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归类总规则(中英文对照版)

归类总规则

货品在本税则中的归类，应遵循以下原则：

规则一类、章及分章的标题，仅为查找方便而设；具有法律效力的归类，应按品目条文和有关类注

或章注确定，如品目、类注或章注无其他规定，

则按以下规则确定。

规则二（一）品目所列货品，应视为包括该项货品的

不完整品或未制成品，只要在报验时该项

不完整品或未制成品具有完整品或制成

品的基本特征。还应视为包括该项货品的

完整品或制成品（或按本款规则可作为完

整品或制成品归类的货品）在报验时的未

组装件或拆散件。

（二）品目中所列材料或物质，应视为包括该

种材料或物质与其他材料或物质混合或

组合的物品。品目所列某种材料或物质构

成的货品，应视为包括全部或部分由该种

材料或物质构成的货品。由一种以上材料

或物质构成的货品，应按规则三归类。

规则三当货品按规则二（二）或由于其他原因看起来可归入两个或两个以上品目时，应按以下规则

归类：

（一）列名比较具体的品目，优先于列名一般

的品目。但是，如果两个或两个以上品目

都仅述及混合或组合货品所含的某部分

材料或物质，或零售的成套货品中的部分

货品，即使其中某个品目对该货品描述得

更为全面、详细，这些货品在有关品目的

列名应视为同样具体。

（二）混合物、不同材料构成或不同部件组成

的组合物以及零售的成套货品，如果不能

按照规则三（一）归类时，在本款可适用

的条件下，应按构成货品基本特征的材料或

部件归类。

（三）货品不能按照规则三（一）或（二）归

类时，应按号列顺序归入其可归入的最末

一个品目。

规则四根据上述规则无法归类的货品，应归入与其最相类似的货品的品目。

规则五除上述规则外，本规则适用于下列货品的归类：

（一）制成特殊形状，适用于盛装某一或某套物

品并适合长期使用的照像机套、乐器盒、

枪套、绘图仪器盒、项链盒及类似容器，

如果与所装物品同时报验，并通常与所装

GENERAL RULES FOR THE

INTERPRETA TION OF THE

HARMONIZED SYSTEM

Classification of goods in the nomenclature shall be governed by the following principles:

1. The titles of sections, Chapters and sub-Chapters are provided for ease of

reference only; for legal purposes, classification shall be determined according to the terms of the headings and any relative Section or Chapter Notes and Provided such headings or Notes do not otherwise require, according to the following provisions.

2. （a）Any reference in a heading to an article shall be taken to include a

reference to that article incomplete or unfinished, provided that, as

presented, the incomplete or unfinished article has the essential

character of the complete or finished article.it shall also be taken to

include a reference to that article complete or finished（or falling to be

classified as complete or finished by virtue of this Rule）, presented

unassembled or disassembled.

（b）Any reference in a heading to a material or substance shall be taken to include a reference to mixtures or combinations of that material or

substance with other materials or substances. Any reference to goods

of a given material or substance shall be taken to include a reference

to goods consisting wholly or partly of such material or substance. The

classification of goods consisting of more than one material or

substance shall be according to the principles of Rule 3.

3. When by application of Rule 2（b）or for any other reason, goods are, prima

facie, classifiable under two or more headings, classification shall be effected as follows:

（a）The heading which provides the most specific description shall be preferred to headings providing a more general description. However,

when two or more headings each refer to part only of the materials or

substances contained in mixed or composite goods or to part only of

the items in a set put up for retail sale, those headings are to be

regarded as equally specific in relation to those goods, even if one of

them gives a more complete or precise description of the goods.

（b）Mixtures, composite goods consisting of different materials or made up of different components, and goods put up in sets for retail sale, which

cannot be classified by reference to 3（a）, shall be classified as if they

consisted of the material or component which gives them their

essential character, insofar as this criterion is applicable.

（c）When goods cannot be classified by reference to 3（a）or 3（b）, they shall be classified under the heading which occurs last in numerical

order among those which equally merit consideration.

4. Goods which cannot be classified in accordance with the above rules shall

be classified under the heading appropriate to the goods to which they are most akin.

5. In addition to the foregoing provisions, the following rules shall apply in

respect of the goods referred to therein:

（a）Camera cases, musical instrument cases, gun cases, drawing instrument cases, necklace cases and similar containers, specially

shaped or fitted to contain a specific article or set of articles, suitable

for long-term use and presented with the articles for which they are

物品一同出售的，应与所装物品一并归

类。但本款不适用于本身构成整个货品基

本特征的容器。

（二）除规则五（一）规定的以外，与所装货品

同时报验的包装材料或包装容器，如果通

常是用来包装这类货品的，应与所装货品

一并归类。但明显可重复使用的包装材料

和包装容器不受本款限制。

规则六货品在某一品目项下各子目的法定归类，应按子目条文或有关的子目注释以及以上各条

规则（在必要的地方稍加修改后）来确定，但

子目的比较只能在同一数级上进行。除本税则

条文另有规定的以外，有关的类注、章注也适

用于本规则。

intended, shall be classified with such articles when of a kind normally

sold therewith. This rule does not, however, apply to containers which

give the whole its essential character.

（b）Subject to the provisions of rule 5（a）above, packing materials and packing containers presented with the goods therein shall be

classified with the goods if they are of a kind normally used for

packing such goods. However, this provision is not binding when such

packing materials or packing containers are clearly suitable for

repetitive use.

6. For legal purposes, the classification of goods in the subheadings of a

heading shall be determined according to the terms of those subheadings and any related Subheading Notes and, mutatis mutandis,to the above Rules, on the understanding that only subheadings at the same level are comparable. For the purposes of this rule the relative section and Chapter Notes also apply, unless the context otherwise requires.

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A (23)acid test ration 速动比率(酸性测试比率) A (24)acquisition 购置 A (25)acquisition accounting 收购会计 A (26)activity based accounting 作业基础成本计算A (27)adjusting events 调整事项 A (28)administrative expenses 行政管理费 A (29)advice note 发货通知 A (30)amortization 摊销 A (31)analytical review 分析性检查 A (32)annual equivalent cost 年度等量成本法 A (33)annual report and accounts 年度报告和报表A (34)appraisal cost 检验成本 A (35)appropriation account 盈余分配帐户 A (36)articles of association 公司章程细则 A (37)assets 资产 A (38)assets cover 资产保障 A (39)asset value per share 每股资产价值 A (40)associated company 联营公司 A (41)attainable standard 可达标准 A (42)attributable profit 可归属利润 A (43)audit 审计 A (44)audit report 审计报告

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Plane（电源层规则） Power Plane Connect Style：电源层连接类型规则 Power Plane Clearance：电源层安全间距规则 Polygon Connect Style：焊盘与覆铜连接类型规则TestPoint（测试点规则） Testpoint Style：测试点样式规则 TestPoint Usage：测试点使用规则 Manufacturing（工业规则） MinimumAnnularRing:焊盘铜环最小宽度规则，防止焊盘脱落。 Acute Angle：锐角限制规则 Hole Size：孔径限制规则 Layer Pairs：配对层设置规则，设定所有钻孔电气符号（焊盘和过孔）的起始层和终止层。 Hole To Hole Clearance：孔间间距 Minimum SolderMask Sliver:最小阻焊层裂口 Silkscreen Over Component Pads：丝印与元器件焊盘间距规则 Silk To Silk Clearance：丝印间距规则 Net Antennae：网络天线规则 High Speed（高频电路规则） ParallelSegment：平行铜膜线段间距限制规则

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专业技术职称中英文对照

专业技术职称中英文对照在改革开放的年代，各行各业都面临一个交流的问题，特别在国际交流中，以职称表明身份的场合很多，填表要填写头衔，看名片要印上职称，写信、会见、洽谈都需要抬出职称以表明身份，我们经常会遇到有关职务和其他职称的汉译英问题。为了更加准确的翻译技术职称，应遵循以下几条原则： 1、体现“国际性”，尽量遵循国际惯例。 2、体现“级别性”，高、中初级别类的要力争表达准确，不失我国评定职称的初衷。 3、“解释性翻译”，不要逐字硬译。 4、简短，一目了然。 5、该区别的予以区别。以下是我国各行业主要系列的高、中、初各级职称的翻译： 1、研究系列研究员researcher 副研究员associate professor 助理研究员research associate 2、大学教师系列教授professor 讲师lecturer 助教assistant 3、中等专业学校、技工学校教师系列

高级讲师senior lecturer 讲师lecturer 助理讲师assistant lecturer 教员teacher 4、中学教师系列中学高级教师senior teacher（middle school）中学一级教师first-grade teacher （middle school）5、小学教师系列小学高级教师senior teacher （primary school）小学一级教师first-grade teacher （primary school）6、工程技术系列教授级高级工程师professor 高级工程师senior engineer 工程师engineer 助理工程师assistant engineer 7、实验系列高级实验师senior experimentalist 实验师experimentalist 助理实验师assistant experimentalist 8、农业技术系列高级农艺师senior agronomist 农艺师agronomist 助理农艺师assistant agronomist 9、图书资料系列研究馆员professor of library science

SCI学科分类中英文对照

Anthropology 人类学； Area studies 地域研究； Business 商业； Business finance 商务金融； Communication 通信； Criminology & penology犯罪学与刑罚学； Cultural studies 文化研究； Demography 人口统计学； Economics 经济学； Education & educational research教育学和教育研究；Education special 特别教育学； Environmental studies 环境科学； Ergonomics人机工程学； Ethics 伦理学； Ethnic studies种族研究；； Family studies家庭研究； Geography 地理学； Gerontology 老年医学； Health policy & services健康策略与服务； History 历史学； History & philosophy science历史哲学科学； History of social science 历史社会科学； Hospitality leisure sport & tourism酒店休闲体育与旅游；Industrial relations & labor劳动关系学； Information science &library science信息科学与图书馆学；International relations国际关系学； Law 法学； Linguistics语言学；

Management管理学； Nursing护理学； Planning &development规划与发展学； Political science 政治学； Psychiatry 精神病学； Psychology applied应用心理学； Psychology biological生物心理学； Psychology clinical临床心理学； Psychology development 发育心理学； Psychology educational 教育心理学； Psychology experimental 试验心理学； Psychology mathematical 数学心理学； Psychology multidisciplinary 综合心理学； Psychology psychoanalysis 心理分析心理学； Psychology social 社会心理学； Public administration公共管理学； Public environmental &occupational health 公共环境与职业健康；Rehabilitation 康复学； Social issues 社会问题学； Social science biomedical生物社会科学 Social science interdisciplinary跨领域社会科学 Social science mathematical methods数理社会科学 Social work社会服务 Sociology社会科学 Substance abuse物质滥用 Transportation交通运输 Urban studies城市发展研究 Women’s studies妇女科学

专业名称中英文对照

公司企业常见部门名称英文翻译总公司 Head Office 分公司 Branch Office 营业部 Business Office 人事部 Personnel Department (人力资源部)Human Resources Department 总务部 General Affairs Department 财务部 General Accounting Department 销售部 Sales Department 促销部 Sales Promotion Department 国际部 International Department 出口部 Export Department 进口部 Import Department 公共关系 Public Relations Department 广告部 Advertising Department 企划部 Planning Department 产品开发部 Product Development Department 研发部 Research and Development Department(R&D) 秘书室 Secretarial Pool 交通标志专用名词中英对照警告标志 || Warning sign 禁令标志 || Prohibition sign 指示标志 || Mandatory sign 指路标志 || Guide sign 旅游标志 || Tourist sign 标线 || Marking 禁止超越线 || No-passing line 大型车 || Oversize vehicle 小型车 || Light-duty vehicle 自行车 || Bicycle 非机动车 || Non-motor vehicle 公共汽车 || Bus 机动车 || Motor vehicle 公共汽车优先 || Bus preemption，Bus priority 行车道 || Roadway,carriageway 超车道 || Overtaking lane 硬路肩/隔离墩 || Hard shoulder 国道 || National road

大学各专业课程中英文对照

大学各专业课程中英文对照 A开头的课程 ALGOL语言ALGOL Language BASIC & FORTRAN 语言BASIC Language & FORTRAN Language BASIC 语言BASIC Language BASIC 语言及应用BASIC Language & Application C 语言C Language C++程序设计C++ Program Designing CAD 概论Introduction to CAD CAD/CAM CAD/CAM CET-4 College English Test (Band 4) CET-6 College English Test (Band 6) COBOL语言COBOL Language COBOL语言程序设计COBOL Language Program Designing C与UNIX环境C Language & Unix Environment C语言科学计算方法Scientific Computation Method in C C语言与生物医学信息处理C Language & Biomedical Information Processing dBASE Ⅲ课程设计Course Exercise in dBASE Ⅲ FORTRAN 77 语言FORTRAN 77 Language FORTRAN语言FORTRAN Language FoxBase程序设计FoxBase Programming Hopf代数Hopf Algebra Hopf代数与代数群量子群Hopf Algebra , Algebraic Group and Qua ntum Group IBM-PC/XT Fundamentals of Microcomputer IBM-PC/XT IBM-PC微机原理Fundamentals of Microcomputer IBM-PC IBM汇编及高级语言的接口IBM Assembly & its Interfaces with Advanced Programming Languages Internet与Intranet技术Internet and Intranet Technology LSI设计基础Basic of LSI Designing OS/2操作系统OS/2 Operation System PASCAL大型作业PASCAL Wide Range Working PASCAL课程设计Course Exercise in PASCAL PASCAL语言PASCAL Language PC机原理Principle of PC Unix编程环境Unix Programming Environment Unix操作系统分析Analysis of Unix System VLSI的EDA技术EDA Techniques for VLSI VLSI技术与检测方法VLSI Techniques & Its Examination VLSI设计基础Basis of VLSI Design Windows系统Windows Operation System X光分析X-ray Analysis X射线金属学X-Ray & Metallography X射线与电镜X-ray & Electric Microscope Z-80汇编语言程序设计Z-80 Pragramming in Assembly Languages

工程专业术语中英文对照

CDB工程专业术语中英文对照(二）添加时间：2013-4-24 节流截止放空阀 2011-08-10 16:50:46| 分类：English | 标签：|字号大中小订阅六、仪表及自动控制通用描述 COMMON DESCRIPTION 设备名称Equipment Name 缩写 ABB. 分散控制系统Distributed Control System DCS 安全仪表系统Safety Instrumentation System SIS 紧急切断系统Emergency Shutdown system ESD 火气系统Fire and Gas system F&G 监视控制和数据采集系统 Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCADA 可编程逻辑控制器Programmed Logic Controller PLC 远程终端单元Remote Terminal Unit RTU 站控系统Station Control System SCS 中央控制室Central Control Room CCR 操作间Operation room 机柜间Equipment room/ Cabinet room 大屏显示系统Large Screen Display system LSD 流量类仪表 FLOW INSTRUMENT 设备名称Equipment Name 孔板Orifice Plate 文丘里流量计Venturi Flowmeter 均速管流量计Averaging Pitot Tube 阀式孔板节流装置 Orifice Plate in quick change fitting 涡轮流量计Turbine Flowmeter

各种专业名称英语词汇中英文对照表

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各种专业名称英语词汇中英文对照表哲学Phｉｌoｓopｈy 马克思主义哲学Philosophy of Mａrxism 中国哲学ＣhinesｅＰhｉlｏｓｏpｈy 外国哲学ForeiｇｎPhiloｓopｈｉes ?逻辑学Loｇiｃ?伦理学Ｅthiｃs 美学Ａｅstheｔics 宗教学Science of Rｅｌigiｏn?科学技术哲学Philｏsoｐhy ｏf SciencｅａnｄTecｈｎolｏgy?经济学Ecoｎｏｍiｃs?理论经济学ＴhｅoreｔicaｌＥcoｎomｉcs ?政治经济学PｏlｉticａｌＥconoｍy ?经济思想史History oｆEconｏｍｉc Thougｈt ?经济史Hｉstoｒy of Eｃonoｍｉc 西方经济学WesｔernＥcoｎoｍiｃs?世界经济World Economｉcs ?人口、资源与环境经济学Populａｔion,Rｅsｏurces ａnｄＥnｖiroｎmentaｌＥcoｎoｍｉcs 应用经济学Aｐpｌied Econｏmｉcs 国民经济学Natｉｏnal Economics?区域经济学Rｅgionａl Ｅconｏmics ?财政学（含税收学)Ｐublic Ｆｉnanｃe (incｌudiｎｇＴaxａtion) 金融学（含保险学) Fiｎance (incｌuｄing Inｓurａnce)?产业经济学Indusｔrial Economiｃs ?国际贸易学Ｉｎｔｅrｎatioｎal Trade 劳动经济学Laｂor Econoｍｉcs ?统计学Staｔｉｓtics ?数量经济学Quanｔita ｔive Eｃonoｍｉcs ?中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称国防经济学Nａtionａl Defense Economicｓ?法学Ｌaw 法学Ｓciｅｎce of Law ?法学理论Jurisｐrudeｎcｅ?法律史Legal Hiｓtory ?宪法学与行政法学Ｃoｎstituｔｉｏnal Law aｎd Adｍｉnistrative Law 刑法学Criｍiｎal Jurisｐruｄeｎｃe 民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学）Civil Ｌaw and Commｅｒｃial Lａw （i ｎｃlｕdiｎg Sciｅnce ｏf LaｂouｒLawａnd Ｓcience oｆＳｏcial Ｓec ｕrｉtｙLaw）?诉讼法学Scｉeｎce of PｒｏｃedurｅLａｗs ?经济法学Sc ｉeｎce oｆＥｃonomic Law ?环境与资源保护法学Science oｆEｎvirｏnｍent anｄNatuｒal Rｅsｏuｒｃｅs Ｐrotection Law 国际法学（含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、）Ｉntｅｒnaｔionaｌlaw （includiｎg Inｔerｎatiｏnａl Public lａw, Intｅrnaｔiｏnal PｒivａtｅLaw a

海牙规则中英对照

International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law relating to Bills of Lading ("Hague Rules"), and Protocol of Signature (Brussels, 25 August 1924) 统一提单的若干法律规则的国际公约——海牙规则 Article 1 In this Convention the following words are employed with the meanings set out below: (a) "Carrier" includes the owner or the charterer who enters into a contract of carriage with a shipper. (b) "Contract of carriage" applies only to contracts of carriage covered by a bill of lading or any similar document of title, in so far as such document relates to the carriage of goods by sea, including any bill of lading or any similar document as aforesaid issued under or pursuant to a charter party from the moment at which such bill of lading or similar document of title regulates the relations between a carrier and a holder of the same. (c) "Goods" includes goods, wares, merchandise and articles of every kind whatsoever except live animals and cargo which by the contract of carriage in stated as being carried on deck and is so carried. (d) "Ship" means any vessel used for the carriage of goods by sea. (e) "Carriage of goods" covers the period from the time when the goods are loaded on to the time they are discharged from the ship. 第一条本公约所用下列各词，涵义如下： (a) “承运人”包括与托运人订有运输合同的船舶所有人或租船人。 (b) “运输合同”仅适用于以提单或任何类似的物权凭证进行有关海上货物运输的合同；在租船合同下或根据租船合同所签发的提单或任何物权凭证，在它们成为制约承运人与凭证持有人之间的关系准则时，也包括在内。 (c) “货物”包括货物、制品、商品和任何种类的物品，但活牲畜以及在运输合同上载明装载于舱面上并且已经这样装运的货物除外。 (d) “船舶”是指用于海上货物运输的任何船舶。 (e) “货物运输”是指自货物装上船时起，至卸下船时止的一段期间。 Article 2 Subject to the provisions of Article 6, under every contract of carriage of goods by sea the carrier, in relation to the loading, handling, stowage, carriage, custody, care and discharge of such goods, shall be subject to the responsibilities and liabilities, and entitled to the rights and immunities hereinafter set forth. 第二条除遵照第六条规定外，每个海上货物运输合同的承运人，对有关货物的装载、搬运、积载、运送、保管、