全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试英语二级笔译实务题库-历年真题【圣才出品】
第一部分真题精选
英语二级笔译实务英译汉真题精选（42篇）及答案
Passage1
Where Shakespeare Slept,or So They Say
Tucked away in this small village in Buckinghamshire County is the former Elizabethan coaching inn where William Shakespeare is said to have penned part of “A Midsummer Night’s Dream.”
Dating from1534,the inn,now called Shakespeare House,is thought to have been built as a Tudor hunting https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f4885494.html,ter it became a stop for travelers between London and Stratford-upon-Avon,where Shakespeare was born and buried.
It was“Brief Lives,”a17th-century collection of biographies by John Aubrey, that linked Shakespeare to the inn,saying that he had stayed there and drawn inspiration for the comedy while in the village.
One of the current owners,Nick Underwood,said the local lore goes even further:“It is also said he appears at the oriel window on the top floor of the house on April23every year—the date he is said to have been born and to have died.”
“In later years,the house later became a farm house,with150acres of land, but,over time,pieces were sold off,”Mr.Underwood said.“In the20th century,it was owned by two American families.”Now,he and his co-owner,Roy Elsbury, have put the seven-bedroom property on the market at1.375million,or$2.13 million.
Despite its varied uses and renovations over the years,the4,250-square-foot,
or395-square-meter,inn has retained so much of its original character that the organization English Heritage lists it as a Grade II property,indicating that it is particularly important and of“more than special interest.”Only27percent of the 1,600buildings on the organization’s register have this designation.
“We knew of the house before we bought it and were very excited when it came up for sale.It is so unusual to find an Elizabethan property of this size,in this area,and when we saw it,we absolutely fell in love with it,”Mr.Underwood said.“We have taken great pleasure in working on it and living here.This house is all about the history.”In addition to being the owners’home,the property currently is run as a luxury guest house,with rooms rented for99to250a night.
“Shakespeare House is a wonderful example of Elizabethan architecture,”said Dean Heaviside,the national sales director of Fine real estate agency,which is representing the owners.“It has been beautifully restored and offers a unique lifestyle,which brings a taste of the past together with modern-day comfort.It is rare to find a home like this on the market.”
参考译文
白金汉郡一座小村落深处，有一所伊丽莎白时期的车马驿站，据说莎士比亚曾在这里执笔创作了《仲夏夜之梦》的部分篇章。
这座现被称之为“莎士比亚之屋”的建筑，初建于1534年，是都铎时期打猎者的栖息地。后来这里成了伦敦与斯特拉特福路途中往返过客的歇脚之地。斯特拉特福是莎士比亚生命开始与结束的地方。
17世纪约翰·奥布里编写的传记合集中提到：正是这短促的逗留，让莎士比亚与这所驿
站有了交集，莎士比亚在这座小村期间就暂住于此，并在这里找到《仲夏夜之梦》的创作灵感。
尼克·安德伍德是房屋现在的主人之一，他说当地的流言更加夸张：“据说，每逢4月23日，就会有人看到莎士比亚的身影出现在房屋顶层的壁窗上。相传4月23日是莎士比亚的出生之日，也是他的逝世之日。”
随后，这所建筑变成了供150英亩农田使用的农舍。时过境迁，农田被分割变卖。安德伍德称，“在他之前，房屋由两个美国家庭占有”。现在他和房屋的共同主人罗伊·艾斯布雷打算将这座有7间卧房的房屋以137.5万英镑（213万美元）的市价出售。
房屋面积4,250平方英尺（395平方米），多年来，这座建筑的用途几经变更，但驿站依旧未改它最原始的风格。英国文化遗产保护组织将其列为二级文物，这说明该座建的重要性非同小可，且具有不同寻常的迷人之处。该组织认证的1600座建筑中，仅有27%的建筑享有此等殊荣。
“我们先前就留意到这座房屋，后来得知它要出售的消息，我们兴奋极了。要在这块儿地方找到一座这般大小的伊丽莎白时期建筑实非易事，我们一见到它就深深爱上它了，”安德伍德先生说道，“在这里干活儿，在这里生活，我们非常享受。这座房屋处处都是历史。”目前，这里除了是房屋主人的居所外，还是供人住宿的豪华客房，房间租住价格从一晚99英镑到250英镑不等。
迪恩·海维塞德是高端房地产机构全国销售总监，他从买房者的角度分析说，“‘莎士比亚之屋’极好地展现了伊丽莎白时期建筑的特色。房屋修缮精美，能让人们从中体味到古典韵味与现代舒适相结合的独特生活方式。市面上很难找到像这样的房屋。”
Passage2
In Greenland,Ice and Instability
The ancient frozen dome cloaking Greenland is so vast that pilots have crashed into what they thought was a cloud bank spanning the horizon.Flying over it,you can scarcely imagine that it could erode fast enough to dangerously raise sea levels any time soon.
Along the flanks in spring and summer,however,the picture is very different. For an increasing number of warm years,a network of blue lakes and rivulets of melt-water has been spreading ever higher on the icecap.
The melting surface darkens,absorbing up to four times as much energy from the sun as snow,which reflects sunlight.Natural drain pipes called moulins carry water from the surface into the depths,in some places reaching bedrock.
The process slightly,but measurably,lubricates and accelerates the grinding passage of ice towards the sea.
Most important,many glaciologists say,is the break-up of huge semi-submerged clots of ice where some large Greenland glaciers,particularly along the west coast,squeeze through fiords as they meet the warming ocean.As these passages have cleared,this has sharply accelerated the flow of many of these creeping,corrugated and frozen rivers.
Some glaciologists fear that the rise in seas in a warming world could be much greater than the upper estimate of about60centimetres this century made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change last year.(Seas rose less than30 centimetres last century.)
The panel’s assessment did not include factors known to contribute to ice
flows but not understood well enough to estimate with confidence.A scientific scramble is under way to clarify whether the erosion of the world’s most vulnerable ice sheets,in Greenland and west Antarctica,can continue to accelerate. The effort involves field and satellite analyses and sifting for clues from past warm periods.
Things are definitely far more serious than anyone would have thought five years ago.
参考译文
格林兰岛被广袤的原始冰层所笼罩，飞行员曾将冰层误认为地平线上隆起的云堤，并与其迎头相撞。飞越冰岛，你很难想象冰层被侵蚀的速度会如此之快，似乎冰岛随时都有被海水淹没的危险。
值初春夏末之际，格陵兰岛却呈现出一幅截然不同的景象。由于连续多年气候变暖，蓝色湖泊与融水溪流交织的水网在冰盖之上越漫越广。
积雪可折射太阳光，而融化处表面的颜色变深，吸收的太阳热量是积雪表面吸收热量的四倍。冰臼像天然的排水管道将融化的雪水从表面灌向底层，有些区域一直通向基岩。
这一过程对冰层向海水的倾斜起到催化加速的作用。进程虽然缓慢，但却视之可见。
多名冰川学家称，最严重的问题是，因遇到海洋暖流，格林兰岛上的大块冰山挤过海湾之时，会引发大块半漂浮冰层的断裂，尤其是在西部沿海区域。冰山活动明显，极大地为诸多蜿蜒褶皱的冰流推波助澜。
部分冰川学家担心，全球变暖环境下，海平面上升的高度将远远超过政府间气候变化专门委员会去年预测的涨幅上限60厘米。（上世纪，海平面已上涨近30厘米。）专家委员会的评估中没有涵盖所有已知的影响冰川流动的因素，也没有充分掌握如何进
行准确评估的方法。目前正有科学研究对格林兰岛和南极大陆上最薄弱的冰层予以观察，以弄清楚冰层的侵蚀现象是否会继续加快。研究包括现场和卫星勘测分析以及对历史阶段变暖时期研究纪录的筛查。
与五年之前人们的预想相比，显而易见，目前事态更加严重。
Passage3
The runaway success of Stieg Larsson’s“Millennium”trilogy suggests that when it comes to contemporary literature in translation,Americans are at least willing to read Scandinavian detective fiction.But for work from other regions,in other genres,winning the interest of big publishing houses and readers in the United States remains a steep uphill struggle.
Among foreign cultural institutes and publishers,the traditional American aversion to literature in translation is known as“the3percent problem.”But now, hoping to increase their minuscule share of the American book market—about3 percent—foreign governments and foundations,especially those on the margins of Europe,are taking matters into their own hands and plunging into the publishing fray in the United States.
Increasingly,that campaign is no longer limited to widely spoken languages like French and German.From Romania to Catalonia to Iceland,cultural institutes and agencies are subsidizing publication of books in English,underwriting the training of translators,encouraging their writers to tour in the United States, submitting to American marketing and promotional techniques they may have previously shunned and exploiting existing niches in the publishing industry.