国际结算名词解释
International trade is the exchange of goods and services produced in one country for those produced in another country.
Trade terms are also called"price terms"or “delivery terms”. Incoterms are sets of uniform rules codifying the interpretation of trade terms defining the rights and obligations of the buyer and seller in international transactions.
Open account an arrangement between the buyer and seller whereby the goods are manufactured and delivered before payment is required. It provides for payme nt at some stated specific future date and without the buyer issuing any negotiable instrument evidencing his legal commitment.
Advance payment the buyer places the fund at the disposal of the seller prior to shipment of the goods or provision of services. It is expensive and contains a degree of risk.
Sales contract is a written agreement that clearly states the right and responsibilities of both parties to a transaction.
Correspondent relationship The so-called correspondent bank may be defined as “a bank having direct connection or friendly service relations with another bank. International payments and settlements are financial activities conducted among different countries in which payments are effected or funds are transferred from one country to another in order to settle accounts, debts, claims, etc.,emerged in the course of political, economic or cultural contacts among them.
Visible trade the main weight of international money transfer is importing/exporting of commodities and goods between the buyers and the sellers. Nostro account is the foreign currency account (due from account) of a major bank with the foreign banks abroad to facilitate international payments and settlements. Vostro account is an account (due to account) held by a bank on behalf of a correspondent bank. it covers foreign exchange market transactions,govermenta supported export credits,syndicated loans,international bond issues ,etc.
A negotiable instrument is a chose in action, the full and legal title to which is transferable by delivery of the instrument (possibly with the transferor’s endorsement) with the result that complete ownership of the instrument and all the property it represents passes freely from equities to the transferee, providing the latter takes the instrument in good faith and for value.
Bill of exchange it is an unconditional order in writing,addressed by one person (the drawer) to another(the drawee),signed by the person giving it,requiring the person to whom it is addressed to pay on demand ,or at a fixed or determinable future time,a sum certain in money,to or to the order of a specified person,or to bearer.
Direct bill:It is a bill on which the place of acceptance is the same one as the place of payment.
Indirect bill:It is a bill on which the place of acceptance is not the same one as the place of payment.
Inland bill/domestic bill:It is a bill drawn and payable in the same country.
Foreign bill:It is a bill drawn and payable in another country.
A crossing is in effect an instruction to the paying bank from the drawer or holder to pay the fund to a bank only. Hence, such checks will not be paid over the counter of
the paying bank and must be presented for payment by a collecting bank.
A check is an unconditional order in writing addressed by the customer(drawer) to a bank(drawee) signed by that customer authorizing the bank to pay on demand a specified sum of money to or to the order of a named person or to bearer.
A documentary bill is a bill with shipping documents attached thereto. International remittance happpens when a client asks his bank to send a sum of money to a beneficiary abroad by one of the transfer methods at his option. The beneficiary can be paid at the designated bank,which is either the reimitting bank's overseas branch or its correspondent.
The remittance means that the debtor (importer) authorizes a bank to pay the payments of goods to the creditor (exporter),the direction of the funds flowing is the same as that of the payment instruments transmitted.
Reverse remittance is also referred to as to draw a Draft(Bill) or Reverse Exchange or Negotiation by Draft.It means that the direction of the funds flowing is different to that of payment instruments transmitted.
The case of need is the representative appointed by the principal to act as case of need in the event of non-acceptance and / or non-payment, whose power should be clearly and fully stated in the collection.
Collection is an arrangement whereby the goods are shipped and a relevant bill of exchange is drawn by the seller on the buyer,and/or shipping documents are forwarded to the seller's bank which clear instructions for collection through one of its correspondent bank located in the domicile of the buyer.
Direct collection is an arrangement whereby the seller obtains his bank’s pre-numbered direct collection letter, thus enabling him to send his documents directly to his bank’s correspondent bank for collection. This kind of collection accelerates the paperwork process.
Clean collections are collections on financial instruments without being accompanied by commercial documents, such as invoice, bill of lading, insurance policy, etc. Documentary collections may be described as collections on financial instruments being accompanied by commercial documents or collections on commercial documents without being accompanied by financial instruments, that is, commercial documents without a bill of exchange.
Outward collection or payable overseas is a collection business in which a bank acting as a remitting bank sends collection items to a collecting bank to get payments from the drawees.
Inward collection or payable domestic is a collection business in which a bank acting as a collecting bank presents the collection items received from a remitting bank to the drawees,collects payments from them and remits the proceeds to the remitting bank.
Bill purchased Financing by banks for exporters under documentary collection methods takes the form of collection bill purchased. Collection bill purchased means that the remitting bank purchases the documentary bill drawn by the exporter on the importer.
Import bill advance means the collecting bank uses the documents especially the
title document as a pledge to effect payment to the exporter for the importer before the importer actually pays. It usually involves great risks for banks ,and is generally used under D/P term.
The documentary letter of credit is an undertaking issued by a bank for the account of the buyer(the applicant) or for its own account, or to pay the beneficiary the value of the draft and / or documents provided that the terms and conditions of the documentary credit are complied with.
Confirmed credit A credit that carries the commitment to pay by both the issuing bank and the advising bank.It is advising to the beneficiary with another bank’s confirmation added thereto.It constitutes a definite undertaking of the confirming bank,in addition to that of the issuing bank, provided that the stipulated documents are presented to the conditions of the documentary credit are complied with ,to pay ,to accept draft(s)or to negotiate
Silent confirmation represents an agreement between a bank and the beneficiary for that bank to “add its confirmation”to the documentary credit despite not being so authorized by the issuing bank.In this case the beneficiary and the advising bank make an independent agreement that adds the bank’s confirmation to the credit for a fee.、Sight credit A letter of credit calling for payment upon the presentation of the documents either with or without a sight draft.
Usance credit If a letter of credit specifies that drafts are to be drawn at any length of time, such as 60 days, 90 days or 180 days, after sight, it is called a time or usance credit. Under such a credit, the issuing bank engages that the drafts drawn in conformity with the terms of the credit will be duly accepted on presentation and duly honored at maturity.
Revolving credit One by which, under the terms and conditions thereof, the amount is renewed or reinstated without specific amendments to the documentary credit being required.
Export bill purchase means the negotiating bank, on the demand of the exporter, provides the in-transit financing to him using the documents presented as a collateral after shipping the contracted goods.The bank can be seen as purchasing the complying documents provided by the beneficiary and hence financing the exporter to get the necessary funds. EXport bill purchase is the most widely used short-term export financing method.
Factoring is a form of trade financing that allows sellers to sell their products to overseas buyers essentially on an open account basis.
Forfeiting is the term generally used to denote the purchase of obligation falling due at some future date,arising deliveries of goods services----mostly export transaction ---without recourse to any previous holder of the obligation.
A bank guarantee is used as an instrument for securing performance or payment especially in international business.a bank guarantee is a written promise issued by a bank at the request of its customer,undertaking to make payment to the beneficiary within the limits of a stated sum of money in the event of default by the principal.
A direct guarantee occurs when the client authorizes the bank to issue a guarantee directly to the beneficiary, as the following figure shows.
An indirect guarantee is a guarantee where a second bank is involved. This bank will be requested by the initiating bank to issue a guarantee in return for the risk of a loss which could result from the beneficiary submitting a claim under the foreign bank’s guarantee. The initiating bank must formally pledge to pay the amount claimed by the beneficiary under the guarantee upon demand by the guarantee bank.
A performance guarantee (bond)is an undertaking given by a bank (the principal) to a buyer or an employer (the beneficiary), where by the guarantor undertakes to make payment to the beneficiary within the limit of a stated sum of money in the event of default by the supplier or the contractor in due performance of the terms of a contract between the principal and the beneficiary.
Bid bond is an undertaking given by a bank at the request of a tender in favor of a party inviting tenders abroad, whereby the guarantor undertakes to make payment to the beneficiary within the limit of a stated sum of money in the event of default by the principal in the obligations resulting from the submission of tender.
The standby credit is a documentary credit or similar arrangement, however named or described, which represents an obligation to the beneficiary on the part of the issuing bank to: (1) repay money borrowed by the applicant, or advanced to or for the account of the applicant；(2) make payment on account of any indebtedness undertaken by the applicant; (3) make payment on account of any default by the applicant in the performance of an obligation.
A payment system is the means whereby cash value is transferred between a payer’s bank account and a payee’s account. It includes:
1) policies and procedures, including rules for crediting and debiting balance;
2) a medium for storing and transmitting payment information;
3) financial intermediaries for organizing information flow, carrying out value transfer instructions, and generally administering payment activities.
Difference between a promissory note and a bill of exchange
(1) A promissory note is a promise to pay, whereas a bill of exchange is an order to pay;(2) There are only two parties to a promissory note, namely the maker and the payee(or the holder in the case of a bearer note),whereas there are three parties to a bill of exchange, namely the drawer, the drawee and the payee.
(3) The maker is primarily liable on a promissory note, whereas the drawer is primarily liable, if it is a sight bill, and the acceptor becomes primarily liable, if it is a time bill.
(4) When issued, a promissory note has an original note only, whereas a bill of exchange may be either a sole bill or a bill in a set, i.e. a bill drawn with second of exchange and third of exchange in addition to the original one.
Risk Protection and Financing Under Collection Methods
1 Risks for exporter (1) Non-acceptance of merchandise(2) Non-payment of trade acceptance (3)Possession of goods(4) Exchange restrictions
measures against risks ①The exporter should always make sure that the overseas importer is of good reputation and of good financial standing;
②The exporter should take into account the economic and political conditions in the importing country;③The exporter should also pay attention to the foreign exchange regulations in the importing country;④The exporter should take precautions, such as by hedging operations or by immediate settlement of the accounts denominated in a foreign currency.
2 Risks of importer(1) Payment may have to be made prior to the arrival of the goods. No opportunity is then available to inspect the goods before making payment;
(2) By accepting a bill of exchange under the documents against acceptance collection, the importer will have another legal liability on the bill of exchange besides his liability on the sales contract;
(3) In some countries, if a bill of exchange is protested, this can ruin the reputation of a trader and may be considered an act of bankruptcy.
Comparison back-to-back documentary credit with transferred credit
(1)Commons: Both of the transferable credit and back-to-back credit are generated for the reason of a middleman involved in the international trasaction.
And some items can be modified : the unit price and the amount of credit can be reduced;the expire date, the period for presentation, or the latest shipment date or given period for shipment can be curtailed; the percentage of insurance cover may be increased; the name of applicant can be replaced by the middleman.
(2)Differences: Firstly, in back-to-back credit operation, the original credit and the back-to-back credit are two wholly independent credits with wholly independent issuing bank undertakings, while the transferred credit derives not only its existence from the original transferable credit, but also its utilization.
Secondly, under a transferable credit, the transferring bank is authorized and designated by the issuing bank, while for a back-to-back credit, the middleman can freely choose the issuing bank of the new credit.
Thirdly, the transferable credit can only be transferred once, while in case of more than one middleman involved in transaction, back-to-back credits can be issued in turn to satisfy the needs of transferring among several different middlemen.
国际结算名词解释
《国际结算》关键术语 第一章国际结算导论 国际贸易结算：以票据为基础，单据为条件，银行为中枢，结算与融资相结合的非现金结算体系。 现金结算：指在贸易中，双方直接用现金进行收付的行为。 非现金结算：指在贸易中，双方使用非现金的形式如通过银行进行结算等其他方式。 现汇结算：指贸易双方选择可自由兑换货币即国际货币进行结算的方式，可以是现金及票据或银行信用。 记账结算：也称协定贸易结算，指国家之间所签贸易协定下的商品进出口贸易结算，只用于支付对方国债务，通过银行办理记账结算，不能自由运用。 货币可兑换性：指一国货币的自由兑换程度，只要不受限制可以自由兑换其他货币则为可兑换货币，反之，则不可兑换。 国际商会：（ICC)国际民间组织，致力于协调国际贸易纠纷，并制定国际统一规则与惯例，虽非强制性公约，但被各国普遍接受。 贸易术语：（Trade Terms）是规定价格的构成及买卖双方各自的责任、费用、风险以及确定货物所有权转移时限的专门用语。 推定交货：即货物单据化，以货物单据代表货物所有权，从而只处理货运单据而不管货物。 大额资金转账系统：即大额支付系统，是国际贸易中一国资金支付清算体系的主干线，其运行将对金融市场及金融体系效率产生重大影响。 小额定时结算：即满足社会经济中资金流动额度较小而业务量大的支付
系统，一般由极强的支付能力如各国银行系统、私营清算机构经营。 FEDWIRE:联邦资金转账系统，属于美联储，即美元清算体系一员，是一个实时的、全额的、贷记的资金转账系统，包括电子薄记式政府证劵转账系统。 CHIPS:清算所同业支付系统，由纽约清算协会拥有的私营支付系统，与前者类似，是一个贷记转账、作为替代纸票据清算的电子系统。 CHAPS:交换银行自动收付系统，一种以英镑为主的清算体系。 TARGET:欧洲间实时全额自动清算系统，即是一个跨国大额支付系统。负责欧元国家间大额欧元交易的清算。 SWIFT:环球银行金融电讯协会，影响力最大的组织，其本身不包括结算和清算，只是通信网络，各国会员银行可通过此电讯系统联机，如此业务即可自动处理。 分行：本章中指商业银行在海外设立的营业机构，不具备法人资格，受总行所在地的金融法令及营业地的条例所约束，下辖支行。 代表处：商业银行在海外设立的非营业机构，不能办理银行业务，而是开展公关活动，向驻地政府及国内外客户提供总行经营方针并寻求贸易机会。 子银行：即附属银行，商业银行为扩大海外网络在不能直接设置分支机构时，采取收购外国银行部分或全部股份的方法，其还可以经营非银行业务。 控制文件：（Control Documents)为使代理业务真实、保密，代理行之间的确认文件，包括密押、印鉴样本、费率表。 密押：指银行之间事先约定，在发送电报时，由发点行在电文中加注密码，以证其真实性。 印鉴样本：是银行有权签字人的签字样式，亦是银行将单证上的签名与所留印鉴核对而鉴别真实性的手段。 洗钱：通过有组织活动来掩盖大量以贩毒、走私、贪污等非法手段获得
国际结算英文术语
国际结算英文术语
国际结算(International settlement) 贸易(Trade Settlement) 非贸易(Non-Trade Settlement) EDI（Electronic Data Intercharge）电子数据交换， 控制文件（Control Documents） 有权签字人的印鉴（Specimen Signatures） 密押（Test Key） 费率表（Terms and Condition） 货物单据化，履约证书化，( cargo documentation , guarantee certification) 权利单据（document of title） 流通转让性（Negotiability） 让与（Assignment） 转让（Transfer） 流通转让（Negotiation） 汇票的定义是：A bill of exchange is an unconditional order in writing, addressed by one person to another, signed by the person giving it, requiring the person to whom it is addressed to pay on demand or at a fixed or determinable future time a sum
payable at days/ months after stated date） ④板期付款(bills payable on a fixed future date) ⑤延期付款(bills payable at days/months after shipment/ the date of B/L) 收款人名称（payee） 同样金额期限的第二张不付款”〔pay this first bill of exchange（second of the same tenor and dated being unpaid） 需要时的受托处理人（referee in case of need）出票人（drawer） 收款人（payee） 背书人（endorser） 被背书人（endorsee） 出票(issue) （1）制成汇票并签字（to draw a draft and to sign it）； （2）将制成的汇票交付给收款人（to deliver the draft
国际结算期末考试试题
国际结算期末考试试题 一、名词解释（20分） 1．贴现： 2．头寸调拨： 3．信用证： 4．租船合约提单： 5．实质一致： 二、填空（每空一分，共16分） 1．如汇票金额为About Five Thousand Dollars，则此汇票为效汇票。 2．有权在保险单据上签字。 3．据UCP500，信用证若未注明是否可撤销，则默认其为。 4．某提单上注明“三箱坏损”这种提单是提单，一般情况下，银行对这种提单将。 5．按照汇款使用的支付工具不同，汇款可分为三种方式，其中以最为快捷，使用最为广泛。 6．在汇票的使用过程中，使汇票一切债务终止的环节是。 7．托收按交单条件不同，可分为和两种。其中就卖方风险而言，风险小些。 8．支票划线的作用在 于。 9．审单的两种工作方法是和。 10．信用证支付方式的特点为：信用证是、是、是。 三、选择题（每题只有一个正确答案，每题1.5分，共15分） 1．某公司签发一张汇票，上面注明“At 90 days after sight”，则这是一张（）。 A．即期汇票 B．远期汇票 C．跟单汇票 D．光票 2．属于汇票必要项目的是（）。 A．“付一不付二”的注明 B．付款时间 C．对价条款 D．禁止转让的文字 3．属于顺汇方法的支付方式是（）。 A．汇付 B．托收 C．信用证 D．银行保函 4．D／P·T／R意指（）。 A．付款交单 B．承兑交单 C．付款交单凭信托收据借单 D．承兑交单凭信托收据借单 5．背书人在汇票背面只有签字，不写被背书人名称，这是（） A．限定性背书B．特别背书 C．记名背书D．空白背书
6．承兑以后，汇票的主债务人是（） A．出票人 B．持票人 C．承兑人 D．保证人 7．不可撤销信用证的鲜明特点是（） A．给予受益人双重的付款承诺 B．有开证行确定的付款承诺 C．给予买方最大的灵活性 D．给予卖方以最大的安全性 8．以下关于承兑信用证的说法正确的是（） A．在该项下，受益人可自由选择议付的银行 B．承兑信用证的汇票的期限是远期的 C．其起算日是交单日 D．对受益人有追索权 9．以下关于海运提单的说法不正确的是（） A．是货物收据 B．是运输合约证据 C．是无条件支付命令 D．是物权凭证 10．开证行在审单时发现不符点，以下哪一项不是开征行所必须做的（） A．说明全部不符点 B．拒付时必须以单据为依据 C．应用书信方式通知寄单行 D．必须在7个工作日内拒付 四、不定项选择题（每题有一个或一个以上正确答案，多选、少选、错选均不给分，每题3分，共12分） 1．本票与汇票的区别在于（） A．前者是无条件支付承诺，后者则是要求他人付款 B．前者的票面当事人为两个，后者则有三个 C．前者在使用过程中需要承兑，后者则无需承兑 D．前者的主债务人不会变化，后者的主债务人因承兑而发生变化 E．前者包含着两笔交易，而后者只包含着一笔交易。 2．信用证契约中的当事人是（） A．开证行 B．申请人 C．受益人 D．通知行 E．保兑行 3．属于银行信用的国际贸易结算方式是（） A．信用证 B．托收 C．汇付 D．汇款 E．银行保函 4．审单工作中，银行将审查（） A．单据的完整性 B．单据的真伪性 C．单据的法律效力
国际结算术语汇总
International Settlements terms Chapter one Brief introduction to international trade transshipmen 转运 capacity容量，生产量 inspection检查，视察，检验，商检 arbitration仲裁，公断 inquiry质询，调查，询盘，问价 quotation价格，报价单，行情表，报价 facilitate便利，使容易 1oan facility贷款便利 domestic家庭的，国内的 domestic product国内生产的产品 consideration体谅，考虑，需要考虑的事项，报酬，因素 dimension尺寸，尺度，维(数)，体积 warehouse 仓库v．存仓 premises房屋及周围的土地，这里表示“公司或企业的所在地”amendment改善，改正，修改 update使现代化，使跟上最新的发展 reversal颠倒，逆转，反转，倒转 fulfill履行，实现，完成(计划等) fulfill ones obligation履行(职责) formality拘谨，礼节，正式手续 quay码头 procure获得，取得 to procure marine insurance 办理海上保险 to procure ship租船 breach n.违背，破坏，破裂 breach of the contract毁约 frontier国境，边疆，边境 adjoin邻接，临近，毗邻 adjoining邻接的，隔壁的，临近的 the adjoining room隔壁的房子 adjoining country邻国 furnish供应，提供， deficiency缺乏，不足 jurisdiction权限，司法权，裁判权 fluctuation波动，起伏 variation变更，变化，变异，变种 permutation置换，彻底改变，兑变 commitment委托事项，许诺，承担义务，承诺 domicile住处，法定居住地 currency／foreign exchange fluctuation汇率波动
国际结算判断名词解释简答题
判断 第二章 1、以下汇票中哪些是有效汇票，并说明理由（12356 （×）4（√））（1）We hereby request you to pay on our account to the order of A Company USD 10,000 （2）Pay USD 10,000 out of the money to be received by you from A Company （3）A bill of exchange which is not dated and which does not specify the place where it is drawn （4）Pay to ABC Company USD 5,000.00 and debit same to our No.2 account （5）Pay Peter smith USD 10,000 if the goods sent are acceptable （6）Pay Michael Jordan USD 10,000 by 5 installments 2、本票的出票人是绝对的主债务人，即使远期本票也不必办理承兑（√） 3、汇票与支票的区别在于：前者以银行为付款人，而后者的付款人不限于银行（×） 4、普通支票可以经划线而成为划线支票，一般划线支票可以经记载指定银行而成为特殊划线支票（×） 5、汇票金额大小写数字不一致时，为维护出口商的利益，应以数字大的为准（√） 6、汇票的主债务人在承兑前是付款人，在承兑后是承兑人（×） 第三章 1、在汇款业务中，汇出行往往是汇款人或进口商所在地的银行，而汇入行往往是收款人所在地银行或出口方银行（√） 2、所谓转汇行，是指接受汇出行委托，将款项转汇给汇款人的银行（×） 3、在信汇、电汇与票汇三种汇款方式中，最传统，最常用的是信汇（×） 4、在进行头寸偿付时，如果汇款双方银行均未在对方开立账户，但在同一家代理行开立有往来账户时，则汇出行应主动通过该代理行将头寸拨付汇入行账户，这种资金调拨方式称为偿付行转账（√） 5、与其他国际结算方式相比，汇款方式具有手续简便，风险大，资金负担不平衡的特点（√） 6、汇付方式是一种对买卖双方均有较大风险的结算方式（√） 7、票汇业务中使用的汇票出票人是汇出行（√） 8、在信汇、电汇、票汇中，以电汇的成本最高，信汇的成本最低（×） 9、在一般情况下，汇入行可以在未收妥汇出行拨交的头寸时，向收款人解付款项（×） 10、汇款方式由于风险大，因此适用于交易双方相互信任，或者在跨国公司的不同子公司之间使用（√） 第四章 1、托收结算业务当中，接受委托而代向付款人收款的银行称为托收行（×） 2、在托收业务当中，委托人与付款人的关系是债权债务关系，而委托人与托收行、托收行与代收行之间均为委托—代理关系（√） 3、由于在托收业务当中，银行可以向出口商和进口商提供一定的资金融通，因此托收属于银行信用（×） 4、在跟单托收情况下，托收行在接受托收申请时，应承担核收单据的责任，即应对单据的形式，完整性，真伪性承担责任（×） 5、承兑交单对出口人有利而对进口人不利（×） 6、按照URC522的规定，委托人为防止货到目的地后因买方拒付货款而导致货物无人领取、保管、可以直接将货物发给进口地的代收行（×）
国际结算 中,专业名词的英汉对照
国际结算 英译汉 第一章 1. payment in advance 预付 2. payment at time of shipment装运时付款 3. payment after shipment装运后付款 4. open account买方记账赊销 5. negotiable document议付文件 6. correspondent 代理行 7. test key密押8. booklet of authorized signatures签字样本9. schedule of terms and condition费率表 第二章 1.document of title 权利单据 2.bill of exchange 汇票 3.for value receive 对价已付 4.tenor 付款期限 5.sight bill即期汇票 6.demand bill 即期汇票 7.time bill 远期汇票 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/354949369.html,uance bill 远期汇票 9.term bill远期汇票 10.deferred payment延期付款 11.without recourse不得追索 12.indorsement背书 13.acceptance 承兑 14.presentation 提示 15.protest 拒绝证书 16.disnonour拒付，退票 17.discount 贴现 18.promissory note 本票 19.international money order国际小额本票 20.traveller’s cheque 旅行支票21.cheque 支票 22.open cheque 现金支票，敞口支票 23.crossed cheque划线支票，平行线支票24.general crossed cheque 、普通划线支票25.special crossed cheque 特别划线支票 26.accommodation bill融通汇票 27.A/S 见票即付 28.banker’s bill 银行汇票 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/354949369.html,mercial bill 商业汇票 30.banker’s acceptance bill 银行承兑汇票31.trader’s acceptance bill 商业承兑汇票 32.clean bill 光票 33.documentary bill跟单汇票 34.direct bill直接汇票 35.indrect bill 间接汇票 36.sola bill 单式汇票 37.set bill复式汇票 38.certified cheque保付支票 第三章 1.remittance汇款，顺汇 2.reverce remittance逆汇 3.outward remittance汇出汇款 4.inward remittance汇入汇款 5.telegraphic transfer电汇 6.cable confirmation电报证实书 7.mail transfer信汇 8.payment order支付委托书 9.M/T advice信汇委托书 10.draft on center中心汇票 11.banker’s demand draft银行即期汇票 12.international settlement国际结算 第四章 1.cover头寸 2.reimbursement of remittance cover拨头寸 3.collection托收 4.pricipal委托人 5.rremitting托收行 6.collecting bank代收行 7.presenting bank 提示行 8.drawer出票人 9. financial documents金融单据 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/354949369.html,mercial documents商业单据 11.consignor托运人 12.clean collection光票托收 13.documentary collection跟单托收14.documents against payment付款交单托收 15.documents against acceptance承兑交单托收 16.documentary bill for collection 跟单托收1 17.trust receipt信托收据 18.trustee被信托人
《国际结算》期末考试试卷及答案
国际结算卷一 一、名词解释（20分） 1．贴现： 2．头寸调拨： 3．信用证： 4．租船合约提单： 5．实质一致： 二、填空（每空一分，共16分） 1．如汇票金额为About Five Thousand Dollars，则此汇票为效汇票。 2．有权在保险单据上签字。 3．据UCP500，信用证若未注明是否可撤销，则默认其为。 4．某提单上注明“三箱坏损”这种提单是提单，一般情况下，银行对这种提单将。 5．按照汇款使用的支付工具不同，汇款可分为三种方式，其中以最为快捷，使用最为广泛。 6．在汇票的使用过程中，使汇票一切债务终止的环节是。 7．托收按交单条件不同，可分为和两种。其中就卖方风险而言，风险小些。 8．支票划线的作用在于。 9．审单的两种工作方法是和。 10．信用证支付方式的特点为：信用证是、、。 三、选择题（每题只有一个正确答案，每题1.5分，共15分） 1．某公司签发一张汇票，上面注明“At 90 days after sight”，则这是一张（）。 A．即期汇票 B．远期汇票 C．跟单汇票 D．光票 2．属于汇票必要项目的是（）。 A．“付一不付二”的注明 B．付款时间 C．对价条款 D．禁止转让的文字 3．属于顺汇方法的支付方式是（）。 A．汇付 B．托收 C．信用证 D．银行保函 4．D／P·T／R意指（）。 A．付款交单 B．承兑交单 C．付款交单凭信托收据借单 D．承兑交单凭信托收据借单 5．背书人在汇票背面只有签字，不写被背书人名称，这是（） A．限定性背书B．特别背书 C．记名背书D．空白背书 6．承兑以后，汇票的主债务人是（） A．出票人 B．持票人
国际结算-大题
2.提单的抬头有哪几种形式，不同的抬头对提单的流通性有怎样的影响？ 3.在票汇、托收和信用证结算方式下使用的汇票的出票人、付款人分别有什么不同？ 答：在国际贸易结算中，票汇的汇票如果是银行汇票，则出票人是买方，付款人银行；托收的汇票的出票人是卖方，付款人是买方；信用证项下的汇票的出票人信用证的受益人，付款人是开证行。 4.信用证的基本性质有哪些？ 答：①开证行负第一性付款责任，L/C是开证行付款责任。 ②L/C是一项独立文件，是开证行与受益人间存在的契约，一经开立不受合同牵制。 ③L/C是单据业务，而非货物。 5.信用证结算方式下，卖方交单议付，银行发现单据存在不符点，此时卖方可以采取哪些措施？ 答：①及时更正和修改。 ②向银行出具一份保函。 ③向开证行拍发要求接受不符点予付款的电传。 ④给托收方式。 7.托收结算方式下，进口商和出口商分别可以怎样贸易融资？ 答：出口商：①出口押汇②打包放款③贴现④出口信贷⑤出口发票融资进口商：①进口押汇②提货担保③进口垫款④信托提货 四、案例分析题
1.甲国A公司与乙国B公司就进口钢材达成合同，钢材分两批装运，结算方式为每批分别开立不可撤销即期付款信用证。第一批货物装运后，B公司即向当地银行办理了议付，并随后得到开证行的偿付。但A公司收到货物检验后发现货物品质未达到合同要求，于是要求开证行对第二批货物拒付。这一要求被开证行拒绝。 请问：开证行拒绝A公司的要求是否合理？为什么？ 答：开证行拒绝对外拒付是有道理的。因为，在信用证业务中，银行办理的依据是有关单据的情况。而不是货物的情况。在B公司所提交的单据中未能发现有不符合信用证规定的情况，则开证行必须履行自己在信用证中的承诺，向B公司付款。而且，在不可撤销信用证下，未经受益人同意，开证行不能单方面撤销已开立的信用证。鉴于上述情况，A公司只能直接依据有关的证明(包括有关的检验报告等)与B公司交涉，包括从双方协商，到调解、仲裁或司法诉讼。进一步的教训是，在国际贸易中从谈判洽商至签约前，一定要对贸易对方的资信情况有充分的了解和掌握。 2.我方以FCA贸易术语从意大利进口布料一批，双方约定最迟的装运期为4月12日，由于我方业务员疏忽，导致意大利出口商在4月15日才将货物交给我方指定的承运人。当我方收到货物后，发现部分货物有水渍，据查是因为货物交承运人前两天被大雨淋湿所致。据此，我方向意大利出口商提出索赔，但遭拒绝。 请问： （1）本案例情况下，货物风险在何时转移？ 答：4月13号之前转移至买方。 （2）我方的索赔是否有理？ 答：我方的索赔是无理的。因为本案中，我方收到货物后，所发现的部分货物的水渍，是因我方业务员的疏忽而造成的。所以，责任应由我方承担。因此，我方的索赔是无理的。
国际结算 - 重点(名词解释)
一、名词解释 国际结算:是指国际间由于政治、经济、文化、外交、军事等方面的交往或联系而发生的以货币表示的债权债务的清偿行为或资金转移行为。 国际贸易结算：以票据为基础，单据为条件，银行为中枢，结算与融资相结合的非现金结算体系。 票据：是指由出票人签发的，具有一定格式，约定债务人按期无条件支付一定金额，并经过背书可转让的书面支付凭证。（有价证券之父） 汇票：是出票人签发的，委托付款人在见票时或者在指定日期无条件支付确定的金额给收款人或者持票人的票据。 本票：出票人签发的，承诺自己在见票时无条件支付确定金额给收款人或者持票人的票据。 支票：银行存款户根据协议向银行签发的即期无条件支付命令。 背书：是指持票人在票据背面签名，并交付给受让人的行为。 顺汇：系统结算工具的流向与货款的流向是同一个方向，是由债务人主动将款项交给本国银行，委托该银行通过某种结算工具的使用将汇款汇付给国外债权人或收款人。 逆汇：系统结算工具的流向与货款的流向是反方向。是由债权人通过出具票据委托本国银行向国外债务人收取汇票金额的结算方式。 电汇（T/T）：是汇出行应汇款人的申请，代其开立以汇入行为付款人的银行即期汇票，并交换汇款人，由汇款人自寄或者自带给国外收款人，由收款人到汇入行凭票取款的汇款方式。 信汇（M/T）：是汇出行应汇款人的申请，用航空信函指示汇入行解付一定金额给收款人的汇款方式。 票汇（D/D）：是汇出行应汇款人的申请，代其开立以汇入行为付款人的银行即期汇票，并交换汇款人，由汇款人自寄或者自带给国外收款人，由收款人到汇入行凭票取款的汇款方式。 托收：是银行根据委托人的指示处理金融单据或商业单据，目的是取得承兑或付款，并在承兑或付款后交付单据的行为。包括光票托收和跟单托收两种基本形式。 光票托收：指不附带任何货运单据的票据的托收。其货运单据由卖方直接寄交卖方，汇票则委托银行托收。常见的有银行汇票、本票、支票、旅行支票和商业汇票等。 跟单托收：是随货运单据的托收，是出口商在装运货物后，将汇票（也可以不要汇票）连同货运单据交给银行，委托银行代为收款的一种结算方式。包括付款交单和承兑交单两种不同的交单形式。 付款交单（D/P）：它包含着出口方对托收行和代收行的指示。付款交单又分为即期付款交单和远期付款交单。 承兑交单（D/A）：当代收行向进口方提示跟单汇票时，只要进口方对汇票承兑确认到期付款的责任，即能拿到代表物权的货运单据。 信用证：是银行做出的有条件的付款承诺。它是开证银行根据申请人（进口商）的要求和指示做出的在满足信用证要求和提交信用证规定的单据的条件下，向第三者（受益人、出口商）开立的承诺在一定期限内支付一定金额的书面文件。（逆汇） 议付行：是根据受益人的要求和提供的单据，在核实单证相符后向受益人垫款，并向付款行或偿付行索回垫款的银行。（有时由通知行或保兑行担任） 光票信用证：是指凭不附带货运单据的汇票(即光票)付款的信用证。 跟单信用证：是指凭附带货运单据的汇票(即跟单汇票)或仅凭货运单据付款的信用证。 不可撤销信用证：即信用证一经开出并经受益人接收后，开证行必须履行其义务，除非经所有当事人同意，否则不能单方面修改的信用证。 可撤销信用证：是开证行在开出信用证后，有权随时撤销或修改而不必征求有关当事人同意的信用证。 即期付款信用证：是开证行或付款行收到符合信用证条款的汇票和单据后，立即履行付款义务的信用证。 延期付款信用证：远期付款不需要汇票的信用证，称为延期付款信用证。 承兑信用证：远期付款并需要开立汇票的信用证就是承兑信用证。 可转让信用证：是指开证行授权指定的转让行(即被授权付款、承兑或议付的银行)，在原受益人(即第一受益人)的要求下，将信用证的可执行权利(即装运货物、交单取款的权利)全部或部分转让给一个或数个第三者（即第二受益人)的信用证。 不可转让信用证：是指受益人不能将信用证的可执行权利转让给他人的信用证。 背对背信用证：指一张信用证的受益人以这张信用证为保证，要求该证得通知行或者其他银行在该证的基础上，开立一张以本地或第三国实际供货人为受益人的新证，即对背信用证。 银行保函 (L/G)或银行保证书：它是指商业银行根据申请人的要求向受益人开出的担保申请人正常履行合同义务的书面证明。它是银行有条件承担一定经济责任的契约文件。当申请人未能履行其所承诺的义务时，银行负有向受益人赔偿经济损失的责任。 单据：是单据证书的简称，是指国际贸易结算中反映货物特征及说明交易情况的一系列证明文件或商业凭证
国际结算模拟试题及答案备课讲稿
国际结算模拟试题及 答案
《国际结算》模拟试题 一、名词解释：（每题4分，共20分） 1、本票： 2、汇款： 3、沉默保兑： 4、完全背书： 5、背对信用证： 二、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分） 1、甲国向乙国提供援助款100万美元，由此引起的国际结算是（）。 Ａ．国际贸易结算Ｂ．非贸易结算 Ｃ．有形贸易结算Ｄ．无形贸易结算 2、属于顺汇方法的支付方式是（）。 A．票汇 B．托收 C．保函 D．直接托收 3、公司签发一张汇票，上面注明“At 90 days after sight”，则这是一张（）。
A．即期汇票 B．远期汇票 C．跟单汇票 D．光票 4、以下是国际贸易中经常用到的结算方式，其中哪种不属于汇款方式？（）A．押汇 B．预付货款 C．寄售 D．凭单付汇 5、收款最快，费用较高的汇款方式是（）。 A.T/T B.M/T C.D/D D.D/P 6、信用证被广泛使用到，其中有一个重要原因在于信用证对于出口商和进口商来说有资金融通的作用，以下选项不一定是信用证对于出口商的融资方式的是（）。 A．打包放款 B．汇票贴现 C．押汇 D．红条款信用证 7、审核单据，购买受益人交付的跟单信用证项下汇票，并付出对价的银行是（）。 A．开证行 B．保兑行 C．付款行 D．议付行 8、以下关于可转让信用证说法错误的是：（）。 A．可转让信用证适用于中间商贸易 B．信用证可以转让给一个或一个以上的第二受益人，而且这些第二受益人又可以转让给两个以上的受益人 C．未经过信用证授权的转让行办理，受益人自行办理的信用证转让业务视为无效 D．可转让信用证中只有一个开证行 9、以下关于承兑信用证的说法正确的是（）。 A．在该项下，受益人可自由选择议付的银行 B．承兑信用证的汇票的期限是远期的 C．其起算日是交单日 D．对受益人有追索权 10、以下不属于出口商审证的内容的是：（）。
国际结算考试名词解释
国际结算：是指为清偿国际间的债权债务关系而发生在不同国家之间的货币收付活动。 票据：出票人签发的、承诺自己或委托他人在见票时或指定日期向收款人或持票人无条件支付一定金额、可以流通转让的一种有价证券。 汇票：由出票人签发的，委托付款人在见票时或者在指定日期无条件支付确定金额给收款人或持票人的票据。本票：出票人做成的一项无条件的书面自我支付承诺。 支票：无条件的书面支付命令，是一种以银行为付款人的即期汇票。 正当持票人：取得或受让票据时是善意的，并给付对价。对价：可以支持一项简单交易之物。 出票：即票据的签发。包括两个环节：一是做成汇票，并由出票人本人或授权人签名；二是将汇票交付给收款人。背书：汇票的持有者在汇票背面加注签章并将汇票交给被背书人的行为。 承兑：远期汇票的付款人签章于汇票的正面，明确表示于到期日支付票据金额的一种票据行为。 顺汇：又称汇付，是指债务人主动将款项交给本国银行，委托该银行通过某种结算工具的使用将款项汇付给国外债权人或者收款人。 逆汇；是指债权人通过出具票据委托本国银行向国外债务人收取汇票金额的结算方式。 汇款：银行根据汇款人或客户的委托，以一定的方式，通过其国外联行或代理行，将一定金额的货币支付给国外收款人或债权人的结算方式。 托收：出口商开立金融票据或商业票据或两者兼有，委托托收行通过其联行或代理行向进口商收取货款或劳务费用的结算方式。 付款交单D/P：代收行必须在进口商付清票款后，才将商业票据包括提单交给进口商的一种提单方式。承兑交单(D/A)：代收行在付款人承兑远期汇票后，把商业单据交给付款人，于汇票到期日时由付款人付款的一种交单方式。 跟单托收：DOCUMENTAY BILL FOR COLLECTION按金融单据是否随附商业单据分为两种，一种是金融票据随商业单据的托收，另一种是商业单据不付金融单据的托收。 光票托收：CLEAN BILL FOR COLLECTION出口商仅开立汇票而不附有任何的商业单据，委托银行收取货款的一种托收方式。预付：对卖方来说是在装运货物前或在交出货运单据前收取货款。到付74：指买方先得到货物，后进行付款的汇款方式。 信用证：开证银行根据申请人的要求和指示，向受益人开立的，有一定金额的，在一定期限内凭规定的单据，在制定的地点支付（即付款、承兑或议付汇票）的书面保证。 议付：被指定银行在相符交单下，在其应获偿付的银行工作日当天或之前向受益人预付或者同意预付款项，从而购买汇票及单据的行为。 银行保函：是指银行以自身的信誉，应其客户（委托人）的要求或应其他人（指示人）的指示而开立的保证文件。 备用信用证：是一种能为受益人提供下列担保或类似安排的信用证：1、偿还债务人的借款或预支给债务人的款项2、支付由债务人所承担的负债3、对债务人不履行契约而付款。 商业单据：主要是指描述商品品质或证明其状况的单据，包括发票，包装单，其他需要 出口商、船公司出具的函抄等。 运输单据：是证明货物载运情况的单据。当出口商将货物交给承运人办理装运时，承运人签发给出口商的证明文件，表明货物已装运或已装上运输工具或已接受监管。 海运提单：由承运人或者代理人根据运输合同签发给托运人的，表明接受特定的货物或货物已装上船并将经海洋运至目的地交给收货人的收据和物权凭证。 英译汉环球银行金融电信协会SWIFT 密押TEST KEY票据Bill 收款人payee汇票A bill of exchange出票Issue本票 A promissory note 背书Endorsement支票cheque 承兑Acceptance出票人Drawer 即期汇票Sight bill or draft/demand bill or draft付款人drawee 远期汇票Time bill or draft/usance bill or draft 提示Presentation 付款交单D/P发票NVOICE密押TEST KEY承兑交单D/A信汇M/T电汇T/T 票汇D/D 海运提单（B/L）BILL OF LADING已装船提单SHIPPED B/L备运提单RECEIVED FOR SHIPMENT B/L 清洁提单CLEAN B/L不清洁提单UNCLEAN B/L不符点DISCREPANCY跟单托收DOCUMENTAY BILL FOR COLLECTION光票托收C LEAN BILL FOR COLLECTION
国际结算 英文名词翻译 按章整理
英文名词翻译 第一章 国际结算导论 international settlement 美国CHIPS 系统：纽约清算银行同业支付系统 英国CHAPS 系统: 清算所自动支付体系 布鲁塞尔SWIFT 系统： 环球银行金融电讯协会 (Critical Point for Delivery) 交货临界点 (Critical Point for Risk) 风险临界点 (Critical Point for Cost)费用临界点 《国际贸易术语解释通则》 Incoterms2000 visible trade :有(无)形贸易 (representative office) 代表处 ( agency office)代理处 （overseas sister bank /branch,subbranch ）海外分/支行 （correspondent bank ） 代理银行 （subsidiary bank ）附属银行（子银行） （affiliated banks ） 联营银行 （consortium bank ）银团银行 甲行以乙国货币在乙行设立帐户: 甲行是往帐（Nostro a/c),即我行在你行设帐（Our a/c with you ） 乙行以甲国货币在甲行设立帐户 甲行是来帐（V ostro a/c),即你行在我行设帐（Your a/c with us ） 在银行实际业务中，增加使用“贷记”（To Credit ），减少使用“借记”（To Debit ） 第二章 票据Instrument drawer 出票人 drawee/payer 付款人 payee 收款人 endorser 背书人 endorsee 被背书人 holder in due course 善意持票人 acceptor 承兑人 guarantor 保证人 bill of exchange 汇票 mandatory elements issue 出票 endorsement 背书 presentation 提示 acceptance 承兑 payment 付款 dishonor 拒付 recourse 追索 guarantee 保证 限制性抬头 restrictive order (pay E company only)(pay E company not transferable) 指示性抬头 demonstrative order (pay to the order of B company)(pay to B company or order) 持票来人抬头 payable to bearer (pay to bearer)(pay to A company or bearer) UCP600：《跟单信用证统一惯例》 URC 522 ;《托收统一规则》 URDG458：《见索即付保函统一规则》 URR 525：《跟单信用证项下银行间偿付统一规则》 URCB524：《合同保函统一规则》
国际结算英文专业术语词汇18页
国际结算专业词汇 A Acceptance The act of giving a written undertaking on the face of a usance bill of exchange to pay a stated sum on the maturity date indicated by the drawee of the bill, (usually in exchange for documents of title to goods shipped on D/A terms) - see Collections Introduction. Acceptance Credit A documentary credit which requires the beneficiary to draw a usance bill for subsequent acceptance by the issuing bank or the advising bank or any other bank as the credit stipulates - see Documentary Credits. Accommodation Bill In the context of fraud, a bill drawn without a genuine underlying commercial transaction. Accountee Another name for the applicant/opener of a documentary credit i.e. the importer = the person for whose account the transaction is made. Advice of Fate The Collecting Bank informs the Remitting Bank of non- payment/non-acceptance or (for D/A bills) of acceptance and the bill maturity date - see Handling Import Collections. Advising Act of conveying the terms and conditions of a DC to the beneficiary. The advising bank is the issuing bank agent, usually located in the beneficiary country - see Export - DC Advising.
(完整版)国际结算名词解释
1、Bill of exchange(汇票): an unconditional order in writing addressed by one person to another, signed by the drawer, requiring the drawee to pay on demand or at a fixed or determinable future time a sum certain in money to ,or to the order of ,a specified person or to bearer. 2、Sight bill（demand bill, or sight draft即期汇票）：is payable at sight, on demand, or on presentation. 3、Usance bill (time draft , or term draft 远期汇票)：is payable at a fixed or determinable future time. 4、promissory note(本票): an unconditional promise in writing made by one person to another, signed by the maker,engaging to pay,on demand or at a fixed or determinable future time, a sum certain in money to, or to the order of, a specified person or to bearer. 5、Trader’s note(商业本票): The maker is a trader, say, an individual or an enterprise. 6、Banker’s note（银行本票）：It is made by a bank, usually on demand. 7、Check(支票)：an unconditional order in writing, signed by the person giving it, requiring the drawee bank to whom it is addressed to pay on demand a sum certain in money to, or the order of a specified person or the bearer. 8、Crossed check（划线支票）: It means the check bearing two parallel lines on the face. It must be paid into a bank account and cannot be cashed over the counter. 9、Uncrossed check(open check 非划线支票)：Those bearing no crossing on the face are called uncrossed checks. 10、Certified check（保兑支票）：It is a check that is certified by the drawee bank. Once it is certified, all other obligors on the check will be discharged of the liability of payment. 11、Collection(托收)：an arrangement whereby the goods are shipped and a relevant bill of exchange is drawn by the seller on the buyer, and / or shipping documents are forwarded to the seller’s bank with clear instructions for collection through one of its correspondent bank located in the domicile of the buyer. 12、Clean collection(光票托收)：a collection on financial documents without being accompanied commercial documents such as invoices, bill of lading, insurance policy, etc. 13、Documentary collection(跟单托收)：a collection on financial instruments being accompanied by commercial documents or collection on commercial documents without being accompanied by financial documents. 14、Factoring（保理）：A factoring contract means a contract pursuant （依照）to which a supplier （供应商）may or will assign accounts receivable （应付账款）to a facto r for ledgering receivables（计应收款分类账）, collecting proceeds and / or protecting against bad debts. 15、Forfeiting（票据包买业务）：is the business of discounting medium-term and long-term promissory note or drafts without recourse related to an international trade transaction. The promissory notes or drafts are accepted by the importer and guaranteed b y an importer’s bank ensuring the holder that the importer will pay it at maturity. 16、Letter of credit（信用证）: is a letter written by a bank to the beneficiary, informing the beneficiary that the bank will pay a sum certain in money to the beneficiary if the beneficiary provides the bank with certain described documents within a prescribed time period. 17、Acceptance credit(承兑信用证)：the acceptance credit is one that indicates a bank which is called accepting bank, be it the issuing bank or another nominated bank, to accept and pay the face value of draft drawn on this bank at maturity.