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测控专业英语词汇与短句(1)

测控专业英语词汇与短句(1)
测控专业英语词汇与短句(1)

Actuator 执行器correction 改正,修正

Variable 变量feedback 反馈

digital 数字的automatic 自动的

adjust 调整sensor 传感器

component 成分,组成open-loop 开环

continuous 连续的setpoint 设定值

coil 线圈on line 在线

description 描述combination 结合

robustness 鲁棒性logic unit 逻辑单元

batch control 批次控制resolve 解决;决心

drift 漂移nonlinear 非线性

calibration 校准,刻度malfunction 故障

hardness 硬度flexible 柔性的

versatility 多功能性master control 主控制

switch 开关correctiveeffect 纠正作用

valve 阀simulation 模拟,仿真

fuel flow 燃料流量diaphragm 谐振膜

reference 参考equip 装备(vi)

bumpless transfer 无扰动切换closed-loop 闭环

damper 阻尼diode 二极管

interrupt 中断international standards organization国际标准化组织hierarchical structure 层次结构inventory 详细目录库存存货optimize 最优化mimic 模仿的模拟的

liquid crystal 液晶manipulated variable 操作量

breakdown 故障,损坏key factors 关键因素

relay 继电器condense 精简

serial number 序列号general level 通用层

scan time 扫描时间recovery time 恢复时间

zero drift 零点漂移sensitivity 灵敏度

control strategy 控制策略computer-integrated manufacturing计算机集成制造crank 曲柄artificial intelligence 人工智能

monitor 监控compensate 补偿

repeatable 可重复的dispersion 分散

environmental control 环境控制cite 引用

derate 减免auxiliary 辅助

correspond 一致的ratio 比例

frequency 频率bandwidth 带宽

controller 控制器element 元件

sense 检测,感知transducer 变送器

computer analysis 计算机分析machine level 机器层

control system 控制系统Measurement 测量

selective 选择性的isolated 独立的

capacitance 电容repetition 重复性

signal transducer 信号变送器spring 弹簧

external signal 外部信号on-off control 开关控制

front panel 前面板optimal 最佳的

deflection 偏差compensation 补偿

detector 检测器reliability 可靠度

derivative mode 微分模式control valve 控制阀

interoperability 互操作性dynamic 动态(n;vi)

validation 确认standardization 标准化

numerical control 数值控制nonlinearity 非线性

operational manual 操作指南output span 输出范围

periodic 周期的oscillator 振荡器,振动器

real-time control 实时控制blend 混合

cell level 单元级purchase 采购

random errors 随机误差pneumatic 气动的

inaccurate 不准确response-time 响应时间

diagnose 诊断interference 干扰

restrict 限制;约束industrial computer 工业计算机

integer 整数oscilloscope 示波器

skipped periods 跳跃区间RMS-value 均方根

servomechanism 伺服机构respond to 响应

change in the load 负载的变化continuous manner连续方式

hook up 链接sake 目的

verify 查证,核实random 随机的

economic community经济共同体amplitude 幅度

condition 条件voltage 电压

stable 稳定resistance 电阻

conduct 引导consumer goods 消费商品

alloy 合金extent 范围,程度

ferric 铁的conduct 引导(vi)

observer 观察者conclusion 结论

misinterpret 曲解initial 最初的

representation 表示法,代表restricted 受限制的

intuition 直觉力preceding 在前的;前述的

constitute 构成operational 操作的

lower range limit 范围下限upper range limit 范围上限

dead band 死区extent 范围

single step 单步span 量程、跨度

ideal value 理想值dispersion 分散散布

set theory 集合论parameter 参数

flow rate 流率statics 统计学

quantitative data 定量数据qualitative data 定性数据

potential 潜能、电压proportional mode 比例模式

millivolt 毫伏oil refinery 炼油厂

impedance 阻抗integral mode 积分模型

maintenance 维护transmission 发射,发送,传播

transfer function 传递函数wireless communication 无线通讯

Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换master control 主控制

mainframe computer 大型计算机magnetic field 磁场

fluctuate 波动fieldbus 现场总线

hypothesis 假说;假设dynamic 动态的

cost-effective 节省成本的celsius 摄氏的

ambient 周围的,周围环境的pattern recognition 模式识别

sample 采样protocol 草案;协议

systematic error 系统误差procure 采购、获得

increment 增量overload 过载

block diagram 方框图time dalay 时滞、时延

process control 过程控制batch control 批次控制

distributed control system 分布式控制系统liquid crystal 液晶

manual control 手动控制flexible 柔性的

self-tuning 自调谐inventory 详细目录、库存、清册

client-server model 客户-服务器模型appliance 器具、装置

irradiate 发射、照射

electrode 电极thermostat 恒温器

1.Measurement theory treats measurements as a mapping of elements of a source set

belonging to the empirical domain space onto the elements of an image set which is part of the abstract range space.

测量理论把测量看作是经验域空间的源集合的元素映射到图像集的元素,这是抽象距离空间的一部分

2.The acquisition of structural information is called a qualitative measurement; the

acquisition of metric information is called a quantitative measurement.

结构信息的获取称为定性度量,度量信息的获取称为定量度量

3.As opposed to a physical measurement the object of a non-physical measurement

is often conscious of being measured.

与物理测量相反,非物理测量的对象通常是有意识的被测量的。

4.After data is collected, it may need to be processed either by applying

mathematical computation to it or arranging it in some meaningful manner.

收集数据后,可能需要进行数学运算或以某种有意义的方式进行整理

5.In this theory a measurement result is considered to be a representation of the

actual empirical quantity.

在这个理论中,测量结果被认为是实际经验量的表示

6.The frequency of a periodical signal is measured by simply counting the number

of periods which fall within an accurately determined reference time interval.

周期性信号的频率是通过简单地计算在精确确定的参考时间间隔内的周期数来测量的7.Even within this limited segment, it would hardly be possible to listmuch less

describeall of the distance measurement approaches that have been devised.

即使在这个有限的部分,也几乎不可能列出比设计的所有距离测量方法少得多的描述。

8.The thermal zero shift is the change in the zero output of a measuring instrument

for a specified change in ambient temperature。

热零点漂移是指测量仪器在环境温度变化时零输出量的变化。

9.An open-loop control system does not compare the actual result with the desired

result to determine the control action.

开环控制系统不将实际结果与期望结果进行比较,以确定控制动作。

10.The primary advantage of open-loop control is that it is less expensive than

closed-loop control: It is not necessary to measure the actual result.

开环控制的主要优点是它比闭环控制便宜:不需要测量实际结果

11.Feedback is the action of measuring the difference between the actualresult and th

e desired result, and using that difference to drive the actual result toward the desi

red result.

反馈是测量的实际结果和预期结果之间的差异,使用这种差异使实际结果靠近期望的结果12.The measuring transmitter or sensor senses the value of the controlled variable

and converts it into a usable signal.

测量变送器或传感器检测受控变量的值并将其转换为可用信号

13.It is generally agreed that at least three levels of computer integration are required

for CIM to work:the cell level, the area level,and the plant level.

人们普遍认为CIM需要至少三个级别的计算机集成:单元级、区域级和工厂级。14.The primary standard for electrical potential difference used to be provided by an

electrochemical standard cell(the Weston standard cell):

电位差用电化学标准电池提供的主要标准(Weston标准电池)

15. Usually the sensors receive the information of quantities under measurement

(QUM) and convert it into variation of electrical parameters or electrical potential, which will normally be conditioned, and then converted into the electrical quantities, specially the current, and sent to the A/D converters.

通常传感器接收的信息量在测量(QUM)转换为电参数或电位的变化,这通常会条件,然后转换成电量,特别是当前,送至A/D转换器

16.A complex controller, the brain, compares the two positions and determines which

actions must be performed to accomplish the desired result.

一个复杂的控制器,大脑,比较这两个位置,并决定必须执行哪些动作来达到预期的结果17.The block diagram is a method of representing a control system that retains only

this important feature of each component.

框图是表示只保留每个组件重要特性的控制系统的一种方法

18.The process includes everything that affects the controlled or process variable

except the controller and the final control element.

过程包括除控制器和最终控制元件之外影响控制或过程变量的所有内容

19.In this context, a process is any combination of materials and equipment that

produces a desirable result through changes in energy, physical properties, or chemical properties.

在这种情况下,一个过程是材料和设备的组合,通过能量、物理性质或化学性质的改变产生理想的结果

20.Although it is not unusual to find several kind of components in a single control

system,or two systems with completely different kinds of components,any control system can be described by a set of mathematical equations that define the characteristics of each component .

虽然在一个单独的控制系统或两个完全不同类型的系统中找到几种元件是不寻常的,但是任何控制系统都可以用一组定义每个部件特性的数学方程来描述。

在学校我学习的专业是测控技术与仪器,测控自古以来就是人类生活和生产的重要组成部分,它是一门研究信息获取和处理,以及对相关要素进行控制的理论和技术的课程。这个专业主要学习的有数字电子技术,模拟电子技术,自动控制原理和PLC

In school, I learn major is measurement and control technology and instrument, measurement and control since the ancient times is an important part of human life and production, it is the study of information acquisition and processing, as well as to the relevant factors to control theory and technology of course. The major of this major is digital electronics, analog electronic technology, automatic control principle and PLC

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14. collect accounts收账;open an account 开账户;keep accounts 记账; account for说明; give a full account of 做一个完整的说明; on account of=beca us e of 因为accounting department会计室; 15 .acc us e sb. of…控告某人charge sb. with sth. 起诉某人blame sb. for sth. 责备某人 16. be acc us tomed to sth.( to doing sth.)=be used to sth.(to doing sth.)习惯于做某事 17. have some acquaintance with 熟悉;熟知He is just an acquaintance 18 .come (run) across (偶然)碰到=meet with ; get sth. across 使人理解;领会 19. act as充当,担任act out 表演(对话、故事);把。。。付诸于行动act on(upon) 对。。。起作用 20 .catch sb. (in the act of) doing sth. 抓住某人干某事;take action 采取行动 21. be active in 在…积极take an active part in 积极参加lead an active life过着积极的生活 22. adapt oneself to 使自己适应adapt sth. to 使某物适应adapt from 根据。。。改写 23. add in 包括;添加;加进去add to 增加;加强add…to 把。。。加到。。。上

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Dressing room 更衣室Wall lamp 壁灯Storeroom 储藏室Reading lamp 台灯Master bathroom 主卫Floor lamp 落地灯Bathroom 卫生间Bathroom fixture 卫生洁具Wash room 洗衣房Staircase 楼梯Washbowl 洗手台[台盆] Aisle 过道 Water faucet 水龙头Closestool 座便器Gazebe 阳台 Urinal 小便斗 Garden 花园 Bathtab 浴缸 Swimming pool 游泳池Shower bath 淋浴房Furniture 家具 Wiring 电器设备Cupboard 厨房橱柜Television 电视机

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第一部分必须掌握,第二部分尽量掌握 第一部分: 1 Finite Element Method 有限单元法 2 专业英语Specialty English 3 水利工程Hydraulic Engineering 4 土木工程Civil Engineering 5 地下工程Underground Engineering 6 岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering 7 道路工程Road (Highway) Engineering 8 桥梁工程Bridge Engineering 9 隧道工程Tunnel Engineering 10 工程力学Engineering Mechanics 11 交通工程Traffic Engineering 12 港口工程Port Engineering 13 安全性safety 17木结构timber structure 18 砌体结构masonry structure 19 混凝土结构concrete structure 20 钢结构steelstructure 21 钢-混凝土复合结构steel and concrete composite structure 22 素混凝土plain concrete 23 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete 24 钢筋rebar 25 预应力混凝土pre-stressed concrete 26 静定结构statically determinate structure 27 超静定结构statically indeterminate structure 28 桁架结构truss structure 29 空间网架结构spatial grid structure 30 近海工程offshore engineering 31 静力学statics 32运动学kinematics 33 动力学dynamics 34 简支梁simply supported beam 35 固定支座fixed bearing 36弹性力学elasticity 37 塑性力学plasticity 38 弹塑性力学elaso-plasticity 39 断裂力学fracture Mechanics 40 土力学soil mechanics 41 水力学hydraulics 42 流体力学fluid mechanics 43 固体力学solid mechanics 44 集中力concentrated force 45 压力pressure 46 静水压力hydrostatic pressure 47 均布压力uniform pressure 48 体力body force 49 重力gravity 50 线荷载line load 51 弯矩bending moment 52 torque 扭矩53 应力stress 54 应变stain 55 正应力normal stress 56 剪应力shearing stress 57 主应力principal stress 58 变形deformation 59 内力internal force 60 偏移量挠度deflection 61 settlement 沉降 62 屈曲失稳buckle 63 轴力axial force 64 允许应力allowable stress 65 疲劳分析fatigue analysis 66 梁beam 67 壳shell 68 板plate 69 桥bridge 70 桩pile 71 主动土压力active earth pressure 72 被动土压力passive earth pressure 73 承载力load-bearing capacity 74 水位water Height 75 位移displacement 76 结构力学structural mechanics 77 材料力学material mechanics 78 经纬仪altometer 79 水准仪level 80 学科discipline 81 子学科sub-discipline 82 期刊journal ,periodical 83文献literature 84 ISSN International Standard Serial Number 国际标准刊号 85 ISBN International Standard Book Number 国际标准书号 86 卷volume 87 期number 88 专着monograph 89 会议论文集Proceeding 90 学位论文thesis, dissertation 91 专利patent 92 档案档案室archive 93 国际学术会议conference 94 导师advisor 95 学位论文答辩defense of thesis 96 博士研究生doctorate student 97 研究生postgraduate 98 EI Engineering Index 工程索引 99 SCI Science Citation Index 科学引文索引 100ISTP Index to Science and Technology Proceedings 科学技术会议论文集索引 101 题目title 102 摘要abstract 103 全文full-text 104 参考文献reference 105 联络单位、所属单位affiliation 106 主题词Subject 107 关键字keyword 108 ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers 美国土木工程师协会 109 FHWA Federal Highway Administration 联邦公路总署

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下落,下沉。如: The sun is going down. 太阳西下。 Three ships went down in the storm. 风暴中有三艘船沉没。 下降,降低,减低,减弱。如: The standard of work has gone down. 工作标准降低了。 We waited for the wind to go down. 我们等待风势减弱。 Eggs are going down in price. / The price of eggs is going down. 鸡蛋价格下跌了。

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Part IV:Commonly Used Professional Terms of Civil Engineering development organization 建设单位 design organization 设计单位 construction organization 施工单位 reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土 pile 桩 steel structure 钢结构 aluminium alloy 铝合金 masonry 砌体(工程)reinforced ~ 配筋砌体load-bearing ~ 承重砌体unreinforced ~非配筋砌体 permissible stress (allowable stress) 容许应力plywood 胶合板 retaining wall 挡土墙 finish 装修 finishing material装修材料 ventilation 通风 natural ~ 自然通风 mechanical ~ 机械通风 diaphragm wall (continuous concrete wall) 地下连续墙 villa 别墅 moment of inertia 惯性矩 torque 扭矩 stress 应力normal ~ 法向应力shear ~ 剪应力 strain 应变 age hardening 时效硬化 air-conditioning system空调系统 (air) void ration(土)空隙比 albery壁厨,壁龛 a l mery壁厨,贮藏室 anchorage length锚固长度 antiseismic joint 防震缝 architectural appearance 建筑外观 architectural area 建筑面积 architectural design 建筑设计 fiashing 泛水 workability (placeability) 和易性 safety glass安全玻璃 tempered glass (reinforced glass) 钢化玻璃foamed glass泡沫玻璃 asphalt沥青 felt (malthoid) 油毡 riveted connection 铆接 welding焊接 screwed connection 螺栓连接 oakum 麻刀,麻丝 tee三通管 tap存水弯 esthetics美学 formwork 模板(工程) shoring 支撑 batching 配料 slipform construction (slipforming) 滑模施工 lfit-slab construction 升板法施工 mass concrete 大体积混凝土 terrazzo水磨石 construction joint 施工缝 honeycomb蜂窝,空洞,麻面 piled foundation桩基 deep foundation 深基础 shallow foundation浅基础 foundation depth基础埋深 pad foundation独立基础 strip foundation 条形基础 raft foundation筏基 box foundation箱形基础 BSMT=basement 地下室 lift 电梯electric elevator lift well电梯井 escalator 自动扶梯 Poisson’s ratio 泊松比μ Young’s modulus , modulus of elasticity 杨氏模量,弹性模量E safety coefficient 安全系数 fatigue failure 疲劳破坏 bearing capacity of foundations 地基承载力bearing capacity of a pile 单桩承载力 two-way-reinforcement 双向配筋 reinforced concrete two-way slabs钢筋混凝土双向板 single way slab单向板 window blind 窗帘sun blind wind load 风荷载 curing 养护 watertight concrete 防水混凝土 white cement白水泥 separating of concrete混凝土离折segregation of concrete mortar 砂浆~ joint 灰缝 pilaster 壁柱 fire rating耐火等级 fire brick 耐火砖 standard brick标准砖

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pacific a.和平的n.太平洋pack vt.捆扎;挤满n.包package n.包裹,包,捆packet n.小包(裹),小捆 pad n.垫;本子vt.填塞 page n.页 pail n.桶,提桶 pain n.痛,痛苦悲伤;辛劳painful a.使痛的;费力的paint vt.画;油漆vi.绘画painter n.漆工,画家,绘画者painting n.油画;绘画;着色pair n.一对vi.成对,配对palace n.宫,宫殿 pale a.苍白的;浅的 palm n.手掌,手心;掌状物pan n.平底锅,盘子 panda n.小猫熊;猫熊 pane n.窗格玻璃 panel n.专门小组;面,板pant n.气喘;心跳 paper n.纸;官方文件;文章

parade n.游行;检阅vi.游行paradise n.伊甸乐园;天堂paragraph n.(文章的)段,节parallel a.平行的;相同的parcel n.包裹,小包,邮包pardon n.原谅;赦免vt.原谅parent n.父亲,母亲,双亲 park n.公园;停车场 parliament n.议会,国会 part n.一部分;零件;本份partial a.部分的;不公平的partially ad.部分地 participate vi.参与,参加;分享particle n.粒子,微粒 particular a.特殊的;特定的particularly ad.特别,尤其,格外partly ad.部分地,不完全地partner n.伙伴;搭挡;配偶party n.党,党派;聚会 pass vt.经过;通过;度过passage n.通过;通路,通道passenger n.乘客,旅客,过路人

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acquire knowledge and skills学习知识和技能 make joint efforts做出共同努力 4、彼此沟通信息 Write sb a letter saying…给某人写信说... express one’s idea (feelings) in English用英语表达一个人的思想(感情) Views on …vary from person to person对…观点因人而异 set forth a compromise proposal提出折中提议 enhance/ promote mutual understanding 增进相互了解 5、其他 be in good shape be angry about…为某事生气 Thank you for your letter. Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you. 不可否认It is undeniable that不可否认 an irresistible trend of必然趋势 realize one’s dream实现梦想 The main reasons are listed as follows主要理由列举如下

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Description: 方案:Design, Scheme 初步设计:Primary Design 施工图 CD: Construction Design Fuction 功能区 Light 灯具 Droplight 吊灯 吸顶灯 Entrance 入口 Living room 客厅 Sitting room 起居室 Embed light 嵌灯 Dinning room 餐厅 Daylight lamp 日光灯 Kitchen 厨房 Reflect down light 筒灯 Office 书房 Quartz down-light 石英灯Master bedroom 主卧房 Votage track light 射灯 Quest bedroom 客卧 Track light 轨道灯 Children bedroom 儿童房Picture light 镜画灯

Hiding light 暗藏灯管Projection room 视听室Dressing room 更衣室 Wall lamp 壁灯 Storeroom 储藏室 Reading lamp 台灯 Master bathroom 主卫Floor lamp 落地灯Bathroom 卫生间 Bathroom fixture 卫生洁具Wash room 洗衣房Staircase 楼梯 Washbowl 洗手台[台盆] Aisle 过道 Water faucet 水龙头Closestool 座便器 Gazebe 阳台 Urinal 小便斗 Garden 花园 Bathtab 浴缸 Swimming pool 游泳池Shower bath 淋浴房Furniture 家具 Wiring 电器设备

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