ASTM D1424-09 Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus
Designation:D1424–09
Standard Test Method for
Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type)Apparatus1
This standard is issued under the?xed designation D1424;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(′)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1.Scope
1.1This test method covers the determination of the force required to propagate a single-rip tear starting from a cut in a fabric and using a falling-pendulum(Elmendorf-Type)appa-ratus.
1.2This test method applies to most fabrics including woven,layered blankets,napped pile,blanket,and air bag fabrics,provided the fabric does not tear in the direction crosswise to the direction of the force application during the test.The fabrics may be untreated,heavily sized,coated, resin-treated,or otherwise treated.Instructions are provided for testing specimens with,or without,wetting.
1.3This test method is suitable only for the warp direction tests of warp-knit fabrics.It is not suited for the course direction of warp knit fabrics or either direction of most other knitted fabrics.
1.4The values stated in either SI units or U.S.customary units are to be regarded as standard,but must be used independently of each other.The U.S.customary units may be approximate.
1.5This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.Referenced Documents
2.1ASTM Standards:2
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
D629Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles D1776Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
D2261Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the
Tongue(Single Rip)Procedure(Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
D2904Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile Test Method that Produces Normally Distributed Data
D2906Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for Textiles3
D4848Terminology Related to Force,Deformation and Related Properties of Textiles
D4850Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test Methods
D5587Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Trapezoid Procedure
3.Terminology
3.1For all terminology relating to D13.59,Fabric Test Methods,General,refer to Terminology D4850.
3.2For all terminology relating to Force,Deformation and Related Properties in Textiles,refer to Terminology D4848.
3.2.1The following terms are relevant to this standard: cross-machine direction,CD,length of tear,machine direction, MD,tearing energy,tearing force,tear resistance,tearing strength,fabric.
3.3For all other terminology related to textiles,refer to Terminology D123.
4.Summary of Test Method
4.1A slit is centrally precut in a test specimen held between two clamps and the specimen is torn through a?xed distance. The resistance to tearing is in part factored into the scale reading of the instrument and is computed from this reading and the pendulum capacity.
5.Signi?cance and Use
5.1This test method for the determination of tearing strength by the falling pendulum type apparatus is used in the trade for the acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabrics,but caution is advised since technicians may fail to get good agreement between results on certain https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3a414343.html,para-tive tests as directed in5.1.1may be needed.
1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60on Fabric Test Methods, Speci?c.
Current edition approved Jan.15,2009.Published January2009.Originally approved in1956.Discontinued January1995and reinstated as D1424–https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3a414343.html,st previous edition approved in2007as D1424–07a.
2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3a414343.html,,or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3a414343.html,.For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3Withdrawn.The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3a414343.html,.
Copyright?ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.
5.1.1In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments,the purchaser and the sup-plier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories.Statistical assis-tance is recommended for the investigation of bias.As a minimum,the two parties should take a group of test speci-mens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of fabric of the type in question.The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing.The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using appropriate statistical analysis and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing began.If a bias is found,either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration to the known bias.
5.2Microprocessor systems for automatic collection of data can provide economical and reliable results when properly calibrated.See Test Methods D2261and D5587.
6.Apparatus
6.1Falling-Pendulum(Elmendorf-Type)Tester4—The tester includes:a stationary clamp,a clamp carried on a pendulum that is free to swing on a bearing,means for leveling as applicable,means for holding the pendulum in a raised position,means for instantly releasing the pendulum,and means for measuring the force to tear the test specimen.
6.1.1A knife can be mounted on a stationary post for initial slitting of the specimens centered between the clamps and adjusted in height to give a tearing distance of43.060.15mm (1.6960.005in.);that is,the distance between the end of the slit made by the knife and the upper edge of the specimen is 43.060.15mm(1.6960.005in.)when the lower edge of the 63.0-mm(2.560.005in.)wide specimen rests against the bottom of the clamp.
6.1.2With the pendulum in its initial position ready for a test,the two clamps are separated by a distance of2.560.25 mm(0.160.01in.)and are aligned such that the clamped specimen lies in a plane parallel to the axis of the pendulum, the plane making an angle of0.480rad(2
7.560.5°)with the perpendicular line joining the axis and the horizontal line formed by the top edges of the clamping jaws.The distance between the axis and the top edges of the clamping jaws is 10360.1mm(4.05560.004in.).The clamping surface in each jaw is at least25mm(1.0in.)wide and15.960.1mm (0.62560.004in.)deep.
6.1.3The tester may have a pointer mounted on the same axis as the pendulum to register the tearing force,or it may be substituted by means of calculating and displaying the required results without the use of a pointer,such as digital display and computer driven systems.Preferably the clamps may be air actuated,but manual clamping is permitted.
6.1.4The test instrument should be equipped to provide interchangeable full scale force ranges.Typical full scale ranges are shown in Table A3.1.
6.2Calibration Weight(s)for graduation of50%of the full scale force range,or other means as described by the manu-facturer of the test apparatus.
6.3Cutting Die having essentially the shape and dimen-sions shown in Fig.1(a)or(b).Either die provides the basic rectangular test specimen10062mm(460.05in.)long by 6360.15mm(2.560.005in.)wide,along with additional fabric at the top edge of the specimen to help ensure the bottom portion of specimen will be torn during the test.The critical dimension of the test specimen is the distance43.060.15mm (1.6960.005in.)which is to be torn during the test.
N OTE1—The improved die model shown in Fig.1(a)has two new features not found in the original model,Fig.1(b),namely a cutout for the bottom of the specimen to aid in centering it in the clamps,and(optional) provision for cutting the20.0mm(0.75in.)slit prior to inserting the specimen in the tester.These dies can be made to order by most die manufacturers.
6.4Air Pressure Regulator,capable of controlling gage air pressure between410kPa and620kPa(60psi and90psi), when applicable,for air clamps.
6.5Setting Gage for Cutting Blade that will provide a cut slit that leaves a4360.15mm(1.6960.005in.)specimen tearing distance for a6360.15mm(2.560.005in.)wide specimen,or equivalent.
6.6Jaw Spacing Gage2.560.25mm(0.160.01in.) width,or equivalent.
6.7Oil,light weight,non-gumming clock type.
6.8Silicone Grease,when applicable,for air clamp lubri-cation.
6.9Vacuum Cleaner,when applicable,for cleaning dust and ?ber from sensor,or equivalent.
7.Sampling and Test Specimens
7.1Lot Sample—As a lot sample for acceptance testing, randomly select the number of rolls or pieces of fabric directed in an applicable material speci?cation or other agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.Consider the rolls or pieces of fabric to be the primary sampling units.In the absence of such an agreement,take the number of fabric rolls or pieces speci?ed in Table1.
N OTE2—An adequate speci?cation or other agreement between the purchaser and supplier requires taking into account the variability between rolls or pieces of fabric and between specimens from a swatch from a roll or piece of fabric to provide a sampling plan with a meaningful producer’s risk,consumer’s risk,acceptable quality level,and limiting quality level.
4Apparatus is commercially
available.FIG.1Die Diagram for Cutting Notched
Specimens
7.2Laboratory Sample —For acceptance testing,take a swatch extending the width of the fabric and approximately 1m (1yd)along the machine direction from each roll or piece in the lot sample.For rolls of fabric,take a sample that will exclude fabric from the outer wrap of the roll or the inner wrap around the core of the roll of fabric.
7.3Test Specimens —From each laboratory sampling unit,take ?ve specimens from the machine direction and ?ve specimens from the cross-machine direction,for each test condition described in 9.1and 9.2,as applicable to a material speci?cation or contract order.
7.3.1Direction of Test —Consider the long direction of the specimen as the direction of test.
7.3.2Cutting Test Specimens —Take the specimens to be used for the measurement of machine direction with the longer dimension parallel to the machine direction.Take the speci-mens to be used for the measurement of the cross-machine with the longer dimension parallel to the cross-machine https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3a414343.html,e the cutting die described in 6.3and shown in Fig.1(a)or (b),as applicable.When specimens are to be tested wet,cut from areas adjacent to the dry test https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3a414343.html,bel to maintain specimen identity.
7.3.2.1In cutting the woven fabric specimens,take care to align the yarns running in the short direction parallel with the die such that when the slit is cut,the subsequent tear will take place between these yarns and not across them.This precaution is most important when testing bowed fabrics.
7.3.2.2Cut specimens representing a broad distribution across the width and length,and preferably along the diagonal of the laboratory sample,and no nearer the edge than one-tenth its width.Ensure specimens are free of folds,creases,or wrinkles.Avoid getting oil,water,grease,etc.on the specimens when handling.
N OTE 3—The reading obtained is directly proportional to the length of the material torn,therefore,it is essential that the specimen be prepared to the exact size speci?ed.
8.Preparation of Apparatus and Calibration
8.1Select test instrument force range,such that the tear occurs between 20and 80%or 20and 60%of the full-scale range as applicable.Ensure the clamps are spaced as directed in A1.4.
N OTE 4—For standard test apparatus,the useable portion of the full scale force range is 20to 80%.For the high capacity test instrument,the useable portion of the full scale force range is 20to 60%.
8.2When equipped with a registering sensor,examine the scale and the complementary sensor,as https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3a414343.html,ing care and without touching the sensor,vacuum away any loose ?bers and dust.
8.3Examine the knife edge for sharpness,wear,and central alignment as directed in A1.5-A1.7.
8.4For air clamps,set the air gage pressure to the clamps to about 550kPa (80psi).
8.4.1Maximum gage pressure should be no more than 620kPa (90psi)and minimum gage pressure no less than 410kPa (60psi).
8.5When using microprocessor automatic data gathering systems,set the appropriate parameters as de?ned in the manufacturer’s instructions.
8.6Verify the calibration of the selected pendulum full scale force range using the procedure described in Annex A2,unless otherwise speci?ed.9.Conditioning
9.1Condition 1,Standard Testing Conditioning :
9.1.1Precondition the specimens by bringing them to ap-proximate moisture equilibrium in the standard atmosphere for preconditioning textiles as directed in Practice D 1776,unless otherwise directed in a material speci?cation or contract order.9.1.2After preconditioning,bring the test specimens to moisture equilibrium for testing in the standard atmosphere for testing textiles as directed in Practice D 1776or,if applicable,in the speci?ed atmosphere in which the testing is to be performed,unless otherwise directed in a material speci?cation or contract order.
9.2Condition 2,Wet Specimen Testing Conditioning :
9.2.1When desizing treatments are speci?ed prior to wet testing,use desizing treatments that will not affect the normal physical property of the fabric as directed in Test Method D 629.
9.2.2Submerge the specimens in a container of distilled or deionized water at ambient temperature until thoroughly soaked (see 8.2.1.1).
9.2.2.1The time of immersion must be sufficient to wet out the specimens,as indicated by no signi?cant change in tearing force followed by longer periods of immersion.For most fabrics this time period will be about 1h.For fabrics not readily wet out with water,such as those treated with water-repellent,or water resistant materials,add a 0.1%solution of a nonionic wetting agent to the water bath.10.Procedure
10.1Test the conditioned specimens in the standard atmo-sphere for testing textiles,which is 2161°C (7062°F)and 6562%relative humidity,unless otherwise directed in a material speci?cation or contract order.
10.2Position the pendulum to the starting position and the force recording mechanism to its zero-force position.10.3For Tester-Slit Specimens :
10.3.1Place the long sides of the specimen centrally in the clamps with the bottom edge carefully set against the stops and the upper edge parallel to the top of the clamps.Close the clamps,securing the specimen with approximately the same tension on both clamps.The specimen should lie free with its upper area directed toward the pendulum to ensure a shearing action.
TABLE 1Number of Rolls or Pieces of Fabric in the Lot Sample
Number of Rolls or Pieces
in Lot,Inclusive
Number of Rolls or Pieces in Lot
Sample 1to 3all 4to 24425to 505
over 50
10%to a max of 10rolls or
pieces
10.3.2Using the built-in knife blade cut a20mm(0.787in.) slit in the specimen extending from the bottom edge and leaving a balance of fabric43.060.15mm(1.6960.005in.) remaining to be torn.
10.4For Die-Cut or Manually Slit Specimens:
10.4.1If a die without a slit is used,manually cut a20mm (0.787in.)long slit in the center of one edge of the long direction of the specimen.Ensure that the balance of the fabric remaining to be torn is4360.15mm(1.6960.005in.).
N OTE5—The length of the cut is important,see Note3.
10.4.2Place the parallel,unslit sides of the specimen in the clamps with the bottom edge carefully set against the stops,the upper edge parallel to the top of the clamp and the slit centrally located between the clamps.Close the clamps,securing the specimen with approximately the same tension on both clamps. The specimen should lie free with its upper area directed toward the pendulum to ensure a shearing action.
10.5For Wet Specimen Testing:
10.5.1Remove a specimen from the water and immediately mount it on the testing machine in the normal set-up.Perform the test within2min after removal of the specimen from the water.Otherwise,discard the specimen and replace with another one.
10.6Depress the pendulum stop downward to its limit and hold it until the tear is completed and the pendulum has completed its forward swing.Catch the pendulum just after the threshold of its backward swing and return to its locked starting position.When equipped,be careful not to disturb the position of the pointer.Record the scale reading required to completely tear the test specimen.
10.6.1The decision to discard the results of a tear shall be based on observation of the specimen during a test and upon the inherent variability of the material.In the absence of other criteria,such as in a material speci?cation,if an unusual cause is detected,the value may be discarded and another specimen tested.
10.6.2Reject readings obtained where the specimen slips in the jaw or where the tear deviates more than6mm(0.25in.) away from the projection of the original slit.Note when puckering occurs during the test.
10.6.3For microprocessor systems,follow the manufactur-er’s directions for removing values from memory when the decision to discard a tear value has been made.Otherwise,for some test instruments manual calculation of the average is required.
10.6.4If,during the test,the scale reading does not reach 20%or reaches over80%(60%when applicable,see Table A3.1)of full scale range,change to the next lower or higher full scale range,as applicable.See8.6.
10.6.5Record if the tear was cross-wise to the normal (parallel)direction of tear and report that specimen,or that sample,as applicable,as untearable.
10.7Remove the torn specimen and continue until?ve tears have been recorded for each test direction and test condition,as required,from each laboratory sampling unit.
11.Calculations
11.1Tearing Force,Individual Specimens:
11.1.1Standard Test Instrument—Determine the tearing force for individual specimens to the nearest1%of full-scale range using Eq1.
F t5R s3C s/100(1) where:
F t=tearing force,cN(gf)or lbf,
R s=scale reading,
C s=full scale capacity,cN(gf)or lbf.
11.1.2Heavy Duty Test Instrument—Determine the tearing force for individual specimens to the nearest1%of full-scale range using Eq2.
F t5R s3100(2) where:
F t=tearing force,cN(gf)or lbf,and
R s=scale reading,cN(gf)or lbf.
11.2Tearing Strength—Calculate the tearing strength as the average tearing force for each test direction and testing condition of the laboratory sampling unit and for the lot,to the nearest1%of full-scale range in cN,(gf)or lbf.
11.3Standard Deviation and Coeff?cient of Variation—Calculate when requested.
11.4Computer-Processed Data—When data are automati-cally computer-processed,calculations are generally contained in the associated software.Record values as read from the direct reading scale to the nearest mN(gf).In any event,it is recommended that computer-processed data be veri?ed against known property values and its software described in the report.
12.Report
12.1Report that the Elmendorf tearing strength was deter-mined as directed in Test Method D1424.Describe the fabric or product sampled and the method of sampling used.
N OTE6—Some instruments may require different calculations than percentage of scale.In those cases,refer to manufacturer’s recommended calculations.
12.2Report the following information for each laboratory sampling unit and for the lot as applicable to a material speci?cation or contract order.
12.2.1Elmendorf tearing strength for each test direction and testing condition,as requested.
12.2.2Condition of test(with or without wetting).
12.2.3Puckering,if it occurs during the test.
12.2.4Number of tests rejected because of crosswise tear-ing.
12.2.5When calculated,the standard deviation or the coef-?cient of variation.
12.2.6For computer-processed data,identify the program (software)used.
12.2.7Make,model and capacity of testing machine. 12.2.8Type of clamps used,manual or pneumatic(includ-ing pressure).
12.2.9Any modi?cation of the test method.
13.Precision and Bias
13.1Summary—In comparing two averages,the differences should not exceed the single-operator precision values shown in Table2for the respective number of tests,and for
fabrics
having averages similar to those shown in Table2,in95out of 100cases when all the observations are taken by the same well-trained operator using the same piece of equipment and specimens are randomly drawn from the sample of fabric. Larger differences are likely to occur under all other circum-stances.
13.2Elmendorf Tearing Strength,Standard Equipment,In-terlaboratory Test Data—An interlaboratory test was run in 1994–1995in which randomly-drawn samples of three fabrics were tested in each of eleven laboratories.Two operators in each laboratory each tested eight specimens of each fabric using Test Method D1424.Four of the eight specimens were tested on one day and four specimens were tested on a second day.Analysis of the data was conducted using the Practice D2904and Practice D2906.The components of variance for Elmendorf tear strength expressed as standard deviations were calculated to be the values listed in Table3.The three woven fabric types were:
(1)Material2—S/1016H,2/1basket plain weave sheeting, with spun yarns,
(2)Material4—S/0008H,plain weave sheeting,with spun yarns,
(3)Material5—S/2438,plain weave,oxford,spun yarns.
13.3Elmendorf Tearing Strength,Heavy Duty Equipment, Interlaboratory Test Data—An interlaboratory test was run in 1994in which randomly-drawn samples of three fabrics were tested in six laboratories.Two operators in each laboratory each tested eight specimens of each fabric using Test Method D1424.Four of the eight specimens were tested on one day and four specimens were tested on a second day.Analysis of the data was conducted using Practice D2904and Practice D2906.The components of variance for Elmendorf tear strength expressed as standard deviations were calculated to be the values listed in Table3.The three woven fabric types were:
(1)Material1—S/179B,twill weave,with spun yarns,
(2)Material3—S/1008H,plain weave sheeting,with spun yarns,
(3)Material9—Denin,twill weave,with spun yarns. 13.4Precision—For the components of variance reported in Table3,two averages of observed values should be considered signi?cantly different at the95%probability level if the difference equals or exceeds the critical differences listed in Table2for“Elmendorf”tear strength.There were sufficient differences related to the fabric type and structure to warrant listing the components of variance and the critical differences separately.Consequently no multi-fabric comparisons were made.
N OTE7—The tabulated values of the critical differences should be considered to be a general statement,particularly with respect to between-laboratory precision.Before a meaningful statement can be made about two speci?c laboratories,the amount of statistical bias,if any,between them must be established,with each comparison being based on recent data obtained on specimens taken from a lot of fabric of the type being evaluated so as to be as nearly homogeneous as possible and then randomly assigned in equal numbers to each of the laboratories.
13.5Bias—The value of Elmendorf tear strength can only be de?ned in terms of a test method.Within this limitation,Test Method D1424has no known bias.
14.Keywords
14.1Elmendorf;fabric;strength;tear
TABLE2Elmendorf Tear Strength,g Critical Differences for the Conditions Noted A
Machine Type and Materials B
Number of
Observations
in Each
Average
Single-
Operator
Precision
Within-
Laboratory
Precision
Between-
Laboratory
Precision
Standard Machine
Plain,spun yarns,
MAT2
1556556632
2393393495
5249249391
10176176349 Plain,spun yarns,
MAT4
1135146184
295111158
56083140
104372133 Plain,cont.?l.yarns,
MAT5
1538557765
2380407664
5240281595
10170224570 Heavy Duty Machine
Twill,spun yarns,
MAT1
1405482497
2286387406
5181317340
10128290315 Plain,spun yarns,
MAT3
19349341280
26606601097
5418418970
10295295924 Denin twill,spun yarns,
MAT9
156********
23975191224
52514181390
101773781379
A The critical differences were calculated using t=1.960,which is based on in?nite degrees of freedom.
B See13.2and13.3for additional material description.
TABLE3Elmendorf Tear Strength,g
Machine Type and
Materials A
Grand Average
Components of Variance Expressed as
Standard Deviations B
Single-
Operator
Component
Within-
Laboratory
Component
Between
Laboratory
Component Standard Machine
Plain,spun yarns,
MAT2
187********
Plain,spun yarns,
MAT4
1246492140
Plain,cont.?l.yarns,
MAT5
319019452189 Heavy Duty Machine
Twill,spun yarns,
MAT1
47071469444
Plain,spun yarns,
MAT3
51863370316
Denin twill,spun yarns,
MAT9
5264202120478
A See13.2and13.3for additional material description.
B The square roots of the components of variance are being reported to express the variability in the appropriate units of measure rather than as the squares of those units of
measure.
ANNEXES
(Mandatory Information)
A1.ADJUSTMENT OF APPARATUS:USE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION AS APPLICABLE
A1.1Instrument Mounting—Place the tester on a sturdy, level bench(or table).Ensure that there is no perceptible movement of the tester base or bench during the swing of the pendulum.Movement of the instrument during the swinging of the pendulum is a signi?cant source of error.
A1.2Instrument Balance—Level the instrument such that, with the sector free,the line on the sector indicating that vertical from the point of suspension is bisected by the edge of the pendulum stop mechanism.Verify this by holding down the pendulum stop and allowing the pendulum to swing free.When the pendulum comes to rest,the positioning line at the center of the pendulum should be directly above the edge of the pendulum stop.Align,if necessary,by turning the leveling thumb screw at the left end of the tester base.
A1.3Clamp Alignment—Raise the pendulum and position the lower edge against its stop.Visually check the alignment of the clamps.If the clamps are not in alignment,replace the pendulum stop or the pendulum bearing and shaft assembly,or both,following the manufacturer’s instructions.
A1.4Clamp Space Setting,Interchangeable Pendulums—Set the jaw spacing to2.560.25mm(0.160.01in.).Loosen the shoulder head screw on top of the pendulum support.With both clamps in the open position,gently pull the pendulum out until the jaw spacer gage will?t into the grips.Gently push the pendulum in until the jaw spacer gage has just enough clearance to slide out the top of the clamps.With the jaw spacer in place,tighten the shoulder head screw on the pendulum support.Remove the jaw spacer gage.
A1.5Knife Sharpness—Check the sharpness of the knife by inserting a spare specimen in the clamps and cutting a slit with the knife blade in the normal manner.If the knife is dull it will produce a V-notch near the top of the cut and push the material outward.When the knife is determined to be dull, sharpen it with a rough stone,alternately,continuing specimen knife cuts,until no V-notch is observed.Replace the knife blade if necessary.
A1.6Knife Alignment—Check that the knife position is centrally located between the clamps.If the knife cannot be positioned centrally,replace one or any combination of:the pendulum bearing and shaft assembly,the cutter handle,the cutter handle bearing pin,knife blade.
A1.7Specimen Tearing Distance—Check the specimen tearing distance with the knife setting gage.Place the gage in the stationary specimen clamp in the usual manner for testing fabric.Ensure the gage is positioned with the wide dimension upwards and the projection extending over the edge of the stationary clamp far enough such that the knife can be adjusted to the bottom edge of the gage.Adjust the knife position such that the highest point of the blade just touches the bottom edge of the gage and then secure it in place.Replace the knife when it no longer can be adjusted to the gage,or optionally.
A1.7.1Check the tearing distance by using the die to cut a specimen from coordinate paper graduated in millimetres. Apply a small amount of graphite(from an ordinary lead pencil)to the cutting knife or the edge of the die used for cutting the slit so that when the cut is made some of the graphite transfers to the paper;this serves to contrast the cut from the uncut portion of the paper and facilitates the mea-surement.Make this measurement either with a precision steel rule graduated in0.2mm(0.01in.)or better and,under magni?cation,or alternatively,by use of a go-no-go gage available from the manufacturer of the instrument.If necessary, adjust the height of the knife.
A1.7.2Do not change the specimen dimensions to adjust the tear distance.
A1.8Main Bearing Friction—Clean,oil and adjust the bearing.Raise the pendulum to its cocked position.When equipped,set the pointer against its stop.Press and hold down the pendulum stop and let the pendulum swing freely.Ensure the pendulum is free swinging and the calibration can be veri?ed.
A1.9Scale Inspection—When soiled,or calibration cannot be attained,clean the white area at the bottom of the pendulum with mild soap and water.Ensure the mirrored divisions of the scale are clean and free of any foreign matter.Ensure the black sensing strip on the pendulum is clean of?bers and not scratched.Blow off?bers and dust from the black strip using a low pressure air nozzle.When scratches are evident,touch up with?at black paint enamel.
A1.10Pendulum Stop Release—Check the pendulum or the pendulum stop release for any wear,such as a notch,when a jerky release is observed.Adjust the height of the pendulum stop until a smooth release is obtained.If a smooth release cannot be obtained by this adjustment the pendulum or the pendulum stop may require repair or replacement.If the pendulum stop height is changed,verify clamp alignment and zero position.
A1.11Zero Pointer Stop—Operate the leveled instrument several times with nothing in the clamps,the movable clamp being closed.If zero is not registered,adjust the pointer stop until the zero reading is obtained.Do not change the level to adjust the zero.
A1.12Pointer Friction—Set the pointer at the zero reading on the scale before releasing the sector,and after the
release,
ensure that the pointer is not pushed more than three scale divisions(4mm)or less than two scale divisions(2.5mm) beyond the zero.If the pointer friction does not lie between two and three divisions,remove the pointer,wipe the bearing clean, and apply a trace of clock oil to the groove of the bearing. Reassemble and check pointer friction.Recheck zero and readjust the pointer stop if necessary.
A1.13Oil and Grease—Apply a very small amount of clock oil in the groove of the bearing and sleeve assembly.Do not oil the?at surfaces of the bearing and sleeve assembly. Apply a small amount of silicone grease to the air clamp plunger rods.
A2.VERIFICATION OF PENDULUM FULL SCALE FORCE RANGE
A2.1In some cases veri?cation of the scale reading of the test instrument can be accomplished by weighing the pendulum weights following the manufacturer’s instructions.In other cases,the procedure outlined in A2.2has been used in the industry for some test apparatuses.
A2.1.1For other methods of veri?cation of the scale,refer to the manufacturer’s instructions.
A2.2Use a calibrated mass for a value of50%of the selected Elmendorf tester scale.Each capacity scale requires its own calibrated mass.For example,at800grams of the1600 gram scale.The calibrated mass shall be constructed such that the mass can be inserted in the clamps in the same manner as used for a fabric specimen.Generally the bulk of the calibrated mass faces downward.
A2.2.1Position the pendulum in its cocked position against its stop,set the digital readout,or pointer,to zero(0).
A2.2.2Depress the pendulum stop downward to its limit and hold it until the pendulum has completed its forward swing.Catch the pendulum just after the threshold of its backward swing and return it to its locked starting position. The pointer,or when equipped,the digital readout should read 00.0.In any event,do not change the level of the instrument to adjust the zero.(See Annex A1,if adjustment is required.)
A2.2.2.1For the pointer system,the pointer should not be pushed less than2.5mm nor more than4.0mm beyond zero.If zero is not registered,the pointer stop should be adjusted until the zero reading is obtained,otherwise service as directed in Annex A1.
A2.2.3With the pendulum in the raised position,open the clamp of the pendulum,slide the50%check weight,generally with the bulk of the mass downward,into position and fasten it securely in the clamp.
A2.2.4Depress the pendulum stop downward to its limit and hold it until the pendulum has completed its forward swing.Catch the pendulum just after the threshold of its backward swing and return to its locked starting position.The pointer,or when equipped,the digital readout should read506 0.5%.(See Annex A1,if adjustment is required.)
A2.2.5Remove the50%calibration mass,close the clamp, and when equipped,set the pointer to zero(0).
A2.2.6For pointer system,if zero(00.0)and50%readings are not obtained,clean and oil bearing and sleeve assembly as directed in A1.12–A1.3.
A2.2.7For digital readout systems,if zero(00.0)and50% readings are not obtained,adjust the optical sensor as directed by the manufacturer until the target values of00.0and50%are obtained.
A2.2.8If zero(0.00)and50%readings cannot be obtained, conduct maintenance described in Annex A1as appropriate until the designated readings are obtained and calibration is
veri?ed.
A3.TYPICAL FULL-SCALE RANGES FOR ELMENDORF TEAR TESTERS
See Table A3.1.
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This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.Individual reprints (single or multiple copies)of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at 610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),or service@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3a414343.html, (e-mail);or through the ASTM website (https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3a414343.html,).
TABLE A3.1Typical Pendulum Full Scale Force Ranges
N OTE 1—Heavy-duty capacity and high capacity terms are used syn-onomously in the textile industry.
Elmendorf Tear
Tester
Capacity,
gf
Capacity,cN
Useable Test Range,
gf (cN)
20to 80%
Standard capacity 200...40to 160Standard capacity 400...80to 320Standard capacity 800...160to 640Standard capacity 1600...320to 1280Standard capacity 3200...640to 2560Standard capacity 6400...1280to 5120Standard capacity ...150(30to 120)Standard capacity ...350(70to 280)Standard
capacity ...800(120to 640)20to 60%Heavy-duty capacity 6400...1280to 5120Heavy-duty capacity 12800...2560to 10240Heavy-duty capacity 25600...5120to 20480Heavy-duty capacity ...1800(360to 1080)Heavy-duty capacity ...4200(840to 2520)Heavy-duty
capacity
...
9600
(1920to
5760)
密室逃脱计划书
密室逃脱计划书 一、项目介绍 真人密室逃脱，打破了电脑游戏的局限和束缚，原汁原味的展现了密室的精髓，让玩家能过通过自己的双眼和双手，经过逻辑思考和观察力，不断的发现线索和提示，最重要的是团队的合作，能够顺利的逃脱。整个过程充满了未知性和不确定性，在紧张的场景氛围中，真正的融入到故事背景中去，这是电脑游戏所无法提供的乐趣。 真人密室也是在2011年才在国内正式起步，相较于国外已经成熟的体系，还未完全被大众所接受。2011年9月20日，第一家主营真人密室逃脱的俱乐部，在杭州正式成立。据可靠统计，全国目前已经有超过500家以上真人密室逃脱俱乐部，其中以北上广三地发展最为迅速。福州地区2013年3月左右，开始出现第一家真人密室逃脱俱乐部。我们的密室逃脱俱乐部名为八度空间，于2013年5月开始经营，属于福州地区比较早的密室商家。 二、市场分析 1.市场前景分析： 我们都是生活在平静生活中的普通人，每天重复着相同的事情，毫无生机。即便有着看电影、唱K、泡吧等种种休闲活动，但是对于追求新鲜的年轻人来说，闲暇时间还是显得越来越乏味。而要脱离这种提不起劲的困境，逐渐兴起的真人主题密室逃脱无疑会是一个最好的选择。密室逃脱实体游戏项目，既好玩刺激，又可以让每个体验者在游戏中充分调用智慧和体力，享受酐畅淋漓的畅快感觉。 据调查，福州2010年人口711万，现在福州的密室逃脱有6家（有实力），一年的订单数为22100个，票价35左右。和福州的土地面积差不多大小的洛阳和北京，与之比较，洛阳和北京的密室逃脱比福州早一年开始，2010年洛阳人口680万，现在洛阳一年的订单数为27200个，但是只有一家的密室逃脱（有实力），为寡头市场。2012年北京人口2069万，现在北京一年的订单数为49000个，票价70元，11家密室逃脱。福州与洛阳比较：店铺越多，接收客源面积越大，订单数越多。所以福州的未来市场的需求量为增幅状态。福州与北京比较：价钱越贵，订单数越少。所以福州的未来市场的需求量为增幅状态。 注：以上数据来源于美团网和中国知网，店铺收入不单单来源于网络的团购，还有其他收入，所以这只是代表部分的收入，所以当做消极悲观者的眼光来看待市场的需求量也是为增幅状态。 作为一个新兴行业，它的市场是还没有饱和的，你的质量比别家的好，有吸引力，客源量就会增加。结论：2014年起，至少一年，市场的需求量为增幅状态。 2.与传统娱乐项目对比的优势 ①体验刺激 或许过山车的尖叫只是生理上的一种释放，但是主题密室逃脱却能够从心理上让体验者感受刺激。各种精心布置的主题场景，暗含玄机的种种物品，还有与场景相配的音乐，这些都能够让体验者产生一种身临其境的感觉，从而可以更快地融入密室逃脱当中。当然，情节悬疑也是好玩的密室逃脱中一个重要影响因素。只有环环相扣的故事情节以及层层迭进的线索，才能够带动体验者更充分地享受推理和逃脱的过程。 ②高科技力挺 密室逃脱要做得好仅仅依靠故事情节和环境布置就太单薄了，高科技产品的使用也是使密室逃脱更加真实的一个诀窍。运用高科技物理机械和电子幻灯制造悬疑的场景气氛，炫酷的室内特技效果让场景显得更加逼真，而红外线、夜视仪等道具的使用也充分调动了体验者的紧张感和积极性。这些高科技的使用让密室逃脱不仅仅只是一个游戏项目，还成为一场科技产品展示的体验与经历。 ③价值无限 如果只将其当作是一个娱乐项目未免有点太低看真人密室逃脱了，因为在整个的逃脱过程当中，除了让体验者感受刺激和悬疑以外，还考验了每个体验者的智力、耐性以及良好的团队协作力。只有将团队中每个人找到的线索结合起来，才能够找到正确的出路。当然，这中间也需要有人指挥，有人配合，一旦团
小游戏----密室逃脱
活动名称：大班数学探索活动----密室逃脱 设计思路： 偶然的机会听孩子们分享自己玩游戏的经验，发现他们对比较有挑战性的游戏如密室逃脱闯关等非常感兴趣，于是，我就想：能不能用游戏这样一个载体，将数学这一学科的某些知识呈现在里面？于是，我就按照自己的理解，把生活中常见的物品分成几个层次：将游戏材料有的散点状放置，有的向不同方向有序排列，有的重叠排列等，投放到科学探索区内，观察幼儿的游戏情况。在幼儿操作材料过程中，我发现他们数数时的方法、速度、能力等都有异同，因此，我梳理了幼儿的一些数数经验，结合大班幼儿的年龄特点，生成了本次活动。 活动目标：1、在幼儿观察、比较、推理中，尝试通过操作材料，探索可以将物品数正确的方法。 2、仔细倾听同伴的想法，乐意分享观察方式。 活动准备：幼儿操作卡（每人2张）、PPT4张、笔、夹子、照片。 活动过程： 1、呈现密室，激发幼儿兴趣：了解幼儿数数的能力。 出示PPT1，谈话引出课题 1、讲解密室逃脱游戏规则。 师：今天，老师带你们玩密室逃脱，你知道这个游戏怎么玩吗？师讲解游戏规则：密室逃脱就是我们进入房间，通过数房间里各种物品的数量来推算出房门的密码，从而打开房门，逃出密室。 2、报数游戏：让幼儿数数接龙。 师：清点人数完毕，请你们摆一个最漂亮、最帅气的姿势跟老师们打个招呼，不然，待会出不来可能没有人来救你。 3、谈话：你能数到几？ 师：刚才集体报数完全正确，现在，我问问小朋友，你最多能数到几？我说一个数字，你接着往下数，往下数（）个数。（教师一方面关注幼儿数数是否正确，另一方面关注幼儿从十位数数到百位数数的能力，同时，观察其他幼儿，聆听每个幼儿的数数情况。）师：小朋友们都能数到很大的数，真了不起！但你们数数的正确性怎么样呢？老师会在游戏中检查你们的本领。 2、进入密室：探索正确数数的方法。 第一环节：来到密室一：出示PPT2 师：我们已经进入密室，现在，赶紧来找找怎打开房门的密码。（引导幼儿找到门上的密码锁，通过寻找密码打开锁从而逃出密室。）密码锁提示我们找哪些物品？ 1、幼儿完成相应操作卡，正确数出PPT上相框、靠枕、猫及红花的数量。 师：密码锁提示我们：要仔细找找密室里有几幅相框？靠枕有几个?猫有几只？红花有几朵？把你观察到的结果记录在对应的空格里，不会写数字的用圆点代替。（教师重点关注猫和红花的记录情况） 2、幼儿交流自己的观察结果。教师及时提升幼儿表达的数数要领： A、一起告诉我，相框有几幅？靠枕有几个？师总结：东西比较少，数起来很方便； B、数猫可就不简单了，请您告诉我，你数到有几只猫？你在哪里找到了第×只猫？师总结：要把东西数清楚是需要讲究方法，要从上到下、从左到右、从前到后，只要按照一定的顺序就能数清楚。（教师要重点关注幼儿的表达，如方位是否正确，语句是否完整，还要关注幼儿数猫的方法） C、这里的花特别多，你是怎么数的？你是怎么数的？黄花能不能数进去？引导幼儿说出2个2个一起数的规律。师总结：数东西的时候，不但要讲究顺序，而且要仔细看清楚题目，
密室逃脱相关 (2)
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小游戏----密室逃脱
活动名称： 大班数学探索活动----密室逃脱 设计思路： 偶然的机会听孩子们分享自己玩游戏的经验，发现他们对比较有挑战性的游戏如密室逃脱闯关等非常感兴趣，于是，我就想： 能不能用游戏这样一个载体，将数学这一学科的某些知识呈现在里面？于是，我就按照自己的理解，把生活中常见的物品分成几个层次： 将游戏材料有的散点状放置，有的向不同方向有序排列，有的重叠排列等，投放到科学探索区内，观察幼儿的游戏情况。在幼儿操作材料过程中，我发现他们数数时的方法、速度、能力等都有异同，因此，我梳理了幼儿的一些数数经验，结合大班幼儿的年龄特点，生成了本次活动。 活动目标： 1、在幼儿观察、比较、推理中，尝试通过操作材料，探索可以将物品数正确的方法。 2、仔细倾听同伴的想法，乐意分享观察方式。 活动准备： 幼儿操作卡（每人2张）、PPT4张、笔、夹子、照片。 活动过程： 1、呈现密室，激发幼儿兴趣： 了解幼儿数数的能力。 出示PPT1，谈话引出课题 1、讲解密室逃脱游戏规则。 师：
今天，老师带你们玩密室逃脱，你知道这个游戏怎么玩吗？师讲解游戏规则： 密室逃脱就是我们进入房间，通过数房间里各种物品的数量来推算出房门的密码，从而打开房门，逃出密室。 2、报数游戏： 让幼儿数数接龙。 师： 清点人数完毕，请你们摆一个最漂亮、最帅气的姿势跟老师们打个招呼，不然，待会出不来可能没有人来救你。 3、谈话： 你能数到几？ 师： 刚才集体报数完全正确，现在，我问问小朋友，你最多能数到几？我说一个数字，你接着往下数，往下数（）个数。（教师一方面关注幼儿数数是否正确，另一方面关注幼儿从十位数数到百位数数的能力，同时，观察其他幼儿，聆听每个幼儿的数数情况。）师： 小朋友们都能数到很大的数，真了不起！但你们数数的正确性怎么样呢？老师会在游戏中检查你们的本领。 2、进入密室： 探索正确数数的方法。 第一环节： 来到密室一： 出示PPT2
《密室逃脱》碧绿色房间闯关攻略详解
《密室逃脱》碧绿色房间闯关攻略详解 继博士的家之后，小编接下来要为大家介绍密室逃脱碧绿色房间闯关攻略。密室逃脱，又 叫TAKAGISM ，是一款密室闯关游戏，游戏需要玩游戏者在游戏中寻找线索，一步一步地走出 密室。《密室逃脱》游戏的玩法很简单，只需用鼠标即可。整个游戏过程都是在一间房子里进行的，游戏的主人公不知道为什么被困在这里(每集都交待了不同的原因，但这些原因都是相当的 离奇)T akagism的逃离房间系列是非常经典的解迷小游戏，自从作者推出第一个版本Crimson Room后便深受世界各地网友的喜爱，并因此掀起了一股“逃离房间热”。本文将详细介绍密室逃脱碧绿色房间如何闯关。 1、开灯，左转(点画面的左下角,右转同理)在鞋橱的鞋下边发现“若”字图片;鞋橱底发现镜框。 2、左转，在土黄色的垫子底下发现“般”字图片。 3、左转，在壁橱的最上一格中左右边分别发现“多”字图片和一束香。二格的红笔记本有锁打 不开，在最下面的小橱里发现黄影集里两张照片。 4、点地上的红毯子，发现骷髅！点击靠近，在左手手腕处发现钥匙,右手发现药瓶，点小腿处的红绳物体可以把毯子叠起，并发现脚上有密码锁(暂时不开)，点物品栏中的红毯，再点下边的“查看物体”(即"About Item")，可放大，点大图的红毯子得到十字架状物体。 百度攻略&口袋巴士提供 1
5、左转，在斜对着蓝门处，（就是那个有窟窿的蓝门，不是一开始的那个门）。点头顶的 灯罩，在灯罩上发现“罗”字图片（小红块，仔细点），在墙上发现“ 蜜”字图片（小白块）。 6、左转，在小冰箱里发现“ 波”字图片和一罐啤酒（啤酒先不要拿，因为骷髅要冰冻的）。在旁边的红桶里发现张纸，打开是些黑头发。记住：点装黑头发的纸，然后点击查看物体，放大纸，多点几下纸，然后就可以在红桶底下得到打火机。 7、用钥匙开红笔记本打开，在日记中可以找到女孩的生日，那就是开骷髅脚上的密码。(通常会是在日记的第四页，里面有一句话“The day after tomorrow is her birthday”，这一天的简单写法 就是密码。你先看你所翻到的那页日记上是几月几号，再在那个日期后加两天，就是小女孩子的 生日，那一天的简写就是密码。（如9月10日，简写就是0910，这就是密码），记下密码。继续翻日记，翻到最后得到一张CD。 8、放大装有头发的纸，点打火机，再点纸，可以烧出东西来，放大药瓶，里面有两粒药，一 张写有箴言的纸。放大绿十字，按照箴言的顺序位置和烧出来得数字相对应（形位相同），把字（ 6张图片）填在十字架状物体上（位置随机的），放对会变成个四方体，放下暂不用。 9、在壁橱的第3格，有香炉和磬（旁边红的是槌），把装有CD的CD盒放在香炉后面,把香放香炉左，罐啤放香左（要冰镇的啊，冰一两分钟就可以拿出来了，先把啤酒从冰箱拿出来，点显 百度攻略&口袋巴士提供 2
真人密室逃脱指南
现在，非常流行真人密室逃脱的游戏，让你进入密室里面，想尽一切办法逃出来。很多人不明白这个怎么玩，小编今日以自己的经验为你介绍。 方法/步骤 1首先，你在网上查一下在你所在的地方，有什么真人的密室。最好去的人比较多，年龄是不受限制的，但是尽量不要带16岁以下的，带去了没用，而且又花费了一张票钱。 2真人密室有很多主题。比如，诅咒；医院；梦游等等。还有很多电影的，比如，生化危机；电锯惊魂；盗墓，都是很火热的主题。所谓，主题，就是说密室里面的道具、背景、风格是哪种。 3选好主题之后。价格方面，其实所以密室都是差不多的价格，除非它的规模很大。价格基本在40到65一人，团购价，如果是选择在网上团购，那么要先打电话预约时间。注意：如果你明天要去，最好是提前半天打电话。这种真人游戏需要预约。 4打电话联系，会定下你们的时间，要求是提前15分钟到她们店里。如果你不选择网上团购，那么就到现场再付费，但是也是需要预约的。因为，真人密室非常受人追捧。而且，每场游戏时间都是一个小时。 5一定要提前去。去了之后，店内都有桌游可以随便玩，有饮料供应。所以也不必担心无聊。去之前最好少带随身物品，女士包包，都要少带。进去之前，工作人员会让你交出手机（有干扰），放在保险箱里。大可放心。 6进去之后，会有纸张写密室的故事背景。进去之后，一定要注意看周围的东西。一般来说，密室里面大多都是机械化的东西，像空调就不用找了，有纸张会提示你们什么东西不用去找。然后你们就要去找东西，也就是线索。手能够得到的地方都去摸一摸。 7但是这个也不是完全凭找东西就可以通关的。要靠线索去联想怎么回事。而且，如果没有用到的东西一定要把它带在身上，很多没用到的下一关就有可能用。工作人员会发给你传呼器，是给你提示用的，你们想不出来，就可以问问他。 选择加盟魔魔岛密室逃脱的5大理由 理由1：逼真代入感，如侦探小说一般，抽丝剥茧，环环相扣的逻辑，挑战你的IQ与思维。理由2：中型线索类密室最为考验玩家的逻辑推理能力，你不仅要具有当代福尔摩斯般敏锐的观察力和想象力，还要能勇敢的探索和决断。团队配合，将会是您胜出的关键！ 理由3：体验过PC密室逃脱类游戏的玩家在体会找东西和解密快感的同时，还能体会到真实场景角色扮演的快乐。 理由4：各种梦幻场景，给玩家创造一个个惊喜。让玩家体会设计者的用心。 理由5：大型主题剧情机关解谜场景相结合，完美结合所有环节，更精致，更专业。
密室逃脱相关完整版
密室逃脱相关
Q1:别人做密室逃脱 从大二时，开始接触密室逃脱游戏，到今年寒假一天能玩上三、四次，“既然大家都喜欢，干嘛不自己也开一个呢？”黄皓月介绍，决定开一个“密室逃脱”店，很偶然，也很仓促。5个爱玩密室的女孩当即一拍即合，其中有两个女生已经工作，三个在校生中，黄皓月也即将本科毕业，她还“跨界”选修了金融专业的双学位。 三月份，考察江汉路所有密室逃脱店、玩遍40多个主题，敲定店址； 四月份，店面装修，自己设计主题、自己安装机关、自己制作装置……； “五一”，新店开张，首日客流量过百，不大的客厅里，挤满了前来“尝鲜”的同龄人。 开业的前一天，女孩们都在店里通宵加班，“创业比考研费精力多了，四月份的时候，天天熬夜。”黄皓月告诉记者，开店，比想象中的复杂、琐碎。对于“学霸”的称号，她觉得那是上高中以前的事了，从高二起，一直到现在，她更愿意把自己定义为“学霸班上的玩货”。 中考前，黄皓月因成绩优秀，提前保送到当地最好的学校——新洲一中“火箭班”。然而高一的第一次月考，成绩仅排在班上十几名，随后几次月考，更是滑落到二十几名。“我已经很努力了，学习成绩就是上不去。”家长的不理解，老师的不重视，让曾经的“神童公主”的骄傲光环瞬间破碎，从台上最闪亮的“明星”，跌落成台下普通观众，巨大的落差，让她一度“放松”自己，按照自己的意愿学习、生活，成为学霸班上的“另类”。 “其实二十几名已经很好了，至少可以考上武大华科，但那个时候没有人告诉我，我以为自己真的很差。”说到这里的时候，黄皓月的眼中有一丝伤感和落寞，虽然之后成绩时常徘徊在班上倒数几名，但高考总分依然超过一本分数线，考入湖北大学生物科学专业。 高中时期的那一段心路历程，对她触动很大，并且让“学霸班上的玩货”这一身份，一直保持到现在。今年，她们班上41名同学中，有三十几个考研，“没有同学相信我会考上，别人在学习的时候，我在玩。”她笑着说，作为前学生会副主席，如果她呆在寝室里安静的看书超过一周，所有人都会奇怪她没有不出去“活动”。 5月9日，小店开张后迎来的第一个双休日，女孩子们正在努力积累经验，希望在暑假旺季到来前，将自己打造成一个“全能女孩”。“我最大的优点，就是没有拖延症。”黄皓月觉得，“把今天做好”才是最重要的，至于最终结果是输是赢，只要自己努力过就好。她笑称，对未来没有明确的计划，如果读博的话，或许会考虑出国吧。 Q2采访5专家，2业主 业主1： 我是12年4月，5月的时候接触的密室逃脱，当时在武汉的EP逃逸层第一次接触到真人密室逃脱，当时整个武汉就两家，第一次体验了他们家的密室之后，我自己动了心思。6月我在创建了X-space真人密室逃脱。7月装修完开业，总共资金消耗6W不到，所有的谜题设计都是自己想的。那个时候也没什么房型啊，格局啊，什么的，一点纸片信息，一些文字内容，一点点的氛围，就用上房东家的家具，我们开业了。每天发发传单，做做问答，一个月的，收回了全部的成本还有不少的收益。当时也动了心思，想看看其他地方的密室逃脱是怎么做的，下一步，应该怎么发展。 永远要记住一点，你的视线永远要看着前方，比你能看到的位置更远的位置，然后收回来看脚下离目标有多远，选好节点，去执行。 我们的创业路径上很强调一个词，节点。后面也会不停的提到。