酒肆闲聊与标准英语(中英对照)
Pub Talk and the King?s English(酒吧闲谈与标准英语) Henry Fairlie (亨利·费尔利)
1. Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities. And it is an activity only of humans. However intricate the way in which animals communicate with each other, they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation. 人类的一切活动中，闲谈是最具交际性的，也是人类特有的。而动物之间的信息交流，无论其方式何等复杂，也是称不上交际的。
2. The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one has any i dea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. The enemy of good conver sation is the person who has “something to say.” Conversation is not for making a point. Argumen t may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is not to convince. There is no winnin g in conversation. In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose. Suddenl y they see the moment for one of their best anecdotes, but in a flash the conversation has moved on and the opportunity is lost. They are ready to let it go. 闲谈的引人入胜之处就在于它没有一个事先设定好的主题。它时而迂回前进，时而奔腾起伏，时而火花四射，时而热情洋溢，话题最终会扯到什么地方去谁也拿不准。感觉“有话想说”的人是一个“完美闲谈”的最大敌人。闲谈不是为了争论，尽管争论常常是闲聊的一部分，不过其目的并不是为了说服对方。闲谈之中是不存在什么输赢胜负的。事实上，真正的闲聊高手往往是随时准备让步的。他们也许会偶然间觉得该把自己最得意的奇闻轶事选出一件插进来讲一讲，但一转眼大家已谈到别处去了，插话的机会随之丧失，它们也就听之任之了。
3. Perhaps it is because of my upbringing in English pubs that I think bar conversation has a char m of its own. Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other?s lives. They are companions, not intimates. The fact that their marriages may be on the rock, or that their love affairs have broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern. They are like the musk eteers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each ot her?s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings. 或许是从小混迹于英国小酒吧的缘故吧，我觉得酒馆里的闲聊是别有韵味的。酒馆里的朋友们对彼此的生活毫不了解，他们只是临时的伙伴，相互之间并无深交。这些人之中，也许有人的婚姻面临破裂，有人恋爱受挫，有人碰到别的什么不顺心的事儿，但这些都无关紧要。他们就像大仲马笔下的三个火枪手一样，虽然朝夕相处，却从来不过问彼此的私事，也不去打探别人内心的秘密。
4. It was on such an occasion the other evening, as the conversation moved desultorily here an
d there, from th
e most commonplace to thoughts o
f Jupiter, without any focus and with no need for one, that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a focus. I do not remember what made one of our companions say it – she clearly had not come into the b ar to say it, it was not somethin
g that was pressing on her mind – but her remark fell quite natur ally into the talk. 有一天晚上的情形正是如此。当时人们正在漫无边际地东拉西扯，从最普通的家常琐事聊得有关木星的科学趣闻。完全没有一个特定的主题。可突然间中心话题奇迹般地出现了，大伙的话题都集中到了一处。我不记得其中一个伙伴的那句话是什么情况下说出来的–不过，显然她并没有特意地准备什么，那也算不上是什么非说不可的要紧话–那只不过是随着大伙儿的话题十分自然地脱口而出的。
5. “Someone told me the other day that the phrase, …the King?s English,? was a term of criticism, that it means language which one should not properly use”“就在前几天，有人告诉我说‘标准英语’这个词是带贬义色彩的批评用语，指的是人们应该尽量避免使用的英语。”
6. The glow of the conversation burst into flames. There were affirmations and protests and deni als, and of course the promise, made in all such conversation, that we would look it up on the mo
rning. That would settle it; but conversation does not need to be settled; it could still go ignorantl y on. 此语一出，谈话氛围立即热烈起来。有人表示赞成，也有人怒斥，还有人则不以为然。最后，当然少不了像处理所有这种场合下的意见分歧一样，大家约好次日一早去查证一下。问题就这样解决了。不过，闲聊并不需要解决什么问题，大家仍旧可以糊里糊涂地继续闲扯下去。
7. It was an Australian who had given her such a definition of “the king?s English,” which produc ed some rather tart remarks about what one could expect from the descendants of convicts. We had traveled in five minutes to Australia. Of course, there would be resistance to the King?s Engli sh in such a society. There is always resistance in the lower classes to any attempt by an upper cla ss to lay down rules for “English as it should be spoken.”告诉她“标准英语”应做这种解释的原来是个澳大利亚人。知道这个后，有些人便说起刻薄话来了，说什么囚犯的后代这样说倒也不足为奇。就这样，不到5分钟，大家便扯到了澳大利亚。在那个地方，“标准英语”自然是不受欢迎的。因为下层人民总是会抵制上流社会给“规范英语”制定的条条框框。
8. Look at the language barrier between the Saxon churls and their Norman conquerors. The conv ersation had swung from Australian convicts of the 19th century to the English peasants of the 12 th century. Who was right, who was wrong, did not matter. The conversation was on wings. 想想撒克逊农民与征服他们的诺曼统治者之间的语言隔阂吧。于是闲聊的主题又从19世纪的澳大利亚囚犯转移到了12世纪的应该农民身上。谁对谁错，并没有关系。闲聊依旧热火朝天地进行着。
9. Someone took one of the best – known of examples, which is still always worth the reconside ring. When we talk of meat on our tables we use French words; when we speak of the animals fro m which the meat comes we use Anglo – Saxon words. It is a pig in its sty; it is pork (porc) on the t able. They are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef (boeuf). Chickens become poultry (poul et), and a calf becomes veal (veau ). Even if our menus were not written in French out of snobber y, the English we used in them would still be Norman English. What all this tells us is of a deep cla ss rift in the culture of English after the Norman Conquest. 有人举了一个众所周知但仍值得深思的例子。在谈到饭桌上的肉食时我们用法语词，而谈到提供这些肉食的牲畜是则用盎格鲁-撒克逊词。猪圈里的活猪叫pig，饭桌上吃的猪肉便成了pork（来自法语pore）；地里放养的牛叫cattle，而桌上吃的牛肉则叫beef（来自法语boeuf）；小鸡叫chicken，用作肉食则变成poultry（来自法语poulet）；calf（小牛）加工成肉则变成veal（来自法语vcau）。即便我们的菜单没有为了装洋耍派头而写成法语，我们所用的英语仍然是诺曼式的英语。这一切向我们昭示了被诺曼人征服之后的英国文化上所存在的深刻的阶级裂痕。
10. The Saxon peasants who tilled the land and reared the animals could not afford the meat, w hich went to Norman tables. The peasants were allowed to eat the rabbits that scampered over t heir field and, since that meat was cheap, the Norman lords of course turned up their noses at it. So rabbit is still rabbit on our tables, and not changed into some rendering of lapin. 撒克逊农民种地养殖牲畜，自己出产的肉自己却吃不上，全部送到了诺曼人的餐桌上。农民们只能吃在地里乱窜的兔子。因为兔子的肉便宜，诺曼贵族自然不屑去吃它。因此，活兔子和兔子肉共用rabbit这个词表示，而没有换成由法语lapin转化而来的某个词。
11. As we listen today to the arguments about bilingual education, we ought to think ourselves b ack into the shoes of the Saxon peasant. The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against h im by building their French against his own language. There must have been a great deal of cultur al humiliation felt by the English when they revolted under Saxon leaders like Hereward the Wake . “The king?s English”-if the term had existed then-had become French. And here in America now
, 900 years later, we are still the heirs to it. 如今，当我们听着有关双语教育问题的争论时，我们应该设身处地替当时的撒克逊农民想一想，新的统治阶级用法语来对抗撒克逊农民自己的语言，从而在农民周围筑起一道文化壁垒。当英国人在像觉醒者赫里沃德这样的撒克逊领袖领导下起来造反时，他们一定深深地感受到了文化上的屈辱。“标准英语”-如果那时候有这个名词的话-已经变成法语了。而九百年后我们在美国这个地方仍然继承了这种影响。
12. So the next morning, the conversation over, one looked it up. The phrase came into use som
e time in the 16th century. “Queen?s English” is found in Nashe?s “Stra nge News o
f the Intercept in
g of Certain Letters” in 1593, and in 1602, Dekker wrote of someone, “thou clipst the King?s En glish.” Is the phrase in Shakespeare? That would be the confirmation that it was in general use. H e uses it once, when Mistress Quickly in “The Merry Wives of Windsor” says of her master comin g home in a rage, “…here will be an old abusing of God?s patience and the King?s English,” and it rings true. 那晚闲聊过后的第二天一大早便有人去查阅了资料。这个名词在16世纪已有人使用过了。纳什作于1593年的《截获信函奇闻》中就有过“标准英语”（Queen?s English）的提法。1602年德克写到某人时有句话说：“你把‘标准英语’（King?s English）简化了”。莎士比亚作品中是否也出现过这一提法呢？如出现过，那就证明这个词在当时既已通用。他用过一次，在《温莎的风流娘们》中，女仆Quickly在讲到她家老爷回来后将会有的盛怒情形时说，“……少不了一通臭骂，骂得昏天暗地，“标准英语”不知要给他糟蹋成个什么样子啦。”后来的事实果然被她说中了。
13. One could have expected that it would be about then that the phrase would be coined. After five centuries of growth, of tussling with the French of the Normans and the Angevins and the Pl antagenets and at last absorbing it, the conquered in the end conquering the conqueror, English had come royally into its own. 我们有理由认为这个词就是那个时候产生的。经过前后五百年的发展和与诺曼人、安茹王朝及金雀花王朝的法语的竞争，英语最终同化了法语。被统治者成了统治着，英语取得了国语的地位。
14. There was a King?s (or Queen?s)English to be proud of. The Elizabethans blew on it as on a d andelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth. “The King?s English ” was no longer a form of what would now be regarded as racial discrimination. 这样便有了一种英国人值得引以为傲的“标准英语”。伊丽莎白时代的人没费吹灰之力便使其影响日盛，遍及全球。“标准英语”再也不带有今天所谓的种族歧视的性质了。
15. Yet there had been something in the remark of the Australian. The phrase has always been u sed a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes. One feels that even Mistress Qu ickly-a servant-is saying that Dr.Caius-her master-will lose his control and speak with the vigor of ordinary folk. If the King?s English is “English as it should be spoken,” the claim is often mocked b y the underlings, when they say with a jeer “English as it should be spoke.” The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there. 不过，那个澳大利亚人的解释也有一定道理。下层阶级在使用这一名词时总带着一点轻蔑、讥讽的味道。我们会发现，就连Quickly这样一个婢女也会说她的主子凯厄斯大夫管不住自己的舌头，而讲起平民百姓们所讲的那种粗话。如果说“标准英语”就是所谓“规范英语”，这种看法常常会受到下层人民的嘲笑讥讽，他们有时故意开玩笑地把它称做“规反英语”。下层人民对于文华上的专制还是颇有抵制心理的。
16. There is always s great danger, as Carlyle put it, that “words will harden into things for us.” W ords are not themselves a reality, but only representations of it, and the King?s English, like the A nglo-French of the Normans, is a class representation of reality. Perhaps it is worth trying to spea k it, but it should not be laid down as an edict, and made immune to change from below. 正如卡莱尔所说，“对我们来说，词语会变成具体的事物”是一种始终存在的危险。词语本身并
不是现实，它不过是现实的一种反应形式而已。标准英语和诺曼人的盎格鲁法语的性质一样，也只是一个阶段用来表达现实的一种形式。让人们学着去讲也许不错，但既不应该把它作为法令，也不应该使它完全不接受来自下层的改变。
17. I have an unending love affair with dictionaries-Auden once said that all a writer needs is a p en, plenty of paper and “the best dictionaries he can afford”-but I agree with the person who said that dictionaries are instruments of common sense. The King?s English is a model-a rich and instr uctive one-but it ought not to be an ultimatum. 我一向对词典有着始终不渝的酷爱-奥登曾经说过，一支笔、够用的纸张“他所能弄到的最好的词典”就是一个作家的全部所需-但其实上我更赞同另一种说法，即把词典看成是一种常识工具。标准英语是一种范本-一种丰富而又指导作用的范本-但并不是一种绝对的权威。
18. So we may return to my beginning. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the K ing?s English slips and slides in conversation. There is no worse conversation than the one who p unctuates his words as he speaks as if he were writing, or even who tries to use words as if he we re composing a piece of prose for print. When E. M. Forster writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,” we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image. But if E. M. Forster sat in our living room and said, “We are all following each other down the sinister corrid or of our age,” we would be justified in asking him to leave. 由此我们可以回到我先前的话题上。即便是那些学问再高、文学修养再好的人，他们所讲的标准英语在闲聊中也常常会离谱走调。要是有谁闲聊时也像做文章一样句逗分明，或像写一篇要发表的散文般咬文嚼字的话，那他说的话就一定极为倒人胃口。看到 E.M.福斯特笔下写出“如今这个时代阴森恐怖的长廊”时，我们可以深刻体会到语言的生动、比喻的张力。但假若福斯特坐在我们的会客室里说“我们大家正一个接一个地步入这个时代阴森恐怖的长廊”时，我们肯定会让他离开。
19. Great authors are constantly being asked by foolish people to talk as they write. Other peopl
e may celebrate the lofty conversations in which the great minds are supposed to have indulged i n the great salons o
f 18th century Paris, but one suspects that the great minds were gossipin
g an d judging the quality of the food and the wine. Henault, then the great president of the First Cha mber of the Paris Parlement, complained bitterly of the “terrible sauces” at the salons of Mme. D effand, and went on to observe that the only difference between her cook and the supreme chef, Brinvilliers, lay in their intentions. 常常会有一些愚人要求大文豪们在交谈时也像写文章一样字字珠玑，也有人对18世纪巴黎的文艺沙龙里那些文人雅士的高谈阔论极表称羡。可是，说不定那些文人雅士们在那里也只不过是闲谈，谈论酒食的好坏哩。当时的巴黎大法院第一厅厅长亨奥尔特在德芳侯爵夫人家的沙龙作客时就曾大叫到“调料糟糕透了”，接着还大发议论说侯爵夫人家的厨子和总厨师长布兰维利耶之间的唯一差别不过就是用心不一而已。20. The one place not to have dictionaries is in a sitting room or at a dining table. Look the thing up the next morning, but not in the middle of the conversation. Otherwise one will bind the conv ersation; one will not let it flow freely here and there. There would have been no conversation t
h e other evening if we had been able to settle at once the meaning of “the King?s English.” We w ould never have gong to Australia, or leaped back in time to the Norman Conquest. 会客室和餐桌上是无须摆放词典的。闲聊过程中遇到弄不明白而需要查实的问题可留待第二天在说，不要话说到一半却一边查起字典来了。否则，谈话变会受到妨碍，不能如流水般无拘无束地进行了。那晚，如果我们当场弄清了“标准英语”的意义，也就不可能再有那场交谈辩论，我们也就不可能一会儿跳到澳大利亚去，一会儿又扯回到诺曼征服时代了。
21. And there would have been nothing to think about the next morning. Perhaps above all, one would not have been engaged by interest in the musketeer who raised the subject, wondering m
ore about her. The bother about teaching chimpanzees how to talk is that they will probably try t o talk sense and so ruin all conversation.
（from The Washington Post, May 6, 1979）
而且，我们也就没有什么可以留到第二天去思考了。尤为重要的是，如果那个问题能做当场解决的话，人们就不会对于那位引出话题的“火枪手”发生兴趣了，也不会想多了解她的情况了。教黑猩猩说话之所以很困难，原因就在于它们往往可能尽是想着要讲出正经八百的话来，因而会使对话失去意趣。
摘自1979年5月6日《华盛顿邮报》
《幼儿英语教学法》课程标准
《幼儿英语教学法》课程标准 课程名称 《幼儿英语教学法》 适用专业 中等职业学校学前教育专业 1、前言 英语教育是一门科学，反映着一定的科学规律。幼儿英语教育则是一门研究幼儿英语教育理论和教育实践，探讨幼儿英语教育规律的学科，具体包括研究幼儿英语教育的指导思想，教育目标和要求，教育内容，教育方法和原则及教育评价等一整套英语教育规律的体系。幼儿英语教育是一门综合性很强的学科，与幼儿教育学，语言学，心理学等学科有着紧密的联系。总体而言，幼儿英语教育既有英语学科本身的性质，又必须遵循幼儿的生理和心理特点。 1.1 课程性质 本课程是学前教育专业学生必修的专业基础课，通过本课程的学习，使学生了解并掌握幼儿英语教师的基本素质，理解幼儿学习语言的心理特点，掌握幼儿英语的教学模式、目的、教学方法和幼儿英语游戏的理论。作为一门特色新兴课程，目的是使学生理解并掌握有关幼儿英语教学的理论知识和操作技能技巧，为以后的工作打下坚实的专业技能基础。 1.2 设计思路 本课程的标准以就业为导向，以我国幼教领域多年的丰富教学经验为依据确定本课程的工作任务和课程内容。教学理论与实践相结合。本课程以任务引领型为课程框架，将课程按递进方式设计成项目，并以项目为单元组织教学，使学生由浅入深，
从点到面全面掌握幼儿英语教学的技能，满足学生就业和职业发展的需要。 2、课程目标 通过任务引领和项目活动形式，能掌握听、说、读、写技能;掌握基本的语法项目;掌握幼儿英语游戏理论，理解并掌握幼儿英语教学模式，掌握幼儿英语具体教学方法；掌握幼儿英语游戏设计原则和常见的游戏方式；掌握进行幼儿听说训练的方法。能基本胜任幼儿英语教师的工作。并培养学生热爱幼教工作，有责任感，善于沟通和合作的品质，为提高职业能力奠定良好的基础。 职业能力目标： 1、熟练掌握运用英语的基本知识。 2、能够独立设计幼儿英语教案并进行幼儿英语模拟教学。 3、能够独立设计幼儿英语游戏。 4、能够制作常用教具，并熟练使用。
100条常用英语谚语大全.doc
100条常用英语谚语大全 我们的英语谚语简单精妙，十分值得我们学生去记诵，以下是我搜集整理的100条常用英语谚语大全，欢迎阅读。 100条常用英语谚语大全一 1. Time flies.时光易逝。 2. Time is money.一寸光阴一寸金。 3. Time and tide wait for no man.岁月无情;岁月易逝;岁月不待人。 4. Time tries all.时间检验一切。 5. Time tries truth.时间检验真理。 6. Time past cannot be called back again.光阴一去不复返。 7. All time is no time when it is past.光阴一去不复返。 8. No one can call back yesterday; Yesterday will not be called again.昨日不复来。 9. Tomorrow comes never.切莫依赖明天。 10. One today is worth two tomorrows.一个今天胜似两个明天。 11. The morning sun never lasts a day.好景不常;朝阳不能光照全日。 . Christmas comes but once a year.圣诞一年只一度。
13. Pleasant hours fly past.快乐时光去如飞。 14. Happiness takes no account of time.欢娱不惜时光逝。 15. Time tames the strongest grief.时间能缓和极度的悲痛。 16. The day is short but the work is much.工作多，光阴迫。 17. Never deter till tomorrow that which you can do today.今日事须今日毕，切勿拖延到明天。 18. Have you somewhat to do tomorrow, do it today.明天如有事，今天就去做。 19. To him that does everything in its proper time, one day is worth three.事事及时做，一日胜三日。 20. To save time is to lengthen life.节省时间就是延长生命。 21. Everything has its time and that time must be watched.万物皆有时，时来不可失。 22. Take time when time cometh, lest time steal away.时来必须要趁时，不然时去无声息。 23. When an opportunity is neglected, it never comes back toyou.机不可失，时不再来;机会一过，永不再来。 24. Make hay while the sun shines.晒草要趁太阳好。 25. Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。
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14、Be always as merry as ever you can, for no-one delights in a sorrowful man务请心情常欢畅，只因无人喜忧伤。 15、Be considerate towards the poor要为穷人著想。 16、Be honest rather clever诚实比聪明更要紧。 17、Be just to all, but trust not all要公正对待所有的人，但不要轻信所有的人。 18、Be prepared to put one's hand in one's pocket准备慷慨解囊。 19、Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing选择朋友要审慎，摒弃更要审又慎。 20、Be slow to promise and quick to perform不轻诺，诺必果。 21、Be swift to hear, slow to speak听宜敏捷，言宜缓行。 22、Beauty is but a blossom美丽只是盛开的花朵。 23、Beauty is but skin-deep红颜易变。 24、Beauty is in the eye of the beholder情人眼里出西施。 25、Beauty is in the eye of the gazer情人眼里出西施。 26、Beauty is potent; but money is omnipotent美丽是有力量的，但金钱更有权威。 27、Beauty is truth, truth beauty美就是真，真就是美。 28、Beauty lies in lover's eyes情人眼里出西施。 2 / 8
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会计专业英语期末考试练习卷(new)
会计专业英语期末考试练习卷(new)
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英语谚语大全【简单的】
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《财会专业英语》期终试卷 I.Put the following into corresponding groups. (15 points) 1.Cash on hand 2.Notes receivable 3.Advances to suppliers 4. Other receivables 5.Short-term loans 6.Intangible assets 7.Cost of production 8.Current year profit 9. Capital reserve 10.Long-term loans 11.Other payables 12. Con-operating expenses 13.Financial expenses 14.Cost of sale 15. Accrued payroll II.Please find the best answers to the following questions. (25 Points) 1. Aftin Co. performs services on account when Aftin collects the account receivable A.assets increase B.assets do not change C.owner’s equity d ecreases D.liabilities decrease 2. A balance sheet report . A. the assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity on a particular date B. the change in the owner’s capital during the period C. the cash receipt and cash payment during the period D. the difference between revenues and expenses during the period 3. The following information about the assets and liabilities at the end of 20 x 1 and 20 x 2 is given below: 20 x 1 20 x 2 Assets $ 75,000 $ 90,000 Liabilities 36,000 45,000 how much the owner’sequity at the end of 20 x 2 ? A.$ 4,500 B.$ 6,000 C.$ 45,000 D.$ 43,000
小学英语新课程标准课程目标
基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是培养学生的综合语言运用能力。综合语言运用能力的形成建立在学生语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等素养整体发展的基础上。语言知识和语言技能是综合语言运用能力的基础，文化意识是得体运用语言的保证。情感态度是影响学生学习和发展的重要因素，学习策略是提高学习效率、发展自主学习能力的保证。这五个方面共同促进综合语言运用能力的形成。 综合语言运用能力： 情感态度：动机兴趣，自信意志，合作精神，祖国意识，国际视野。 学习策略：谁知策略，调控策略，交际策略，资源策略。 语言技能：听说读写。 语言知识：语音，词汇，语法，动能，话题。 文化意识：文化知识，文化理解，跨文化交际，意识和能力。 基础教育阶段英语课程目标的各个级别均以学生语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识五个方面的综合行为表现为基础进行总体描述。以下是本课程一级至九级应达到的综合语言运用能力目标。 一级：对英语有好奇心，喜欢听他人说英语。能根据教师的简单指令做游戏、做动作、做事情（如涂颜色、连线）。能做简单的角色扮演。能唱简单的英文歌曲，说简单的英语歌谣。能在图片的帮助下听懂和读懂简单的小故事。能交流简单的个人信息，表达简单的情感和感觉。能书写字母和单词。对英语学习中接触的外国文化习俗感兴趣。
二级：对英语学习有持续的兴趣和爱好。能用简单的英语互致问候、交换有关个人、家庭和朋友的简单信息。能根据所学内容表演小对话或歌谣。能在图片的帮助下听懂、读懂并讲述简单的故事。能根据图片或提示写简单的句子。在学习中乐于参与、积极合作、主动请教。乐于了解异国文化、习俗。 三级：对英语学习表现出积极性和初步的自信心。能听懂有关熟悉话题的语段和简短的故事。能与教师或同学就熟悉的话题（如学校、家庭生活）交换信息。能读懂小故事及其他文体的简单书面材料。能参照范例或借助图片写出简单的句子。能参与简单的角色扮演等活动。能尝试使用适当的学习方法，克服学习中的困难。能意识到语言交际中存在文化差异。 四级：明确自己的学习需要和目标，对英语学习表现出较强的自信心。能在所设日常交际情景中听懂对话和小故事。能就熟悉的生活话题交流信息和简单的意见。能读懂短篇故事。能写便条和简单的书信。能尝试使用不同的教育资源，从口头和书面材料中提取信息，扩展知识，解决简单的问题并描述结果。能在学习中相互学习帮助，克服困难。能合理计划和安排学习任务，积极探索适合自己的学习方法。在学习和日常交际中能注意到中外文化的差异。 五级：有较明确的英语学习动机和积极主动的学习态度。能听懂教师有关熟悉话题的陈述并参与讨论。能就日常生活的各种话题与他人交换信息并陈述自己的意见。能读懂供7~9年级学习阅读的简单读物和报刊、杂志，克服生词障碍，理解大意。能根据阅读目的运用适当的阅读策略。能根据提示起草和修改小作文。能与他人合作，解决问题并报告结果，共同完成学习任务。能对自己的学习进行评价，总结学习方法。能利用多种教育资源进行学习。进一步增强以文化差异的理解与认识。
常用英语谚语
常用英语谚语 ◆Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜于语言。 ◆Don’t judge a man’s actions at first sight; give them a second look. 乍看难评人，再看认得清。 ◆Art is long, life is short. 人生短暂，技艺无涯。 ◆Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. 情人眼里出西施。 ◆Life isn’t a bed of roses. 人生不是开满玫瑰的温床，不会事事称心如意。 ◆You have made your bed and you must lie on it. 事情是你犯下的，后果必须由你来承担。 ◆A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 一鸟在手胜于两鸟在林。 ◆Birds of the same feather flock together. 羽毛相同的鸟会结群在一起。（人与类聚，物与群分） ◆The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟有虫吃。 ◆Kill two birds with one stone. One stone kills two birds. 用一个石头打死两只鸟。（一石二鸟，一箭双雕） ◆It’s the mind that ennobles, not the blood. 使人崇高的是心灵而不是血统。 ◆Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水；近客不如远亲。 ◆Blood will have blood. 血债要用血来还；杀人者偿命。
(完整word版)常用英语谚语大全
常用英语谚语大全 1. A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 开头不好，结尾必糟。 2. A bad custom is like a good cake, better broken than kept. 蛋糕莫保留，坏习气要除掉。 3. A bad workman always blames his tools. 劣工咎器。 4. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 两鸟在林，不如一鸟在手。 5. A body without knowledge is like a house without a foundation. 人无知犹如房屋无基。 6. A book is like a garden carried in the pocket. 书是随时携带的花园。 7. A candle lights others and consumes itself. 蜡烛照亮了别人，燃尽了自己。 8. A door must be either shut or open. 门不关就得开，二者必居其一。/ 非此即彼。 9. A friend is a second self. 朋友是第二个自我。 10. A good beginning makes a good ending. 欲善其终, 必先善其始。 11. A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行。 12. A lazy youth, a lousy age. 少年懒惰，老来贫苦。 13. A life without a friend is a life without a sun. 人生没有朋友，犹如生活没有阳光。 14. A little help is worth a deal of pity. 一次行动胜过一筐空话。 15. A little is better than none. 有一点总比没有好。 16. A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解，害已误人。 17. A little labour, much health. 常常走动，无病无痛。 18. A little learning is a dangerous thing. 浅学寡识是件危险的事。 19. A little of everything, and nothing at all. 样样皆通，样样稀松。 20. A man is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。 21. A merry heart goes all the way. 心情愉快，办事痛快。
考研会计专业英语试题
考研会计专业英语试题 1.Give a brief explanation for the following terms(10%） (1)Journal entry (2)Going concern (3)Matching principle (4)Working capital (5)Revenue expenditure 2.Please read the following passage carefully and fill in each of the 11 blanks with a word most appropriate to the content (10%） (1)The double-entry system of accounting takes its name from the fact that every business transaction is recorded by (____)types of entries： 1： (_____)entries to one or more accounts and 2credit entries to one or more accounts. In recording any transaction,the total dollar amount of the (______)entries must (_____)the total dollar amount of credit entries. (2)Often a transaction affects revenues or expenses of two or more different periods,in these cases，an (_____)entries are needed to (_____)to each period the appropriate amounts of revenues and expenses. These entries are performed at the (_____)of each accounting period but (_____)to preparing the financial statements. (3)Marketable securities are highly (_____)investments,primarily in share stocks and bounds，(____)can be sold (_____)quoted market prices in organized securities exchanges. 3.Translate the following Chinese statements into English (18%） (1)财务报表反映一个企业的财务状况和经营成果，是根据公认会计准则编制的。这些报表是为许多不同的决策者，许多不同的目的而提供的。 纳税申报单则反映应税收益的计算，是由税法和税则规定的概念。在许多情况下，税法和公认会计准则相似，但两者却存在实质上的不同。 (2)审计师不保证财务报表的准确性，他们仅就财务报表的公允性发表专家意见。然而注册会计师事务所的声誉来自于他们对审计工作的一丝不苟和审计报告的可靠性。