文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › 高考英语阅读理解科普文

高考英语阅读理解科普文

高考英语阅读理解科普文
高考英语阅读理解科普文

2014年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解拉分题(较难题目)特训:节能

环保类

1

The Goldman Environmental Foundation recently recognized a group of individuals (个体) for their efforts to protect the environment. Each year, the American-based group honors environmental activists from six different areas.

The first three winners of the 2012 Goldman Prize are from Kenya, the Philippines and China.

The Goldman Environmental Foundation says Ikal Angelei is a hero to those who live around Lake Turkana. The Kenyan woman received the award because of her efforts to stop a dam project on a river in Ethiopia. Critics say the dam will harm the lake and restrict (限制) the flow of water for people who live nearby.

The Philippine island of Mindoro is home to those who depend on the area’s natural resources for f ood and jobs. Edwin Gariguez became concerned when a European company announced plans to mine for nickel (镍) on the island. The Roman Catholic minister said waste materials from the mining project would pollute the water and destroy the forests. So he started a campaign to stop the project.

In China, Ma June is working with businesses to clean up their pollution. He formed a group that collects information about pollution, and publishes it on the Internet.

The Goldman Prize was also awarded to activists from Argentina, Russia and the United States.

Sofia Gatica of Argentina is from a town where farmers commonly use pesticide (杀虫剂) products to protect soybean crops from insects. The town also has a high rate of cancer. Sofia Gatica belie ved that pesticide use was responsible for the death of her baby. She worked with other mothers to get government officials to ban the use of chemicals near populated areas.

Evgenia Chirikova objects to the plans to build a road through a protected forest just outside Moscow. She has demanded that Russian officials redirect th e road away from the forest. She and her followers have been arrested for their activities. However, their campaign has gained widespread public support.

The sixth winner is American Caroline Cannon—a community leader in Point Hope, Alaska. Miz Cannon is fighting to keep Arctic waters safe from oil and gas exp loration.

60. We can know from the passage that ______.

A. the dam project has been prevented

B. the first three activists are all from Asia

C. a European company is going to dig for nickel

D. Ma June is trying to stop oil and gas exploration

61. From the 7th paragraph, we can know that ______.

A. pesticide use accounts for a high-rate of cancer

B. Sofia managed to ban the use of chemicals

C. the farmers mainly live on unpolluted products

D. the death of the baby was due to delayed treatment

62. What do we know about Evgenia Chirikova

A. She plans to build a road to protect the forest.

B. She is in charge of a project far away from the road.

C. She persuaded the government to set her followers free.

D. Her environmental action has been widely acknowledged.

63. What would be the best title for the passage

A. Six Advanced Individuals for Hard Work

B. Efforts to Create a Clean and Beautiful World

C. Six Environmental Activists Win Goldman Prize

D. The Goldman Environmental Foundation Prize

2

SCS Global Services (SCS)has evaluated a new methodology for measuring the carbon sequestration(封存)ability of soil under the Verified(验证)Carbon Standard (VCS), a leading greenhouse gas (GHG)accounting system. The methodology, developed by The Earth Partners, will allow land managers who sequester GHGs in grasslands and farmlands to produce carbon credits for sale in the voluntary market.

Managers of grasslands and farmlands can increase carbon sequestration in soil by practices such as changing grazing(放牧)practices and operating treatments designed to improve the variety and productivity of plant groups. The Earth Partners is presently piloting this methodology with farmers across seven million acres of the Palouse River and Columbia Plateau regions in the Pacific Northwest.

“The VCS p rogram has achieved an important milestone in now combining grassland and rangeland carbon offset (抵消,补偿)projects," said Dr. Robert J. Hrubes, Executive Vice President of SCS."SCS looks forward to approving and verifying agricultural carbon offset projects that use this very powerful new methodology."

The VM0021 Soil Carbon Quantification Methodology is based on decades of soil carbon research and testing conducted by top soil scientists. The methodology was developed by The Earth Partners and verified by

Environmental Services, Inc. as well as SCS Global Services. It is the first soil carbon methodology to be approved for use under the VCS.

"This widely tested methodology is the first to specially deal with soils in a market," said Steven I. Apfelbaum, Chairman of Applied Ecological Services, Inc. and Director of Science with The Earth Partners. According to Apfelbaum, soils represent the second largest living sink of carbon on the planet.

68. The new methodology is assessed according to.

A. The Earth Partners

B. the Verified Carbon Standard

C. Environmental Services, Inc.

D. Applied Ecological Services, Inc.

69. Carbon sequestration in soil can be strengthened by.

A. selling carbon credits in the voluntary market

B. changing grazing practices and operating treatments

C. reducing the variety and productivity of plant groups

D. decreasing farmlands in the Pacific Northwest

70. Which of the following is true according to the passage

A. The VCS program proves to be successful in carbon offset projects.

B. Many soil Carbon Methodologies have already been approved for use.

C. The new methodology has been tested in many fields including soil.

D. Soils seem to be the largest living sink of carbon on the planet.

71. What is the attitude of SCS towards the new methodology

A. Opposed.

B. Cautious.

C. Doubtful.

D. Approving.

3

Rainforest is home to around two-thirds of all plant and animal species found on land—in addition to millions of people who depend on them for survival—our remaining ancient forests are some of the most diverse ecosystems known to science. They are also vitally important to the health of our planet, especially when it comes to regulating the climate. But ancient forests around the world are under attack.

Protecting rainforests is on the global agenda (议事日程) in a big way. Governments now recognize the importance of protecting tropical forests in order to avoid dangerous climate change, and there is now much debate. As governments try to thrash out the details of a new international agreement, expected to be signed at the end of 2009, they are discussing how best to include measures to save rainforests, and therefore address one of the major causes of climate change. Worldwide, forest destruction causes more greenhouse gas emissions (排放) each year than do all the trains, planes and cars on the planet. So if we are to deal with global warming, there is an urgent need to find ways to reduce the 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions caused by forest destruction each year, and to keep the remaining forests standing.

We need to protect the planet’s remaining forests not only to stop climate change from getting worse, but to ensure that we can stand the impacts of global warming. Healthy forests absorb and store quantities of carbon, helping to regulate temperature and generate rain. When they are destroyed, this carbon is released into the atmosphere. Thus keeping forests standing is both a critical part of regulating climate change and of adapting to a warmer world.

To date, most of the talk has focused on how to pay for reducing deforestation (滥伐森林), rather than on how to actually go about doing it. We believe governments need to support local people to protect their environment, as we have been showing for 20 years can be a very effective way of saving rainforests.

1. The best title for the passage is.

A. Rainforest and Climate Change

B. Strategies on Protecting Rainforest

C. Serious Deforestation to Rainforest

D. Present Situation of Rainforest

2. From the first paragraph we can infer that.

A. we have little rainforest left until now

B. the ancient forests are being destroyed

C. rainforest control the planet in many ways

D. Rainforest is home to all plants and animals on earth

3. The underlined part “thrash out” in the second paragraph means.

A. try to understand

B. come up with

C. hide away

D. have a thorough discussion

4. Greenhouse gas emissions caused by forest destruction.

A. are the same amount by transport on earth

B. take 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions

C. can be avoided by setting measures only

D. have nothing to do with climate change

5. From the text we can learn that healthy forest.

A. can keep us healthy and happy

B. can increase the effect from global warming

C. can be helpful in adjusting the temperature

D. can give out large amounts of carbon

4

Rivers may be a significant source of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (一氧化二氮), scientists now find.

Their calculation suggests that across the globe the waterways contribute three times the amount of nitrous oxide to the atmosphere as had been estimated by the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the United Nations scientific body charged with reviewing climate change research. They found that the amount of nitrous oxide produced in streams is related to human activities that release nitrogen (氮) into the environment, such as fertilizer use and sewage discharges.

“Human activities, including fossil fuel combustion and intensive agriculture, have increased the availability of nitrogen in the environment,” said Jake Beaulieu of the University of Notre Dame and the . Environmental Protection Agency in Cincinnati, Ohio, and lead author of the paper published this week in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

“Much of this nitrogen is transported into river and stream networks,” Beaulieu said. There, microbes (微生物) convert the nitrogen into nitrous oxide (also called laughing gas) and an inert gas called dinitrogen (二氮).

The finding is important, the researchers say, because nitrous oxide is a powerful greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and destruction of the strat osphere’s ozone layer, which protects us from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet (紫外线) radiation. Compared with carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide is 300-fold more powerful in terms of its warming potential, though carbon dioxide is a far more common greenhouse gas. Scientists estimate nitrous oxide accounts for about 6 percent of human-induced climate change.

Beaulieu and colleagues measured nitrous oxide production rates in 72 streams. When summed across the globe, the results showed rivers and streams are the source of at least 10 percent of human-caused nitrous oxide emissions to the atmosphere.

“Changes in agricultural and land-use practices that result in less nitrogen being delivered to streams would reduce nitrous oxide emissions from river networks,” Beauli eu said.

1. From the second paragraph we can learn.

A. actually rivers give off much more nitrous oxide than expected

B. scientists’ calculation is totally wrong

C. human activities release nitrous oxide in to the rivers

D. there is no nitrogen in fertilizer

2. Which of the following is NOT the source of nitrogen

A. Fertilizer use.

B. Sewage discharges.

C. Fossil fuel combustion.

D. Climate change.

3. Nitrous oxide is a powerful greenhouse gas because.

A. it can protect us from the sun’s harmfu l ultraviolet radiation

B. it is to blame for most of human-induced climate change

C. it is a far more common greenhouse gas

D. it has much more warming potential than carbon dioxide

4. What does the passage mainly tells us

A. Rivers may be a source of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide.

B. It’s human activities that release nitrogen into the environment.

C. How to reduce nitrous oxide emissions from river networks

D What to do with the climate change caused by nitrous oxide.

5

The Maldives faces the threat of extinction from rising sea levels, but the government said on Thursday it was looking to the future with plans to build homes and a golf course that float.

An increase in sea levels of just 18 to 59 centimeters would make the Maldives—a nation of tiny coral islands in the Indian Ocean—virtually uninhabitable by 2100, the UN’s climate change panel has warned.

President Mohamed Nasheed has vowed a fight for survival, and last month he signed a deal with a Dutch company to study proposals for a floating structure that could support a conference centre, homes and an 18-hole golf course.

“It is still early stages and we are awaiting a report on the practicality,” a government official who declined to be named said.

The company, Dutch Docklands, is currently building floating developments in the Netherlands and Dubai. There was no immediate comment from the firm but its website said it undertook projects that make “land from water by providing large-scale floating constructions to create similar conditio ns as on land”.

The Maldives began to work on an artificial island known as the Hulhumale near the crowded capital island of Male in 1997 and more than 30,000 people have been settled there to ease congestion. The city, which has a population of 100,000, is already protected from rising sea levels by a 30-million-dollar sea wall, and the government is considering increasingly imaginative ways to combat climate change.

Nasheed, who staged the world’s first underwater cabinet meeting in October to highlight his people’s serious and difficult situation, has even spoken of buying land elsewhere in the world to enable Maldivians to relocate if their homes are completed covered.

He has also promised to turn his nation into a model for the rest of the world by becoming “carbon neutral” by 2020. His plan involves ending fossil fuel use and powering all vehicles and buildings from “green” sources such as burning coconut husks.

1. Why do you think Mohamed Nasheed chose Dutch Docklands

A. Because it has experience in building floating structure.

B. Because it has a good fame throughout the world.

C. Because it charged much less than other companies.

D. Because it supports building floating structures in the world.

2. The Hulhumale was built with the purpose of.

A. attracting more visitors

B. making it a new capital

C. making the capital less crowded

D. fighting against climate change

3. According to the last two paragraphs, Nasheed is a person who.

A. has succeeded in buying land abroad

B. is more than well-known

C. has thought more for his nation

D. has stopped using fossil fuel

4. The underlined word “vowed” in paragraph 3 can be replaced by.

A. ended

B. promised

C. failed

D. weighed

6

PLAYA GRANDE, COSTA RICA This resort town was long known for Leatherback Sea Turtle (棱皮龟) national Park, nightly turtle beach tours and even a sea turtle museum. However, on a beach where dozens of turtles used to nest on a given night, scientists spied only 32 leatherbacks all of last year.

With leatherbacks threatened with extinction (灭绝), Playa Grande’s turtle museum was abandoned three years ago and now sits among a sea of weeds. And the beachside ticket office for turtle tours was washed away by a high tide in September. “We do not promote that as a turtle tourism destination any more because we realize there are far too few turtles to please,” said Alvaro Fonseca, a park ranger (管理员).

Even before scientists found temperatures going up over the past decade, sea turtles were threatened by beach development, drift net fishing and Costa Ricans interest in eating turtle eggs. But climate change may cause the most serious harm to an animal that has lived in the Pacific for 150 million years.

Sea turtles are sensitive to numerous effects of warming. They feed on reefs, which are dying in hotter seas. They lay eggs on beaches that are being covered by rising seas and more violent waves.

More uniquely their gender (性别) is determined, not by genes but by the egg’s temperature during development. Small rises in beach temperatures can result in ail-female populations, obviously problematic for survival. If the sand around the eggs hits 30 degrees Celsius, the gender balance shits to females: at about 32 degrees they are all female. Above 34, you get boiled eggs.

On some nesting beaches, scientists are artificially cooling nests with shade or irrigation and trying to protect broader areas of coastal property from development to ensure that turtles have a place to nest as the seas rise.

5. Why does the resort t own stop promoting it’s turtle tourism

A. It decides not to disturb the turtles’ normal life.

B. Tourists have lost interest in watching turtles.

C. There are only very few turtles now.

D. The turtle museum was destroyed by a high tide.

6. Which of the following is the major factor in the turtles endangerment

A. The locals eating habit.

B. Drift net fishing.

C. Beach development.

D. Global warming.

7. We learn from the last paragraph that scientists.

A. are doing research on the sea rise

B. are moving turtles to new homes

C. are protecting turtles’ nests

D. are getting rid of sea weeds

8. The passage intends to.

A. introduce a special kind of sea turtle

B. explain the mystery of turtles’ eggs

C. show the dangers a certain kind of turtle is facing

D. attract more visitors to a sea turtle museum

7

Sometimes, the simplest ideas are the best. For example, to absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat, black surfaces. One way to do that is to build those surfaces specially, on the roofs of buildings. But why go to all that trouble when cities are full of black surfaces already, in the form of asphalt(柏油) roads

Ten years ago, this thought came into the mind of Arian de Bondt, a Dutch engineer. He finally persuaded his boss to follow it up. The result is that their building is now heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that relies on

the surface of the road outside.

The heat-collector is a system of connected water pipes. Most of them run from one side of the street to the other, just under the asphalt road. Some, however, dive deep into the ground.

When the street surface gets hot in summer, water pumped through the pipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes. At a depth of 100 metres lies a natural aquifer(蓄水层) into which several heat exchangers(交换器) have been built. The hot water from the street runs through these exchangers, warming the ground-water, before returning to the surface through another pipe. The aquifer is thus used as a heat store.

In winter, the working system is changed slightly. Water is pumped through the he at exchangers to pick up the heat stored during summer. This water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up. After performing that task, it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice.

1. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs

A. Arian de Bondt got his idea from his boss.

B. Large, flat, black surfaces need to be built in cities.

C. The Dutch engineer’s system has been widely used.

D. Heat can also be collected from asphalt roads.

2. For what purpose are the diving pipes used

A. To absorb heat from the sun.

B. To store heat for future use.

C. To turn solar energy into heat energy.

D. To carry heat down below the surface.

3. From the last paragraph we can learn that.

A. some pipes have to be re-arranged in winter

B. the system can do more than warming up the building

C. the exchangers will pick up heat from the street surface

D. less heat may be collected in winter than in summer

4. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows

A. What we shall do if the system goes wrong.

B. What we shall do if there are no asphalt roads.

C. How the system cools the building in summer.

D. How the system collects heat in spring and autumn.

8

We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow climate change:Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or more—doing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets.

Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet—not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we don’t keep reducing emissions(排放) of carbon dioxide(CO2) and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere.

We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emissions of CO2. We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict die t. The average US household(家庭) produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common-place things like turning on air-conditioning or driving cars. That’s more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce

For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers:How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth. In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting(融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. “To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2emissions by 80 percent, “ he said.

Good advice, I thought. I’d opened our bedroom windows to let in the wind. We’d gotten so used to keeping our air-conditioning going around the clock. I’d almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. It’s time for us to change our habits if necessary.

1. Why did the author and his wife try a new diet

A. To take special kinds of food.

B. To respond to climate change.

C. To lose weight.

D. To improve their health.

2. The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to “”.

A. freezing points

B. burning points

C. melting points

D. boiling points

3. It can be inferred from the passage that.

A. it is necessary to keep the air-conditioning on all the time

B. it seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO2

C. the average US household produces about 3, 000 pounds of CO2 a month

D. the average European household produces about 1, 000 pounds of CO2 a month

4. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage

A. Saving Energy Starts at Home

B. Changing Our Habits Begins at Work

C. Changing Climate Sounds Reasonable

D. Reducing Emissions of CO2 Proves Difficult

9

The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. With 97% of the world’s w ater too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage (短缺) seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world’s agricultural industries exper ience constant water shortages.

Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution (重新分配) are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys (山谷) are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.

This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation (灌溉). In Texas, farmers’ overuse of irrgati on water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use has been poorly managed.

Saudi Arabia’s att empts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping o f huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.

1. From the first two paragraphs we learn that.

A. much of the world’s water is available for use

B. people in high rainfall countries feel lucky

C. the costs of water redistribution should be considered

D. water can be easily carried through pipes across the world

2. Which of the following is true

A. The water stores in Texas have been reduced by 75%.

B. Most industries in the world suffer from water shortages.

C. The underground water in Saudi Arabia might run out in 50 years.

D. Good management of water use resulted from the project in the Central Valley.

3. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows

A. Steps to improving water use management.

B. Ways to reduce the costs of building dams.

C. Measures to deal with worldwide water shortages.

D. Approaches to handling the pressure on water supply.

4. The text is mainly about.

A. water supply and increasing population

B. water use management and agriculture

C. water redistribution and wildlife protection

D. water shortages and environmental protection

10

Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.

Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.

This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.

Harry Morrison, chief executive (主管) of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes:“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But f rom environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”

Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions (排放). Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.

The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good wor k companies are doing. “When companies are granted (授予) the standard, they can use a logo (标识) in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.

1. What’s the main idea of the passage

A. Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.

B. Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.

C. Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.

D. Firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shop pers’ environmental awareness.

2. The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means“”.

A. affect

B. change

C. disturb

D. reject

3. According to Harry Morrison, businesses.

A. will benefit from cutting carbon emissions

B. should buy carbon allowances for shoppers

C. are required to make up for their carbon emissions

D. have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere

4. We can learn from the passage that businesses will.

A. have a strong desire to reduce costs

B. use the same logo in their marketing

C. gain advantages by taking early action

D. attract more shoppers by storing goods

参考答案

1. 60-63 CADC

2. 68-71 BBAD

3. ABDBC DDBC BCBA CCAB

DAAC

2020-2021高考英语阅读理解综合题汇编及答案解析

一、高中英语阅读理解 1.阅读理解 Gemini Man Gemini Man is a big-budget Hollywood sci-fi-action movie based on an original concept, rather than on a superhero comic or an old TV series, even though this particular original concept is more 20 years old. In it a government assassin (杀手)is being hunted down by his own clone The original script was sold by Darren Lemke to a studio in 1997, and since then almost every male A-listener has been attached as a potential star. Now, at long last, Ang Lee has directed Gemini Man, and Will Smith plays both the veteran assassin and his much younger doppelganger (分身). Jojo Rabbit During World War Two, a 10-year-old German boy (Roman Griffin David) is desperate to be a dutiful Nazi, only to discover that his mother (Scarlett Johansson) is hiding, a Jewish girl (Thomasin McKenzie) in their house. It may not sound like the stuff of a big-hearted comedy but Taika Waititi can make anything warm and funny. As well as writing and directing Jojo Rabbit, Waititi co-stars as the boy's imaginary friend,a nitwitted Adolf Hitler. Doctor Sleep Mike Flanag's new film is adapted from Stephen King, novel, Doctor Sleep, which was a sequel (续集) to The Shining. You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns. Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers m 1980 film. Now, he is a middle-aged hospital counsellor. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil Here's another chance to see Angelina Jolie. In 2014 she starred in Maleficent, Disney's live-action remake of the Sleeping Beauty cartoon from 1959. The twist was that the eponymous wicked fairy wasn't so wicked, after all, and that the real villain was the father of Princess Aurora (Elle Fanning). The sequel's subtitle promises that Maleficent will actually be evil this time around, her change of heart prompted by Aurora's engagement to handsome prince (Harris Dickinson).(1)What can we learn from this passage? A. Ewan McGregor plays a role in Doctor Sleep. B. Taika Waititi is the main character in Jojo Rabbit. C. Gemini Man is adapted from a 20-yem--old TV series. D. The real wicked character in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil is Aurora. (2)If your friend wants to see a horror movie, which one will you recommend? A. Gemini Man B. Jojo Babbit C. Doctor Sleep D. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil 【答案】(1)A (2)C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四部电影。 (1)考查细节理解。根据Doctor Sleep部分中的“Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy w ith psychic powers in 1980 film.”可知Ewan McGregor在电影Doctor Sleep扮演Danny Torrance的角色。故选A。

历年高考英语真题汇编_时态语态2.

课题 :动词的时态语态 2011年高考真题 1. Planning so far ahead _____ no sense— so many things will have changed by next year. (全国 I. A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made 2. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ______ polite. (全国卷 I A. was just being B. will just be C. had just been D. would just be 3. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _____ there. (全国卷 I A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain 4. Experiments of this kind _____in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted 5. Tom __________ in the library every night over the last three months. (北京卷 A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working 6. - Bob has gone to California. - Oh, can you tell me when he _________?(北京卷 A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leaving 7. ----That must have been a long trip. ---Yeah, it __________ us a whole week to get there. A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking 8. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _____ four days later. (上海卷 A. rescued B. was rescued C. has rescued D. had been rescued 9. Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition? (上海卷

高考英语阅读理解训练50篇

阅读理解训练50篇(1) 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC.In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1.“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A.the emotion is harmless B.the emotion is harmful C.the feeling is very strong D.the feeling is hard 2.What statement is right? A.Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B.Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C.Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D.Anger may cause you a cancer. 3.Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A.is just the same as B.is more harmful than C.is no better than D.is much better than 4.According to the author, you'd better _________. A.never be angry B.cool it down before you express it C.laugh and laugh when you get angry D.admit you are wrong when you are angry 二

2015高考英语真题分类汇编

专题一冠词、名词和主谓一致 1.【2015·湖北】21.When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall. A.balance B .chance C .memory D .place 【答案】A 【考点定位】名词词义辨析 【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。四个选项都可以跟前面的动词lose 搭配。考生应抓住题干中关键信息“had a bad fall(重重地摔了一跤)”,不禁会产生疑问:怎么会摔了一跤呢?然后根据搭配l ose one’s balance“失去平衡”锁定正确答案。 2.【2015·湖北】22.He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task. A.emotion B.talent C.identity D.treasure 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:句意:他执行一项秘密任务时,给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。A项“情绪”;B项“才能”;C项“身份”;D项“财富”。故选C项。 【考点定位】名词词义辨析 【名师点睛】考生解答本题的关键是抓住题干中的关键词“secret task(秘密任务)”和“gave himself a new name(给自己取了个新名字)”,然后推知肯定是为了“hide his identity(掩藏身份)”,从而锁定正确答案。 3.【2015·安徽】30.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know. A. thought B. support C. protection D. authority 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意:现在没必要告诉我答案,你再思考一下,之后告诉我。A思考;B支持;C保护;D 权威,当局。这里指让对方再好好想想,故选A。 【考点定位】考查名词辨析 【名师点睛】本题考查名词辨析。该种题型要求学生积累一定的词汇量,四个词的意思分别是“思考”;“支持”;“保护”和“权威”;其次,做题时需要结合句意进行综合考虑。根据第一句和“and then let me know”可知,现在不急着告诉“我”答案,由此可知是让对方再想想。 4.【2015·江苏】3 5.—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave. —I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ______ . A. requests B. excuses C. apologies D. regrets 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:句意:—Dave,去跟你的妈妈道歉。—我想这样做,但是我担心她对我的道歉不满意。A项“请求”;B项“借口”;C项“道歉”;D项“遗憾,后悔”。故选C项。 【考点定位】名词词义辨析 【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在情景交际中辨析名词词义的能力。语境较为简单,考生只要抓住上文中的关键词“say sorry to”就可以锁定正确答案。因此,考生可以试着将词汇放在日常的情景交际中进行操练,加强对词汇的语境理解,可以达到事半功倍的效果。 5.【2015·江苏】32.Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform. A. judgments B. adjustments C. comments D. achievements 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析:句意:为了与国家的足球改革相适应,一些学校必须做出调整。A项“判断,决断”;B项“调整”;C项“评价,评论”;D项“成就”。故选B项。 【考点定位】名词词义辨析 【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。四个选项都可以跟前面的动词make 搭配。因此,考生除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义,还应注意多积累可以跟同一动词搭配的名词。另外还可以利用固定搭配排除C项make本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。comments on“对……做出评价/评论”,缩小正确答案的范围。

高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)

高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1.阅读理解 Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there. In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban. Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides. Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality. For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air. (1)How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week. B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday. C. By limiting the number of new cars. D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.(2)What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A. Raised the number of public vehicles. B. Offered free bus and subway rides. C. Introduced more travel options. D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city. (3)What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A. Alternate-day rules. B. Tax rises. C. Congestion charge. D. The rainy season.(4)What's the best title for the passage? A. Mexico —an Island Plateau B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones D. How to Improve Air Quality 【答案】(1)A (2)B (3)D (4)C

最新历年全国高考英语名词试题汇总及答案

最新历年全国高考英语名词试题汇总及答案 一、单项选择名词 1._________is Virginia Woolf’s most autobiographical novel, which develops a series of thoughts rather than a plot, centering on themes like women’s role in society, death and change. A.The Garden Party B.The Green Room C.To the Lighthouse D.Daisy Miller 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意:《到灯塔去》是弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫最具自传体色彩的小说,它围绕女性在社会中的角色、死亡和变化等主题展开了一系列的思考而非情节的描写。A. The Garden Party《花园聚会》;B. The Green Room《候场室》;C. To the Lighthouse 《到灯塔去》;D. Daisy Miller《黛西·米勒》。由“Virginia Woolf”可知,Virginia Woolf是To the Lighthouse《到灯塔去》的作者。故选C项。 2.事故现场 Scenery:指某地总的自然景色或风景全貌。 Sight:既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观,多指人工的事物,又可以指名胜、风景,只是在表示后者的含义时,必须要用复数。 View:1.常指从远处或高处看到的scenery的一部分,有时可与scene互换。 2.视野=sight 3.观点跟opinion同义。 根据本句句意可知,D选项正确。 3.The broken window was the that the house had been broken into. A.evidence B.expression C.scenery D.function 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. evidence证据; B. expression表达; C. scenery风景; D. function功能。句意:弄坏的窗户是这所房子被破门而入的证据。故选A。 4.It has been proved that there is a(n) ______ between smoking and certain diseases. A.connection B.description. C.expression D.concentration 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】

高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析

高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1.阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸,拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps,back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. (1)Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. (2)Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. (3)Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.

精编高考英语阅读理解真题汇编180篇

精编高考英语阅读理解真题汇编180篇 (2014-2017) 1 (2017年北京卷) It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm, Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn‘t kn each other well — Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before. Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,―Paris‘s eye rolled back,‖ Taylor says. ―She st was an emergency.‖ It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, ―Does anyone know CPR?‖ CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person‘s chest so that blood mov through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly. Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR, scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,‖ says Taylor. 1. Two more ran to get the Taylor‘s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 91 school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris‘ heartbeat returned. ―I know I was really lucky,‖ Paris says now. ―Most people don‘t survive this. My team s Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.

新高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编(70)

2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编(70) 阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 “Experience may possibly be the best teacher,but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words,but they actually come from James March,a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. For years March(possibly the wisest philosopher of management)has studied how humans think and act,and he continues to do so in his new bookThe Ambiguities of Experience. He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning:“Experience is respected;experience is sought;experience is explained.” The problem is that learning from experience involves(涉及)serious complications(复杂化),ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book. In one interesting part of the book,for example,he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. In our efforts to make stories interesting,he argues,we lose part of the complicated truth of things. He says “The more accurately(精确地)reality is presented,the less understandable the story,and the more understandable the stor y,the less realistic it is.” Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher,March is also a poet,and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short,it is demanding:Don’t pick it up lookin g for quick,easy lessons. Rather,be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life. 1. According to the text,James March is. A. a poet who uses experience in his writing B. a teacher who teaches story writing in university C. a researcher who studies the way humans think and act D. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions 2. According to James March,experience. A. is overvalued B. is easy to explain C. should be actively sought D. should be highly respected

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档