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专四模拟试题(完型篇)附答案详解

A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital

divide--the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that __1__ does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less __2__ then, however, were the new, positive __3__ that work against the digital divide.

__4__,there are reasons to be __5__.

There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more __6__, it is in the interest of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential __7__ there are. More and more __8__, afraid their countries will be left __9__, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be __10__ together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will __11__ rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for __12__ world poverty that we’ve ever had.

Of course, the use of the Internet isn’t the only way to __13__ poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has __14__ potential.

To __15__ advantage of this tool, some poor countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices __16__ respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is a/an __17__ of their sovereignty might well study the history of __18__ (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United

States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn’t have the capital to do so. And that is __19__ America’s Second Wave infrastructure-__20__ roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment.

__1. A) divide B) information C) world D) lecture

__2. A) obscure B) visible C) invisible D) indistinct

__3. A) forces B) obstacles C) events D) surprises

__4. A) Seriously B) Entirely C) Actually D) Continuously

__5. A) negative B) optimistic C) pleasant D) disappointed

__6. A) developed B) centralized C) realized D) commercialized

__7. A) users B) producers C) customers D) citizens

__8. A) enterprises B) governments C) officials D) customers

__9. A) away B) for C) aside D) behind

__10. A) netted B) worked C) put D) organized

__11. A) decrease B) narrow C) neglect D) low

__12. A) containing B) preventing C) keeping D) combating

__13. A) win B) detail C) defeat D) fear

__14. A) enormous B) countless C) numerical D) big

__15. A) bring B) keep C) hold D) take

__16. A) at B) with C) of D) for

__17. A) offence B) investment C) invasion D) insult

__18. A) construction B) facility C) infrastructure D) institution

__19. A) why B) where C) when D) how

__20. A) concerning B) concluding C) according D) including

参考答案：

由文中第一行的digital divide得出答案。

obscure模糊的，不清楚的；visible看得见的，明显的；invisible 看不见的；indistinct不清楚的，模糊的。空格前的less已有否定意义force力量，武力；obstacle障碍；event事件；surprise惊奇，诧异。句意：现在有新的、乐观的力量来对抗数字鸿沟。

seriously认真地；entirely完全的；actually实际上；continuously 连续地。

negative消极的；optimistic乐观的；pleasant令人愉快的；disappointed令人失望的。前文说有积极的力量在对抗数字鸿沟的不利因素，因此，实际上我们有理由保持乐观的态度。

develop发展；centralize集中；realize认识到；commercialize使商业化，由下文“网络有利于商业途径的普及”，可知此处表述的意思是网络越来越商业化。in the interest of...为了...的利益

user使用者；producer生产者；customer消费者；citizen公民。句意：越多的人上网就有越多的潜在消费者。

enterprise企业，事业；government政府；official官员；句意：越来越多的政府害怕他们的国家...

leave behind 留下，超过

与leave相关的短语：leave aside把某事搁置一边

leave out 省去，遗漏，不考虑

leave off 停止，不再穿

网络把人们联系在一起，选netted

decrease减少，narrow变窄；neglect忽视，疏忽；low降低句意：因此，我现在认为数字鸿沟是在变窄而不是在拓宽

contain包含，容纳；prevent防止，阻止；keep保留，保持；combat 战斗，搏斗

win赢得；detail详述，细说；defeat击败，战胜；fear畏惧。

enormous巨大的；countless无数的；numerical数字的。potential 作名词为不可数，不能用countless修饰，big一般表示尺寸、数字、范围上的大。

take advantage of 利用

with respect to 关于，至于with也可换成in.表示关于的还有with regard to,concerning等。

offence冒犯；investment投资；invasion入侵；insult侮辱

construction建筑；facility设备；infrastructure基础设施；institution 公共机构，制度。从后文中出现的infrastructure可以轻易得到答案。

表语从句，表示原因，“这也就是为什么...”

concerning关于；concluding结束的；according根据；including包括

writers on the subject have explored this __1__—indeed, contradiction—which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the __2__ to put computers in the classroom.

An education that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is

a/an __3__ education, justified for reasons radically different from why education is __4__ required by law. It is not simply to __5__ everyone’s job prospects that all children are legally __6__ to attend school into their , we have a certain __7__ of the American citizen,a character who is __8__ if he cannot competently assess __9__ his livelihood and happiness are affected by things __10__ of himself.

But this was not always the case; before it was legally required for all children to attend school until a certain __11__, it was widely accepted that some were just not equipped __12__ nature to pursue this kind of optimism characteristic of all industrialized countries, we came to accept that everyone is __13__ to be educated. Computer-education advocates __14__ this optimistic notion for a pessimism that __15__ their otherwise cheery outlook. __16__ on the confusion between educational and vocational reasons for bringing computers into schools,

computer-education advocates often __17__ the job prospects of graduates over their educational __18__.

There are some good arguments for a technical education given the right kind of student. Many European schools __19__ the concept of

professional training early on in order to make sure children are __20__ equipped for the professions they want to join.

1.[A]distinction [B]topic [C]separation [D]education

2.[A]campaign [B]practice [C]action [D]goal

3.[A]informal [B]basic [C]technical [D]expensive

4.[A]differently [B]universally [C]conversely [D]regularly

5.[A]form [B]consist [C]arise [D]raise

6.[A]ordered [B]inquired [C]required [D]acquired

7.[A]conception [B]information [C]theme [D]imagination

8.[A]complete [B]accomplished [C]incomplete [D]improper

9.[A]why [B]what [C]where [D]how

10.[A]inside [B]outside [C]beside [D]aside

11.[A]year [B]age [C]day [D]extent

12.[A]in [B]at [C]by [D]with

13.[A]fit [B]responsible [C]suitable [D]able

14.[A]consider [B]forget [C]forsake [D]foretell

15.[A]believes [B]becomes [C]bears [D]betrays

16.[A]Encountering [B]Banking [C]Devising [D]Seeking

17.[A]emphasize [B]encourage [C]engage [D]enlarge

18.[A]academy [B]position [C]degree [D]achievement

19.[A]interact [B]introduce [C]announce [D]invent

20.[A]traditionally [B]drastically [C]properly [D]hardly

答案：1~5 AACBD 6~10 CACDB

11~15 BCACD 16~20 AADBC

Have you ever wondered what our future is likePractically all people _1_ a desire to predict their future people seem inclined to _3_ this task using causal we _4_ recognize that future circumstances are _5_ caused or conditioned by present learn that getting an education will _6_ how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy _7_ with a shark.

Second,people also learn that such _8_ of cause and effect are probabilistic(可能的) in is,the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are _9_, but not ,students learn that studying hard _10_ good grades in most instances,but not every makes these concepts of causality and probability more _11_ and provides techniques for dealing _12_ then more accurately than does causal human looking at ordinary human inquiry,we need to _13_ between prediction and ,even if we don't understand why,we are willing to act _14_ the basis of a demonstrated predictive ability.

Whatever the primitive drives _15_ motivate human beings,satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to _16_ future attempt to predict is often played in a _17_ of knowledge and you can understand why certain regular patterns

_18_,you can predict better than if you simply observe those ,human inquiry aims _19_ answering both "what" and "why" question,and we pursue these _20_ by observing and figuring out.

1. [A]exhibit [B]exaggerate [C]examine [D]exceed

2. [A]contexts [B]circumstances [C]inspections [D]intuitions

3.[A]underestimate [B]undermine [C]undertake [D]undergo

4. [A]specially [B]particularly [C]always [D]generally

5. [A]somehow [B]somebody [C]someone [D]something

6. [A]enact [B]affect [C]reflect [D]inflect

7. [A]meeting [B]occurrence [C]encounter [D]contact

8. [A]patterns [B]designs [C]arrangements[D]pictures

9. [A]disappointde [B]absent [C]inadequate [D]absolute

10.[A]creates [B]produces [C]loses [D]protects

11.[A]obscure [B]indistinct [C]explicit [D]explosive

12.[A]for [B]at [C]in [D]with

13.[A]distinguish [B]distinct [C]distort [D]distract

14.[A]at [B]on [C]to [D]under

15.[A]why [B]how [C]that [D]where

16.[A]predict [B]produce [C]pretend [D]precede

17.[A]content [B]contact [C]contest [D]context

18.[A]happen [B]occur [C]occupy [D]incur

19.[A]at [B]on [C]to [D]beyond

20.[A]purposes [B]ambitions [C]drives [D]goals

参考答案：

词义辨析exhibit"展出，表现",exaggerate"夸张",exceed"超越，胜过" 原句意为：实际上，人们会对未来的生活怀有（展示出）一定的愿望。

词义辨析context"上下文"，circumstance"环境"，inspection"检查，视察"，intuition"直觉"

词义辨析underestimate"低估",undermine"破坏"，undertake"承担，担任",undergo"经历，遭受"。undertake a task为常见搭配，意为"开始进行一项任务"

词义辨析选项C、D看似均可，但always显得有些武断。

篇章逻辑somehow"不知何故，以某种方式"

词义辨析enact"制定法律，颁布"，inflect"弯曲"

词义辨析encounter指没有事先计划的、未料到的、短暂的相遇

词义辨析pattern模式，式样；design设计，图案；第一段中提到过人们习惯用因果关系去推断，这是一种思考模式。

词义辨析absent缺少的，不在的；inadequate不充分的；根据文中意思应选一

个与occur意思相反的词。

词义辨析create创造produce产生，得到。原句意为学生知道努力学习在大多数情况下会得到高的分数。

词义辨析obscure朦胧的，模糊的；indistinct不清楚的；explicit外在的，清楚地；explosive爆炸的；原句意为：科学使因果性和可能性的观念变的更加清楚短语搭配deal in经营eg:He deals in a small shop. deal with处理，安排

词义辨析distinguish区别，辨别；distinct清楚地，明显的；distort扭曲，歪曲；distract转移。distinguish between为常用搭配，意为"区别... 和..."

短语搭配on the basis of以...为基础

语法结构drive在此为名词，意为“动力”，空格后部分是对drive进行修饰，故选关系代词that引导定语从句。

词义辨析predict预言；pretend假装；precede在...之前

词义辨析content内容；contact接触；contest争论，竞赛；context上下文in the context of意为"在...情况下"

词义辨析occur发生，出现；occupy占用，占领；incur招致

短语搭配aim at瞄准，针对

词义辨析purpose目的，以图；ambition野心；drive推动力；goal目的，目标。

An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ car eer prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical educational reform. Very few writers on the subject have explored this __1__—indeed, contradiction—which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the __2__ to put computers in the classroom.

An education that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is a/an __3__ education, justified for reasons radically different from why education is __4__ required by law. It is not simply to __5__ everyone’s job prospec ts that all children are legally __6__ to attend school into their , we have a certain __7__ of the American citizen,a character who is __8__ if he cannot competently assess __9__ his livelihood and happiness are affected by things __10__ of himself.

But this was not always the case; before it was legally required for all children

to attend school until a certain __11__, it was widely accepted that some were just not equipped __12__ nature to pursue this kind of optimism characteristic of all

industrialized countries, we came to accept that everyone is __13__ to be educated. Computer-education advocates __14__ this optimistic notion for a pessimism that __15__ their otherwise cheery outlook. __16__ on the confusion between educational and vocational reasons for bringing computers into schools,

computer-education advocates often __17__ the job prospects of graduates over their educational __18__.

There are some good arguments for a technical education given the right kind of student. Many European schools __19__ the concept of professional training early on in order to make sure children are __20__ equipped for the professions they want to join.

1.[A]distinction [B]topic [C]separation [D]education

2.[A]campaign [B]practice [C]action [D]goal

3.[A]informal [B]basic [C]technical [D]expensive

4.[A]differently [B]universally [C]conversely [D]regularly

5.[A]form [B]consist [C]arise [D]raise

6.[A]ordered [B]inquired [C]required [D]acquired

7.[A]conception [B]information [C]theme [D]imagination

8.[A]complete [B]accomplished [C]incomplete [D]improper

9.[A]why [B]what [C]where [D]how

10.[A]inside [B]outside [C]beside [D]aside

11.[A]year [B]age [C]day [D]extent

12.[A]in [B]at [C]by [D]with

13.[A]fit [B]responsible [C]suitable [D]able

14.[A]consider [B]forget [C]forsake [D]foretell

15.[A]believes [B]becomes [C]bears [D]betrays

16.[A]Encountering [B]Banking [C]Devising [D]Seeking

17.[A]emphasize [B]encourage [C]engage [D]enlarge

18.[A]academy [B]position [C]degree [D]achievement

19.[A]interact [B]introduce [C]announce [D]invent

20.[A]traditionally [B]drastically [C]properly [D]hardly

参考答案：

A translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his source must fill facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual __1__, and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his field of specialization. This is, as it were, his professional __2__. In addition to this, it is __3__ that he should have an enquiring mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to __4__ quickly the basic principles of new developments.

He should be willing to work __5__ his own, often at high speeds, but should be

humble enough to __6__ other people because his own __7__ does not always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and

__8__ and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding __9__ with printing techniques and proof-reading.

If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firms, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to __10__ rapidly from one source language to __11__, as well as from one subject-matter to another, since this ability is frequently __12__ of him in such work. Bearing in __13__ the nature of the translator’s work, . the processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking,

__14__ that he should be able to speak the languages he is __15__ with.

If he does speak them, it is an __16__ rather than a hindrance(障碍), but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can do away with. It is, __17__, desirable that he should have an __18__ idea about the pronunciation of his source languages, even if this is restricted to knowing how proper names and place names are pronounced. The same __19__ to an ability to write his source languages. If he can, well and good; if he cannot, it does not __20__.

1.[A]application [B]use [C]utility [D]usage

2.[A]equipment [B]language [C]performance [D]facility

3.[A]wise [B]unique [C]desirable [D]effective

4.[A]input [B]grasp [C]seek [D]expand

5.[A]on [B]in [C]for [D]by

6.[A]learn [B]imitate [C]conduct [D]consult

7.[A]profession [B]intelligence [C]knowledge [D]style

8.[A]steadily [B]accurately [C]regularly [D]reasonably

9.[A]familiarity [B]acquaintance [C]knowledge [D]skill

10.[A]change [B]transform [C]turn [D]switch

11.[A]another [B]other [C]one [D]all

12.[A]lacked [B]required [C]faced [D]confronted

13.[A]brain [B]thought [C]mind [D]memory

14.[A]essential [B]unnecessary [C]advantageous [D]useless

15.[A]doing [B]dealing [C]deciding [D]working

16.[A]idea [B]advice [C]advantage [D]accordance

17.[A]however [B]accordingly [C]consequently [D]thus

18.[A]adjacent [B]ambiguous [C]artificial [D]approximate

19.[A]refers [B]comes [C]applies [D]amounts

20.[A]matter [B]mind [C]harm [D]work

参考答案：

subject have explored this __1__—indeed, contradiction—which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the __2__ to put computers in the classroom.

An education that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is a/an __3__ education, justified for reasons radically different from why education is __4__ required by law. It is not simply to __5__ everyone’s job prospects that all children are legally __6__ to attend school into their , we have a certain __7__ of the American citizen,a character who is __8__ if he cannot competently assess __9__ his livelihood and happiness are affected by things __10__ of himself.

computer-education advocates often __17__ the job prospects of graduates over their educational __18__.

1.[A]distinction [B]topic [C]separation [D]education

2.[A]campaign [B]practice [C]action [D]goal

3.[A]informal [B]basic [C]technical [D]expensive

4.[A]differently [B]universally [C]conversely [D]regularly

5.[A]form [B]consist [C]arise [D]raise

6.[A]ordered [B]inquired [C]required [D]acquired

7.[A]conception [B]information [C]theme [D]imagination

8.[A]complete [B]accomplished [C]incomplete [D]improper

9.[A]why [B]what [C]where [D]how

10.[A]inside [B]outside [C]beside [D]aside

11.[A]year [B]age [C]day [D]extent

12.[A]in [B]at [C]by [D]with

13.[A]fit [B]responsible [C]suitable [D]able

14.[A]consider [B]forget [C]forsake [D]foretell

15.[A]believes [B]becomes [C]bears [D]betrays

16.[A]Encountering [B]Banking [C]Devising [D]Seeking

17.[A]emphasize [B]encourage [C]engage [D]enlarge

18.[A]academy [B]position [C]degree [D]achievement

19.[A]interact [B]introduce [C]announce [D]invent

20.[A]traditionally [B]drastically [C]properly [D]hardly

参考答案：

According to BT’s futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium(a period of 1，000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.

Pearson has __1__ together to work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a __2__ millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key __3__ and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine, including an __4__ life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs __5__ into use between now and 2040.

Pearson also __6__ a breakthrough in computer human links. "By linking __7__ to our nervous system, computers could pick up __8__ we feel and, hopefully, simulate __9__ too so that we can start to __10__ full sensory environments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck," he says.

But that, Pearson points __11__, is only the start of man-machine

__12__:"It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will __13__ lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century."__14__ his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no __15__ for when faster-than-light travel will be __16__, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible.

But he does __17__ social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will, for example, __18__ problems in 2010, while the arrival of synthetic __19__ robots will mean people may not be able to __20__ between their human friends and the droids. And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.

1.[A]taken [B]pieced [C]kept [D]made

2.[A]complicated [B]delicate [C]subtle [D]unique

3.[A]breakthroughs [B]findings [C]events [D]incidents

4.[A]expanded [B]extended [C]enlarged [D]enriched

5.[A]being [B]becoming [C]carrying [D]coming

6.[A]schedules [B]plans [C]predicts [D]designs

7.[A]directly [B]instantly [C]precisely [D]automatically

8.[A]that [B]how [C]what [D]all

9.[A]thinking [B]hearing [C]sight [D]feeling

10.[A]form [B]develop [C]find [D]undertake

11.[A]out [B]at [C]to [D]toward

12.[A]program [B]production [C]experiment [D]integration

13.[A]finally [B]ultimately [C]utterly [D]absolutely

14.[A]Through [B]Though [C]During [D]By

15.[A]forecasts [B]articles [C]stories [D]meetings

16.[A]advisable [B]affordable [C]available [D]valuable

17.[A]solve [B]arose [C]exercise [D]expect

18.[A]confront [B]cause [C]witness [D]collect

19.[A]lovely [B]likely [C]lifelike [D]lively

20.[A]distinguish [B]differ [C]diagnose [D]deviate

参考答案：

piece together拼凑，结合

complicated复杂的；delicate精致的，脆弱的；subtle狡猾的，敏感的；unique 唯一的，独特的

breakthrough突破；finding发现；event事件；incident事件，事变

expanded膨胀的，扩张的；extended伸出的，延长的；enlarged放大的，扩大的；enriched浓缩的，强化的；extend life expectance延长寿命。

come into use开始投入使用

schedule确定时间；plan计划；predict预测；design设计

directly直接地；instantly立即；precisely精确地；automatically自动地

根据上文what we feel,以及下文full sensory environments，可知D符合文意。

point to和point at都是“指向”的意思，point out指出，提出

integration综合，集成，此处指人机一体化

finally表示久等之后，有时表示在一系列因素的最后一个，eg:After putting it off three times,we finally managed to have a holiday in Greece.

ultimately指最后，终于，基本上，即达到最高界线。eg:Ultimately people rely

on science to gain an understanding of biological phenomena.

through为连词，后应接句子；during表示过程；by表示方式、手段或借助某种工具。

forecast先见，预测

available可利用的，可行的

注意主语是人，不选arose

lovely可爱的，有趣的；likely可能的；lifelike逼真的；lively活泼的

distinguish between;differ from;diagnose诊断；deviate from背离

英语考研英美概况模拟题

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