翻译课讲义(2)

翻译课讲义（2）

什么是好的翻译，即翻译的标准是什么？

1. Or sit in a tiny restaurant with porters and apprentices and eat your humble bread and cheese. （lesson 1, p3）

也可与学徒、脚夫一道坐进小饭店去吃那些不能登大雅之堂的面包和奶酪。（第一课，p3）

2．The japanese crowd did not appear to have the same preoccupations that I had. （lesson 2, p12）

这儿的日本人似乎没有我这样的看法。（第二课，p21）

3．“if you write about this city, do not forget to say that it is the gayest city in Japan.”（lesson 2, p16）“如果你要写这个城市，别忘了写这里是日本最快乐的城市。”（第二课，p23）

4．The prospects of a good catch looked bleak. （lesson 3, p27）

满载而归的捕获却是痴心妄想。（第三课，p41）

5．With its ability to trap more heat in the atmosphere and slowly warm the earth. （lesson 3, p28）

使得更多的热量包裹在大气层中，进而导致地球变暖。（第三课，p42）

6．Which means we are silencing thousands of songs we have never even heard. （lesson 3, p31）

这就意味着我们正把几千只我们从未听过的歌喉封杀掉。（第三课，p43）

7．Surely we must acknowledge a new responsibility to use that power wisely and with appropriate restraint. （lesson 3, p36）我们必须承担一种新的责任，明智地使用那种权利，并加以克制。（第三课，p45）

8．The consequences of all-out war between nations armed with nuclear weapons suddenly included the possibility of the destruction of both nations --- completely and simultaneously. （lesson 3, p38）

两个拥有核武器的大国突然间爆发的全面战争，其后果就有可能导致两个国家的毁灭----同时而又彻底地。（第三课，p46-47）

9．I had not the slightest doubt where our duty and policy lay. Nor indeed what to say. （lesson 5, p77）对于我们的职责所在、政策所归，我没有半点犹豫；对我要发表的讲话也无半点的怀疑。（第五课，p98）

10．This is no time to moralize on the follies of conutries and governments which have allowed themselves to be struck down one by one, …（lesson 5, p81）

现在没有时间来教育那些已经被各个击破的愚蠢的国家和政府，（第五课，p100）

11．My husband and I find strong smoke offensive. Would you put that out. (Lesson 6, p91)

我丈夫和我都认为浓烟雾很讨厌，能行行好把它掐灭吗？（第六课，p119）

20. “Now then,” he said, “you two was in the hit-’n-run.” (Lesson 6, p93)

“现在呢，”他说道，“你们与开车肇事后逃逸有关。”（第六课，p120）

A camel must be killed.

A. 一匹骆驼必须被杀掉。

B. 一匹骆驼该杀。

C. 非杀一匹骆驼不可。

21. As the Pegasus righted herself I got up, half strangled with the brine I had swallowed and wet to the skin.

A. 当“彼加苏斯号”船身摆平后，我才爬起来，呼吸几乎给所吞的海水塞住，全身都湿透了。

B.“彼加苏斯号”船身恢复平衡后，我爬了起来，灌进嘴里的海水呛得我几乎透不过气，衣服也都湿透了。

22. This aircraft is small, cheap, pilotless.

A. 这种飞机小巧玲珑，价廉物美，无人驾驶。

B.. 这种飞机体积不大，价格便宜，无人驾驶。

C. 这种飞机小，便宜，无人驾驶。

D. 这是一种体积小、造价低的无人驾驶飞机。

23. What is perhaps strangest today is the keen widespread interest displayed toward people who are, on the one hand, not

real celebrities and, on the other, not personally known to one.

A. 如今有件百思不得其解的事。有些人对某些并非响当当的知名人士谈得津津有味，并广为散布；这些名人非但并

不知名，而谈论者对他们也并不相识。

B. 如今，公众普遍对那些他们既不认识、又徒有虚名的知名人士表现出浓厚的兴趣，这恐怕要算时下最新鲜的事了。

24. I am lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty

and need filling up.

A.只有在我疲劳过度的时候，在我长时间工作而没有休息的时候，或是在我感到心头空虚而需要充实的时候，我才

感到孤独。

B.只有感觉很疲倦，长时间不间断地工作，或自觉内心空虚需要充实时我才会感到孤独。

25 The coming into civilized man’s orbit of two vast new continents, alive with strange civilizations and richly endowed with

natural wealth of all sorts, widely expanded his economic and political concepts…

A. 活跃着新奇文明与具备着各种自然富源的广大的新大陆两个洲之归入文明人的世界，扩大了文明人的经济和政治

观点。

B. 这新发现的南北两大洲，幅员广阔，处处可以看到种种奇异的文明和得天独厚的自然财富。现在这两大洲投入文

明人的怀抱，大大地开阔了人们在经济和政治方面的眼界。

26. Rocket research has confirmed a strange fact which had already been suspected there is a “high temperature belt” in the

atmosphere with its center roughly thirty miles above the ground.

A. 用火箭进行的研究已证实了人们早就有过怀疑的大气层的一个中心在距地面约30英里高空的“高温带”的这种

奇怪的事实。

B. 人们早就怀疑，大气层中有一个“高温带。其中心在距地面约30英里的高空。利用火箭进行研究后，这一奇特的

事实已得到证实。”

27. "He is seventy-six years of age," said Mr. Smallweed.

Mrs. Smallweed piped up: "Seventy-six pounds! Seventy- six thousandbags of money! Seventy-six hundred thousand million parcels of banknotes!"

A. “他今年七十六岁，”斯墨尔维德先生说。斯墨尔维德太太尖叫起来：“七十六镑！七万六千袋钱！

七兆六千亿包钞票！”

B.“他今年七十六岁，”斯墨尔维德先生说。斯墨尔维德太太尖叫起来：“七十六镑！七十六万袋钱！七十六万万包

钞票！”

28. These three steps constituted an epochal advance.

A.这三个步骤构成了一个划时代的进展。

B.由于采取上述三个步骤，我们取得了这一划时代的进展。

29. Their strength lay only in the lack of consciousness on the part of the people.

A.他们的力量仅仅在于人民这方面缺乏觉悟。

B.他们之所以显得强大，只因为人民还没有觉醒。

29. This film is a dramatic treatment of a threatened stoppage in a factory.

A. 影片是对一家工厂的一场受到威胁的罢工的戏剧性处理。

B.影片用戏剧的手法，表现一家工厂面临罢工威胁的情况。

30. "I told you –Cut it out!” The words spat forth with sudden savagery , all pretense of blandness gone. Ignoring the Duke,

Ogilvie waved the unlighted cigar under his adversary's adversary's nose. "Y ou listen to me, your high-an'-mightiness. This city's burnin' mad– cops, mayor, everybody else. When they find who done that last night, who killed that kid an' its mother, then high-tailed it, they'll throw the book, and never mind who it hits, or whether they got fancy titles neither. Now

I know what I know, and if I do what by rights I should, there'll be a squad of cops in here so fast you'll hardly see 'em. But

I come to you first, in fairness, so's you could tell your side of it to me." The piggy eyes blinked, then hardened. " 'f you

want it the other way, just say so." (Lesson 6, p93)

“我刚才已告诉你了----别装蒜了！”这些字眼从保安的嘴里猛地吐出来，撕去了礼貌的伪装。不顾公爵在场，

在对手的鼻子前挥舞着那支未点燃的雪茄。“你听着，阁下，整个城市都闹沸腾了----警察、市长、以及其它每个人。要是他们查明昨天晚上那事是谁干的，谁撞死了那个孩子和他妈妈然后又逃逸的；他们将控告他，不管他是何许人也，也不管他有什么显赫的头衔。我现在知道自己所知道的一切，如果我要依权行事，马上就会有一队警察来到这里，速度快得你们都来不及看清他们。但我出于公道先来你们这里，因此你们就谈谈你们的想法把。”那双贪婪的猪眼眨了眨，然后瞪了起来。“如果你们要想另外一条路，就说了吧。”（第六课，p120）

改译：刚才告诉你了----别装糊涂了。保安狠狠地说出那几个字，全没了斯文的假面孔。绕过公爵，他把未点燃的雪茄在对手眼前晃了晃，接着说道：“听好了，你这狂妄太人。这整座城市都闹翻了----警察、市长、所有市民都动起来了。要是他们查到昨晚那事是谁干的，是谁撞死了那小鬼和它母亲，然后溜之大吉，他们不会轻饶他的，不管涉及到哪个，也不管他头衔多么吓人。我心里是有底的。如果我行使我的公民权，你们还没有弄明白是咋回事，警察立马就会找上门来。但我还是为你们想，到这来看你们有啥说的。”那双肥头小眼眨了眨，接着瞪得溜圆。“你们要是另有打算，也直说了吧。”

"Well now, there's no call for being hasty ." The incongruous falsetto voice took on a musing note. "What's done's been done. Rushing any place ain't gonna bring back the kid nor its mother neither. Besides, what they'd do to you across at the headquarters, Duke, you wouldn't like. No sir, you wouldn't like it at all. " (Lesson 6, p97)

“现在嘛，没有必要那么着急。”他那不和谐的假音带有沉思的味道。“事已至此，木已成舟。再急也不能使那小孩和她母亲复生。而且，警察局对你的处理，公爵，你不会喜欢的。不，先生，你一点都不会喜欢的。”（第六课，p122-123）

改译：“嗨，你着什么急嘛。”他那与身材毫不协调的假嗓音带着一种若有所思的声调。“事到如今，已不可挽回。到处瞎忙呼也不能让死去的小鬼和她母亲再活过来。再说了，警方对你的处置，公爵，你会受不了的。不，老爷，你肯定受不了。”

作业：

浪漫

一个小伙子暗恋着一个女孩。女孩是他的同事，他们在一个办公室工作。小伙子性格内向，不善言

辞，他不知道如何向女孩表达他的爱慕之意。写情书罢，小伙子是学理工的，一直搞技术工作，满脑子

的图形，就是没有一句有文采的话。至于直截了当告诉女孩说“我爱你”，小伙子更没有那胆量。这样

的恋情应该说没有什么希望的了。事实上一年后他们结了婚。有人向小伙子讨教，他说：“我上班第一

件事就是为她泡上一杯她喜欢的喝的绿茶。她胃不好，我经常备些胃药放在她桌上。一开始她不知道是

我做的这些事情，时间长了就知道了。”我不知道，泡茶送药是否是一种浪漫。浪漫是没有定式的，或

许那些实实在在的呵护和关爱才是真正的浪漫。

英语讲义(附翻译)1

Final Guide to 2011 MBA T est --- A Bird’s Eye View T ype I Social Phenomenon (Debatable T opic) 1. 近两年，美国的大学入学考试进入中国，吸引了众多家长和中学生的关注。在一些大城市，申请参加考试的人数逐年增加。请对此现象谈谈看法。 Paragraph One Nowadays more and more Chinese high school students choose to apply for American college entrance test. This phenomenon has received immediate attention from our society. Relevant concern and discussion can be frequently found in media of every kind. (38 words) (第一段) 现今，越来越多中国高中生申请参加美国大学入学考试。这种现象立刻引起了全社会的关注。相关的关心和讨论能够频繁得出现在各种媒体上。 Paragraph Two Just as every coin has two sides, this phenomenon is no exception. People vary greatly in their viewpoint. Some argue that it’s understandable for Chinese students to take this action. They even add that American test is another good choice for those students. Of course, other people have radically different view. For them, American test comes as a competition to Chinese test system. They fear that our best students will be lost in this way. Besides, one more test means another burden to the students. (85 words) (第二段）正如每个硬币都有两面，这种现象也不例外。人们对这个现象观点不一。有些人认为中国学生这种行为是可以理解的，他们甚至认为美国考试对那些学生来说是另一种好的选择。当然，有些人持不同的观点，他们认为美国的考试对国内的考试体系构成竞争，他们担心我们会流失最好的学生。况且，更多的考试对学生存在不好的影响。 Paragraph Three It seems there is no ground for these two groups of people to reach an agreement on this phenomenon. As for me, it’s not bad to have another type of test. Therefore, I insist that there is no need to make a big fuss over the phenomenon. After all, it is up to the students to make the right choice. (60 words) (第三段)眼下看起来，上面的两种人，针对这种现象形成一致意见是没有基础的。就我而言，我认为多一种考试也不错。因此，我认为，针对这种现象，完全没有必要大惊小怪。毕竟，最终做决定的是学生。 2. 据中国青年报的调查，57%的大学生愿意毕业后从事保姆职业。也有33%的大学生认为这样的工作是对人才的浪费，不会选择这个工作。根据这个调查结果，请陈述自己的观点，并给大学生就业提出相关建议。 Paragraph One Nowadays more and more college graduates choose baby-sitting as their first job after graduation from college. This phenomenon has received immediate attention from our society. Relevant concern and discussion can be frequently found in media of every kind. (38 words) 第一段现如今，越来越多的大学生愿意毕业后从事保姆职业。这种现象立刻引起了全社会的关注，相关的评论和报道频繁的出现在各种媒体上. Paragraph Two While there is a heated discussion, even controversy, over the current issue of whether college graduates should do baby-sitting, my view is obvious enough: baby-sitting is a job, and

山东师范大学翻译讲义

山东师范大学外国语学院 英汉翻译English-Chinese Translation 贾磊 2011

1.Editing/修改 English Chinese ..the best collection of his drawings being in the Uffizi in Florence 他最好的草图都被收集在佛罗伦萨的乌菲兹美术馆 …during the funeral service,St Stephen and St Augustine were said to have miraculously intervened to place the body in its tomb with their own hands.据说圣史蒂芬和圣奥古斯丁神秘地介入了殡葬仪式并亲手将尸体放入墓地 He(Prince of Angri)had offered Caravaggio6,000scudi(a large sum)to fresco a loggia,an offer that was refused, doubtless because he disliked the medium,which he is not definitely know to have employed.亲王支付给卡拉瓦乔六千银币（一大笔钱）请他为自己的凉廊绘制壁画却遭到了拒绝，显然画家不喜欢这种绘画，因为这样不能明确地表明他是受雇而创作。 This marriage of convenience is clearly doomed.显然，这场贪图财利的婚姻，将不可避免地走向灾难的结局。 Wright of Derby was one of the earliest artists to restore men and women(pictorially at least)to what society then believed was their proper spheres:men think and reason, women feel.德比的莱特是把男人和女人重新恢复到当时社会所认为的适当社会地位的早期艺术家之一（至少在绘画上如此），即：男人善于思考推理，女人善于感性体验。 Unfetted by the conventions that such grandiloquent portaits required,Reynolds created his freshest and most daring portait of a society beauty.雷诺兹没有被这种浮华肖像画的惯例所束缚,他创造了一个上流社会美女的最令人耳目一新，也是最大胆创新的肖像画。 Sitting backwards in a chair,Mrs Abington has her thumb in her mouth as she stares distractedly,yet with bright, captivating eyes,out into space.阿宾顿夫人靠在椅背上，拇指放于嘴中，瞪着眼睛若所所思，但她明亮美丽的眼睛却望向苍穹。 在20世纪初期 拿破仑的妈妈在骄傲地观礼。 He confronts a people whose language he does not know, on whose kindness he must rely,and with whom–his poetic gifts now all but useless to him–he must attempt to communicate.他碰上的这个民族，他不懂他们的语言，他又必须依赖他们的善良生存，而且他必须试着去跟他们沟通——现在诗人的天赋对他来说已是百无一用。 The painting must have been admired by Edgar Degas, because the older artist started in earnest on his own quest to represent the“modern”,but female,body in the act of bathing in1884-85,just as Caillebotte signed and dated his most important late painting.这幅画肯定受到了埃德加?德加的赞美，因为这位艺术前辈早在1884-85年就开始用他自己的方式虔诚地表现“现代的”，而不是女性的，浴中人体艺术，正如同卡耶波特在他晚期最重要的作品中所签署并注明的一样。 当它还在画架上时便被著名的俄国收藏家史楚金(Sergei Shchukin)预定收藏。 Schwitters was particularly influenced by Kandinsky’s ideas about the synthesis of different art forms and his ideal of creating a universal Gesamtkunstwerk（‘total work of art’）.康定斯基对不同艺术表现形式之间应相互融合的思想以及他希望创造一个世界性的完全的纯艺术作品的理想深深地影响着施维特斯。 Essentially self-taught,in autumn1954the young American Jasper Johns destroyed all the works in his New York studio as a prelude to reinventing his art from first principles.1954年秋天，贾斯帕?约翰斯——一位基本上是自学成才的年轻的美国小伙子——销毁了他纽约工作室里所有的作品，这一举动，拉开了约翰斯挑战抽象主义画风的序幕。

英语翻译技巧选修课讲义

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翻译讲义

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第八节正反译法 一英语为肯定式，汉语译作否定式 1. The first bombs missed the target. 2. Predictably, it was Mike who released the secret to Mary. 3. The explanation is pretty thin. 4. It was beyon d his ability to undertake this task. 5. Time is what we want most, but what, alas, many use worst. 6. The general would rather fight to death before he surrendered. 7. Both sides thought that the peace proposal was one they could accept with dignity. 8. Don’t lose time in cleaning this machine. 9. I dropped medicine and took up physics． 10. He failed to set a good example for his kids. 二英语为否定式，汉语译作肯定式 1. He manifested a strong dislike for his father’s business. 2. He was an indecisive sort of person. 3. The examination left no doubt that the patient had died of cancer. 4. Don’t lose the opportunities to practice English. 5. Some people can eat what they like and get no fatter． 6. The washroom is at the next corner，you can't miss it． 三同一词语，既可译作肯定式，又可译作否定式 1. The machine is far from being complicated. 2. She is anything but a bright student. 3. The square is no distance at all. 翻译实践: 1. She was at a loss to know what to do.

强化班翻译讲义--专升本

1.在我们做决定之前，必须确定我们已将所有相关的因素考虑在内。Before making the decision, we must make sure that we have taken all the related factors into consideration/account. 2. 他如果知道我的电话，就不用那么费事了。 If he knew my phone number, it would save a lot of trouble. If he knew my phone number, it would not take a lot of trouble. 3.就他的经验而言，他并不十分适合做校长。 As far as his experience is concerned, he is not very suitable for acting as a headmaster. 4. 我们最关心的是那个城市的饮水质量问题。 What we are concerned most is the quality of drinking water in that city. 5. 他的成就，赢得了人们的尊敬和仰慕。 His achievement earned him respect and admiration among people. His achievement won people’ respect and admiration. 6. 他刚到达就生病了。 No sooner had he arriv ed than he fell ill. 7. 坦率地讲，能在这么短的时间内完成这项任务，确实令人兴奋。Frankly speaking, to be honest, honestly speaking, it is very exciting to have the task finished/accomplished/fulfilled in such a short time. 8. 我们将尽可能地改进我们的工作。 We will make as many improvements as possible in our work. 9. 积极的休闲态度是鼓励大家创造性地利用空闲时间的基础。Positive leisure attitude is the basis of encouraging people to make creative use of their spare time. 10. 你越解释我越糊涂。 The more you explain, the more confused I am. 11. 总的来说，酸雨是工业发展的结果。 Generally speaking, acid rain is the result of industrial development. 12. 不管是否加热，这种材料不会在冰中融化。 whether (it is) heated or not, this material does not melt in ice. 13. 我在童年时候就发现没什么比读书对我更有吸引力。 Since my childhood, I have found that nothing is more attractive than reading to me. Since my childhood, I have found that reading is the most attractive thing for me. 14．他们已经答应对这个问题进行调查。 They have promised to investigate this problem. 15. 是我们应该做的和不应该做的影响着我们的未来。 所为和所不为 What we should do and what we should not do affects/determines our future.