C. has changed ; better
D. changed; better ( )5.—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.
A.Did; do; finished
B.Have; done; finished
C.Have; done; have finished
D. will; do; finish ( )6.We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
A. know
B. had known
C. have known
D. knew
( )7.Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _____ twice.
A. will see
B. have seen
C. saw
D.see
( )8.—These farmers have been to the United States .
—Really? When _____ there ?
A. will they go
B.did they go
C. do they go
D. have they gone
( )9.Zhou Lang ______already ______in this school for two years .
A. was ; studying
B. will ; study
C. has ; studied
D. are; studying
( )10. His father ______ the Party since 1998 .
A.joined
B. has joined
C. was in
D. has been in
( )11. —Do you know him well ? — Sure .We ______ friends since ten years ago .
A. were
B. have been
C. have become
D. have made
( )12. He has ___ been to Shanghai, has he ?
A. already
B.never
C.ever
D. still
( )13. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
A. has begun
B. had begun
C. has been on
D. began
( )14. It ___ ten years since he left the army .
A. Is
B. has
C. will
D. was
( )15. Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library.
A.has gone
B. went
C.will go
D. has been
( )16. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
A. have been in
B. have been to
C. have gone to
D. have been
( )17. The students have cleaned the classroom, ____?
A. so they
B. don’t they
C. have they
D. haven’t they
( ) 18. has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since heto China?
A. How soon, comes
B. How often, got
C. How long, came
D. How far, arrived
( )19. His unclefor more than 9 years.
A. has come here
B. has started to work
C. has lived there
D. has left the university
III. 句型转换。
1. He has never surfed, ____________ ?（改成附加疑问句）
2. They have been here since 2001. (提问) ___________ have they been here?
3. The old man _________ last year. He ____________for a year. (die) （动词填空）
4. This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ____________________ for twenty years.
5. Miss Green left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Green ____________________ an hour ago.
6. Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
IV. 汉译英。
1. 他昨天收到一封信。________________________________________________
2. 我父亲以前到过长城。_______________________________________________
3. 她去过上海。______________________________________________________
4. 他这些天上哪儿去了？____________________________________
现在完成时练习（2）
一、单项选择。
1. —______ you ___ your homework yet ?
—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A.Did ; do ; finished
B.Have ; done ; finished
C.Have ; done ; have finished
D.will ; do ; finish
2. His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A. joined
B. has joined
C. was in
D. has been in
3. —Do you know him well ?
— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
A. were
B. have been
C. have become
D. have made
4.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes.
A. has left
B. had left
C. has been away
D. had been away
5. I ______ the League for 5 years so far.
A. joined
B. have joined
C. have been in
6.The factory ____ since the February of 1988.
A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened
7.Mary and Rose ____friends since they met in 2000.
A. have made
B. have been
C. made
D. have become
8.The meeting _____ for a week now.
A. has finished
B. has ended
C. has been over
9.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.
A. has been in
B. has come to
C. has taught
10. How long _______ he ________ ?
A. died
B. has, died
C. has, been dead
11. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.
A. slept
B. was sleeping
C. has sleep
D. had slept
12.He ________ the car for a week.
A. bought
B. has bought
C. has had
13.-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks.
A. did fall
B. have, fell
C. have, been
14.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days.
A. borrow
B. keep
C. take
15.----- How long can I ______ the book? ------ Two weeks.
A. borrow
B. lend
C. get
D. keep
二、句型转换。
1.He has never surfed, ______?（改成反意疑问句）
2. This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ______ for twenty years.
3. Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
4. The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.
三、用过去时或现在完成时填空：
1. “_________ you __________ (have) lunch ?” “Yes.”
“When ________ you __________ (have) it?” “I ____________ (have) it at 12:00.”
2. “_________ you __________ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?”
“Yes, I ___________. I ________________ (write) one last week.”
3. “_________ he ___________ (finish) his homework?” “Not yet.”
4. “_________ they ever __________ (be) abroad?” “Yes, just once.”
5. Your father _________ just ___________ (finish) his work.
6. Your father _________ (finish) his work just now.
7. Last term I __________ (learn) many English words.
8. They ____________ (not read) the interesting books yet.
9. He _____________ never ____________ (go) to the science museum.
10. ____________ you ever ____________ (drink) coke?
11.Have you _____________ (buy) a dictionary? “ “Yes, I __________ .”
“Where______ you ___________(buy) it?” “ I _________(buy) it in a bookstore.”
“When ___________ you _____________ (buy) it?” “ Yesterday.”
四、用since和for填空
1. ______ two years
2._______ two years ago
3. _______ last month
4.______ 1999
5._______ yesterday
6. _______ 4 o’clock
7. ______ 4 hours
8. _______ we were children 9.______ she left here
10. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.
11. I’ve known him __________ we were children.
12. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.
13. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.
14. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.
五、用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。
1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country.
2) David ________ the park just now.
3) John _______ England since he came back.
4) How long _____ have _____ this village?
5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for years.
6) _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times.
7) I _____ this school since three years ago.
8) Where is Jim? He _____ the farm.
9) When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago.
10) Would you like to _____ the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I _____ there before.
11) Where _____ you _____ now? --- I ____ the zoo.
12) He often _____ swimming.
13) _____ you ______ there last year?
14) _____ they often ______ skating in winter?
六、综合练习:
I. 用never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework ________ an hour ago.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
最新现在完成时讲义及练习
Grammar语法:simple present tense 现在完成时 A表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I am doing my homework. I have done my homework. B表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在，而且可能还要继续下去。 I’ve known Alice for three years. 现在完成时的构成： 主语+have/has +动词的过去分词. I have done my homework. 1.否定：have, has后面加not . I have not done my homework. 2.一般疑问句：have, has提到主语前Have you done your homework? 区别： has gone to:表示某人已去了某地，而没有回来(去了没回) has been to :表示去过某地(去过已回来) has been in/at(in表示相对大一些的地点;at表示相对小一些的地点): 表示一直呆在某地,常与时间段搭配. since+时间点=for+时间段since+一般过去时态的时间状语从句=since+时间点+ago
现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用 already(肯定句中)，yet(否定，疑问，句末)，just(刚刚), before(之前), recently(最近), still, lately, never等: I have already finished my work. I haven’t finished my work yet.(否定句) Have you finished your work yet?(一般疑问句) 动词过去式和过去分词的变化相同 一般在动词词尾直接ed. 如：pick → picked → picked; wish → wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed A-A-A: let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read, cut→cut→cut A-B-B: lend → lent → lent; build → built → built; send → sent → sent buy → bought → bought; bring → brought → brought; A-B-C: choose→chose→chosen do→did→done see→saw→seen drink→drank→drunk go→went→gone take→took→taken A-B-A: run→ran→run come→came→come
英语现在完成时态讲解学习资料
现在完成时 一、定义：表示一个动作在过去发生并对现在产生影响 表示一个动作由过去发生持续到现在有可能停下，也有可能延续下去 表示一个动作从过去开始发生到目前为止已经发生多次。 二、构成：现在完成时是由“助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词”构成的， 其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需加强记忆。 如：I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。 My brother has done his homework already. 我的弟弟已经做完他的作业了。 友情提示：在现在完成时的各种结构中，have, has均为助动词，无实际意义，只起构成时态的作用，不可省略。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。 过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词： AAA型 原型过去式过去分词 burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put set set set shut shut shut
英语语法精讲精练：第2讲 现在完成时-精选文档
第2讲：现在完成时 现在完成时的定义： 现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；而与一般过去时相比，一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。试比较: The plane has arrived. 飞机已经来了.(说明现在的情况,飞机在这儿.) The plane arrived an hour ago. 飞机是在一小时前抵达的(强调动作发生的时间.) 现在完成时的结构： 肯定句: 主语＋have/has＋过去分词（done） Lily has returned from America. ★变否定句在have/has后面加not 主语＋have/has＋not+过去分词（done） Lily has not returned from America. ★变一般疑问句将have/has移到句首 主语＋have/has＋not+过去分词（done） Has Lily returned from America? 肯定回答及否定回答：Yes，she has./ No， she hasn’t. ★变特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 特殊疑问词（how/what/why/when/where）＋have/has＋主语＋过去分词(done) Where has Lily returned from? 现在完成时的用法： 在学习这一概念的同时，还应注意常与现在完成时连用的几个副词：already，just，ever，yet，never等。already，just多用于肯定句中，ever，yet，never多用于疑问句和否定句中。如： I have already finished my homework．我已经做完家庭作业了。 He has just had his meal．他刚吃过饭。 Have you ever sung this English song？你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？ They haven't started yet．他们还没有动身。 We have never heard of it．我们从来没有听说过这件事。
英语现在完成时专项训练100(附答案)含解析
英语现在完成时专项训练100(附答案)含解析 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．It has been three years since I ______ a teacher. A. become B. became C. becoming D. to become 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】题意：现在完成时里，since从句里动词应用一般过去时。故选B。 【点评】考查现在完成时和表示一段时间的时间状语的连用用法，理解题意，即可得出答案。 2．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。 【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 3．All the skirts .They very well. A. sold out;are sold B. sell out;have sold C. have been sold out;sell D. have sold out;sell 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：所有的裙子都卖完了，他们非常畅销。第一空sell out“卖完”，强调裙子已经被卖完的状态，本句用现在完成时的被动语态：has/have+been+过去分词，sell 的过去分词为sold；第二空sell作“销售”解释时用主动语态，在此处表一直卖得很好的状态，用一般现在时。故选C。 【点评】本题考查一般现在时和现在完成时的被动语态，注意sell的不同语态和用法。 4．—The drama series The Thunder （破冰行动） hits screens these days. —Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet, A. doesn't watch B. didn't watch C. won't watch D. haven't watched 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。——哦。真遗憾！我任何一集也没有看过。根据Oh. What a pity!可知我没有看过。过去的动作对现在造成的影响和 yet也，常和现在完成时的否定结构连用，可知此处用现在完成时。故选D。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时。注意yet常和现在完成时连用。
现在完成时讲解及练习(附答案)-名师精讲
现在完成时讲解及练习(附答案)-名师精讲
现在完成时 先看几个例句： 1. I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间。 2. He hasn’t finished his homework. 他还没完成作业。 3. Have you read this novel ? 你看过这本小说吗？ : make--- hurry---watch--- swim--- be--- talk--- want--- study--- stop--- take--- see--- like---
二、用法：1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了) They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch.--我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿 2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态, I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。 She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时 3表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历. I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。) I have been there twice. 动词填空： 1._____ you ________(clean) the room? Yes, we __________(do) that already. When _______ you ______(do) it?
现在完成时趣味讲解
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Have you read Treasure Island yet? I’ve already read it. Have you ever been to a museum? I’ve never been to a science museum. I’ve had this bike for three years. 如果在实际的教学过程当中孤立地让学生记忆这些时间状语标志，无疑会给学生增大学习难度。为了能够提高学生的学习兴趣，我认为可以通过口诀韵律的方式让学生较快地掌握：以前（before）从来不（never）出现，最近（recently）曾经（ever）一两遍（once/twice/many times…）, 自从（since+时间点）刚刚（just）for一段（for+一段），至今（so far/up to now）已经（already/yet）很明显。 在实际的教学过程当中，教师可有意识地讲述两个“已经”(already/yet)及（since/for）的区别着重分章节讲解，让学生在有了整体概念的基础上对各个考点进行突破。 瞬间动词在现在完成时中的用法 在人教版的课本附录的语法讲解中，我们可以看到：“某些动词的现在完成时可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（包括”现在“在内）的动作或状态，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词”。如：
初三英语 动词的现在完成时态 精讲精练
初三英语上册【动词的现在完成时态】精讲精练2018.12 一、构成形式(肯定式): 主语＋助动词have/has＋过去分词＋……. ﹡过去分词: 规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同；不规则动词需要专门记忆。 [Exercise 1] ( ) 1. I Enghish in this school since 1998. (A) taught (B) have taught (C) teach (D) would teach ( ) 2. Li Lei the pen for five years. (A) has had (B) bought (C) had (D) has bought ( ) 3. Kate her grandmother's photo before. (A) haven't seen (B) have seen (C) saw (D) hasn't seen ( ) 4. Mary you these days? (A) Has, seen (B) Do, see (C) Did, see (D) Is, seeing ( ) 5. So far, we thousands of Buildings in Quanzhou. (A) build (B) have built (C) build (D) will build 二、否定式: 主语＋haven’t/hasn’t＋过去分词＋……. 疑问式: Have/Ha s＋主语＋过去分词＋……? 简略答语: Yes, 主语＋have/has.(肯定回答) / No, 主语＋haven’t/hasn’t.(否定回答) [Exercise 2] ( ) 1. He finished his homework yet. (A) doesn’t(B) haven’t(C) hasn’t (D) doesn’t have ( ) 2. —Have you finished your work? — (A) Yes, I do. (B) No, I didn’t. (C) Yes, I have. (D) No, I won’t. ( ) 3. —Has she ever learned English? —. (A) Yes, she has (B) No, she doesn’t(C) Yes, she does (D) No, she didn’t 三、现在完成时的用法之一: 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 常与already，just，yet， ever/never，before，twice，so far等连用。（这些标志词可以表达这种含义。） ⑴以already, just和yet为标志 already, just和yet表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没有发生。 He has already had dinner. He has just seen the film. He hasn’t come back yet. ⑵以ever和never为标志 ever和never表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有发生过。 This is the best film I have ever seen. He has never been to Beijing. ⑶以动作发生的次数为标志 若某一动作到现在为止已经发生了若干次，则要使用现在完成时。 He says he has been to the USA three times. ⑷以so far为标志 so far往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。 So far about 500 people have died in the earthquake. She has passed the exam so far. [Exercise 3] ( ) 1. —Have you travelled on the train? —Yes, I have. (A) never (B) ever (C) just (D) yet ( ) 2. —Have you finished your homework? —Not . (A) ever (B) already (C) yet (D) just ( ) 3. We haven't finished our homework .
中考复习专题 现在完成时专项练习题
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现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)
现在完成时讲解 一、构成: 肯定式：主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词? 否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 过去分词规则变化： a)一般情况下，直接加ed, （work---worked，water---watered, finish---finished等;） b)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, （carry---carried study---studied等;） c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词，要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。（stop---stopped，shop---shopped） d)以不发音的e结尾的动词，只加d （ 过去分词不规则变化表： 二、用法： 用法一：表示过去（已经、曾经或从未）发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 标志词：①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before, ⑦once/twice/数字+ times 例：I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了) They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。) I have been there twice. a）already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet 用于否定句和疑问句。 ?He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。 ?Has he already left here? 他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气） ?My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。 ?Have you written to your parents yet? 你已经给你父母写过信了吗？ b）never 是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而ever 表示“曾经” ?We have never been to the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。 ?Have you ever been to Canada? 你们曾经去过加拿大吗？ c）just用于句中, 表示“刚刚” ?I’ve just had breakfast. 我刚吃完早饭。 ?What have they just done? 他们刚刚做了什么？ d）before用于句末, 表示“以前” ?I’ve seen it before. 我以前见过它。 练习：用never，ever，already，before, just或yet填空。 1. I have __________seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has __________finished his homework. 3. --Have you _________seen the film? --No, I have ________seen it. 4. ---Has the bus left _______? ---Yes, it has ________ left. 5. Would you like to go to the zoo with me? Yes, but I have been there _________.
现在完成时态讲解及练习
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专项训练现在完成时专项练习
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现在完成时讲解及练习(附答案)-名师精讲 (1)
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