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西安外国语学院英语专业05年基础英语真题

西安外国语大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试基础英语试题

西安外国语大学英语专业考研真题基础英语

l. multiple-choice questions (30 points)

section a vocabulary(10 points)

directions: in this section there are ten incomplere sentences. Each sentence is followed by four ch oices labeled [a], [b], [c] or [d]. select the one that best fits in with each context and write your ans wer sheet.

1. the mayor is a woman with great____and therefore deserves our political and financial support.

a.intention

b.flourished

c.vanished

d.intensity

2.the flowers____from lack of water.

a.withered

b.flourished

c.vanished

d.stopped growing

3.one way of cutting down waste is to____such things as glass and paper

a.repeat

b.renew

c.recycle

d.reproduce

4.at the inauguration ceremony. The newly elected president_____his speech with a few words of thanks to his supporters.

a.preceded

b.proceeded

c.precluded

d.advanced

5.the rescue was_____after several attempts because the snowstorm was getting worse.

a.deserted

b.abandoned

c.ceased

d.rejected

6.he failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contrast, and now he has to_____the consequ ences.

a.answer for

b.run into

c.abide by

d.step into

7.l _______with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column.

a.express

b.confess

c.verify

d.acknowledge

8.from this material we can_____hundreds of what you may call direct products.

a.derive

b.discem

c.diminish

d.displace

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2517062794.html,nguage, oulture, and personality may be considered_____of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.

a.indistinctly

b.separately

c.irrelevantly

d.independently

10.christmas is a christian holy day usually celebrated on december 25th______the birth of jesus c hrist

a.in accordance with

b.in terms of

c.in favor of

d.in honor of

section b grammatical structure (10 points)

directions: in this section there are ten incomplete sentences, each followed by four possible answ er. Choose the one that best completes each sentence and write your answer on the answer sheet.

11.specialization can seen as_____response to_____problem of_____increasing accumulation of s cientific knowledge.

a.a:the:the

b.a:the:an

c./:the:an

d.the:the:/

12.one difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match.____this is meat that a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation.

a.in

b.for

c.by

d.with

13.intellect is to the mind______soul is to the body.

a.as

b.since

c.if

d.what

14.humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, _____other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.

a.subjecting

b.to subject

c.having subjected

d.to have subjected

15.in the early industrialized countries of europe, the process of industrialization was spread over nearly a century, _____a developing nation nowadays underwent the same process in a decade or s o.

a.just as

b.thereby

c.whereas

d.nevertheless

16.for there______successful communication, there must be attentiveness and involvement itself b y all present.

a.is

b.to be

c.will be

d.being

17.without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion, for we need to have factual knowledge___ __our thinking.

a.which to be based on

b.which to base on

c.upon which to base

d.to which to be based

18.sometimes patients suffering from severe pain can be helped by”drugs” that aren’t really drugs at all_____sugar pills that contain no active chemical elements.

a.or rather

b.rather than

c.but rather

d.other than

19.five minutes earlier, ____we would have caught the last train.

a.and

b.or

c.but

d.so

20.in the course of a day, students do far more than just_____classes

a.attend

b.attended

c.to attend

d.attending

section c logic and rheroric (10 points)

directions: each of the following sentences contains one underlined part. Beneath each sentence, th ere are four ways of phrasing the underlined part, labeled [a], [b], [c] or [d]. Select the best version and write your answer on the answer sheet.

21.in the traditional Japanese household. Most clothing could be packed flatly and so it was not ne cessarv to have elaborate cloaet facilities.

a.flat, and so no elaborate closet facilities were necessary.

b.flatly, and so no elaborate closet facilities were needed

c.flat, and so there was no need for elaborate closet facilities

d.flatly, and so elaborate closet facilities were needless

21.according to his own account, frederic-auguste bartholdi, the sculptor of the statute of liberty, modeled the face of the statue like his mother’s and the bodv like his wife’s.

a.modeled the face of the statue like his mother and the body like his wife

b.made the face of the statue after his mother and the body after his wife

c.modeled the face of the statue after his mother’s and the body after his wife’s

d.made the face of the statue like his mother’s and the body like his wife’s

23.a collection of 38 poems by phillis wheatley. A slave. Was published in the 1770’s the first boo k by a black by a black woman and it was only the second published by an american woman. but by irrigation, large regions now desert could be made fertile, and by improvement in transport, dist ribution from regions of excess to regions of scarcity could be facilited.

Hosing, even in the richest countries, is often disastrously inadequare, this could be remedied by a tiny fraction of what is being spent on missiles, education everywhere, but especially in the n ewly liberated countries of Africa and Asia demands an expenditure many times as great as that w hich it receives at present. But it is not only greater expenditure that is needed in education, if the t error of war were removed, science could be devoted to improving human welfare. Instead of to th e invention of increasingly expensive methods of mutual slaughter, and schools would no longer t

hink it a part of their duty to promote hatred of possible enemies by means of ignorance tempered by lies.

By the help of modem techniques, the world could enter upon a period of happiness and prospe rity far surpassing anything known in previous history. All this is possible. It requires only a differ ent outlook on international affairs and a different state of mind toward these nations which are no w regarded as enemies. This is possible, l repeat but it cannot be done all at once to reverse the tre nd of affairs in the most powerful nation of the world is no light task and will require a difficult process of reeducation.

46.which of the following words can best describe the author?

a.utoplan

b.radical

c.indifferent

d.pragmatic

47.according to the text, schools at the present time_____

a.often have ignorant studets

b.have to make uce of enemies for the target of hatred

c.have to make use of lies to gain a certain purpose

d.only need more lies to carry out their duty

48.it can be learned from the text that the problem of undemourishment will become______

a.more critical because america destroys it surplus goods

b.worse because large regions are desert

c.more critical because the population increases dramatically

d.worse beeause more are spent on preparations for war

49.it can be inferred from the text that_____

a.by diverting some or all of the money spent on preparations for war peaceful purpose can easily be achieved

b.people need to change their present viewpoint so as to line in happiness and harmony in the worl d

c.science has always been properly applied

d.our world will soon become a more prosperous and happier one

50.the word “rectify” (in line 10, para.1)most probably means______

a.correct

b.rely on

c.recede

d.prove

questions 51 to 55 are based on the following text.

With its common interest in lawbreaking but its immense range of subject matter and widely -varying methods of treatment, the crime novel could make a legitimate claim to be regarded as a s eparate branch of literature, or at least as a distinct even though a slightly disreputable, offshoot of the traditional novel.

The detective story is probably the most respectable(at any rate in the narrow sense of the word ) of the crime species its creation is often the relaxation of university teachers, literary economists, scientists or even poets, fatalities may occur more frequently and mysteriously than might be expected in polite society, but the world in which they happen the village, aeaside resort, college o r studio, is familiar to us, if not from our own experience, at least in the newspaper or the lives of f riends the characters, though normally realized superficially, are as recognizably human and consi stent as our less intimate associates a story set in a more remote environment African jungle or Au stralian bush ancient china or gas-lit London, appeals to our interest in geography or history and m ost detective story writers are conscientious in providing a reasonably authentic background t

he elaborate carefully assembled plot despised by the modem intellectual critics and creators of sig nificant novels, has found refuge in the murder mystery with its sprinkling of cues, its spicing with apparent impossibilities, all with appropriate solutions and explanations at the end. With the guilt of escapism from real life nagging gently, we secretly revel in the unmasking of evil by a vaguely super-human detective who sees through and dispels the cloud of suspicion which has hovered so unjustly over the innocent b.the fact that the guilty are always found out and the innocent cleared

c.the existence of a neat closely-knit story

d.the lack of interest in genuine character revelations

54.one of the most incredible characteristics of the hero of a thriller is____

a.his exciting life

b.his amazing toughness

c.his ability to escape from dangerous situations

d.the way he deals with his enemies

55.in what way are the detective story and thriller unlike?

a.in introducing violence

b.in providing excitement and suspense

c.in appealing to the intellectual curiosity of the reader

d.in ensuring that everything comes right in the end

questions 56 to 60 are based on the following text.

Of all the American Jewish writers who have poured forth their creative efforts in the golden medina, none has achieved more recognition from his literary peers than saul bellow, bom in Queb ec in 1915, raised in Montréal and Chicago, he received a trilingual heritage of Yiddish English an d French trained as an anthropologist at northwester and Chicago universities he taught creative w riting at Princeton before being appointed to the committee on social thought at the university of C hicago there he has made his home, and his most august works stem from that mid-western locus.

A biographical sketch is essential because the reading of Mr. Bellow’s works involves some study in the fields of anthropology, social thought, creative writing and in the various literary cultures of French, English, and Yiddish, the last, the Yiddish culture, bellow’s protestations to the contrary, permeates all his writing he has become the great success that all his less popular and less material ly successful Yiddish compatriots tried for, yet failed, as suggested by Cynthia Ozick in her remar kable story envy, or Yiddish in America, because they lacked a good translator, bellow does not n eed any translator; he represents the generation of American Jews whose secular education was no t only as good as their gentile neighbors, but whose digestion and interpretation of American cultu re was markedly superior.

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②给出一篇短文，没有标记，要求考生删除10处多余的词，不一定每行文字都有错误，也不一定1行文字只有1处错误。 ③给出一篇短文，没有标记，要求考生根据“增添”、“删除”或“改变其中的某一单词或短语”三种方法中的一种改正语误。不一定每行文字都有错误，也不一定1行文字只有1处错误。 ④给出的为一个单句，句子中有四处标有下划线，要求考生选出有错误的一项。如： Tokyo Bay shook as if huge rug had been pulled from under it. A B C D ⑤给出的为一个单句，要求考生在错误处加下划线，并根据“增添”、“删除”或“改变其中的某一单词或短语”三种方法中的一种改正语误。 1.2常考错误类型一、词法错误词法错误主要包括了名词、动词、代词、冠词、介词、形容词副词的使用错误等，主要考察考生对常用词汇的词性、含义、用法的掌握。（一）名词改错中涉及到名词的错误主要有以下几类：名词“近义词”（形近或意近）、名词的单复数、可数名词与不可数名词、名词与动词、与形容词等词类的转换等。 1.名词近义词英语中有许多拼写或读音相似甚至相同的词语，考生在平日学习时应注意这类词语的区分。

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2019年12月大学英语四级阅读真题及答案 2015年12月大学英语四级阅读真题及答案【参考答案】 36、N。 saw 第一空显然缺少谓语，优先考虑动词，结合语义并根据Late November and December能够推出应选择过去式动词，故答案锁定saw。 37、F。 decades 根据two，首选复数名词，结合语义，“ for the first time in the two decades”，二十年来头一次。 38、H。 globally 句子为主系表结构，不缺主要成分，所以首选副词和形容词，根据语义，ever表示“一直以来地、向来地”，“十一月向来是世界范围内最温暖的一个月。” 39、D。 chances 缺少主语，并且谓语是are，所以首选复数形式的名词，结合前文Enjoy the snow now，“享受现在的雪吧”，因为“时机是好的”。 40、J。 occurs 空格前方有主语，且是单数形式，而后面由when引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般现在时，所以主句谓语锁定第三人称单数形式的动词，只能选择occurs。 41、A。 specific空格左为定冠词the，空格右为名词，中间只能选形容词，选择“特定的”符合语义。 42、B。 associated 空格左为be动词，右边为介词with，中间只能是形容词或动词的过去分词形式，be associated with表示“与…有联系”，符合原意。

43、G。 experiences 空格左为主语southern Africa，空格内应该为动词的第三人称单词形式，结合语义，选G，“南非经历着干燥的天气。 44、M。 reduce 空格左为情态动词，空格内必须为动词原形，填reduce“减少”符合原题。 45、K。 populations 空格与左边的large fish 共同构成动词support的宾语，只能选一个名词来作为名词词组，故选K，“大量的鱼群”。【参考答案及解析】 61题，定位到第一段最后一句“varies by culture”，所以答案选A——They are culture-related。 62题，由题干的大写名词Russian定位到第二段和第三段。第二段的“Russian， for example， began to wake up about a half-hour later each day”这个句是干扰句，起得晚不一定睡得早，所以答案推不出“他们比其他地方的人睡得更久”。然后看到第三段“Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays”，所以答案为C——They don’t sleep much on holidays。 63题，题干问的是欧洲人缺乏睡眠的major cause主要原因是什么，由题干的大写名词Europeans’ loss定位到倒数第二段的“compared to Germans， Italians， and the French， who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup”，原文的Germans，Italians， and the French就是题干中“Europeans”的同义改写，而他们stayed up就是为了to watch the Cup，所以说他们缺乏睡眠的原因便是C选项——The World Cup。

《英语专业考研基础英语高分突破》

介词短语搭配必备ahead of 比……提前，比……早at loggerheads with 与……意见不合，与……吵架，争论at odds with 与……争执，意见不一致apart from 除…外；除…外还as for 至于，关于 as to 至于，关于aside from 除……之外at the behest of 在……命令下at the expense of 由……付费；以……为代价at the hands of 由某人或通过某人的机构完成at the mercy of 受……支配 at the risk of 冒……之危险at the root of ……的核心；……的实质 at the top of 在最高地位，在首位at variance with 和……不符but for 若不是，倘没有by dint of 借助，用by force of 由于，通过，以……手段by means of 借助于by reason of 由于 by virtue of 由于，因为by way of 通过……的方法due to 由于，因为except for 除……以外，要不是由于far from 远离for fear of 由于害怕；以免for lack of 因缺乏for the benefit of 为了……的利益；为了让某人明白for the purpose of 为了……for the sake of 由于，为了；为了……的利益for want of 因缺乏in aid of 用以援助……in accordance with 与……一致；按照in back of 在……后面in case of 以防，万一in comparison with 与……比较in compliance with 顺从in conformity with 和……相适应in consequence of 由于in contact with 与……联系in exchange for 交换，以此易彼in favour of 为……而征战，参加支持……的活动in league with 和……联合着in lieu of 代，代替in light of 按照，根据in line with 符合 in place of 代替in quest of 为了探索……，为了寻求……in reference to 关于in regard to 关于in relation to 关于，涉及，与……相比in return for 作为...的报答in safe hands with 安然无恙in search of 寻找in spite of 尽管in step with 与……保持一致in touch with 同...有联系in terms of 依照in the absence of 缺乏，不存在in the course of 在……期间 in the event of 万一，如果……in (the) face of 面对…… in the interest of 为了……的利益in the name of 以……的名义，凭 in the process of 在...的过程中in view of 考虑到，由于next to 贴近；次于notwithstanding 虽然, 尽管on account of 为了……的缘故on behalf of 代表……；为了……的利益on pain of 违者以...论处on the eve of 在……的前夜on the grounds of 根据, 以...为理由on the part of 就某人而言；某人有责任的on the score of 因为，为了……理由on the strength of 居于，根据，凭借on top of 熟练掌握，在……之上regardless of 不管；不顾under the aegis of 在……的庇护下under the auspices of 由……赞助或主办，在……保护下 with a view to 着眼于, 以...为目的, 考虑到with effect from 自……起开始实施with respect to 关于，至于with the exception of 除……以外填空练习(1) The government decision to raise taxes was at odds ______ their policies on inflation.（与……争执，意见不一致）(2) A claim might be made by dissentient member States that the actions of the organization were not in compliance ______ its treaty.（顺从）(3) Prominent individuals were often prominent ______

(完整版)英语四级阅读试题及答案详解1

英语四级阅读试题及答案详解1 Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts __1__ questions, and so on. For most of the time this “conversation” goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become __2__ of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between __3__ and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our question of the text continues at the unconscious level. Different people __4__ with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page, others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is __5__ in the text. The latter represents __6__ levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers. There is another conversation which from our point of view is __7__ important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a “process” conversation as __8__ to a “content” conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the __9__ we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a

英语四级阅读训练

1 Merchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life preserver for every person aboard and in many cases, a certain percentage of smaller sizes for children. According to United States requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position. Sufficient buoyancy(浮力) to support the wearer should be retained by the life preserver after 48 hours in the water, and it should be reliable even after long period of storage. Thus it should be made of materials resistant to sunlight, gasoline, and oils, and it should be not easily set on fire.?The position in which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious. The method of adjustment to the body should be simple, and self-evident to uninitiated persons even in the dark under the confused conditions, which follow a disaster. Thus, the life be reversible that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong. Catches, straps, and ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of wearers, since this greatly affects the position of floating and the self-righting qualities. A suitable life also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim. 1. The passage is mainly about____. A) the uses of life preservers C) the materials for life preservers B) the design of life preservers D) the buoyancy of life preservers 2. According to the passage, a life be first of all ____. A) adjustable B) comfortable C) self-evident D) self-righting 3. United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver to be made ____. A) with as few strings as possible C) according to each wearer's size B) capable of being worn on both sides D) comfortable and light to wear 4. By “the uninitiated individual” (Para. 1, Line. 4) the author refers to the person ____. A) who has not been instructed how to use a life preserver B) who has a little experience in using a life preserver C) who uses a life preserver without permission D) who becomes nervous before a disaster 5. What would happen if a person were supported by the life preserver in a wrong position? A) The waves would move him backwards. C) He would immediately sink to the bottom. B) The water would choke him. D) He would be exhausted or unconscious. 答案与解析：BDCAD