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最新 中西方跨文化交际课程考试试卷答案

最新 中西方跨文化交际课程考试试卷答案
最新 中西方跨文化交际课程考试试卷答案

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重庆文理学院试卷

Part I. Decide whether the following statements are true (T)

or false (F). (20 points, 1 point each)

1. Cul tural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes. The linguistic mistakes mean that someone is not

fully expressing

his or her idea while cultural mistakes can lead to serious misu nderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals. 2. All people of the same nationality will have the same culture. 3. Ones actions are totally independent of his or her culture.

4. All cultures require and value politeness, but the ways which politeness is achieved may vary significantly.

5. Westerners can understand what Uncle policeman or PLA Uncle means.

6. We can address Jason Douglas, who is lawyer, as Lawyer Douglas.

7. Chinese hospitality toward the Westerners is always greatly appreciated. 8. The Chinese way of showing concern is usually appreciated by the Westerners. 9. “Thank you for coming !” is a typical expression used by Western hosts when the guests just arrived.

10. “I ’m sorry to have wasted your time ” or “I’m sorry to have taken up so much of your time ” are usually appropriate for the business visit. 11. Chinese people give more compliments in daily life than Americans. 12. Verbal communication is more important than nonverbal communication. 13. “Dragon ” means the same to the Westerner as “龙” to the Chinese. 14. A term in one language may not have a counterpart in another language. 15. Patterns of thought vary with culture.

16. In some cultures, eye contact should be avoided in order to show respect or obedience.

17. Western women usually like Chinese to touch their bodies or small children. 18. American negotiation team members are usually selected on the basis of their social and professional status.

19. Failure to understand humor is even common among native speakers.

课程名称: 《中西方跨文化交际》

试卷类别: B 卷 考试形式:闭卷 考试时间:120 分钟 适用层次: 本科

适用专业: 18级英语 阅卷须知:阅卷用红色墨水笔书写,小题得分写在相应小题题号前,用正分表示;大题得分登录在对应的分数框内;考试课程应集体阅卷,流水作业。

《中西方跨文化交际》B卷

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第一章跨文化语言交际概述 第一节文化、语言和交际 一、关于文化的概念 (一)文化的内涵和特性 1、关于文化的内涵 概括地讲,文化即是人们所思、所言(言语和非言语)、所为、所觉的总和。在不同的生态或自然环境下,不同的民族创造了自己特有的文化,也被自己的文化所塑造。交际即文化,文化即交际,如果没有交际,文化是难以形成的。科学的提法是:“文化是冻结了的人际交流,而交际是流动着的文化。” 2、关于文化的特性 (1)文化由人们的内稳和外显的行为组成。 (2)文化是通过符号被人们习得和传授的知识。 (3)文化是群体行为规则的集合。 (4)文化与社会是潜在现实中两种类型或两个层面上的概念。 (5)文化是历史所衍生及选择的传统观念。 (6)文化和交际具有同一性。 (7)文化是动态多变的。 (8)文化具有选择性。 (9)文化是群体或民族中心主义的意识产物。 (10)文化是个非常复杂的系统。 (二)文化定势、群体文化、亚文化 1、文化定势和群体文化 世界上大多数社会中都可能存在着若干群体或社团,这些群体或社团对地域、历史、生活方式、世界观,以及价值观等方面的共享,使其成员形成并发展和强化了自己独特的文化和与其相关的交际文化。存在两种不同类型的文化范畴:一是全民族的文化,即整体的文化形象,二是具体的个性文化,即是按个人的社会情况或个人所属文化群体为基础的文化,有的学者把这种文化称之为群体文化或副文化。 2、亚文化与亚群体 在跨文化交际研究中,对文化分类的一种较为传统的做法是把文化分成主流文化和亚文化。亚文化是指存在于某一主流文化之中的一种非主流文化,某一少数群体的文化,这一文化中的行为模式区别于主流文化的行为模式。 二、关于语言的概念 (一)语言是交际工具 1、交际媒介 言语交际是人类社会中必需的另一种交换活动,交换的是信息、思想、情感。语言就是一个符号系统,一个人脑子里贮存了符号和符号的组合规则,他就可以和别人交际,传情达意,沟通信息。 2、符号功能 符号是用某种能感知的形式来代表某种事物或现象的结合体。符号由两个要素构成:一个是形式,必须是人们可感知的途径,如听觉、视觉、嗅觉、触觉等等;另一个是意义,即这个形式所代表的事物或现象。形式和意义结合,就成了“符号”。人类语言是一种有声语言,用声音形式来表示意义,通过听觉途径来感知和理解话语。 (二)语言是思维工具 “思维”和“思想”不完全相同:思维是人们认识现实世界的过程;而思想是人们对现实世

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2009年第4期福建金融管理干部学院学报 No.4 2009 (总第111期 Journal of Fujian Institute of Financial Administrators Serial No.111 教育教学 跨文化交际中中西方价值观差异对比研究 许佳佳1,成东2 (1.福州外语外贸职业技术学院,福建福州 350007;2.福建金融职业技术学院, 福建福州 350007 摘要:中西方由于自然环境、历史条件和思维方式的哲学基础等差异使得不同的社会群落形成了不同的价值观。研究价值观在不同民族所体现出来的差异性,帮助英语学习者增强文化的差异意识,提高跨文化交际的能力。 关键词:价值观;哲学基础;语言 中图分类号:H310.42 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1009-4768(200904-0060-04 跨文化交际(intercultural communication的研究自1958年美国学者Eugene Burdick和William Lederer合编的《丑陋的美国人》(The Ugly American和次年同样是来自美国的著名学者Edward Hal 的《无声的语言》(The Silent Language分别出版后,受到学术界各大领域的广泛关注。自20世纪60年代以来,文化人类学家、社会心理学家、民族交际学家及社会语言学家,乃至哲学家都分别从各自的学科视角对跨文化交际逐步开展研究,使跨文化交际学成为一门综合多领域的人文科学。跨文化交际学以各国文化及其交际习惯为主要研究对象,而任何语言都是一定文化的反映,同时都会折射出一定的价值观念,表现出价值观念和语言文化的密切相关。在跨文化交际过程中,常常会因为两种文化的价值观取向不同或是文化休克(culture shock而引起交际活动的短路,所以熟悉中西方价值观的差异对于培养、提高跨文化交际能力具有重要的意义。 一、价值观的涵义

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