2011.7英语翻译 00087试题及答案

全课程代码：00087

国2011年7月高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题及部分答案（来自课本）

I.Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)

A.Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and

D.Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.

1.Ignoring the chair offered him, Chu The stood squarely before this youth more than ten years his junior. ( A )

A.朱德顾不得拉过来的椅子，端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十岁的青年面前。

B.顾不得拉过来的椅子，朱德端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十岁的青年面前。

C.端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十岁的青年面前，朱德顾不得拉过来的椅子。

D.朱德站在这个比他年轻十岁的青年面前，端端正正地，顾不得拉过来的椅子。

2.Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and they characterize all the Industrial Revolution.( D )

A.在修建英国的运河网的过程中，有两点是非常突出的，而他们也正是整个工业革命的特点。

B.在修建英国的运河网的过程中，有两点是非常突出的，也正是这两点使整个工业革命具有了特点。

C.在英国的运河网的创造中，有两点是非常突出的，而这两点也正是整个工业革命的特点。

D.在修建英国的运河网的过程中，有两点是非常突出的，而这两点也正是整个工业革命的特点。

3.Their galabias and turbans stained by the sweat and dirt of a long day’s work, they sat in front of a wayside shop, enjoyi ng the best things in life along the Nile.( D )

A.袍子和头巾上又是汗，又是土，他们干了一天活儿。这时候，他们坐在路旁一家商店门口，享受尼罗河沿岸人们生活里最大的乐事。

B.他们干了一天活儿，袍子和头巾上又是汗，又是土。这时候，他们坐在一家商店门口的路旁，享受尼罗河沿岸人们生活里最大的乐事。

C.他们干了一天活儿，袍子和头巾被汗和土玷污。这时候，他们坐在路旁一家商店门口，享受尼罗河沿岸人们生活里最大的乐事。

D.他们干了一天活儿，袍子和头巾上又是汗，又是土。这时候，他们坐在路旁一家商店门口，享受尼罗河沿岸人们生活里最大的乐事。

4.Per capita GNP has grown at an average rate of 7.6% from 1980-1992.( A)

A.从1980到1992年，人均国民生产总值平均增长率为7.6%。

B.1980和1992年，人均国民生产总值平均增长为7.6%。

C.从1980到1992年，人均国民生产总值平均增长到7.6%。

D.从1980到1992年，人均国民生产总值平均增长率超过7.6%。

5.A powerful indictment of America’s disregard of ecology, Silent Spring was aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides, especially DDT.( D )

A.一个对美国之忽视生态的有力控诉，《沉默的春天》主要是针对大规模使用农药——特别是滴滴涕。

B.《沉默的春天》是一个对美国之忽视生态的有力控诉，它主要是针对大规模使用农药——特别是滴滴涕。

C.作为对美国之忽视生态的有力控诉，《沉默的春天》主要是针对大规模使用农药——特别是滴滴涕。

D.《沉默的春天》有力地控诉了美国之忽视生态，它主要是针对大规模使用农药——特别是滴滴涕。

6.她口角边渐渐的有了笑影，脸上也白胖了。( C )

A.Little by little the trace of a smile appeared at the corners of her mouth, but her face became whiter and plumper.

B.Little by little the trace of a smile appeared at the corners of her mouth, so her face became whiter and plumper.

C.Little by little the trace of a smile appeared at the corners of her mouth, while her face became whiter and plumper.

D.Little by little the trace of a smile appeared at the corners of her mouth, when her face became whiter and plumper.

7.我家里生活苦，父亲做小买卖，妈妈是家庭妇女，弟弟妹妹多。( C )

A.My family hard up, with Father a peddler, Mother a housewife, and so many children to feed.

B.My family hard up, with Father is a peddler, Mother is a housewife, and so many children need to feed.

C.My family was hard up, with Father a peddler, Mother a housewife, and so many children to feed.

D.My family was hard up, with Father is a peddler, Mother is a housewife, and so many children need to feed.

8.中国作为一个发展中的沿海大国，国民经济要持续发展，必须把海洋的开发和保护作为一项长期的战略任务。( C )

A.China must take exploitation and protection of the ocean for a long-term strategic task before it can achieve the sustainable development of its national economy.

B.China must take exploitation and protection of the ocean as a long-term strategic task before China can achieve the sustainable development of its national economy.

C.China must take exploitation and protection of the ocean as a long-term strategic task before it can achieve the sustainable development of its national economy.

D.China must take exploitation and protection of the ocean for a long-term strategic task before China can achieve the sustainable development of its national economy.

9.能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。( D )

A.I find it a great honor to be asked to write a preface to this collection of his essays.

B.I find it a big honor to be asked to write a preface to this collection of his essays.

C.I find it a great honor to ask to write a preface to this collection of his essays.

D.I find it a big honor to ask to write a preface to this collection of his essays.

10.先有哈佛，后有美利坚合众国，这说明了哈佛在美国历史上的地位。( C )

A.The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of America testifies to the position in the American history.

B.The fact of Harvard was founded before the United States of America testifies to its position in the American history.

C.The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of America testifies to its position in the American history.

D.The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of America testifies its position in the American history.

B.Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that best completes each statement.

11.傅雷的翻译主张是( A )

A.重神似不重形似。

B.重形似不重神似。

C.既重形似也重神似。

D.既不重形似也不重神似。

12.周煦良先生在“翻译三论”一文中说，严复的“信、达、雅”翻译标准中“雅”字应当作为__________来讲。( D )

A.文雅

B.优雅

C.正式

D.得体

13.“That the Tr anslation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work; That the style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original; That the Translation should have all the ease of original composition.”以上观点是__________提出的。( C )

A.A.F. Tytler

B.巴尔胡达罗夫

C.费道罗夫

D.恩格斯

14.下列关于断句与并句的说法，正确的是( A )

A.就汉译英而论，断句的情况是很多的，而并句的情况是个别的。

B.就英译汉而论，断句的情况是很多的，而并句的情况是个别的。

C.就汉译英而论，并句的情况是很多的，而断句的情况是个别的。

D.就英译汉而论，并句的情况是很多的，而断句的情况是个别的。

15.原文：He wished that he had asked her to dance, and that he knew her name.( A )

译文：他真希望自己当时请她跳了舞，现在又知道她的芳名，那该有多好。

本句中运用的主要翻译方法是

A.增词

B.减词

C.换词

D.省略

II.Words and phrases translation（20 points，1 point for each）

A.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.

16.a slender man 修长的人

17.country-wide trade 广泛的贸易

18.the Ethiopian highlands 埃塞尔比亚高原

19.economic policy 经济政策

20.great-grandmother 曾祖母

21.open sea 大海

22.part-time river

23.mineral oil 矿物油

24.environmental law 环境法

25.welcoming banquet 欢迎晚宴

B.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.

26.逃学

27.军阀政府

28.九龙壁

29.基本方针

30.游记

31.祥林嫂Xianglin’s wife

32.排队stand in line

33.大陆架continental shelves

34.董事会board of directors

35.深刻影响

III.Translation Revision（20 points，2 points for each）

A.Directions: Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given versions.

Example:

原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.

译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。

改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。

36.原文：Would he treat them with cold suspicion?

译文：他会用冷淡的怀疑来治疗他们吗？

37.原文：Nearly 48 million people live in an area only slightly larger than Maryland.

译文：这个地方生活着将近四千八百万人口，只比美国的马里兰州略多一点。

38.原文：As soon as she became a widow she devoted herself to women’s higher education.

译文：她守寡了就去献身于女子的提升教育。

改译：她守寡后就去献身于女子的高等教育事业。

39.原文：From both sides of the valley little streams slipped out of the hill and fell into the Salinas River.

译文：峡谷两边都有小溪滑落进萨利纳斯河。

改译：洼池两面的小峡谷都有涧水流出，汇入萨利纳斯河床。

40.原文：Such issues as clean air, pure water and freedom from noise pollution are public concerns.

译文：这些如清洁的空气、纯净的水、无噪声污染的问题都关系到公众。

B.Directions: Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given versions.

Example:

原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。

译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons.

改译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.

41.原文：五四运动是一次彻底的不妥协的反帝反封建的革命运动。

译文：May 4th Movement is a thoroughgoing, uncompromising revolutionary movement against imperialism and feudalism. 改译：May 4th Movement is a thoroughgoing, uncompromising revolutionary movement opposition imperialism as well as to

feudalism.

42.原文：提高现有耕地单位面积产量有潜力。

译文：There are potential for increasing the per unit area yield on the existing cultivated land.

改译：There is potential for increasing the yield per unit on the existing cultivated land.

43.原文：做中人的卫老婆子带她进来时，她头上还扎着白头绳。

译文：When the go-between Mrs. Wei brought her along, she had a white band round her hair.

改译：When old Mrs. Wei the go-between brought her along, she had a white mourning band round her hair.

44.原文：中国海域有丰富的海水资源和海洋可再生能源。

译文：China’s offshore areas abounds in seawater resource and regenerable marine energy resource.

改译：China’s offshore areas abound in seawater resources and regenerable marine energy resources.

45.原文：我们应该增进相互了解，加强友好合作。

译文：We should enhance mutual understanding and build stronger ties of friendly cooperation.

改译：We should enhance mutual understanding between our tow peoples ,and promote to friendly cooperation with one anthone.

IV.Paragraph Translation (30 points)

A.Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points)

46. Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in r egrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead.One’s thought must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy; one’s own past is a gradually increasing weight. It is ea sy to think to oneself that one’s emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one’s mind more keen. …

The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigour from its vitality. ?Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.

未找到译文。

B.Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (15 points)

47. 家里最大的是我，才十三岁，就唱戏养家了。真是一个钱撕成八瓣用，心里总想着怎样能够改善家里的困境。早晨去喊嗓子，我带着一个小篮拾煤核，为了回家取暖。拾煤核也要放聪明点儿，常常换换地方，为的不受那些野男孩子的欺负。那些男孩子是成群结队的拾煤核，我是一个人，怕被他们欺负，我用换地方的办法，躲着他们。他们看见女孩拾煤核就捣乱，揪我的小辫，向我身上扔虫子，吓得我看见他们就躲。

47答案在00087 英语翻译教程课本的第232页。

实用英文写作与翻译作业与参考答案21

实用英文写作与翻译2-1作业及参考答案 第一次作业： Americans Eat Out More often and Less Healthfully Although food cooked at home is far more healthful than meals eaten at restaurants, Americans are dining out more than ever, the U.S. Agriculture Department said Tuesday. Restaurant food accounted for（[在数量，比例方面] 占） 39 percent of U.S. meals bought in 1996, up from 26 percent in 1970, the department said in a report, ``Away-From-Home Foods Increasingly Important to Quality of American Diet.'' ``While（尽管）the nutritional quality（营养质量）of foods consumed by Americans has improved overall, foods prepared at home are generally much more healthful than away-from-home foods,'' the department said. ``Despite nutritional gains at home, Americans will find it difficult to improve their diets because they purchase so many meals outside the home,'' the study said. While （尽管）the nutritional content of food prepared both at home and in restaurants has improved in recent years, food eaten out contains more of the nutrients Americans typically（一般地；通常）eat too much of, including fat and saturated fat（饱和脂肪）, and less of what is lacking from most diets, such as calcium, fiber and iron. The department recommended nutrition education programs should place more emphasis on teaching U.S. consumers about how to order healthful meals when dining out. Improved diets have been found to prevent risk of heart disease, stroke（中风）, cancer, diabetes（糖尿病）, osteoporosis-related hip fractures（与骨质疏松症有关的髋关节骨折） and neural tube birth defects（神经管先天缺损）. Osteoporosis-related hip fractures cost up to $10.6 billion each year in the United States in medical care expenses, missed work and premature deaths（早亡）, the department said. 参考译文：美国人外出用餐频繁而饮食健康水准美况愈下 据美国农业部星期二称尽管在家煮烧的食物远比餐馆里所用之餐有益于健康，美国人外出用餐更频繁。餐馆里的食物占1996年美国人购餐的39%，比1970年增长了26%。该部门在报告中称：“外出所用之餐对于美国人饮食质量日益重要”。该部门还称：“虽然美国人消费的食物的营养质量总体改善了。但是，一般来说，家里所备的食物远比外出用餐的食物有益于健康。”研究表明：“尽管在家里用餐能获取养份，美国人发觉他们难以改善自己的饮食，因为他们多次在外购餐。”近年来在家里和餐馆里所备的食物的营养结构都得到了改善，然而，外出用餐的食物包含了较多典型的美国人汲取过多的养份，包括脂肪和饱和脂肪，也包含了较少多数饮食中所缺少的，如钙，纤维和铁。该农业部提议营养教育计划应更着重于教导美国消费者外出用餐时如何预定有益于健康的一餐。人们发现改善后的饮食结构能预防心脏病，中风，癌症，糖尿病，与骨盆炎相关的髋部骨折以及试管婴儿的神经缺陷所带来的危险。该部门称，在美国与骨盆炎相关的髋部骨折每年在医疗照料费用，医疗失误和早产死亡之上的耗费高达106亿美元。 第二次作业 1、Kill one’s appetite ?Kill time ?Kill the peace ?Kill the mood ?Kill the proposal ?Kill the engine ?Kill the child with kindness 2、If the doctor had been available, the child would not have died. 3、This ticket is available in all parks. 4、I’ll have Mr. Perkin call you back as soon as he is available.

(英语)英语翻译专项习题及答案解析含解析

（英语）英语翻译专项习题及答案解析含解析 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。（visit） 2．街头艺术家运用创意将鲜艳明亮的色彩带进了老社区。（bring） 3．在你生命中，如果有一个人你需要对他说对不起，那么就去向他道歉吧。（apology）4．这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。（what） 5．申请材料需要精心准备，这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确地了解。（in order that） 【答案】 1．Delicious food is one of the pleasures when people visit Shanghai. 2．Street artists bring bright and vivid colors into older neighborhoods with originality 3．If there is someone to whom you need say sorry in your life, make an apology to him. 4．What makes this game peculiar lies in that it teaches kids how to handle the problems in real life. 5．The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have an overall and accurate knowledge of your abilities. 【解析】 【分析】 1．本句重点考察两个知识点。一个是乐趣之一，说明此处的乐趣应该用复数，必须是可数名词，因此选择pleasure。另一个是题目中给出的visit，需要谨慎处理，是用做动词还是名词。此处我们给出一个时间状语从句when people visit Shanghai，同时还可使用其他从句进行处理。所以答案是Delicious food is one of the pleasures when people visit Shanghai. 2．本题难度不大，重点是明亮的色彩的表达，可以使用bright colors, 也可以使用bright and vivid colors. 所以答案是Street artists bring bright and vivid colors into older neighborhoods with originality 3．本题考查there be + 定语从句从而构成条件状语从句。另外考察“道歉”用“make apology to sb.”。所以答案是If there is someone to whom you need say sorry in your life, make an apology to him. 4．本题考察what引导的主语从句，以及“be peculiar to”的用法。所以答案是What makes this game peculiar lies in that it teaches kids how to handle the problems in real life. 5．本题主要考固定词组的掌握，为了使用in order that引导出的目的状语从句。另外也考查 preferred school，have…knowledge/ understanding of…，overall，accurate等。所以答案是The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have an overall and accurate knowledge of your abilities. 【考点定位】翻译句子

英语翻译基础期末复习完整

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英语翻译练习题及答案 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．熬夜大大影响健康。(affect) _________________________ 2．等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。(by the time) _________________________ 3．从长远来看，你的知识面越广，就越有能力应付工作中的问题。(capable) _________________________ 4．据信，过分溺爱孩子会不知不觉地造成孩子的坏脾气，甚至缺乏自理能力。(It) _________________________ 【答案】 1．Staying up late affects one’s health greatly. 2．By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up. 3．In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work. 4．It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves. 【解析】 【分析】 本题考查翻译句子，注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。 1．考查非谓语动词。affect表示“影响”，是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，stay up表示“熬夜”，本句使用动名词作主语，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，注意动名词作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数，故翻译为：Staying up late affects one’s health greatly. 2．考查时态语态。by the time引导的时间状语从句，表示将来的时间时，从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时，stadium与set up之间是被动关系，所以用将来完成时的被动语态，故翻译为：By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up. 3．考查固定句式。be capable of表示“能够”，根据句意可知本句使用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”，陈述的是客观事实。用一般现在时，故翻译为：In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work. 4．考查形式主语和非谓语动词。ability后用不定式作后置定语，ability to do表示“做……的能力”，根据提示词可知本句使用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves. 2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in

英语期末考试翻译句子

Unit1 A new study shows that dogs can detect if someone has cancer just by sniffing the person’s breath. Ordinary household dogs with only a few weeks of basic training learn to accurately distinguish between breath samples of lung- and breast-cancer patients and healthy subjects.One expert, who led the research, said, “Our study provides compelling evidence that cancers hidden beneath the skin can be detected simply by (dogs’) examining the odors of a person’s breath.” Early detection of cancers greatly improves a patient’s survival chances, and researchers hope that man’s best friend, the dog, can become an important tool in early screening. Unit 2 A research team recently replicated a bacterium’s genetic structure entirely from l aboratory chemicals, moving one step closer to creating the world’s first artificial organism. The researchers said, “It’s the second step of a three-step process to create a synthetic organism. But the final step could prove far more difficult.” Nonetheless, the research is pushing forward at a rapid pace. Last June, the team revealed details of an experiment in which researchers inserted the DNA of one species of bacterium into the cells of another. That process almost magically booted up the inserted genome. The research team hopes to use a similar trick to boot up the artificially created genome, so as to create a man-made living organism. Unit 3 In recent years, the psychologists from many countries banded together to do a research which indicated that continued income growth could make people apply themselves to an ongoing consumption race rather than promote overall happiness. Everyone has to spend more and more money in order to maintain a constant level of happiness. This is because our vanity and jealousy are functioning . The way to sort out them out is to cultivate the noble sentiment of being considerate and serving the society. People shouldn’t pin all their hopes on money. Instead , friends, family and work are also playing a very improtant role . Therefore, hapiness is not an inborn trait, but a talent which everyone can learn. Unit 4 I used to feel excited at teaching my students the elegant economic theories that could supposedly cure societal problems of all types. But what is the good of all my complex theories when people were dying of starvation on the sidewalks and porches across from my lecture hall? My lessons were like the American movies where the good guys always win. But when I emerged from the comfort of the classroom, I was faced with the reality of the city streets. Here good guys were mercilessly beaten and trampled. Daily life ws getting worse, and the poor were growing even poorer. Unit 5 No one thought that shy little Einstein would grow up to a prominent scientist. He was slow in learning to speak, and he often paused to consider what he would say during a conversation.In school, Albert Einstein was singled out by his teachers as a troublesome child because he liked to ask difficult strange questions. He did not like to memorize facts and rules, but was interested in what lay below the surface of things. When he was four or five years old, for instance, his father gave him a compass. Little Einstein was curious about the mysterious force that could keep a compass needle always pointing north, which prompted him to read widely in science. His real studies were mostly done at home by reading books on mathematics, physics, and philosophy. Unit 6 Most Americans have great vigor and enthusiasm. They prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by others. They pride themselves on their independence, their right to make their own minds. They tend to take the initiatives, even when there is a risk in doing so. They have courage and do not give in easily. They are considered sentimental. When they see a flag on ceremonial occasions, or attend parades celebrating Ame rica’s glorious past, tears may come to their eyes. They tend to be emotional at the reunions with family and friends, too. Sometimes, they can laugh at themselves and their country, while they will always remain intensely patriotic.