陕西省咸阳市实验中学2019-2020高二下学期第一次月考英语试卷Word版

英语试题

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.本试卷满分 150 分，考试总用时 120 分钟。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）

听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Italy

I t a l y—w h i c h h a s w it n e ss e d t h e s eco nd h i g h e s t nu m b e r o f C OV I D-19d ea t h s a ft e r t h e U n it e d S t a t e s—b ega n lifti n g s o m e l oc kd o w n m ea s u r e s o n A p r il14.I t a l y w a s t h e fi r s t co un t r y t o l oc kd o w n i n E u r o p e b u t h a s s ee n a r ece n t d ec li n e i n t h e t o t a l n e w d a il y c a s e s.

N o w,s o m e e s t a b li s h m e n t s,s u c h a s b oo k s t o r e s a nd c h il d r e n's c l o t h i n g s t o r e s,h ave b ee n a ll o w e d t o o p e n und e r t h e co nd iti o n t h a t c u s t o m e r s w ea r p r o t ec ti ve m a s k s a nd g l ove s.T h e s e bu s i n e ss e s m u s t e n f o r ce s oc i a l d i s t a n c i n g a nd s a n iti z e t h e i r s h o p s t w i ce a d ay.

Spain

T h i s w ee k,a n e s ti m a t e d300,000n o n-e ss e n ti a l e m p l oyee s w e n t b ac k t o w o r k i n t h e M a d r i d r eg i o n,a s

Sp a i n lift e d s o m e o f it s l oc kd o w n m ea s u r e s w h i c h h ave b ee n i n p l ace s i n ce M a r c h15. C u rr e n tl y,t h e l oc kd o w n w ill r e m a i n i n p l ace un til A p r il26bu t co u l d b e ex t e nd e d.M ea n w h il e, t h e p o li ce a r e d i s t r i bu ti n g m o r e t h a n10 m illi o n f ace m a s k s t o t h o s e i nd i v i du a l s r e t u r n i n g t o w o r k.

Austria

G a r d e n ce n t e r s a nd s m a ll s t o r e s h ave r eo p e n e d i n A u s t r i a bu t c u s t o m e r s a r e r e qu i r e d t o co n ti nu e s oc i a l d i s t a n c i n g a nd m u s t w ea r m a s k s.

A ft e r I t a l y,A u s t r i a w a s t h e fi r s t E u r o p ea n co un t r y t o t a k e l oc kd o w n m ea s u r e s.N o w,it's o n e o f t h e fi r s t E u r o p ea n co un t r i e s t o l ift l oc kd o w n m ea s u r e s.

Denmark

O n M a r c h12,t h e g ove r n m e n t l i m it e d g a t h e r i n g s,i n c r ea s e d t e s ti n g a nd s a n iti z i n g e ff o r t s.

N o w,c h il d r e n h ave r e t u r n e d t o s c h oo l s a nd s o m e c hu r c h e s w e r e o p e n e d f o r E a s t e r l a s t w ee k e nd. A ll l a r ge ga t h e r i n g s a nd f e s ti va l s,h o w eve r,r e m a i n c a n ce l e d u n til t h e e nd o f A u g u s t.

21.A cco r d i n g t o t h e p a ss age,w h i c h o f t h e f o ll o w i n g s t a t e m e n t s i s t r u e?

A.B oo k s t o r e s h ave b ee n a ll o w e d t o o p e n u n co nd iti o n a ll y i n I t a l y.

B.A u s t r i a w a s t h e f i r s t E u r o p ea n c o un t r y t o t a k e l oc kd o w n m ea s u r e s.

C.S o m e l a r ge g a t h e r i n g s c a n b e h e l d b e f o r e t h e e nd o f A u g u s t i n D e n m a r k.

D.A l a r ge n u m b e r o f f ace m a s k s w ill b e h a nd e d o u t t o p eo p l e r e t u r n i n g t o w o r k i n S p a i n.

22.W h a t d oe s t h e w o r d“lift”i n t h e p a ss age m ea n?

A.P i c k u p

B.r e m ove

C.r a i s e

D.i n c r ea s e

23.T h e p a ss age i s p r o b a b l y t a k e n f r o m_______

A.a r e s ea r c h p a p e r

B.a g u i d e b oo k

C.a n e w s r e p o r t

D.a w e b s it e

B

W h y d o p eo p l e s p e nd s o m u c h m o n ey o n f a s h i o n?D o t h ey w a n t t o c r ea t e a n i m age o r m a k e sure t hey are n ot o ld-fashioned? D o p eople r eally j udge e ach o ther b y t he c lothes t hey w ear?

T h e b illi o n-d o ll a r f a s h i o n i ndu s t r y ce r t a i n l y t r i e s t o co n v i n ce co n s u m e r s t h a t s u c h j ud g m e n t s a r e m a d e.

P o ss i b l y,t h ey m ay b e r i g h t.A r ece n t s t ud y u s i n g e l e m e n t a r y s c h oo l s t ud e n t s w a s i n t e r e s ti n g. T h ey s a i d t h a t p eo p l e w ea r i n g C a l v i n K l e i n d e s i g n e r j ea n s w e r e m o r e h a nd s o m e a nd s u cce ss f u l t h a n t h o s e w ea r i n g W r a n g l e r s.L ev i's-w ea r e r s w e r e s ee n a s s p o r t y,f a s h i o n a b l e a nd f un!

O b v i o u s l y w e l ea r n ea r l y t h a t“C l o t h e s m a k e t h e m a n.”I n o t h e r w o r d s,c l o t h e s s h o w age, o u tl oo k,s t a t u s a nd i n co m e.H o w eve r,c l o t h e s t h a t l oo k g r ea t o n p r o f e ss i o n a l m o d e l s m ay l oo k

t e rr i b l e o n t h e a ve r age b u ye r s.

A l t h o u g h b ea u t i f u l c l o t h e s d o n't h e l p p h y s i ca ll y,t h ey a r e i m p o r t a n t f o r s oc i a l a nd p s yc h o l og i ca l e ff ec t s.E x p e n s i ve

c l o t h e s c a n m a k e t h e w ea r e r f ee l l i k e p a r t o f t h e h i g h s t a t u s g r o up t h a t s e t s t a s t e a n

d s t y l e.S o y o u a r

e b u y i n g a n i m age o

f s u cce ss.

Y o u m ay r ea ll y l i ve a r o u t i n e l i f e,w a k i n g u p i n t h e m o r n i n g f ee li n g d u ll a nd o r d i n a r y.B u t w h e n y o u d r e ss i n t h e s e e x p e n s i ve c l o t h e s,y o u r m oo d b r i g h t e n s.Y o u f ee l goo d,r ea d y t o f ace a n o t h e r d ay w i t h e n e r gy.S o und c r a z y?P eo p l e w h o l ove c l o t h e s s ay i t's t r u e.

O f co u r s e,a l o t o f p eo p l e d o n't li k e h i g h f a s h i o n.T h ey'd r a t h e r s p e nd t h e i r m o n ey o n s o m e t h i n g p r ac ti ca l.I n t h e i r o p i n i o n,w h e n p eo p l e b li nd l y f o ll o w t h e t r e nd o n l y t o s h o w o ff,t h e pu r s u it o f f a s h i o n w ill b eco m e t h e p u r s u it o f l u x u r y,w h i c h w ill b e a w a s t e o f r e s o u r ce s.

24.A cco r d i n g t o t h e p a ss age,t h e m a i n r ea s o n w h y p eo p l e s p e nd m u c h m o n ey o n f a s h i o n i s t h a t_.

A.t h ey j u s t w a n t t o k ee p u p w it h t h e l a t e s t f a s h i o n

B.they r eally j udge e ach o ther b y t he c lothes t hey w ear

C.t h e f a s h i o n i ndu s t r y l ea d t h e m t o c o n s u m e m o r e o n f a s h i o n

D.it i s h u m a n n a t u r e t o b u y m o r e a nd m a k e t h e m s e l ve s b ea u tif u l

25.W h a t d oe s“C l o t h e s m a k e t h e m a n”m ea n i n t h e p a ss age?

A.T h e m a n o ft e n m a k e s c l o t h e s.

B.M a n y p eo p l e l i k e o t h e r s b y t h e w ay t h ey d r e ss.

C.B e i n g g oo d-l oo k i n g m ay p o ss i b l y m a k e a p e r s o n f ee l b e tt e r.

D.In m o s t c a s e s,t h e i m p r e ss i o n o f y o u i s d e t e r m i n e d b y y o u r c l o t h e s.

26.W h i c h o f t h e f o ll o w i n g s t a t e m e n t i s N O T t r u e?

A.G o i n g a ft e r t h e l a t e s t f a s h i o n b li nd l y w ill b e a w a s t e o f r e s o u r ce s.

B.C l o t h e s l oo k i n g g r ea t o n m o d e l s m ay b e u g l y o n t h e a ve r age b u ye r s.

C.P eo p l e w h o l ove c l o t h e s s ay t h a t e x p e n s i ve c l o t h e s b r i g h t e n t h e i r m oo d.

D.B ea u tif u l

c l o t h e s h ave i m p o r t a n t s oc i a l a n

d p s yc h o l og i ca l

e f

f ec t s o n a ll.

27.T h e a u t h o r's a ttit ud e t o w a r d s f a s h i o n i s____________ _.

A.p o s iti ve

B.n e u t r a l

C.c r iti ca l

D.n ega ti ve

C

A p r il23i s t h e25t h W o r l d

B oo k a nd

C o p y r i g h t

D ay.T h e C h i n e s e A ca d e m y o f p r e ss a nd p ub li ca t i o n h a s r e l ea s e d

t h e17t h n a t i o n a l r ea d i n g s u r vey.T h e a nnu a l n a t i o n a l r ea d i n g s u r vey s h o w s p eo p l e's r ea d i n g h a b i t s h ave b a r e l y c h a n ge d o ve r

t h e p a s t s eve r a l y ea r s.T h e s u r vey s ay s a b o u t59p e r ce n t o f t h e a du l t s i n C h i n a r ea d b oo k s,w i t h o n e a du l t,o n a ve r age,r ea d i n g4-5

b oo k s a y ea r.T h i s m ea n s a l a r ge nu m b e r o f p eo p l e d o n't r ea d,a nd t h o s e w h o d o s o r ea d o n l y a f e w b oo k s a y ea r.

A n e qu a ll y w o rr y i n g f ac t i s t h a t e ve n s t ud e n t s,t ee n age r s i n p a r ti c u l a r,s ee m t o b e a vo i d i n g b oo k s a s t h ey s p e nd m o r e t i m e a nd e n e r gy s w i p i n g t h r o u g h v i d eo s.

T h e r e a r e m a n y r ea s o n s w h y f e w e r p eo p l e t o d ay r ea d b oo k s.T o b eg i n w it h,g i ve n t h e f a s t-c h a n g i n g s oc i a l a t m o s ph e r e,m a n y p eo p l e t o d ay t e nd t o s p e nd ti m e o n h o bb i e s r a t h e r t h a n r ea d i n g.I n a dd iti o n,m a n y

s e n i o r f a m il y m e m b e r s h ave b eco m e i nd iff e r e n t t o r ea d i n g,t h e r e b y f a ili n g t o i n c u l ca t e(灌输)t h e l ove f o r b oo k s a m o n g t h e i r c h il d r e n a nd g r a nd c h il d r e n.S o s e n i o r f a m il y m e m b e r s,p a r e n t s i n p a r ti c u l a r,s h o u l d c r ea t e a n

a t m o s ph e r e t h a t w o u l d p r o m p t t h e i r c h il d r e n t o r ea d

b oo k s.T h e l a

c k o f pub li c li b r a r i e s,t oo,m i g h t b e

r e s p o n s i b l e f o r t h e f a lli n g nu m b e r o f r ea d e r s.F o r e xa m p l e,C h i n a h a s l e ss t h a n3,300p ub li c l i b r a r i e s,c o m p a r e d

w it h m o r e t h a n160,000i n t h e U n it e d S t a t e s.A nd un li k e co un t r i e s s u c h a s t h e U S a nd B r it a i n w h i c h

p r o m o t e r ea d i n g a m o n g co mm un iti e s,C h i n a l ac k s a w e ll-e s t a b li s h e d pub li c s e r v i ce s y s t e m t o p r ov i d e b oo k s f o r r ea d e r s.

T o e n co u r age m o r e p eo p l e t o r ea d b oo k s,n e w s p a p e r s a nd m aga z i n e s,gove r n m e n t s a t a ll l eve l s s h o u l d i m p r ove t h e ex i s ti n g pub li c li b r a r i e s,e s p ec i a ll y i n r u r a l a r ea s,a nd s e t up co mm un it y b oo k s t o r e s.P l u s,t h e gove r n m e n t s h o u l d t a k e m ea s u r e s t o e du ca t e t h e pub li c a b o u t t h e a d va n t age s o f s e r i o u s r ea d i n g.P ub li s h i n g h o u s e s s h o u l d f oc u s o n p r i n ti n g b oo k s t h a t a r e goo d b o t h i n co n t e n t a nd p r o du c ti o n va l u e t o a tt r ac t m o r e p eo p l e t o b oo k s.S c h oo l s h o u l d a l s o s e t up f o und a ti o n s t h a t ca n r eco mm e nd va l u a b l e b oo k s t o s t ud e n t s.M o r eove r,gove r n m e n t d e p a r t m e n t s co u l d s e t s o m e s p ec i a l d ay s f o r t h e m e-b a s e d r ea d i n g i n o r d e r t o e n co u r age m o r e p eo p l e t o r ea d b oo k s.

28.W h i c h s t a t e m e n t d o y o u a g r ee a b o u t t h e n a ti o n a l s u r vey?

A.M o s t a du lt s r ea d4o r5b oo k s m o n t h l y.

B.A du lt s a r e m o r e i n t e r e s t e d i n w a t c h i n g v i d eo s.

C.S t ud e n t s t e nd t o s p e nd l e ss t i m e r ea d i n g b oo k s.

D.A du lt s r ea d b u t j u s t c ove r a f e w b oo k s a nnu a ll y.

29.W h y d o p eo p l e r ea d f e w e r b oo k s t o d ay?

A.T h ey t e nd t o r ea d m o r e o n li n e a r ti c l e s.

B.T h ey p ay m o r e a tt e n ti o n t o t h e i r w o r k.

C.M o r e p a r e n t s d o n't h ave t h e a b ilit y t o r ea d.

D.T h e r e i s a l ac k o f r ea d i n g a t m o s ph e r e a nd p ub li c l i b r a r i e s.

30.W h a t d oe s t h e a u t h o r i n t e nd t o d o i n p a r ag r a ph4?

A.T o g i ve a d v i ce o n c o n t e n t s t o p ub li s h e r s.

B.T o p r e s e n t r ea d i n g a c ti v iti e s t o s t ud e n t s.

C.T o l i s t w ay s o f p r o m o ti n g r ea d i n g b oo k s.

D.T o p r ove t h e i m p o r t a n ce o f r ea d i n g b oo k s.

31.W h a t c a n b e t h e s u it a b l e t itl e f o r t h e t ex t?

A.T h e B e n e fit s o f R ea d i n g.

B.T h e R ea s o n s f o r R ea d i n g l e ss.

C.T h r ee W ay s t o R ea d M o r e B oo k s.

D.A n A pp ea l f o r R ea d i n g M o r e B oo k s.

D

I f w e w a n t a f a i r s h o t a t t r a n s iti o n i n g t o r e n e w a b l e e n e r gy,w e'll n ee d o n e c r iti ca l t h i n g: t ec hn o l og i e s t h a t c a n

c h a n ge e l ec t r i c it y f r o m w i n

d a nd s un i n t o a c h

e m i ca l

f u e l f o r s t o r age a nd v i ce v e r s a（反之亦然）.C o mm e r c i a l

d ev i c

e s t h a t d o t h i s e x i s t,b u t m o s t a r e c o s tl y a nd p e r

f o r m o n l y h a lf o f t h e e x p ec t a ti o n.N o w,r e s ea r c h e r s h ave c r ea t e d s m a ll l a b-s ca l e d ev i ce s t h a t d o b o t h j o b s.I f l a r ge r v e r s i o n s w o r k a s w e ll,t h ey w o u l d h e l p m a k e i t p o ss i b l e---a t l ea s t m o r e a ff o r d a b l e—t o r un t h e w o r l d o n r e n e w a b l e s.

T h e m a r k e t f o r s u c h t ec hn o l og i e s h a s g r o w n a l o n g w it h r e n e w a b l e s:I n2007,s o l a r a nd w i nd p r ov i d e d j u s t0.8%o f a ll p o w e r i n t h e U n it e d S t a t e s:i n2017,t h a t nu m b e r w a s8%, acco r d i n g t o t h e U.S.

E n e r gy I n f o r m a ti o n A d m i n i s t r a ti o n.B u t t h e d e m a nd f o r e l ec t r i c it y o ft e n d oe s n't m a t c h t h e s upp l y f r o m s o l a r a nd w i nd.I n s unn y C a lif o r n i a,f o r exa m p l e,s o l a r p a n e l s r eg u l a r l y p r o du ce m o r e p o w e r t h a n n ee d e d i n t h e m i dd l e o f t h e d ay,b u t n o n e a t n i g h t,a ft e r m o s t w o r k e r s a nd s t ud e n t s r e t u r n h o m e.

S o m e co m p a n i e s a r e b eg i nn i n g t o i n s t a ll m a ss i ve r o w s o f b a tt e r i e s i n h o p e s o f s t o r i n g ex t r a e n e r gy a nd b a l a n c i n g t h e fi n a n c i a l s h ee t.B u t b a tt e r i e s a r e co s tl y a nd s t o r e o n l y e n o u g h e n e r gy t o b ac k up t h e p o w e r s y s t e m f o r

a f e w h o u r s a t m o s t.A n o t h e r o p ti o n i s t o s t o r e t h e e n e r gy

b y

t r a n s f o r m i n g it i n t o h y d r oge n f u e l.D ev i ce s ca ll e d e l ec t r o l y z e r s（电解器）d o t h i s b y u s i n g e l ec t r i c it y—i d ea ll y f r o m s o l a r a nd w i nd p o w e r—t o b r ea k d o w n w a t e r i n t o oxyge n a nd h y d r oge n ga s,a ca r b o n-f r ee f u e l.A s eco nd s e t o f d ev i ce s ca ll e d f u e l ce ll s ca n t h e n t r a n s f o r m t h a t h y d r oge n b ac k t o e l ec t r i c it y t o p o w e r ca r s, t r u c k s,a nd bu s e s,o r t o f ee d it t o t h e p o w e r s y s t e m. B u t co mm e r c i a l e l ec t r o l y z e r s a nd f u e l ce ll s u s e d iff e r e n t ca t a l y s t s(催化剂)t o s p ee d up t h e t w o r eac ti o n s,m ea n i n g a s i n g l e d ev i ce ca n't d o b o t h j o b s.T h e r e s ea r c h e r s m u s t co nqu e r t h i s.

"T h ey d i d a r ea ll y g oo d j o b w i t h t h a t"s ay s S o ss i n a H a il e,a c h e m i s t a t N o r t h w e s t e r n U n i ve r s i t y i n E va n s t o n.S t ill,s h e h o l d s a c a u t i o u s v i e w t h a t b o t h h e r n e w d ev i ce a nd t h e o n e f r o m t h e O'H ay r e l a b a r e s m a ll l a b o r a t o r y d e m o n s t r a t i o n s.F o r t h e t ec hn o l ogy t o h ave a s oc i e t a l i m p ac t,r e s ea r c h e r s w ill n ee d t o s ca l e u p t h e b u tt o n-s i z e d ev i ce s,a p r oce ss t h a t t y p i ca ll y r e du ce s p e r f o r m a n ce.

32.W h a t c a n w e l ea r n a b o u t t h e n e w d ev i ce f r o m t h e f i r s t p a r ag r a ph?

A.I t s u n i ve r s a l u s e r e m a i n s t o b e s ee n.

B.I t i s m o r e e x p e n s i ve b u t m o r e p r ac ti ca l.

C.I t c a n t r a n s f o r m m o r e r e n e w a b l e e n e r gy.

D.I t i s t h e m o s t a d va n ce d a r o und t h e w o r l d.

33.W h a t d oe s p a r ag r a ph2m a i n l y t a l k a b o u t?

A.T h e r a p i d d eve l o p m e n t o f A m e r i ca n t ec hn o l og i e s.

B.T h e p o t e n ti a l m a r k e t f o r e n e r gy t r a n s f o r m a ti o n t ec hn o l og i e s.

C.T h e h i s t o r y o f e n e r gy t r a n s f o r m a ti o n t ec hn o l og i e s.

D.T h e l ac k o f p o w e r i n C a lif o r n i a.

34.W h a t d oe s t h e u nd e r li n e d w o r d“t h i s”p r o b a b l y r e f e r t o i n p a r ag r a ph3?

A.t r a n s f o r m i n g e n e r gy i n t o h y d r oge n f u e l

B.t r a n s f o r m i n g

h y d r oge n b ac k t o e l ec t r i c it y C.b r ea k i n g d o w n w a t e r i n t o

oxyge n a nd h y d r oge n g a s

D.u s i n g d iff e r e n t c a t a l y s t s t o s p ee d u p t h e t w o r eac ti o n s 35.W h a t m ay t h e

r e s ea r c h e r s f oc u s o n n ex t?

A.L e ss e n i n g c o s tl y b a tt e r i e s.

B.I n c r ea s i n g t h e e ffi c i e n cy o f t h e t w o r eac ti o n s.

C.L oo k i n g f o r o n e

s h a r e d c a t a l y s t s f o r t h e t w o r eac ti o n s.

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