浙江省中考英语总复习教材知识梳理
第 1 课时 八年级下册 Modules 1－2
基础知识巩固
1.smell v. 有……的气味； 15 .jeans n. [用复数]牛仔裤
闻；闻出
16．nervous adj. 情绪不安的；紧 29.afford v. (有财力)买
n．气味
张的
得起，付得起
2．soft adj. 软的；柔软的 17．fair adj. (头发)金色的，浅 30．invite v. 邀请
3．sour adj. 酸的；馊的
褐色的
31．move v. 搬家；改
4 ．cookie n. 小甜饼；曲奇 18．pretty adj. 秀丽的；标致的 变……的位置
饼
19．proud adj. 感到自豪的；感到 32．send v. 派遣去；命
5．lovely adj. 令人愉快
骄傲的
令……去
重 点 单 词
的；可爱的 6．done adj. 做完的 7．try n. 尝试；努力 8．pie n. 馅饼；派 9．sound v. 听起来；令人觉
20．stranger n. 陌生人 21．message n. 电子邮件；口信； 信息 22．hobby n. 业余爱好 23．mark n. 分数
33．Germany n. 德国 34．France n. 法国 35．tower n. 塔 36．ancient adj. 古老 的；古代的
得
24．ever adv.曾经；从来；在任何 37．king n. 国王；君王
10．salt n. 盐；食盐
时候
38．queen n. 女王；王后
11．jam n. 果酱
25．enter v. (使)参加；(使)报名 39．way n. 方面； 态度
12．favourite n. 最喜欢的 26．competition n. 比赛；竞争 40．mix v. 相混合；融合
人或事
27．prize n. 奖品；奖项
41．miss v. 惦念；怀念；
13．ear n. 耳朵
28．dream n．梦；梦想；梦寐以求 想念
14．glasses n. [用复数]眼 的
42．count v. 数；清点
镜
v．做梦；梦到；梦想
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f9955665.html,pete v. 竞争→competitor
1.smell n. & v. 闻；闻出 n. 竞争者；对手
→smelled/smelt(过去式)
→competition n. 比赛；竞争
→smelled/smelt(过去分词) 8．dream v. 做梦；梦到；梦想
2．soft adj. 软的；柔软的 →dreamed/dreamt (过去式)
→hard (反义词)硬的
→dreamed/dreamt(过去分词)
词 汇 拓 展
→softly adv. 柔软地 3．do v. 做→done adj. 做 完的 4．salt n. 盐；食盐→salty adj. 咸的
9．invite v. 邀请→invitation n. 邀请；请帖 10．mix v. 相混合；融合 →mixture n. 混合物 11．send v. 派遣去；命令……去
5．nervous adj. 情绪不安 →sent (过去式)→sent (过去分
的；紧张的→nerve n. 神经 词)
6．proud adj. 感到自豪的； 12．France n. 法国→French n.
感到骄傲的→pride n. 自
法语
豪；骄傲
→French adj. 法国(人)的；法语
的
1.have a try 尝一尝；试试 11.hear from 收到……的来信
看
12．in the right way 以正确的方
2．sweet tooth 对甜食的爱 式
好
13．be excited about…对……感
3．be proud of… 为……而 到兴奋
重 感到骄傲
14．shake hands with 跟……握手
点 4．sb.can't wait 某人等不 15．enter a competition 参加比
短 及了
赛
语 5．at school 在学校；上学 16．win a prize/some prizes 获
6．first prize 一等奖
奖
7．write about 编写；写作 17．at the moment 此刻
8．make up 编写；创作
18．be different from 不同于，
9．count down 倒数；倒计时 与……不同
10．a bit 有点儿
19．so far 到目前为止
续表
20．have a Western meal 吃西餐
1.It tastes good.它尝起来很好吃。
8.What a delicious smell! 好香的
2．You look very pretty.你看起来很漂 味道啊！
亮。
9．How do you feel about coming
3．It doesn't smell fresh.它闻起来不新 to China? 你对来中国感受如何？
鲜。
10．But I can't tell you how
4．I feel nervous when I speak
excited I am about going to
重 Chinese.当我讲中文的时候，我感觉很紧 China！但是我没法表达对去中国的兴
点 张。
奋之情。
句 5．—Have you ever won any prizes
11．So far they have learnt to
型 befo re? 你以前曾经得过奖吗？
speak German，French，Chinese and
—No, I haven't.不，我没得过。
Arabic.到目前为止，他们已经学会了
6．That sounds wonderful, but I
德语、法语、汉语和阿拉伯语。
haven't travelled much.那听起来很精
12．Recently，their father's
彩，但我去的地方不多。
company has asked him to go back
7．They have bee n to many interesting to the US.最近，他们父亲的公司让
places.他们去过很多有趣的地方。
他回美国。
重难词句选析
1．smell v. 有……的气味；闻；闻出(教材 P2) 【点拨】
(1)smell 用作连系动词，意为“发出……气味；闻起来”，一般不用于被动语态和进行时态。但有时态变 化，过去式是 smelt/smelled，过去分词是 smelt/smelled。常见结构为：“主语＋smell＋形容词”或“主语＋ smell＋of＋名词”。如：
This blue rose smells very sweet.这支蓝玫瑰闻起来很香。 The water smelt of earth.水闻起来有泥土味。 (2)smell 还可用作实义动词，意为“闻到”，后可直接接宾语，也可以接复合宾语。如： I smelt something burning.我闻到了东西烧焦的味道。 【拓展】相似用法还有 feel(感觉，摸起来)，taste(品尝，尝起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)这些动 词。 【即时训练】 第(1)题 根据汉语意思完成句子；第(2)题根据汉语提示补全句子。
(1)这瓶牛奶闻起来有点酸。 The bottle of milk __smelt__ a little __sour__． (2)These clothes look __good__(好)and sell __well__(好)． 2. afford v. (有财力)买得起，付得起(教材 P10) 【点拨】afford 常与 can，could，be able to 连用，意为“负担得起(费用)；经受得住(损失、后果)；抽 得出(时间)”。后面一般接名词、代词或不定式，多用于否定句或疑问句中。如： We can't afford a new house.我们负担不起一个新房子。 He couldn't afford to lose his fortune entirely.他经不起倾家荡产。 【即时训练】 用所给词的适当形式填空。 They can't afford __to__go__(go) abroad this summer. 3．invite v. 邀请(教材 P10)
【点拨】invite 作动词，意为“邀请”，常见用法有： (1)invite sb.to sp.＝ ask sb.to sp.邀请某人到某地 如： The headmaster invited the mayor to our school.校长邀请了市长来我校。 (2)invite sb.to do sth.＝ask sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事 如： She invited her friends to have dinner tog ether.她邀请她的朋友共进晚餐。 【拓展】invitation 是 invite 的名词形式，作“邀请”讲时，是不可数名词；作“邀请书；请帖”讲时， 是可数名词。如： Come at the invitation.应邀前来。 I received his invitation to attend his wedding.我收到了他的婚礼请柬。 【即时训练】 根据汉语意思完成句子。 琳达邀请我们参观她叔叔的农场。 Linda __invites__ us __to__visit__ her uncle's farm.
4．be proud of 为……感到骄傲(教材 P4) 【点拨】be proud of 是形容词短语，意为“为……感到骄傲”。其中，proud 为形容词，意为“自豪的，骄 傲的”。其同义短语为 take pride in。如： We are proud of our country.＝We take pride in our country.我们为祖国而骄傲。 【即时训练】
用适当的介词填空。 (1)We take pride __in__ our success. (2)Good job，Charlie.I'm proud __of__ you. 5．make up 编写；写作(教材 P10) 【点拨】在初中英语中，make up 常有以下含义： (1)编写；写作；编造。如： He made up an interesting story.他编写了一个有趣的故事。 He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick.他编造了一些借口，说他的女儿病倒了。 (2)组成，构成。如： The three paragraphs make up a passage.这三个段落构成了一篇文章。 (3)化妆。如： The actors have to make up before they appear i n front of people on the stage.演员出现在台下观 众面前时，必须先化妆。 【即时训练】 根据汉语意思完成句子。 女生占学生人数的 30%。 Girls __make__up__ 30% of the number of students.
6．What does your mum look like？你的妈妈长什么样子？(教材 P7) 【点拨】What do/does…look like？用于询问某人的外貌特征。如： —What does your father look like？你爸爸长什么样子？ —He is tall and thin.他又高又瘦。 【拓展】What be…like？还可以用来询问某人的性格特点。如： —What is your siste r like？你妹妹是什么样子的人？ —She is friendly.她很友好。
【即时训练】
单项选择。
( B )—What does Anna look like?
—________．
A．She's kind
B．She's tall
C．She likes skating D．She looks great 7. The first prize is only the book called Around the world in 80 days！只有《环游世界 80 天》这 本书获得了一等奖！(教材 P10) 【点拨】called Around the world in 80 days 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词 book，相当于一个省 略了 that is 的定语从句。如： I read a book (which/that is) written by Mo Yan last night.我昨晚读了一本莫言写的书。 【即时训练】 根据汉语意思完成句子。 你认识一位叫吉姆的人吗？ Do you know a person __named__ Jim? 8．T hey have been to many interesting places.他们去过很多有趣的地方。(教材 P12) 【点拨】have/has been to 表示“已经去过某地(人已返回)”。如： I have been to Shanghai.我已经去过上海了。 【拓展】(1)have/has gone to 表示“已经去某地了(人在去某地的途中或已到达某地)”。如： My father has gone to Shanghai.我父亲已经去上海了。 (2)have/has been in 表示“在某地待了多长时间”。如： Jane has been in China for 2 years.简在中国已经待了 2 年了。 【即时训练】 用 have been to，have gone to 或 have been in 的适当形式填空。 (1)—Where's your sister? —She __has__gone__to__ the library. (2)—Would you like to go to America with us，Li Fang?
—I'd love to，but I __have__been__ there twice. (3)My grandparents __have__been__in____the countryside for nearly 70 years.
当堂练习检测 Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出正确的单词。 1．Can you send a __message__(口信) for me? 2．He is making some chocolate __cookies__(小甜饼)． 3．My __hobby__(业余爱好) is playing basketball. 4．I want to buy a car，but I can't __afford__(买得起) it. 5．Xi'an is an __ancient__(古老的) city with a long history. 6．There is a tall __tower__(塔) on the hill. 7．Have you __ever__(曾经)been to America? 8．The first __prize__(奖品) is the holiday in England. Ⅱ.用方框中所给单词或词语的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次。 salt，send，have a try，pride，strange 1．It's dangerous for children to talk with __strangers__． 2．The fish is ready.You can __have__a__try__． 3．My mother is a great mother.I'm __proud__ of her. 4．His mother____sent__ him to a boarding school yesterday. 5．The soup tasted a bit __salty__．Maybe you put too much salt into it.
Ⅲ.(课文改编)根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。 Mike and Clare live in Cairo in Egypt because his father has been 1.__sent__( 派 遣 ) to work there.Their father，Peter，works for a big company.The company has 2.__offices__(办公室；办事处) in many countries ， and it has sent Peter to work in 3.__Germany__( 德 国 ) ， France and China before.Peter usually stays in a country for about two years.Then the comp any 4.__moves__(迁移；调 动) him again.So his family always goes with him. They have visited many 5.__interesting__(有趣的 ) places in Egypt.For example， they have seen the Pyrami d ， and they have visited the 6.__ancient__( 古 老 的 ) palaces of the kings and 7.__queens__(王后)．Mike and Clare have learnt a little Arabic，and when they speak it，they often 8.__mix__(混淆) it with German，French and Chinese.9.__Recently__(近来)，their father's company has asked him to go back to the US.Mike and Clare are 10.__counting__(数) down the days. Ⅳ.语法填空。在文中空白处填入一个适当的词，或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。 There was a man who had four sons.He wanted his sons to learn not to judge (判断) things too 1.__quickly__(quick)．So he sent them to go and look at a pear tree that was far away in turn. The first son went in winter, the second in spring，the third in summer, and the 2.__younegst__(young) son in fall. When they had all gone and come back, he asked them to describe what they had seen. The first son said there was 3.__nothing__ on the tree. The second son said it was 4.__covered__(cover) with green buds (花蕾) and full of promise. The third son said it was filled with flowers that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful.The last son 5.__disagreed__(agree) with all of them, he said it was full of fruit, life and harvest (收获). The man then explained to his sons that they were all right, because they each had seen but one season in the 6.__tree's__(tree) life. He told them that they cannot judge a tree, or a person, by only one season, they can only be judged at the end, when all the seasons are up. If you give up when it's winter, you will miss the promise of your spring, the 7.__beauty__(beautiful) of your summer, the harvest of your fall. Don't let the pain of one season destroy the joy of all the rest.
巩固练习
Ⅰ.完形填空 I used to live in my own room alone.But one day it all changed when my brother Mike asked to share my __1__．At first，my parents said “no” to him，but at last my mother agreed.I cried and asked my parents not to do this，__2__ it didn't work. As soon as Mike entered my room ， it began to become __3__ ． To my anger ， he often left his unwashed clothes and toys everywhere! One evening，I was doing some __4__ on my computer while Mike was listening to music.__5____，I left my seat to get some water.A big surprise was waiting for me when I __6__.He was using my computer to play game.I had forgotten to save the homework.Sadly，he had closed my programme __7__ saving it—all I had done had disappeared! I __8__ him.He cried a lot as my mother came and beat him.My mother also asked him to leave my room at once. Then I did my homework __9__ ． At 10 ： 00 pm.I finished it.When I was going to turn off the __10__，I saw the photo of my __11__ that he had put on my table.I looked at his lovely face a nd remembered how __12__ he was when my mum beat him.I really felt __13__．I went to see what he was
doing.I found he was __14__ in my parents' bed.I kissed his face.He woke up，got up and said，“I'm sorry.I won't bring you any more trouble.”
I was as moved and said，“From now on，my room is not only mine.It is __15__！” That every night，Mike and I shared not only the room，but the bed.
( C )1.A.clothes B．food C．room D．toys ( B )2.A.because B．but C．or D．so ( A )3.A.dirty B．empty C．quiet D．tidy ( B )4.A.business B．homework C．reading D．shopping ( A )https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f9955665.html,ter B．Instead C．However D．Sometimes ( C )6.A.danced B．fell C．returned D．slept ( D )7.A.after B．by C．for D．without ( D )8.A.agreed with B．heard from C．looked after D．shouted at ( D )9.A.as well B．for ever C．in the end D．once again ( A )https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f9955665.html,puter B．fan C．radio D．TV ( A )11.A.brother B．cousin C．father D．grandfather ( C )12.A.clever B．happy C．sad D．silly ( D )13.A.bored B．excited C．proud D．sorry ( B )14.A.jumping B．sleeping C．sitting D．singing ( C )15.A.his B．hers C．ours D．theirs Ⅱ.阅读理解 Sometimes people come into your life and you know at once that they were sure to be there.They serve some sort o f purpose ， teach you a lesson or help find out who you are or who you want to become.You never know who these people may be：your classmate，neighbour，teacher，long-lost friend or even a real stranger.But you know that every moment they will affect your life in some serious way. Sometimes things happen to you.At the time they may seem terrible，painful and unfair.But later you realise that without getting over those difficulties you would have never realised your further ability and strength.Everything happens for a reason and nothing happens by chance or with good or bad luck. The people you meet affect your life，and the successes and failures you experience，create who y ou are.Even the bad experiences can be learned from.In fact ， they are probably the most
poignant(深刻的)and important ones. Enjoy every day，even every moment and take from it everything that you possibly can，for you
may never be able to experience it again.Talk to people you have never talked to before，and really listen.You__should__set__your__sights__high，hold__your__head__up.
You can make your life anything you wish.Create your own life and then go out and live it. ( D )16.The people we meet ________． A．all know where to find us B．serve us on no purpose C．won't become our neighbour D ．will change us in some way ( B )17.From the passage，we know that bad things can make us ________． A．terribly meet bad luck B．realise our further ability C．find no serious success D．possibly enjoy every moment ( C )18.The underlined sentence “You should set your sights high，hold your head up.” means “________”． A．You should go out to play. B．You should create your own life. C．You should believe in yourself. D．You should enjoy every moment. ( B )19.The writer's advice is that we should ______． A．never talk to strange people B．learn as much as we can each day C．get over difficulties painfully D．not believe in ourselves but others Ⅲ.词汇运用 A)用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
hear，good，count down，meet，win 20．The cake tastes__good__． 21．I have never__heard__ of the story before. 22．Sally is the__winner__ of the singing competition. 23．The students can't wait __to__meet__ their foreign teacher. 24．We are__counting__down__(倒计时)the days to the arrival of the New Year. B)根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。 When I grew up，I studied in London and spent my holiday on a 25.__farm__(农场) in France. During school terms I could 26.__freely__(自由地) enjoy modern life—especially the Internet, TV and a phone network. During the winter breaks, however, I was 27.__thrown__(扔) back to nearly medieval times(中世纪)—no Internet, no TV or no phone. To many of my friends it sounded terrible. But every time the holidays drew 28.__closer/nearer__(更近), I couldn't wait to go to the French countryside with my parents. Where else could I enjoy a 29.__cold__( 冷 的 ) and fresh wind in my hair while rushing down a
hill on my bike, build tree houses with my friends in a forest，30.__catch__(捉) fishes in a river
for lunch and play with baby rabbits—all in the same day?
I consider myself lucky to have had such a different 31.__experience__(经历)．
Learning to enjoy myself without 32.__depending__( 依 靠 ) on c omputers and other electronic
things developed my imagination. I learnt many practical 33.__skills__( 技 能 ), such as planting
trees and building boats. I learnt 34.__another__( 另一 ) language and made lifelong friends along
the way too.
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
35．__How__ do you feel when you have to make a speech in front of class? Do you get really shy?
Shyness means feeling nervous or frightened when you're around other people.Experts(专家)have
36.__found__(find)that more than 80 percent of middle school students 37.__feel/are__ afraid to be
the centre of attention.Some kids are born shy.Some become shy later because of their life
38.__experiences__(经历)．
Most people have red faces and talk in 39.__broken__(break)sentences when they get shy.But some
become so shy that they are afraid of 40.__meeting__(meet)new people ， so they seldom go
outside.This kind of shyness can be 41.__bad__ for a person.
If shyness doesn't stop you from doing something you want to do ，be ing shy isn't a very big
problem.Some experts say shy people are quieter a nd 42.__cleverer__(clever)because they think more
and talk 43.__less__(little)． Shy people are also good at working with others because they think
more for other people.
Ⅴ.书面表达
在 学 习 与 生 活 中 我 们 一 定 有 得 到 过 老 师 、 同 学 们 帮 助 的 经 历 ， 这 样 的 经 历 让 我 们 难 忘 且 感 动 。 请 以 “My
Unforgettable Experience”为题，写一篇 100 词左右的英语短文，记一件你身边相互帮助的故事及你的感受。
不得出现真实的姓名、校名及地名。
提示词：ask sb. for help，kind，warm-hearted，helpful，deeply moved
My Unforgettable Experience
I__still__remember__the__story__as__if__it__happened__yesterday.
There__was__a__time__when__I__did__badly__in__my__maths.What's__worse
，
at__that__time__I__fell__ill__and__had__to__be__in__hospital__for__several__days.You__can__imagine
__how__upset__and__disappointed__I__was!__Luckily
，
my__frie nd__Nancy__came__to__help__me__with__my__study.She__was__always__ ready__to__help__others.
Thanks__to__her
，
I__recovered__soon__ and__improved__myself__in__maths__quickly.What__she__had__done__reminds__me__o
f__the__old__saying
：
A__friend__in__need__is__a__friend__indeed.I__was__so__deeply__moved __and__appreciated.
From__my__unforgettable__experience__above
，
I've__learned__that__it's__really__important__to__help__each__ other.People__who__help__others__mak
e__the__world__full__of__love.__
第 2 课时 八年级下册 Modules 3－4
基础知识巩固
1.earth n. 地球
31.health n. 健康(状况)
重 点 单 词
2．moon n. 月亮；月球 3．news n. 新闻；消息 4．planet n. 行星 5．reach v. 到达；抵达 6．yet adv. 还，尚 7．just adv. 刚才；刚刚 8．model n. 模型 9．spaceship n. 航天器；宇 宙飞船 10．project n. 计划；工程； 项目 11．latest adj. 最近的；最 新的 12．discover v. 发现；找到 13．astronaut n. 宇航员 14．none pron. 没有一人；没 有一个 15．environment n. 环境 16．solar adj. 太阳的；与太
17.system n. 系统；体系 18．group n. 群；组 19．universe n. 宇宙 20．light n. 光线；光亮 21．impossible adj. (事情)办 不到的， 不可能的 22．communica te v. 联系；交 流 23．cough n. 咳嗽；v.咳嗽 24．fever n. 发烧；发热 25．headache n. 头痛 26．stomach n. 腹部；肚子 27．ache n. 痛；疼痛 28．ill n. 不健康的；有病的 29．since prep. 自……以来； conj. 自……以来 30．cold n. 感冒；伤风
32．well adj. 健康的 33．heart n. 心脏 34．active adj. 积极的；活 跃的 35．pet n. 宠物；宠畜 36．member n. 成员；会员 37．condition n. 状况；身 体状况 38．sleepy adj. 困的；想睡 的 39．then adv. 当时；那时 40．daily adj. 每天的；天 天的 41．weak adj. 弱的；虚弱的 42．illness n. 病；疾病 43．exercise v. 运动；锻炼 44．awful adj. 极讨厌的； 极坏的 45．perhaps adv. 可能；也
阳有关的
许
1.discover v. 发现；找到
→cover(反义词)v. 覆盖；遮
蔽
2．environment n. 环境
8.sleep n. & v. 睡觉；睡眠
→environmental adj. 有关环 →sleepy adj. 困的；想睡的
境的
→asleep adj. 睡熟了的
3．possible adj. 可能的
9．daily adj. 每天的；天天的
词 汇 拓 展
→impossible adj. 办不到 的；不可能的 4．communicate v. 联系；交 流→communication n. 交流； 沟通
→everyday (同义词) 10．weak adj. 弱的；虚弱的 →weakness n. 虚弱；弱点 →weaken v. 使变弱 11．exercise n. 运动；锻炼
5．ill adj. 不健康的；有病 →exercis e v. 运动；锻炼
的→illness n. 疾病
12．universe n. 宇宙
6．take v. 测定，拍摄；吃， →universal adj. 宇宙的；全球
喝→took (过去式)→taken
的
(过去分词)
7．active adj. 积极的；活跃
的→activity n. 活动
1.no problem 没问题(用于表 12.be up to doing sth.正在做
示乐于做某人要求做的事)
某事，忙于某事
2．space travel 航天旅行
13．far away 远离；遥远
3．solar system 星系；(尤 14．go online 上网
重 点 短 语
指)太阳系 4．stomach ache 胃痛；腹痛 5．catch a cold 感冒 6．take one's temperature 量某人的体温
15．search for information 搜索信息 16．billions of 数 以亿计的 17．communicate with 与…… 联系；与……交流
7．fast food 快餐食品
18．get a (bad) cough 咳嗽
8．take part (in sth.) 参 (得厉害)
加，参与(某事)
19．go for a run/go running
9．in excellent condition 去跑步
健康状况很好
20．go to the doctor/see a
10．feel awful 感到不舒服 doctor 看医生
11．all over 浑身；到处
21．in hospital 住院
1. —What are you up to? 你
在忙什么呢？
—I've just made a model
spaceship for our school
重 点 句 型
project.我刚刚为我们的学校 项目制作了一个宇宙飞船模 型。 2．I haven't started yet b ecause I'm not sure how to make it.我还没有开始，因为 我不确定怎样制作它(宇宙飞 船)。 3. —Has it arrived yet? 它 (宇宙飞船)到达了吗？
—Yes, it has arrived already.That's why it's on the news.是的，它已经到达 了。这就是它(宇宙飞船)上新 闻的原因。 4．Astronauts have already been to the moon.宇航员们已 经去过月球了。 5. However, we have not
6.Lots of scientists are working hard in order to send astronauts to Mars one day.许 多科学家正在努力工作，为了有 一天能将宇航员送入火星。 7．I haven't done much exercise sinc e I got my computer last year.自从去年我 拥有电脑以来就没怎么锻炼了。 8．—How long have you had your bike? 你拥有你的自行车多 长时间了？ —I've had it for about two years.我拥有它(自行车)大约两 年了。 9．Since then, it has become part of my life.从那以后，它 (自行车)成了我生活的一部分。
found life on any other
planets yet.然而，我们至今
还没有在任何其他行星上发现
生命。
重难词句选析
1．yet adv. 还，尚(教材 P18) 【点拨】yet 表示“还(未)”，用在否定句和疑问句，常与一般现在时或现在完成时连用。already 用来表 示“已经”， 用于肯定句。如： We haven't finished our homework yet.我们还没有完成我们的家庭作业。 Man has not discovered any life in space yet.人类尚未在太空中发现生命。
【即时训练】 根据汉语意思选用 already 和 yet 来完成句子。 ——你已经完成你的家庭作业了吗？ ——是的。我已经完成了。 —Have you finished your ho mework __yet__？ —Yes.I've __already__ finished it. 2．discover v. 发现；找到(教材 P18) 【辨析】discover，invent 与 create (1)discover 指“发现”某种本来存在，而以前未被发现的事物或不为人所知的东西。如： I di scovered (that) she was a good cook.我发现她很会烧菜。 (2)invent 表示“发明”，即原来没有而后来发明创造的东西。如： Edison didn't discover electricity，but invented the light bulb.爱迪生没有发现电，但是发明了灯 泡。 (3)create 表示“创造”，指经过努力使事物从无到有。如： They created one new record after a nother.他们创造了一个又一个的新纪录。 【即时训练】 根据汉语意思完成句子。 全世界的科学家都在努力寻找治疗艾滋病的方法。 Scientists around the world are working hard __to__discover__ a cure for AIDS. 3．ill adj. 不健康的；有病的(教材 P26) 【辨析】ill 与 sick ill 和 sick 都有“生病的；有病的”之意，但用法并不完全相同。 (1)ill 表示“生病的；有病的”这一意思时，一般用作表语，不能作定语；而 sick 既可以作表语又可以作 定语，“病人”可以说 a sick man 或 the sick, 但不能说 an ill man 或 the ill。如： She is ill/sick in bed.她卧病在床。 (2)sick 有“恶心的；厌倦的”之意。ill 作定语修饰名词时是“坏的；邪恶的”之意。如： The smell makes me sick.这气味使我感到恶心。 He is an ill man.他是一个邪恶的人。 【即时训练】 用 ill 或 sick 填空。 (1)She is looking after her __sick____father. (2)Jack____is__ill/sick__ in bed.
4．Have you heard the latest news? 你听说过这个最新消息吗？(教材 P18) 【点拨】这是个现在完成时态的句子。现在完成时态的基本结构为： 肯定句：主语＋助动词 have/has＋过去分词＋其他。 否定句：主语＋助动词 have/has＋not＋过去分词＋其他。 肯定回答：Yes，主语＋have/has. 否定回答：No，主语＋haven't/hasn't.(有时也可用“No，not yet./No，never./No，not even once.” 等。) 【即时训练】 用所给词的适当形式填空。 —Mum，may I go out and play basketball? —__Have__ you____finished__(finish) your homework yet? 5．That's why it's on the news.这就是它(宇宙飞船)上新闻的原因。(教材 P18) 【点拨】That's why…意为“这就是……的原因”，why 引导表语从句，对主语进行解释说明，使主语的内 容具体化。从句要用陈述语序。表语从句还可由 what，where，who，how 等词引导。如： That's why I'm angry.那就是我生气的原因。 That's where Lu Xun used to live.这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方。 【即时训练】 根据汉语意思完成句子。 那就是他上学迟到的原因。 __That's__why__he__was__late__for__school._____________________________________________________ _____________________ 6．Scientists think that there has been life on the earth for hundreds of millions of years.科 学家们认为数亿年以前地球上已有生命存在了。(教材 P20) 【点拨】there have/has been 表示“曾经有；已经有……”，是 there be 的完成时形式。如： There have been great changes in such kind of PDAs(掌上电脑) in the last years.近几年里，这种类 型的掌上电脑已经发生了巨大的变化。 【即时训练】 根据汉语意思完成句子。 他们认为在很多年以前，地球上已经有这种生物了。 They think that __there__has__been__ such a creature on the earth since many years ago.
当堂练习检测 Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出正确的单词或短语。 1．I have wanted to be an __astronaut__(宇航员)． 2．__Perhaps__(也许)it will snow tomorrow. 3．The __earth__(地球) goes around the sun. 4．Are you a __member__(成员) of the chess club? 5．The scientists have __disc overed__(发现) many other galaxies in the universe. 6．You should take an __active__(积极的) part in the task . 7．Looking through newspapers is his __daily__(每日的) activity. 8．The old man is in poor __condition__(身体状况)． 9．My mother is __ ill__(生病的)，I have to look after her at home. 10．He didn't go to school bec ause he____caught__a__cold__(感冒)． Ⅱ.用方框中所给单词或词语的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次。 go, sleep, have, possible, health 1．The noise made sleep __impossible__． 2．I __had____a stomachache yesterday. 3．I am so __sleepy__ that I can't listen to the teacher. 4．I'm worried about my mother's __health__． 5．Li Mei __has__gone__ to the library.She will be back in a few minutes. Ⅲ.根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。 Mothers always tell their children what they should eat. When Jim was a child，his mother often told him，“Be 1.__careful__(小心的) not to eat too much
sugar ， or your teeth will 2.__ache__( 痛 ) ． ”Besides ， his mother always asks him to wash hands before meals to prevent 3.__illness__(疾病)．
Mary's mother always took care of Mary well.For example，Mary had a cold and 4.__coughed__(咳嗽) day and night.Her mother took her 5.__temperature__( 温 度 ) first and checked if she had a 6.__fever__(发烧)．Then she would send her to a 7.__hospital__(医院) if necessary.
Michael is a picky( 挑 剔 的 ) boy.He likes meat very much.But he 8.__hardly__( 几 乎 不 ) eats vegetables.That makes his mother very 9.__worried__(着急的)．One day，his mother came up with an idea.She cooked some meat balls with vegetables in it.Michael liked them very much and ate them up.Then he was surprised to find vegetables were 10.__delicious__(美味的)．
巩固练习
Ⅰ.完形填空 That was__1__special day for Jack.It was 12 o'clock at night.He __2__finished his work.He walked __3__ back home in the street.The street was quiet.He looked east.About halfway(在半途)up the sky he __4__ the planet Mars.It looked like a red star.It had the brightest __5__ in the sky. Have you ever seen Mars? Have you __6__ it? Do you know __7__ there is life on Mars? Now let me tell you something about Mars.I am sure you will be __8__ in it. Mars i s the fourth from the sun and the seventh __9__ in the solar system.The __10__ gets the
name probably(大概) because it has the red colour.Of all the planets in the solar system，Mars is the most __11__ the Earth，and the easiest one to travel to.
On April 7 ， 2001 ， America sent Mars Odyssey __12__ Mars.The journey took Mars Odyssey __13__months.On October 24 ， 2001 ， it landed on Mars.Recently scientists have __14__ there maybe liquid(液体的) water on Mars.Water is very important because where there is water on Earth，there is life.Look forward __15__ life on Mars some day!
( A )1.A.a B．an C．the D．/ ( A )2.A.just B．yet C．even D．never ( B )3.A.lonely B．alone C．quick D．along ( B )4.A.see B．saw C．will see D．seeing ( C )5.A.star B．air C．light D．sun ( C )6.A.hear about B．hear from C．heard about D．heard from ( A )7.A.if B．when C．where D．why ( B )8.A.interest B．interested C．interesting D．interests ( D )https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f9955665.html,rge B．larger C．bigger D．largest ( A )10.A.planet B．plant C．star D．satellite ( C )11.A.look B．with C．like D．looks like ( A )12.A.to B．at C．for D．on ( C )13.A.much B．few C．several D．a lot ( A )14.A.discovered B．find C．worked D．find out ( C )15.A. to discover B．finds C．to discovering D．to find Ⅱ.阅读理解 What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt? Here are some steps you should follow.But always remember to look for medical care after first aid(急救) if the wound is serious. Broken bones(骨头)：Take away clothing from the https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f9955665.html,e an ice pack.Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive. Animal bites(咬伤)：Wash the bite area with soap and water.Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding.If the bleeding has stopped，cover the area with a bandage and take the person to the hospital.Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is， so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once. Fainting(昏厥)：Have him or her lie with feet lifted a little.Don't move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall.Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air.Clean the
person's face with a cool cloth. Nosebleeds：Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted(倾斜) forward a little.Do not
have the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing.Pinch(捏) the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.
( B )16.What should we do first when an animal bite happens? A．Put an ice pack on the wound. B．Wash the bite area with soap and water. C．Try to stop the bleeding with a clean cloth. D．Take the hurt person to the hospital. ( C )17.When dealing with the problems of ________，we shouldn't move the hurt. A．broken bones and animal bites B．animal bites and no sebleeds C ．broken bones and fainting D．fainting and nosebleeds ( D )18.Which of the following is not right when a boy's nose bleeds? A．Let his head not tilt back. B．Let his head tilt forward a little. C．Let him sit up. D．Pinch his nose for less than 10 minutes. ( B )19.Which part of a magazine may the passage come from? A．Lifestyle. B．Health. C．Sports. D．Education. Ⅲ.词汇运用 A)用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
heart，study，hundred，eat，plant 20．I have__studied__ English since I was eight. 21．The doctor is checking the girl's __heart__． 22．Many people take part in__planting__ trees on Tree-planting Day. 23．If you want to keep fit，you should stop__eating__ too much food. 24．There are two__hundred__ people in the zoo on Children's Day. B)根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。 When Karen found out that another baby was on the way ， she helped her son Michael 25.__prepare__(准备)for a new baby.She found out that it was going to be a girl，and Michael sang to his sister in Mummy's tummy(肚子) day by day. Finally，Michael's little sister was born.But she was in a serious 26.__condition__(状况)．The doctors told the parents there was ver y little 27.__hope__(希望)．They kept the baby girl in the ICU(重症室)．However，Michael kept 28.__ask ing__(要求)his parents to let him see his sister.“I want to sing to her，” he said.But the head nurse thought children weren't 29.__allowed__(允许)．In the end， Karen agreed because this might be the last time he saw her 30.__alive__(活着的)． When Karen led Michael to his sister's bed ， he began to sing.In the lovely 31.__voice__( 嗓 音 )of a 3-year-old boy，Michael sang，“You are my sunshine，my only sunshine，you make me happy when skies are grey.”The baby girl 32.__seemed__(似乎；好像) to be better suddenly.
“ Keep on singing ， Michael ，” said Karen with tears in her eyes.Little by little ， as Michael
sang to his sister，the baby's breath became 33.__smooth__(顺畅的)．
After a few days ， the little girl was well 34.__enough__( 足 够 地 ) to go home ！ Woman's Day
magazine called it “the miracle of a brother's song”．
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Plenty of people dream of going to Mars(火星).35.__But__ different from those people, 13-year-
old Alyssa Carson has been working 36.__happily__(happy) for that dream since the age of 4,
according to a new report which 37.__was__made__(make) by the BBC not long ago.
Alyssa tells the BBC, “I hope 38.__to__go__(go) to Mars because it is a place that no one has
been to before. I want to take that first step.” According to the BBC, she
39.__has__attended__(attend) USA's three world space camps so far.
Her father, Bert Carson, tells the BBC that Alyssa plans to be on the first long journey to
Mars, which is expected to take place in 40.__the__ year of 2033. “We take great pride 41.__in__
her，” he s ays. “We have the next eighteen 42.__years__(year) planned out.” One of those plans
is Alyssa attending the International Space University.
Of course, Alyssa's dream could come with 43.__bigger__(big) sacrifices(牺牲) than others. If
Alyssa goes to Mars，44.__it__ may be very difficult for her to return to Earth. Still, her father
says, “If that's the only choice she has, she still wants to go.” Alyssa agrees.
Ⅴ.书面表达
随着阳光体育运动在全国的开展，“每天锻炼一小时，健康工作 50 年，幸福生活一辈子”的理念深入人心，
校园里出现了可喜的变化：运动时间延长了，运动项目增加了，学生体质增强了，校园生活丰富了。请以
“Sports in Our School”为题给校刊写一篇报道。
提示：
1．time for sports；
2．kinds of sports；
3．change of students' health and study；
4．change of school life.
要求：
1．80 词左右，可适当发挥；
2．文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称等相关信息。
Sports in Our School
Sports__in__our__school__have__changed__a__lot.Now__we__have__more__than__three__PE__classes__
a__week，and__we__have__at__least__one__hour__to__exercise__every__day.
Students__get__so__excited__at__these__changes.More__and__more__students__t ake__an__active__p
art__in__the__ball__games
，
running
，
and__jumping__on__the__playground.Our__school__life__is__becoming__more__wonderful.
Doing__sports__is__a__good__way__to__relax__and__keep__fit.What's__more
，
a__healthy__body__can__help__us__study__better__and__live__a__happier__life.__
第 3 课时 八年级下册 Modules 5－6
基础知识巩固
1.cartoon n. 漫画；动画片
2．handsome adj. 漂亮的；英俊 18.heaven n. 天国；天堂
35.dollar n. (美国、加拿
的
19．expect v. 期盼；等待
大、澳大利亚等国的货币单
3．smart adj. 机灵的；聪明的 20．artist n. 艺术家；画家
位)元
4．sky n. 天；天空
21．invent v. 发明；创造
36．must v．aux.一定，肯定
5．fight v. 与……战斗； n. 斗 22．copy n. (一)本；(一)份 (用于表示某事可能是真实的)
争
23．black-and-white adj. 黑 37．valuable adj. 值钱的；
6．cool adj. 时髦的；酷的
白的
有价值的
重 点 单 词
7．hero n. 英雄；男主角 8．humorous adj. 幽默的；滑稽 的 9．laugh v. 笑；发笑 10．lesson n. 经验；教训
24．own adj. 自己的 25．private adj. 私人的；个 人的 26．create v. 创造 27．satisfy v. 满足；使满意
38．with prep.用…… 39．value n. 价值；有用性 40．just adv.只是；仅仅 41．person n. 人(通常指成
年人)
11．orange-and-white adj. 橙白 28．fan n. 扇子
42．interest n. 兴趣；爱好
相间的
29．stamp n. 邮票
43．skill n. 技能；技艺
12．ugly adj. 难看的；丑陋的 30．shelf n. 隔板；架子
44．activity n. 活动
13．schoolbag n. 书包
31．as prep.作为；当
45．sailing n. 航海；航行
14．lead v. 领导；率领
32．coin n. 硬币
46．result n. 结果；后果
15．clever adj. 聪明的；机灵的 33．note n. 纸币
47．pleasure n. 愉悦；快乐
16．as conj. 当……时
34．pound n. 英镑
48．success n. 成功；成就
17．mess n. 脏乱；凌乱
1.fight n. & v．战斗；斗争
词 汇 拓 展
→fighter n. 战士 →fought 过去式→fought 过去分 词 2．hero n. 英雄；男主角 →heroes pl. 3．humor n. 幽默→humorous adj. 幽默的；滑稽的 4．laugh v. 笑；发笑→cry 反义 词 5．lead v. 领导；率领→leader n. 领导者 6．clever adj. 聪明的；机灵的 →smart 同义词 7．art n. 艺术→artist n. 艺术 家 8．invent v. 发明；创造 →invention n. 发明
9.own adj . 自己的→own v. 拥有→owner n. 物主；拥 有者 10．create v. 创造 →cr eative adj. 创造性的 →creation n. 创造；创作 11．satisfy v. 满足；使满意 →satisfied adj. 感到满意的 →satisfaction n. 满意 12．value n. 价值；有用性 →valuable adj. 值钱的；有 价值的 13．person n. 人→personal adj. 私人的 14．sail v. 航行→sailor n. 水手→sailing n. 航海；航行
→inventor n. 发明家
11.in the 1980s 在 20 世纪 80
年代
1.can't help doing sth.忍不住 12．as well as 既……
做某事
又……；不但……而且……
2．win the heart of sb.赢得某 13．come to life 苏醒过来；
人的心
表现生动
重 3．tidy up 使整齐；使整洁
14．be popular with 受
点 4．have a look 看一看
到……的欢迎
短 5．come out 出版；问世
15．be based on 以……为基
语 6．as a result 结果；因此
础
7．climb up 向上爬；攀登
16．a bit of 一点
8．each other 互相；彼此
17．show sb.sth.把某物展示
9．expect to do sth.期待做某事 给某人
10．ever since 自从
18．come out 出版；问世
19．run out of 用尽；用光
20．develop one's interests
续表
发展/培养某人的兴趣
9.Why don't we watch Spiderman？我
们为什么不去看《蜘蛛侠》呢？
1.He has been popular for over eighty
10．I can't help laughing when I
years.他(丁丁)已经流行 80 多年了。
watch them! 当我看到他们的时候我就
2．Tintin appeared in China in the 1980s. 忍不住发笑！
丁丁在 20 世纪 80 年代出现在中国。
11．Fans have bought about 200
3．Snoopy lives in his own private world. million copies of Tintin's stories
史努比活在他自己的个人世界。
in more than fifty languages.丁丁
重 点 句 型
4．Hobbies can make you grow as a person. 爱好可以促使你成长。 5．It came out as a book in 2012.它于 2 012 年成书出版。 6．David wrote a story about the life of
迷们已累计购买了约两亿本被译成 50 多种语言的丁丁故事书。 12．My hobby doesn't cost as muc h as yours.我的爱好不如你的(爱好)花 费多。
a sixteen-year-old boy.戴维以一名 16 岁男 13.Some hobbies are relaxing and
孩的生活为题材写了一个故事。
others are active.有些爱好是休闲性
7．I'll show you my stamps too. 我也会把 的，有些是创造性的。
我的邮票展示给你看。
14. They not only enjoy the
8．It's time to watch a cartoon.到看动画 weekend, but also learn a lot
片的时间了。
about life in the old days.他们不
仅享受周末，而且也学到了很多关于过
去生活的事情。
重难词句选析
1. fight v. 与……战斗 n.战斗；斗争(教材 P34) 【点拨】
(1)fight 作动词，意为“打架；战斗”，常构成短语：fight for(为……而战)，fight against(对抗……) 和 fight with sb./have a fight/fights with sb.(同……一起战斗)。如：
They fight for freedom.他们为自由而战。 We must fight against unfairness.我们必须反抗不公正。 They will fight with you.他们会和你一起战斗。 (2)fight 还可以作动词，意为“打架；打仗”。如： There is a fight in the park.有人在公园打架。
【即时训练】 根据汉语提示补全句子。 (1)The soldiers will __fight__for__(为……而战) their country. (2)Each of us has a duty to __fight__against__(与……作斗争)pollution. (3)My parents always tell me not to __fight__with__(与……打架) my classmates. 2．expect v. 期盼；等待(教材 P36) 【点拨】expect 作及物动词，意为“期盼；等待”。后接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语，也可接动词不定 式作宾语补足语，即 expect sb.to do sth.(期望某人做某事)；还可接 that 从句，当 expect 接否定的 that 从 句时，否定要前移。如： I expect to see you soon.我期盼着能很快见到你。 We are expecting a letter from Mary.我们期待着玛丽的来信。 I expect that he will pass the maths exam.我期望他能通过数学考试。 【即时训练】 根据汉语意思完成句子。 (1)我们期望能从电影中学到很多。 We expect __to__learn__ a lot____from____movies. (2)我预料他不会 做出这种事情。 I __don't__expect__that__ he has done such a thing.
3．come out 出版；问世(教材 P50) 【点拨】come o ut 表示“出版；发行”。还表示“出来；显露”。如： When will his new novel come out？他创作的小说什么时候出版？ The book came out at his early age.这本书在他年龄还小的时候就出版了。 At last the truth came out.真相终于大白了。 【即时训练】 根据汉语提示补全句子。 The stars __come__out__(出来)as soon as it was dark. 4．as a result 结果；因此(教材 P50) 【点拨】as a result 意为“结果；因此”，通常独立使用，与前后的句子均用逗号隔开，构成前后因果关 系。如： I was caught in the rain on my way home.As a result，I had a bad cold.我在回家的路上淋雨了，结