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增译与减译练习完整版

增译与减译练习完整版
增译与减译练习完整版

增译与减译练习

试译下列句子,注意为弥合词义差异的需要增加适当的词或减少某些不必要的词:

(一)增词

1.The retreat commenced in all haste.

2.Her grace was a delight.

3.There was a wide emptiness over the street.

4.His arrogance made everyone dislike him.

5. 听到这个消息,他一肚皮的酒几乎全化成了酸醋。

6. 他一边放声大笑,一边不住地拿眼瞅着她。

7. 她悄悄地来到她妹妹的房间里,将门拉上。

(二)减词

1.They had to stay there until the person they were addressed to happened to come by and stop at the inn.

2. This explains why farmers in very windy regions try to protect their soil by planting rows of trees to break the force of the wind.

3.但是,我却看到了一次最雄伟、最瑰丽的日出景象。

4.姑娘有点不好意思了,脸上泛着红潮。

5.本书所谈的是美国人民与土地合作的经过,以及合作过程中所产生的一些变迁。

试译下列句子,注意为弥合修辞差异的需要增加适当的词或减少某些不必要的词:

(一)增词

1.Outside stood a little girl, dripping wet and shivering.

2.If future predictions of a shortage of quality workers come true, it will become even more important to make employees feel part of the team.

3.她不喜欢他这样打扮,老里老气的,不像个青年人。

4.他一个人跑到北海的土山上,徜徉了一个晚上。

(二)减词

1.The mail carrier could leave letters there for everyone for miles around.

2.As soon as the operator releases the key, breaking the circuit, the electromagnet releases the end of the armature(电枢)that it has pulled toward itself.

3.这儿的峡谷又是另一番景象:谷中急水奔流,穿峡而过,两岸树木葱茏,鲜花繁茂,碧草萋萋,活脱脱一幅生机盎然的天然风景画。各种奇峰异岭,令人感受各异,遐想万千。4.这放盐也不是一成不变的,要因人、因时而变。

试译下列句子,注意为弥合语境差异的需要增加适当的词或减少某些不必要的词:

(一)增词

1.You probably already know that black absorbs the most heat while white reflects the most. But what about other colors between?

2.The odor of disinfectant stung my nostrils as I moved down the row of pens. Each contained five to seven dogs.

3.我抬头望去,已到巫山。

I look up and see that we have reached the Wu Mountains.

4.从费城出发去他家之前,我就和他通了电话。一下车,他已经在站上等了。

(二)减词

1.So I made as much noise as I could with my automobile horn. I sounded the horn every ten

minutes, hoping that some other traveler passing near me would hear.

2.Double Click(双击公司)was sued by a California woman who accused the company of illegally obtaining and selling personal information about Internet users.

3.柔软的柳丝低垂在静谧的小河边上,河边的顽童,破坏了小河的安静。

4.清晨,一列从北平向东开行的平沈通车,正驰行在广阔、碧绿的原野上。

答案:增译与减译练习参考译文

(一)增词

1.The retreat commenced in all haste.

撤退工作匆匆忙忙地开始了。

2.Her grace was a delight.

她的又没风度,令人欣悦。

3.There was a wide emptiness over the street.

马路上显出一派空旷的景象。

4.His arrogance made everyone dislike him.

他的傲慢态度事的人人都不喜欢他。

5. 听到这个消息,他一肚皮的酒几乎全化成了酸醋。

At this news the wine in his stomach turned to sour vinegar in his jealousy.

6. 他一边放声大笑,一边不住地拿眼瞅着她。

He burst out laughing and kept looking at her intently.

7. 她悄悄地来到她妹妹的房间里,将门拉上。

She went softly over to her sister’s room and pulled the door up behind he r.

(二)减词

1.They had to stay there until the person they were addressed to happened to come by and stop

at the inn.

他们得一直在那儿等着、直到有一天收信人碰巧打那儿路过并在这家客栈停留才能走。

2. This explains why farmers in very windy regions try to protect their soil by planting ro ws of trees to break the force of the wind.

译文一:这就是风沙地区的农民要栽上一排排的防风林来保护土壤的原因所在。

译文二:多封地区的农民之所以要栽上一排排的防风林保护土壤,原因就在于此。

3.但是,我却看到了一次最雄伟、最瑰丽的日出景象。

I have , however, seen a superbly majestic and beautiful sunrise.

4.姑娘有点不好意思了,脸上泛着红潮。

The girl blushed shyly.

5.本书所谈的是美国人民与土地合作的经过,以及合作过程中所产生的一些变迁。

The book tells of the partnership of land and people in the United States, and , of some of the changes that partnership brought about.

试译下列句子,注意为弥合修辞差异的需要增加适当的词或减少某些不必要的词:

(一)增词

1.Outside stood a little girl, dripping wet and shivering.

门外站着一个小女孩,浑身湿透,冻得瑟瑟发抖。

2.If future predictions of a shortage of quality workers come true, it will become even more important to make employees feel part of the team.

有人预言,高素质的员工将会短缺。如果这一预言将来成为现实,那么让雇员感到自己是

该集体中不可缺少的一员就显得更为重要。

3.她不喜欢他这样打扮,老里老气的,不像个青年人。

She disliked this outfit of his which made him look old before his time.

4.他一个人跑到北海的土山上,徜徉了一个晚上。

He hurried offf alone to Beihai Park and spent the evening pacing up and down its hills.

(二)减词

1.The mail carrier could leave letters there for everyone for miles around.

邮差可以将数英里范围内的信件放在这里。

2.As soon as the operator releases the key, breaking the circuit, the electromagnet releases the end of the armature(电枢)that it has pulled toward itself.

话务员一松开键,将电路断开,电磁铁就会松开它刚吸过去的那端电枢。

3.这儿的峡谷又是另一番景象:谷中急水奔流,穿峡而过,两岸树木葱茏,鲜花繁茂,碧草萋萋,活脱脱一幅生机盎然的天然风景画。各种奇峰异岭,令人感受各异,遐想万千。It is another gorge through which a rapid stream flows. Trees, flowers and grass, a picture of natural vitality, thrive on both banks. The weird peaks arouse disparate thoughts.

4.这放盐也不是一成不变的,要因人、因时而变。

The quantity of salt varies with the people and the time.

试译下列句子,注意为弥合语境差异的需要增加适当的词或减少某些不必要的词:

(一)增词

1.You probably already know that black absorbs the most heat while white reflects the most. But what about other colors between?

你或许已经直到,黑色物体吸收的热量最多,而白色物体反射的热量最多。但是,介于这两者之间的其他颜色如何呢?

2.The odor of disinfectant stung my nostrils as I moved down the row of pens. Each contained five to seven dogs.

我顺着一排够我走下去,消毒药水的气味冲鼻而来。每一个狗窝里都有5至7只小狗。3.我抬头望去,已到巫山。

I look up and see that we have reached the Wu Mountains.

4.从费城出发去他家之前,我就和他通了电话。一下车,他已经在站上等了。

At Philadelphia, shortly before starting out for his place, I called him up. So when I got off the train at the destination, I found him already waiting for me at the statin.

(二)减词

1.So I made as much noise as I could with my automobile horn. I sounded the horn every ten minutes, hoping that some other traveler passing near me would hear.

于是,我拼命地按喇叭,每隔十分钟按一次,希望有人从我附近经过时会听到我的喇叭声。2.Double Click(双击公司)was sued by a California woman who accused the company of illegally obtaining and selling personal information about Internet users.

一位加州妇女起诉双击公司非法获取并出售因特网用户的个人资料。

3.柔软的柳丝低垂在静谧的小河边上,河边的顽童,破坏了小河的安静。

Willow tendrils hung low over the banks of the stream, where only the shouts of children broke the stillness.

4.清晨,一列从北平向东开行的平沈通车,正驰行在广阔、碧绿的原野上。

Early one morning the Beiping-Shenyang express was speeding over the vast, jade-green countryside...

翻译方法之增译法、减译法、重复法

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常用翻译技巧之必备增译法省译法

专心翻译 做到极致 常用翻译技巧之必备增译法省译法 英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异,因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难,需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中,也可以运用于口译过程中,而且应该用得更加熟练,因为口译工作的特点决定了译员没有更多的时间进行思考。 增译法:指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多,而英语句子一般都要有主语,所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候,除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或"Therebe…"结构来翻译以外,一般都要根据语境补出主语,使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高,凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时,必须在前面加上物主代词。因此,在汉译英时需要增补物主代词,而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示,而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此,在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外,在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语,以确保译文意思的完整。总之,通过增译,一是保证译文语法结构的完整,二是保证译文意思的明确。 (1)What about calling him right away?马上给他打个电话,你觉得如何?(增译主语和谓语) (2)If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations.要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊!(增译主句) (3) Indeed, the reverse is true 实际情况恰好相反。(增译名词) (4)就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.(增译物主代词)

翻译练习-2选词法增译减译答案

Translation Exercises 1. Applying DICTION in translating the following sentences: The bell is not working. 铃不响了。 Your idea won’t work in practice 你的想法实际上行不通。 My mother worked a sweater for me. 我的妈妈为我织了件毛衣。 Professor White is at work on a new book. 怀特教授正在写一本新书。

He worked his way through college. 错译:他通过自己的努力考上了大学。 他正在努力学习以考上大学。 他大学里一直好好学习。 他完成了大学学业/他走完了他的大学时代。他顺顺利利地考上了大学。 他在大学里依然我行我素。 他在大学里特立独行。 他整个大学的经历很与众不同。 他在大学里混日子。 他在大学里任职。 他在大学里学习。 正译:他靠打工挣钱读完了大学。 2. Applying Conversion in translating the following sentences: I recognized the absurdity of dealing with them through intermediaries. 我意识到,通过中间人跟他们打交道是愚蠢的。 With China’s Entry to the WTO and

Beijing’s successful bid for the 2008 Olympic Games, learning English is more important than ever before. 随着中国加入世贸组织和北京成功地获得2008年奥运会的举办权,学习英语显得比以往任何时候都要重要。 The more carbon the steel contains, the harder and stronger it is. 钢含有的碳越多,其强度和硬度就越大。钢含有的碳越多,就越刚硬/就越坚固。 错译:钢含有的碳越多,韧性就越好。The electronic computer is chiefly characterized by its accurate and rapid computation. 电子计算机的主要特点是计算迅速、准确。The factory is highly productive. 这家工厂具有很高的生产效率。/ 这家工厂的生产效率很高。 3. Applying AMPLIFICATION in translating the following sentences: The development of Chinese agriculture

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常用十大翻译技巧之一:增译法 英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异,因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难,需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中,也可以运用于口译过程中,而且应该用得更加熟练,因为口译工作的特点决定了译员没有更多的时间进行思考。 增译法:指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多,而英语句子一般都要有主语,所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候,除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或"There be…"结构来翻译以外,一般都要根据语境补出主语,使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高,凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时,必须在前面加上物主代词。因此,在汉译英时需要增补物主代词,而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示,而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此,在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外,在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语,以确保译文意思的完整。总之,通过增译,一是保证译文语法结构的完整,二是保证译文意思的明确。如: (1)What about calling him right away?
马上给他打个电话,你觉得如何?(增译主语和谓语) (2)If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊!(增译主句) (3)Indeed, the reverse is true. 实际情况恰好相反。(增译名词) (4)就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。 Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.(增译物主代词) (5)只许州官放火,不许百姓点灯。 While the magistrates were free to burn down house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps. (增译连词) 1

(全英文论文)从冗余理论浅谈翻译技巧之增译法与减译法

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英语原创毕业论文参考选题(200个) 一、论文说明 本写作团队致力于英语毕业论文写作与辅导服务,精通前沿理论研究、仿真编程、数据图表制作,专业本科论文3000起,具体可以联系qq 805990749。下列所写题目均可写作。部分题目已经写好原创。 二、原创论文参考题目 1 道林.格雷的画像中美的主题 2 初中英语课堂问题行为及对策 3 从美国梦的实现分析电影当幸福来敲门的积极意义 4 论创造性背叛在翻译红楼梦章回目录中的运用 5 互联网在大学英语第二课堂中应用的效果 6 哈利?波特主角背后的原型 7 新时期英汉语言接触对英语词汇系统的影响 8 外资银行在华发展现状与影响及国有商业银行的对策 9 美国总统就职演说的语言特点分析 10 中英语言中动物词汇的文化含义对比 11 全球化背景下的中国英语研究 12 如何教初中英语口语 13 XX中学高一年级学生英语听力问题调查分析 14 浅论英美影视字幕翻译方法 15 英语灾难新闻标题的语法和词汇特点分析 16 论英汉成语翻译 17 英语专业大学生利用英语学习网的自主学习性研究 18 浅谈汉语网络新词的翻译策略 19 探索生命的意义—解析老人与海的主题 20 生活大爆炸字母翻译中的文化迁移现象 21 喜福会中的母女沖突 22 从关联理论视角看历年奥运会主题口号的汉译 23 中学生英语听力理解策略研究

24 英语习语变体的修辞效果及其翻译 25 非英语专业学生英语学习动机调查研究 26 从飘探讨女性主义与社会的关系 27 接骨师之女中宝姨的人物形象解析 28 中西方文化差异 29 从语境理论角度分析奥巴马就职演说词语篇 30 英语多义词的翻译 31 通过对比看岭南文化的特征 32 论礼貌原则在英语报盘信函与还盘信函中的应用 33 中国女大学生奢侈品消费动机探析 34 中国公益广告的含蓄美--环保公益广告为例 35 英语广告中的修辞与幽默 36 论英语谚语翻译 37 论母语负迁移对二语词汇习得的影响 38 XX中学高二年级英语写作中常犯的词汇错误分析 39 劳伦斯和他的作品儿子与情人恋母情结 40 浅谈汉语中的英语外来词 41 分析匹普的性格发展 42 浅谈美国俚语的特征 43 英语委婉语在日常生活中的语用功能分析 44 中美媒体对光伏双反案的批判性话语分析 45 从礼貌原则分析发盘的语言技巧 46 鲁宾逊性格变化过程简要分析 47 生态翻译视角下英文电影字幕的汉译研究--了不起的盖茨比为例 48 析霍桑红字中的女权主义思想 49 批评性话语分析视角下的英语政治委婉语 50 沃尔特.惠特曼及其诗歌研究 51 小说爱玛中爱玛的心理成长 52 解析愤怒的葡萄中人性的力量 53 中西社交礼仪的比较与融合

第三章翻译的基本技巧之 增译法

第三章翻译的基本技巧 增译法 (amplification) ?The dust, the uproar and the growing darkness threw everything into chaos. ?In April, there was the “ping” heard around the world. In July, the ping “ponged”. 原译:四月里,全世界听到―乒‖的一声;七月里,乒又―乓‖了。 改译:四月里,全世界听到中国―乒‖的一声把球打了出去;到了七月,美国―乓‖的一声把球打了回来。 ?Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health. 原译:他们的主人又切又倒又服务又切面包;又说又笑又祝健康。 改译:热情的主人又是切肉,又是斟酒,又是上菜,又是切面包;说啊,笑啊,敬酒啊,忙个不停。 增译法 ?当然,增译法并不意味着译者可以随心所欲地添枝加叶,而必须遵守一条基本原则,即增加那些在句法上、语义上或修辞上必不可少的词语,也就是增加原文字面虽未出现但却为其实际内容所包含的词语。下面分别介绍英汉翻译中运用增译法的两种主要类型。?Amplification means supplying necessary words in our translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original. Outline

?根据意义或修辞上的需要 ?根据句法上的需要 Exercises 一、根据意义或修辞上的需要 1.1 增加动词 1.2 增加形容词 1.3 增加副词 1.4 增加名词 1.5 增加表示名词复数的词 1.6 增加表达时态的词 1.7 增加语气助词 1.8 增加量词 1.9 增加概括词 1.10 增加承上启下的词 1.1增加动词 ?In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué. ?晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之后,他还得起草最后公报。 ?There were no s p e e c h e s, no foreign diplomats, no ―ordinary Chinese‖ with paper flags and bouquets of flowers. ?没有发表讲话,没有各国外交官到场,也没有―普通中国人‖挥舞纸旗、花束的场面。 ?Rostow was about to become, for lack of anyone or anything better, a very influential intellectual — the wrong man at the wrong place with the wrong idea. ?因为找不到比他更好的人,也没有更好的办法,于是,罗斯托就要成为一个很有影响的知识分子了,这真是在错误的地方任用错误的人去实行他的错误主张。

增译与减译练习完整版

增译与减译练习 试译下列句子,注意为弥合词义差异的需要增加适当的词或减少某些不必要的词: (一)增词 1.The retreat commenced in all haste. 2.Her grace was a delight. 3.There was a wide emptiness over the street. 4.His arrogance made everyone dislike him. 5. 听到这个消息,他一肚皮的酒几乎全化成了酸醋。 6. 他一边放声大笑,一边不住地拿眼瞅着她。 7. 她悄悄地来到她妹妹的房间里,将门拉上。 (二)减词 1.They had to stay there until the person they were addressed to happened to come by and stop at the inn. 2. This explains why farmers in very windy regions try to protect their soil by planting rows of trees to break the force of the wind. 3.但是,我却看到了一次最雄伟、最瑰丽的日出景象。 4.姑娘有点不好意思了,脸上泛着红潮。 5.本书所谈的是美国人民与土地合作的经过,以及合作过程中所产生的一些变迁。 试译下列句子,注意为弥合修辞差异的需要增加适当的词或减少某些不必要的词: (一)增词 1.Outside stood a little girl, dripping wet and shivering. 2.If future predictions of a shortage of quality workers come true, it will become even more important to make employees feel part of the team. 3.她不喜欢他这样打扮,老里老气的,不像个青年人。 4.他一个人跑到北海的土山上,徜徉了一个晚上。 (二)减词 1.The mail carrier could leave letters there for everyone for miles around. 2.As soon as the operator releases the key, breaking the circuit, the electromagnet releases the end of the armature(电枢)that it has pulled toward itself. 3.这儿的峡谷又是另一番景象:谷中急水奔流,穿峡而过,两岸树木葱茏,鲜花繁茂,碧草萋萋,活脱脱一幅生机盎然的天然风景画。各种奇峰异岭,令人感受各异,遐想万千。4.这放盐也不是一成不变的,要因人、因时而变。 试译下列句子,注意为弥合语境差异的需要增加适当的词或减少某些不必要的词: (一)增词 1.You probably already know that black absorbs the most heat while white reflects the most. But what about other colors between? 2.The odor of disinfectant stung my nostrils as I moved down the row of pens. Each contained five to seven dogs. 3.我抬头望去,已到巫山。 I look up and see that we have reached the Wu Mountains. 4.从费城出发去他家之前,我就和他通了电话。一下车,他已经在站上等了。 (二)减词 1.So I made as much noise as I could with my automobile horn. I sounded the horn every ten

英汉互译增译法及省译法

Translating Techniques 增译法&省译法

u增词法就是在翻译时根据意义上或修辞上或句法上的需要增加原文中虽无其词但有其义的一些词。 u增词绝不是无中生有,不是随意增加原文没有的意义。 u Some metals are easy to machine; others are not. 一些金属容易加工,而另一些却。

u增译的原则:不可添意,适可而止 u You may wonder why the magnet's poles point north an south. u你也许感到好奇,为什么磁铁的极指向南北呢?

1.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 2.We don’t regret, we never have and never will. 3.After the basketball, he still has an important conference.

1. Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书充实,讨论机智,笔记(写作)使人准确。 2. We don’t regret, we never have and never will. 我们不会后悔,我们从来没有,我们将来也不会。3. After the basketball, he still has an important conference. 看完篮球比赛之后,他还有一个重要会议。

常用十大翻译技巧之二:省译法和转换法

专心翻译 做到极致 常用十大翻译技巧之二:省译法和转换法 2. 省译法:这是与增译法相对应的一种翻译方法,即删去不符合目标语思维习 惯、语言习惯和表达方式的词,以避免译文累赘。增译法的例句反之即可。又如: (1)You will be staying in this hotel during your visit in Beijing. 你在北京访问期间就住在这家饭店里。(省译物主代词) (2)I hope you will enjoy your stay here. 希望您在这儿过得愉快。(省译物主代词) (3)中国政府历来重视环境保护工作。 The Chinese government has always attached great importance to environmental protection. (省译名词) 3. 转换法:指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。具体的说,就是在词性方面,把名词转换为代词、形容词、动词;把动词转换成名词、形容词、副词、介词;把形容词转换成副词和短语。在句子成分方面,把主语变成状语、定语、宾语、表语;把谓语变成主语、定语、表语;把定语变成状语、主语;把宾语变成主语。在句型方面,把并列句变成复合句,把复合句变成并列句,把状语从句变成定语从句。在语态方面,可以把主动语态变为被动语态。如: (1)我们学院受教委和市政府的双重领导。 Our institute is co-administrated by the States Education Commission and the municipal government. (名词转动词) (2)Too much exposure to TV programs will do great harm to the eyesight of children. 孩子们看电视过多会大大地损坏视力。(名词转动词) (3)由于我们实行了改革开放政策,我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。 Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy, our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved. (动词转名词) (4)I’m all for you opinion. 我完全赞成你的意见。(介词转动词) (5)The reform and opening policy is supported by the whole Chinese people. 改革开放政策受到了全中国人民的拥护。(动词转名词) (6)In his article the author is critical of man’s neg ligence toward his environment. 作者在文章中,对人类疏忽自身环境作了批评。(形容词转名词) (7)In some of the European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance. 在有些欧洲国家里,人民享受最广泛的社会福利,如医疗保险等。(被动语态转主动语态)

第三节 减译法

第三节减译法 和其他一切事物一样,翻译也是有增必有减。懂了增译法之后自然也就会懂得什么是减译法。它是增译法的反面:以同一个译例来说,在英译汉中如果用增译法的话,在汉译英中自然就要用减译法了。把第二节中的31个例子倒译的话(即把汉译英改为英译汉或把英译汉变为汉译英),所用的译法就不是增译法而是减译法了。 关于减译法,应该记住这样一条总原则:减译法是指原文中有些词在译文中不译 者在译文中是不言而喻的;换言之,减译法是删去一些可有可无的,或者有了反嫌累赘或违背译文习惯表达法的词,但减译并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去。 此外,冠词、连词、代词(尤其是人称代词、关系代词)、关系副词,等等,在英语中经常使用,但译成汉语时几乎很少出现,要使译文忠实而地道,减译法就自然必不可少了。例如:

1.A book is useful. 书(是)有用(的)。 2.The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕太阳转。 3. 礼拜天我们不上学。 4.Mr.Bingley was good-looking and gentleman-like. 宾利先生风度翩翩,彬彬有礼。 5.A wise man will not marry a woman who has attainments but no virtue. 聪明的人是不会娶有才无德的女子为妻的。 6write to him,the response would be absolute silence and void. 你写信给他,总是石沉大海。 7.Sunday is the day am least busy. 星期天我最不忙。 8.Could you help me in any way? 你能帮帮我吗? 9.Winter is the best time to study the

省略法增译法练习(学生用)

省略法、增译法练习 省略法 1.Y ou cannot build a ship, a bridge or a house if you don’t know how to make a design or how to read it. 2.If you want to kill a snake you must hit it first on the head and if you want to catch a band of robbers you must first catch their leader. 3.Truth is tough. It will not break, like a bubble, at a touch; nay, you may kick it about all day like a football, and it will be round and full at evening. 4.It was very easy for him to pour the whole bottle of wine into his throat. 5.Men and women, old and young, all joined in the battle. 6.If I had known it, I would not have joined in it. 7.Smoking is prohibited in public places. 8.For generations, coal and oil have been regarded as the chief energy source to transport from place to place. 9.She curtseyed again, and would have blushed deeper, if she could have blushed deeper than she has blushed all the time. 10.He was safe and sound. 11.The time-keeping devices of electronic watches are much more accurate than those of mechanical ones. 12.He took off his coat and shoes. Then he put on his slippers,went to the sofa and began to watch TV. He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable. 13.He was well-favoured, bright, a good dancer, a fair shot and a fine tennis player.

减译法

和其他一切事物一样,翻译也是有增必有减。懂了增译法之后自然也就会懂得什么是减译法。它是增译法的反面:以同一个译例来说,在英译汉中如果用增译法的话,在汉译英中自然就要用减译法了。把第二节中的31个例子倒译的话(即把汉译英改为英译汉或把英译汉变为汉译英),所用的译法就不是增译法而是减译法了。 关于减译法,应该记住这样一条总原则:减译法是指原文中有些词在译文中不译 者在译文中是不言而喻的;换言之,减译法是删去一些可有可无的,或者有了反嫌累赘或违背译文习惯表达法的词,但减译并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去。 此外,冠词、连词、代词(尤其是人称代词、关系代词)、关系副词,等等,在英语中经常使用,但译成汉语时几乎很少出现,要使译文忠实而地道,减译法就自然必不可少了。例如: 1.A book is useful.

书(是)有用(的)。 2.The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕太阳转。 3. 礼拜天我们不上学。 4.Mr.Bingley was good-looking and gentleman-like. 宾利先生风度翩翩,彬彬有礼。 5.A wise man will not marry a woman who has attainments but no virtue.聪明的人是不会娶有才无德的女子为妻的。 6write to him,the response would be absolute silence and void.你写信给他,总是石沉大海。 7.Sunday is the am least busy. 星期天我最不忙。 8.Could you help me in any way? 你能帮帮我吗? 9.Winter is the best time to study the growth of trees.Although the leaves

常用翻译技巧之:增译法

专心翻译 做到极致 常用翻译技巧之:增译法 英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异,因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难,需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中,也可以运用于口译过程中,而且应该用得更加熟练,因为口译工作的特点决定了译员没有更多的时间进行思考。 增译法:指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多,而英语句子一般都要有主语,所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候,除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或"There be…"结构来翻译以外,一般都要根据语境补出主语,使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高,凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时,必须在前面加上物主代词。因此,在汉译英时需要增补物主代词,而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示,而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此,在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外,在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语,以确保译文意思的完整。总之,通过增译,一是保证译文语法结构的完整,二是保证译文意思的明确。如: (1)What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话,你觉得如何? (增译主语和谓语) (2)If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊!(增译主句) (3) Indeed, the reverse is true 实际情况恰好相反。(增译名词) (4)就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。 Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.(增译物主代词) (5)只许州官放火,不许百姓点灯。 While the magistrates were free to burn down house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps. (增译连词) (6)这是我们两国人民的又一个共同点。 This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries.(增译介词) (7)在人权领域,中国反对以大欺小、以强凌弱。 In the field of human rights, China opposes the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak.(增译暗含词语)

-外国语简谈翻译技巧之增译法与减译法学士学位论文

简谈翻译技巧之—增译法与减译法On Translation Techniques----- Amplification and Omission He YuLin 何玉林 Under the Supervision of Liao Hong School of Foreign Languages and Cultures Panzhihua University

May 2006 Contents 摘要.................................................................................................I Abstract............................................................................................II Introduction.................................................................................................III Chapter 1Brief Introduction .. (1) 1.1The Definition of Translation. (1) 1.2The Definition and Importance of the Two Techniques (1) Chapter 2Amplification and Omission. (3) 2.1 Amplification (3) 2.1.1 Structural Amplification (4) 2.1.2 Semantic Amplification. (6) 2.1.3 Rhetorical Amplification. (7) 2.1.4 Exteriorized Amplification (7) 2.1.5 Words Supplied for Syntactic Construction and Semantic Completion (8) 2.1.6 Supplying the Omitted words in the Original Text in Translation (10) 2.1.7 Supplying Category Words (10) 2.1.8 Supplying Overlapping Words or Numerals to Express the Plural Form of Nouns (11) 2.2Omission (12) 2.2.1 English---Chinese Translation (13) 2.2.2 Chinese---English Translation (16) Chapter3S imilarities between the Two Translation Techniques (19) Conclusion (21) Notes (22)

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