2020年高考英语原创专题卷：《七选五说明类专练》

原创英语专题卷

专题：七选五说明类专练

（90分钟 100分）

考点01：冠词 3颗星

考点03：介词和介词短语 2颗星

考点04: 名词 3颗星

考点06：形容词和副词 5颗星

考点08：非谓语动词 5颗星

考点09：动词的时态和语态 5颗星

考点10：定语从句 3颗星

考点12 并列连词 4颗星

考点13 状语从句 3颗星

考点24：七选五说明文专练 5颗星

第I卷（选择题）（每题2分，共40分）

一．七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A

【来源】黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学2017届高三下学期第一次模拟考试

考点24中难

You must have written your research paper, your personal essay, your book review-----whatever your school class requires. You think you have provided good information in the needed number of words.___16___

But is it really done? Many teachers and professional writers believe that writing is revision.___17___

Revision of writing is a necessary skill for students. The classroom is a good place to practice patience, concentration and listening. There are rewards with spending time with your thoughts and really taking time to compose your ideas in an orderly and reasonable way. You should put away your paper after you have written a first version, or draft. Wait several hours, maybe overnight, before working on it more.___18___ Not only are you refreshed, but you’re looking at things through different eyes. That’s what revision literally means—to see again through different eyes.

Following a four-step process may help you with your paper. The first step in the process is invention. It includes forming many questions about your subject. It is called “question-storming”.___19___Then comes the revision period. Take your time to read what you’ve written, to think about it, and maybe to re-shape it based on

what y ou see now, as a kind of new person looking at it with a reader’s eyeglasses rather than a writer’s. The fourth step is called “publication”.____20____In a sense, anytime you turn it over to another person, that’s publication. Probably, the process takes away some of the tension of writing. And worry about the quality of your writing often disappears when you share that writing.

A. Perfect writing is not possible.

B. In the second step, you draft and compose a paper.

C. And you feel good because your work is finished.

D. This is just like returning to a job after a vacation.

E. This does not mean your writing is professional publication.

F. What is most important is getting your thoughts and ideas on paper.

G. In other words, writing well means making needed changes and rewriting.

B

【来源】2017年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷）考点24中难

Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 71

One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 72 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强)connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.

Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元)in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to from the next day. 73

Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.

If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night’s, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information-our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.

Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.

A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.

B. Ti’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.

C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.

D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.

E. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.

F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.

G. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains

of 12 mice.

C

【来源】2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试Ⅲ卷考点24中难

Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock

36 Here is how to make one.

● 37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise,

or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.

●Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider

re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags.

38 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.

●Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found.

39

●Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.

A. Get a sleep specialist.

B. Find the right motivation.

C. A better plan for sleep can help.

D. And consider setting a second alarm.

E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.

F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.

G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.

D

【来源】2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试浙江卷考点24中难

How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews

The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 31 But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.

●When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews

for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions

relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, ＂Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?＂ 32

●Hit the streets with confidence. 33 Say, ＂Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.＂This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.

●Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Don’t get discouraged.

● 34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won’t be able to use it.

A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 35

●If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don’t leave work without them.

A. Limit your time.

B. As you approach people, be polite.

C. If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one.

D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.

E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.

F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.

G. With a question like this, you will get more than a ＂Yes＂ or ＂No＂ reply.

第II卷（非选择题）（每题1.5分，共60分）

语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

（1）【来源】(2016·山西重点中学协作体模拟)

The Descendants of the Sun(太阳的后裔) that really __1__考点09 (earn) the praise(reputation)of K－drama fans. It made its debut(首映) on February 24, 2016 with an average of 13 percent in the Seoul National Capital Area. The next night, ratings__2__考点09 (go)up an average of two percent.__3__考点06 (apparent), those two episodes set up Descendants of the Sun as it dominated the competition with its third episode.__4_考点03 nationwide and Seoul National Capital Area for both TNmS Ratings and AGB Nielson, the K－drama earned over 20 percent viewership ratings(收视率)．

For those __5_考点10 do not know what Descendants of the Sun is about, it is a drama about the love of people who get__6__考点06 (close) as they learn to be considerate of each other in desperate times. It is also about the sacrifices made by people who throw themselves__7__考点03 natural disasters. Captain Yoo Shi Jin(柳

大尉) (Song Joong Ki宋仲基) is the team leader of the Special Warfare Command of the United Nations Peacekeeping Troops. By request of the UN, he is__8__考点08 (station) in the war－torn country of Uruk(乌鲁克)．__9_考点06 he meets Kang Mo Yeon(姜暮烟) (Song Hye Kyo宋慧乔), a volunteer doctor with Doctors Without Borders.__10__考点13 they work alongside each other, they clash and fall in love.

（2）【来源】(2016·临沂一模)

I was living a life in my screen and hardly noticed what__1__考点09 (be)around me. I was always checking the time and thinking of future__2__考点04 (plan)．My thought was：“Who’s going to text me now? What will I do next？” My bedtime routine was usually centered__3__考点03one thing：my phone.__4__考点13 I went to sleep，I browsed through news websites and checked my emails. When I woke up in the middle of the night, I did the same thing. The problem with this was that I felt anxious every night.

So when my friends invited me__5__考点08 (go)for a long weekend camping without the cell service，I thought this was__6__考点06 (exact) what I needed. Here’s how__7__考点08 (keep)away from my phone for 48 hours changed me and my way of life.

Without my phone，I__8__考点09 (fall)asleep listening to the songs of frogs and crickets .In the morning，I woke up energy. Sitting by the river，riding a bike，or singing the old songs，I __9__考点06 (true)enjoyed what I was doing.

I felt free without my phone at weekend camp，__10__考点10 changed me completely.

I listened to what my body wanted instead of what my phone was telling me to do.

（3）【来源】(2016·株洲市质检)

In the West, most families have pets, like cats, dogs, and birds. If you live__1_考点03a farm you also have horses, sheep, goats and something of this sort __2__考点10 will become part of the extended family.

Our family had many pets in the past. My favorite pet was a little gray poodle__3__考点08 (call) Suzie. The first time I saw her, she had long matted hair, needed a bath and haircut, but had such__4__考点01 beautiful face. I __5__考点09 (take) her home, bathed her and clipped all her hair back to reveal the most lovable little dog.

Poodles are full of__6__考点04 (intelligent) and she was too. She learned to recognize the sounds different__7__考点04 (car) in our household made. She knew when my father’s car was coming down the road, and would run around__8__考点06 (mad) barking then rush out to the front driveway and sit there__9__考点08 (wait) for him. She also seemed to know when people__10__考点09 (be) upset and would jump up onto their laps and sit there cuddling up as if to give comfort.

（4）【来源】》(2016·衡阳一中月考)

My grandfather is a__1__考点08 (retire) worker. On summer evenings, we often sat together outside the house __2__考点08 (enjoy) the cool air. It was the time that he told me lots of his experiences before liberation.

When my grandfather was fourteen years old, he worked in a coal mine. One day, when he and his two workmates were working in the tunnel, an__3__考点06(fortune)

thing suddenly happened. A part of the tunnel fell down, and they were shut in it. They had no food __4__考点08 (eat). When they were hungry, they only drank some water there. It was very cold in it. In order to keep warm, they hugged one another. In the darkness, they didn’t know whether it was day__5__考点12 night, they only felt they had stayed there for a very long time. They were too hungry to speak or move, and thought they__6__考点09 (die). At last, the tunnel __7__考点09 (dig) through. They were saved. They had been there for fourteen days! My grandfather said they weren’t let out at once. If__8__考点02，they would have died. They were kept at the entrance to the tunnel __9__考点10 it was very dim, and they were fed__10__考点03 some thin porridge. After a day or two, they had recovered a bit, and they were helped out.

参考答案

一．七选五

A: 16 C 17 G 18 D 19 B 20 E

B: 71. C 72. E 73. F 74. G 75. B

C: 36.C 37.B 38.G 39.F 40.E

D:31.D 32.G 33.B 34. A 35. F

二.语法填空

(1)1.earns 2.went 3.Apparently 4.with 5.who 6．closer 7.into 8.stationed

9.There 10.When/As

(2)1.was 2.plans 3.on 4.Before 5.to go 6.exactly7.keeping8.fell

9.truly 10.which

(3)1.on 2.that 3.called 4.a 5.took 6.intelligence7.cars8.madly

9.waiting 10.were

(4)1.retired 2.enjoying 3.unfortunate 4.to eat 5．or 6.would die 7.was dug

8.so 9.where 10.on

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高考英语听力技巧 在考场上，要注意以下几点： 1、不要抓每一个字，即不要奢望听懂每一个字，没有必要，也不可能。要做到对内容的整体理解。 2、拿到卷子的第一件事，就是抓紧时间阅读试题选项，建立预期，预测谈话大致内容。 3、短对话，答案多在第二个人说话中出现;长对话，短文听力，要先抓住开头的前几句，这一般是主 旨题的答案所在，而结尾处往往会再次呼应。中部往往是细节题。 4、抓中心词，两次以上连续重复出现，对应某一题干选项中的答案，一定要提高警惕。 5、遇到数字和时间等信息，要随手记笔记，有助于选项中的数字听力题答案的准确无误。 6、听完回忆对话内容时，运用归纳、推理或计算等方法，用已知导出未知。 最重要的先把前面10道只读一遍的题目看清楚.这里是最容易错的地方.最重要的一点是你要把它当平时 做练习一样缓解紧张的心情. 第一题没听清楚,第二题开始放的时候就要注意先把第一道放一边不管.千万不能影响后面听题的状态. 最重要一点,听完犹豫的时候千万不要去修改自己已经选择好的题目,第一感觉往往是最准的. 1、识别关键词的技巧 1）.透露说话人身份的关键词 如果考生可以通过关键词很快判断对话者的关系和身份，将有助于考生有目的地集中注意力，并在脑海中搜索相关背景知识，进一步加深对听力材料的理解。 ，Kay. I remember in high school, you always wanted to be a 例如：I just can’t believe you are a police officer lawyer. 如果考生意识到该对话中的关键词为in high school,那么他马上可以意识到这是两个老同学之间的对话。 guide you all the way 又例如：Good morning, ladies and gentlemen . W elcome to Universal Studio. I’d like to in the amazing park and share the wonderful moments with you. 这段话的关键词是guide, park,从中考生可以推断说话人是导游。 以下是常见的对话者关系： Husband——wife /teacher——student /Boss——employee /waiter——customer Doctor——patient /parents——kid /Classmates roommates Shop assistant——customer 2）.透露地点/场合的关键词 考生要善于捕捉听力材料中的关于地点或场合(即语言环境)的关键词，也有助于他们判断听力材料的主 题、说话人之间关系等等。以下是有关机场或者旅馆的关键词： Check in入住登记check out结账porter搬luggage行李book a room预定房间double room双人房passenger 乘客economy class经济舱business class公务舱runway跑道passport护照flight航班stewardess乘务员3）.捕捉数字 许多听力材料中涉及数字，例如年代、日期、价格、数量等等，并且会以基数词、序数词、分数、小数、 百分比等形式出现，这就要求考生辨别各种形式的数字，还要熟悉数字之间的关系。例如： 减价：20% off，special offer，special price，25% discount，sale 原价：regular price，normal price 增长：10% increase in…1/3 climb in……　 下降:23% fall in…5.5% decrease in…　 听力速记技巧 1）.运用速记符号 例如：↑up↓down←left→right=equal 2）.发明并运用字母的缩写形式 考生可以在平时训练时，本着便于记忆、快速、容易联想的原则，发明一些只需自己明白的字母搭配来 表示相应的信息。例如：

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山东省 2018 年普通高校招生（春季） 考试 英语试卷 本试卷分一卷（选择题）和二卷（非选择题）两部分，满分 80 分，考试时间 60 分钟。考生请在答题卡上答题，考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并回收。 --Sound great. a a ’s an impossible task for us to finish the building in half a year. --Yes,it will take _________ one year. least last time order think Mary is a successful woman. --I agree with you .She has nearly _______all her dreams. 卷一（选择题，50 分） A. realized 一、英语知识运用（本题30 个小题，每小题 1 分，共 30 分。在每小题9. --_________ 列出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求，请将符合题目要求的选项 字母代号选出，并填涂在答题卡上。）--Chinese folk music. 1.--.He is from Hang Kong.about going for a walk’s your favorite sports --Nice to meet you.do you like Chinese are you interested in me introduce myself me introduce Tom will the football game be held is Tom speaking a good time,Tom FOOTBALL GAME 2.--Could you give me some on how to improve my spoken English Between the Sunday Club & the Youth Club --I ’m so glad to hear that!On Friday ,May 18 7:00 . 3.--Nowadays people are encouraged eat fruit and vegetables to keep_______.All football lovers are welcome! the Sunny Club the Youth Club 4.--Why do you like swimming the City Stadium the City Park --Because I find _______ very relaxing.Bob wants to apply for the job, he needs to ________ . A.it 5.--_________DRIVER WANTED __Good idea.Full-time,5 days a week not join us in the game did you know that$ 20 per hour would you like to come would you like for dinner’’ 5 years experience with a driver s license the park is !We may have a picnic here this weekend .Call Susan at 555-778-6356