江苏省盐城市中考地理试卷(,含解析)

2015年盐城市初中毕业生学业考试

地理

一、选择题：本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有

一项是符合题目要求的。

（2015?盐城）读某区域等高线地形图，完成3﹣4题．

3．（1分）图中甲、乙、丙三地海拔高度由高到低排列正确的是（）

A．甲＞乙＞丙B．乙＞甲＞丙C．丙＞乙＞甲D．丙＞甲＞乙

考点：等高线地形图的判读．

分析：等高线是指把海拔高度相等的点理解起来的线，读图可得，甲的海拔高度是低于100米，乙的海拔高度是100﹣200米，甲的海拔高度是300﹣400米．

解答：解：读图可得，甲的海拔高度是低于100米，乙的海拔高度是100﹣200米，甲的海拔高度是300﹣400米．

故选：C．

解析：此题考查等高线的概念。

4．（1分）图中曹河的流向是（）

A．由西南流向东北B．由东南流向西北

C．由西北流向东南D．由东北流向西南

考点：等高线地形图的判读．

分析：指向标箭头所指的方向是北方，与北方相对的方向是南方，读图可得，图中曹河的流向是自东北流向西南．

解答：解：读图可得，曹河流位于山谷部位，该处等高线向海拔高处凸出，图中曹河的流向是东北流向西南．

故选：D．

点评：本题考查等高线地形图中方向的判读，读图解答即可．

（2015?盐城）如图为某国国徽图案，图案种的动物是该国的特有动物，读图完成5﹣6题．

5．（1分）该国家是（）

A．日本B．美国C．印度D．澳大利亚

考点：世界上的国家和地区概况．

分析：澳大利亚是南半球经济最发达的国家．被称为“世界活化石博物馆”，有许多特有生物，如袋鼠、鸸鹋、鸭嘴兽等，这些特有的生物，是在地球演化过程中保留下来的古老生物种类．

解答：解：从该国国徽图看出，该国是澳大利亚；从图中得知澳大利亚国徽左边是一袋鼠，右边是一只鸸鹋，均为澳大利亚特有的生物，是国家的标志，民族的象征．

故选：D．

点评：本题考查了澳大利亚特有的动物，根据课本知识，筛选出正确选项．

6．（1分）对该国地理特征的描述正确的是（）

A．世界著名岛国

B．世界上最发达的国家

C．世界第二人口大国

D．绵羊数量和羊毛产量世界第一

考点：世界上的国家和地区概况．

分析：澳大利亚是南半球经济最发达的国家．被称为“世界活化石博物馆”，有许多特有生物，如袋鼠、鸸鹋、鸭嘴兽等，这些特有的生物，是在地球演化过程中保留下来的古老生物种类．

解答：解：从图中得知该国国徽左边是一袋鼠，右边是一只鸸鹋，均为澳大利亚特有的生物，是澳大利亚国家的标志，民族的象征．该国由于热带草原气候广大，为发展畜牧业提供了条件，是世界上绵羊数量和羊毛产量最多的国家之一，素有“骑在羊背上的国家”之称．根据题意．

故选：D

点评：本题考查了澳大利亚特有的动物，学生根据课本知识筛选出正确选项．

（2015?盐城）巴基斯坦是我国重要的陆上邻国，中巴经济合作前景广阔．图示为正在建设的中巴经济走廊位置图．读图完成7﹣8题．

7．（1分）巴基斯坦位于（）

A．东亚B．东南亚C．南亚D．中东

考点：世界上的国家和地区概况．

分析：南亚指位于亚洲南部喜马拉雅山脉中、西段与印度洋之间的广大地区．它东濒孟加拉湾，西滨阿拉伯海，总面积约430万千米2．南亚地区包括印度、巴基斯坦、孟加拉国、尼泊尔、不丹，以及斯里兰卡和马尔代夫两个印度洋上的岛国．

解答：解：南亚地区包括印度、巴基斯坦、孟加拉国、尼泊尔、不丹，以及斯里兰卡和马尔代夫两个印度洋上的岛国．故巴基斯坦是南亚的国家．根据题意．

故选：C．

点评：本题考查了巴基斯坦的位置，学生识记课本知识点解答即可．

8．（1分）中巴经济走廊建成后，经瓜达尔港运输到我国内地的最重要战略物资是（）A．铁矿资源B．石油资源C．汽车产品D．木材资源

考点：世界上的国家和地区概况．

分析：中东是目前世界上石油储量最大、生产和输出石油最多的地区，其石油主要分布在波斯湾及其沿岸地区．目前，我国从中东进口石油，通经过的主要的海洋、海峡是印度洋、马六甲海峡和太平洋．

解答：解：中巴铁路建成后，中东的石油可通过该铁路经瓜达尔港运输到我国内地，根据题意．

故选：B．

点评：本题考查中巴铁路知识，结合所学知识点分析后解答即可．

（

（2015?盐城）图为我国某少数民族传统服饰，献哈达是该民族普遍的一种礼节．据此完成11﹣12题．

11．（1分）下列省级行政区中，有该民族几种分布的是（）

A．藏B．陕C．滇D．川

考点：民族的分布特点．

分析：中国是一个团结统一的多民族大家庭，有汉、壮、蒙古、回、藏、维吾尔、苗等56个民族．各民族中，汉族人数最多，约占全国人口总数的91.5%；其他民族人口总数约占8.5%，统称为少数民族．

解答：解：图中藏袍的衣料好，有较强的防寒作用．袍袖宽敞，在气温升高时，可以方便地褪去一只袖子，调节气温，同时有利于起居旅行．藏族人民居住在青藏高原地区，以西藏自治区（简称藏）和青海省最为集中．

故选：A．

点评：考查我国少数民族的分布，要理解记忆．

12．（1分）目前，经过该民族集中分布区的铁路干线是（）

A．兰新铁路B．成昆铁路C．哈大铁路D．青藏铁路

考点：重要的铁路干线、高铁．

分析：青藏铁路起点是青海的西宁，终点是西藏的拉萨，全长1956公里．其中海拔4000米以上的路段960公里，多年冻土地段550公里，翻越唐古拉山的铁路最高点海拔5072米，是世界上海拔最高、线路最长、穿越冻土区最长的高原铁路，被誉为“天路”．

解答：解：读图可知，图中是藏族的服饰，位于青藏高原地区，位于该区域的铁路为青藏铁路，它东起西宁，西至拉萨，是世界上海拔最高、线路最长、穿越冻土区最长的高原铁路．选项D符合题意．

故选：D．

点评：本题考查的是青藏地区的铁路干线，属于基础题．

（2015?盐城）读我国四地林木景观图片，完成13﹣14题．

13．（1分）对四地林木生长的气候环境的描述不正确的是（）

A．①地全年高温，降雨丰沛B．②地全年干旱，昼夜温差大

C．③地夏季高温多雨，雨热同期D．④地全年寒冷少雨

考点：人民生活与地理环境的关系．

分析：我国的三大林区是东北林区、西南林区和东南林区，其中最大的天然林区是东北林区，第二大天然林区是西南林区，东南林区是人工林区．

解答：解：读图可得，①位于海南省，全年高温，降雨丰沛，②位于西北干旱地区，昼夜温差大，③位于亚热带季风气候，夏季高温多雨，雨热同期，④地位于东北地区，纬度高，气候冬季寒冷少雨，夏季高温多雨，雨热同期．

故选：D．

点评：本题解题的关键是掌握我国的区域自然环境特征，并能联系植被的主要特征．

14．（1分）四地中，能够承办冬季滑雪比赛的是（）

A．①B．②C．③D．④

考点：人民生活与地理环境的关系．

分析：读图可得：图中的四个四地林木景观图片所在省区为海南省、新疆、江西省、黑龙江省，其中黑龙江省纬度最高，冬季寒冷，适宜承办冬季奥运会．

解答：解：黑龙江省纬度最高，冬季寒冷，适宜承办冬季奥运会．

故选：D．

点评：本题考查省区的位置和气候特点，较简单．

（2015?盐城）读我国环渤海经济圈位置图，完成15﹣16题．

15．（1分）该经济圈内涉及的工业基地是（）

①辽中南工业基地②京津唐工业基地③沪宁杭工业基地④珠江三角洲工业基地．

A．①②B．③④C．①③D．②④

考点：京津唐、辽中南工业基地的位置和特点．

分析：环渤海经济圈，指以辽东半岛、山东半岛、京津冀为主的环渤海滨海经济带，同时延伸辐射到山西、辽宁、山东及内蒙古中东部．环渤海地区是我国北方经济最活跃的地区．环渤海经济圈经济发展的优势条件有：矿产资源丰富，交通便利，科技力量雄厚、市场广阔等，限制环渤海经济圈发展的因素是水资源缺乏．

解答：解：读图可知，位于环渤海经济圈内的工业基地是辽中南地区和京津唐地区．

故选：A．

点评：本题考查了环渤海经济圈的有关知识，结合环渤海经济区的位置理解解答即可．

16．（1分）该经济圈发展中的主要不利条件是（）

A．煤铁资源不足B．科技力量薄弱C．淡水资源短缺D．交通运输落后

考点：京津唐、辽中南工业基地的位置和特点．

分析：环渤海经济圈是我国北方经济最活跃的地区，属于东北、华北、华东的接合部，改革开放以来，环渤海已经形成了发达便捷的交通优势，雄厚的工业基础和科技教育优势，丰富的自然资源优势，密集的骨干城市群等五大优势．

解答：解：读图可得，环渤海地区发展工业的有利条件是靠近矿产产地、资源丰富、交通便利、科技力量雄厚、工业基础好；最大的不利条件是水资源不足；

故选：C．

点评：本题考查环渤海经济圈特点，分析后理解解答有效．

（2015?盐城）读中国四大地理区域图，完成17﹣18题．

17．（1分）与图中①、②两地理区域分界线大致吻合的是（）

A． 1月10℃等温线

B．年800毫米等降水量线

C．热带与亚热带的分界线

D．半湿润区域半干旱区的分界线

考点：我四大地理区域及其划分．

分析：地理区域体现了区域内部的地理相似性，地理界线反映出区域之间的地理差异性．秦岭与淮河是我国东部重要的地理界线．在它的南北两侧，自然环境、地理景观和居民的生产生活习惯有显著的差异．

解答：解：秦岭、淮河一线是我国四大区域中，①南方地区与②北方地区的分界线；一月份0℃等温线通过的地方；800mm等降水线通过的地方；温度带中，暖温带与亚热带分界线；干湿地区中，湿润区与半湿润区分界线；温带季风气候与亚热带季风气候分界线；亚热带常绿阔叶林与温带落叶阔叶林的分界线；耕地中水田和旱地的分界线等．

故选：B．

点评：记忆秦岭﹣淮河南北两侧的地理差异可以采用比较法，提高记忆效率．

18．（1分）在我国的四大地理区域中，耕作业主要分布于（）

A．①②B．③④C．①③D．②④

考点：耕地的分布及存在的问题和对策．

分析：中国各类土地资源的空间分布不平衡，土地生产力区域差异明显．耕地主要分布在东部季风区的平原、盆地以及低缓丘陵地区，西部耕地较少，而且分布零散．

解答：解：我国各地区土地资源的质量差别很大．东部季风区，雨热同期，土壤肥沃，生产力高，集中了全国90%左右的耕地和林地．其中，②北方平原广阔，耕地多，但热量较低，降水较少，以旱地为主；①南方多丘陵、山地，但热量高，降水丰沛，以水田为主．③西北内陆光照充足，热量较为丰富，但干旱少雨，水源不足，以草地和荒漠为主，以畜牧业为主．④青藏高原区光照充足，但热量不足，土地生产力较低，畜牧业发达．

故选：A．

点评：考查我国耕地资源的分布，要理解记忆．

（2015?盐城）2015年5月10日至16日，是我国第24个“全国城市节约用水宣传周”．读下列漫画，完成19﹣20题．

19．（1分）下列对我国水资源的描述不正确的是（）

A．南方水资源丰富，北方缺乏

B．我国南方城市不存在水资源供应不足的矛盾

C．兴建水库可缓解水资源季节变化大的矛盾

D．南水北调工程可以缓解北方严重缺少的状况

考点：我国水资源的分布特点．

分析：兴修水利工程，能在相当程度上调节水资源的时空分布．但是，随着人口的增长、城市化的推进、工农业的发展，我国水资源的供需矛盾仍然十分严重．我国有半数以上的城市缺水，而水资源污染会使这一问题更加突出．南方湿润地区的一些城市，由于水资源污染也成为缺水城市．因此，节约用水，科学用水，保护水资源，防治水污染，是解决缺水问题的有效途径．

解答：解：A、我国水资源在地区分布上具有显著的不均衡性，具体表现为“东多西少，南多北少”的特点．故A不符合题意；

B、我国有半数以上的城市缺水，而水资源污染会使这一问题更加突出．南方湿润地区的一些城市，由于水资源污染也成为缺水城市．故B符合题意；

C、我国水资源的季节分配不平衡，年际变化大，有必要兴建水库，洪水期蓄水，枯水期放水，以调剂各季节的河流水量．故C不符合题意；

D、由于我国水资源地区分布不平衡，为了合理利用水资源，有必要兴建跨流域的调水工程．目前规划上马的南水北调工程，将把长江流域的水调入缺水的华北、西北地区，以缓解当地的缺水问题．故D不符合题意．

故选：B．

点评：考查我国水资源的开发与利用，要理解记忆．

20．（1分）漫画所示，实施阶梯水价的根本目的是（）

A．增加自来水公司收益B．人为抬高自来水价格

C．减少社会用水需求D．增强全民节水意识

考点：水资源的利用和保护．

分析：根据用水越多价格越贵提醒人们节约用水的做法进行解答．

解答：解：图中所示用水越多价格越贵，可以提醒人们节约用水，平时节约用水的做法有用淘米水浇花等．

故选：D．

点评：本题考查水资源的利用和保护，读图理解解答即可．

二、综合题：共10分。

21．（2015?盐城）读中国1月（冬季）平均气温分布图，完成下列各题．

（1）图中a等温线的温度是．

（2）b地较同纬度东部地区气温（高或低），其影响的主要因素

是．

（3）盐城濒临海．盐城冬季的气候特征是．

考点：冬季气温的分布特点；季风气候的特点及季风区与非季风区的划分．

分析：我国气温分布的特点是：冬季气温南北温差大，越往北气温越低，夏季全国普遍高温．

解答：解：（1）图中a是秦岭、淮河一线，该线是我国一月份0℃等温线经过的地方．（2）b地即青藏高原较同纬度东部地区气温低，其影响的主要因素是地形地势．

（3）盐城濒临黄海．盐城位于秦岭、淮河以南，属于亚热带季风气候，冬季的气候特征是温和少雨．

故答案为：（1）0℃；（2）低；地形地势；（3）黄；温和少雨．

点评：本题考查我国气温的分布等，读图解答即可．

22．

2020年盐城中考英语试题

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2017年盐城市中考英语试卷含答案解析(Word版)

江苏省盐城市2017 年初中毕业与升学考试 英语试题 一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分） 从A、B、C 、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 1. _____ April 1 China announced that it would build the Xiongan New Area in Hebei province. A. On B. In C. At D. To 【答案】A 【解析】考查介词。句意：四月 1 号，中国宣布将在河北建造一个雄安新区。April ，四月，在月份前介词要用on,故选A。 2. Jackie Chan won an Oscar after ____ 56-year-long career in the film industry. A. he B. his C. him D. himself 【答案】B 【解析】考察代词。句意：在成龙52年的电影职业生涯中, 他获得了奥斯卡奖。这里表示“他的职业生涯” , 用his，故选B。 3. ____ fine weather it is! Let 's go on a picnic! A. What a B. what C. How D. How a 【答案】B 【解析】考查感叹句。句意：多么好的天气啊！让我们去野餐吧！首先, weather 为不可数名词,前面不能 加不定冠词，故排除A、D。感叹句有两种，一种是用what引导，修饰名词，格式为what+（a/an）+形容词+ 名词+主语+谓语+其它成份；how引导的感叹句主要修饰形容词或副词，格式为How+形容词（或副词）+ 主语+谓语+其它成份。这里是对天气进行感叹,是名词,故选B。 4. When a virus comes into our body, we get ill. The same thing ____ also happen to a computer. A. should B. need C. can D. must 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：当病毒入侵我们的身体,我们就会生病,同样的事也会发生在电脑身上。A should应该；B need需要；B can 能; D must。这里表示"能、可以”，故选C。