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affect-effect-influence的区别

affect-effect-influence的区别
affect-effect-influence的区别

affect /influence/effect 这三个词都有“影响”之义。

affect 表示“影响”,指产生一种足以引起反应的影响,它有时只表示“对…发生影响”,不含有好坏的意思;有时表示“对…发生不良影响”。例如:

Smoking affects health. 吸烟影响健康。

Reading in bed has affected his eye-sight. 躺在床上看书,影响了他的视力。

Some plants are quickly affected by cold. 有些植物很快受到寒冷的的影响。

influence表示“影响”、“感染”,是指思想、行为、性质或发展和成长等发生变化的影响。它可以指坏的影响,也可以指好的影响,这种影响常是潜移默化。例如:

This example has great influence upon(on) young people. 这个榜样对青年人有很大影响。The weather influenced the crops. 天气影响农作物。

effect作为名词,表示“影响”、“效果”、“结果”。例如:

The medicine had no effect on him. 这药对他无效。

Study the cause and effect of the matter. 要研究该问题的因果关系。

affect是一个动词,意思是“对……有影响”或“给……带来变化”。

例如:Does second hand smoke affect the health of all of us?

effect有时也可以作动词用,意为“执行”。

例如:Only the president can effect such a change.

但是,effect在大多数情况下都被用作名词,意为“结果”。

例如:The drug did not affect the disease, and it had several adverse side effects.

一个简便的原则就是如果你需要一个动词的话,十之八九选用affect,如果需要一个名词,则通常使用effect.

affect vt.①影响②打动,感动③(疾病)侵袭

词汇辨析affect,effect,influence:

affect常用作动词,effect常用作名词(意为“影响”):to affect sth.=to have an effect on sth. influence指通过行动、榜样等对他人产生潜移默化的影响或作用,注重“影响”的结果。

记忆方法形似词:effect n.影响;effort n.努力

词根记忆af(使)+fect(做)→使人做→影响

effect 43 n.①结果②效果,作用vt.产生,招致

经典例句The effect speaks, the tongue needs not.事实胜于雄辩。

考点提要in effect = in fact 实际上;take effect = come into force 实施,生效;to that effect 大意如此

记忆方法fect(作用)→affect v.影响;effect n.影响

词根记忆ef(出)+fect(做)→做出来→生效,效果

affect

[观察] 阅读下列各句,观察affect在句中的用法。

1. The amount of the rain affected the growth of the crops.

2. My throat is affected by a cold.

3. The story affected us deeply.

[点拨] affect vt. 影响, 如:句1;(疾病)侵袭,如:句2;感动,如:句3。

[辨析] affect 当“影响”讲时,是及物动词=have an effect on,宾语为被影响的事物;

effect 当“影响,效果,结果”讲时,是名词;用作动词时,意为“产生,引起”=produce。[小试] 用affect或effect 的适当形式填空。

1. All the people in the room ______ to tears.

2. The war and the ______ it caused ______ him a great deal.

3. Reading in bed ______ his eyesight.

4. The film had quite an ______ on her.

5. The war ______ changes all over the world.

Key:

1. were affected

2. effects; affected

3. affected

4. effect

5. effected

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