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七年级上学期期末试卷

七年级上学期期末试卷
七年级上学期期末试卷

学校 班级 考号 姓名_________________

﹍﹍﹍﹍装﹍ ﹍﹍﹍订﹍﹍﹍ ﹍线﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍

2012~2013学年度第一学期期末调研

七年级数学

(时间:120分钟 满分:100分)

一、选择题:(每题2分,共16分)

1. 下列说法不正确的是 ( ) A .0既不是正数,也不是负数 B .1是绝对值最小的数 C .一个有理数不是整数就是分数 D .0的绝对值是0.

2. 因为32=9,(-3)2

=9,所以平方得9的数有两个,由此可以推测:平方得16的数是( ).

A.4

B.-4

C.4或-4

D.256 3. 下列说法正确的是( )

A.2

13x π的系数是13 B.12 xy 2

的系数为12

x

C.-5x 2

的系数为5 D.-x 2

的系数为-1

4. 3x-5=8移项正确的是( )

A.3x=8+5

B.3x=8-5

C.3x=-8+5

D.3x=-8-5 5. 如图是“光明超市”中“丝美”洗发水的价格标签,一服务员不小心将墨水滴在标签上,使得原价看不清楚,请你帮助算一

算,该洗发水的原价是 ( )

A.22元

B.23元

C.24元

D.26元 6. 下列图中角的表示方法正确的个数有 ( )

C

B

A

∠ABC

C

B

A

∠CAB

直线是平角

∠AOB 是平角

A .1个

B .2个

C .3个

D .4个 7. 如图,O 是正六边形ABCDEF 的中心,下列图形中

可由△OAB 平移得到的是( )

A.△OAF

B.△OEF

C.△OCD

D.△OED

8.下列垂直相交的说法:①平面内,垂直于同一条直线的两条直线互相平行; ②如果一条直线与两条平行

线中的一条垂直,那么它与另一条也垂直;③平面内, 一条直线不可能与两条相交直线都垂直,其中说法错误个数有( )

A.3个

B.2个

C.1个

D.0个 二、填空题:(每题2分,共20分) 9. 3

21-的相反数是___________.

10. 近似数2.40×105

精确到_________位,有_______个有效数字有.

11. -x 2

y 的同类项:_______(只要求写一个).

12. 方程042=-+a x 的解是2-=x ,则a 的值为_________.

13. 某种服装以120元/件销售时可以获利25%,设未知数x 后列出的方程是x+25%x=120,其中x?是指___________________________. 14. 如图,是一个简单的数值运算程序当输入x 的值为-1时,则输出的数值为___________.

15.如果∠α=39°31′,∠α的余角∠β=________.

16.如图,将一副直角三角板叠在一起,使直角顶点重合于点O,则∠AOB+∠DOC = _________°.

7.如图,AB ∥CD,且∠BAP=60°-α,∠APC=45°+α,∠PCD=30°-α,

则角α的度数为______. 18.观察下列图形和所给表样中的数据后回答问题.

2

2

2

1

1

1

11

2

1

当图形的周长为80时,梯形的个数为_________.

三、解答题:(第题19-22每题6分,第23-26题每题8分,第27、28各10分,共64分) 19.计算(6分)

(1) ()()

()3428|10|2

3

-?---?+-. (2) 2

22121(3)242433????

-÷?-+-?- ? ?????

.

20.(4分)先化简,后计算:2(a 2

b+ab 2

)-[2ab 2

-(1-a 2

b)]-2,其中a=-2,b=2

1

梯形个数 1 2 3 4 5 ……

图形周长 5 8 11 14 17 ……

A

D B

C

B

P

B

A

21.(6分)某检修小组从A 地出发,在东西向的马路上检修线路,如果规定向东行驶为正,向西行驶为负,一天中七次行驶纪录如下.(单位:km )

(1)求收工时距A 地多远?

(2)在第_____次纪录时距A 地最远;(该小题直接写答案) (3)若每千米耗油0.3升,问共耗油多少升?

22.解下列方程(8分): (1)23(3)43x

x x ; (2)

54

155

2

3

4

12

y y y .

23. (4分)如图,直线AB 、CD 交于O 点,且∠BOC=80°,OE 平分∠BOC,OF 为OE 的反向延长线.

(1)求∠2和∠3的度数. (2)OF 平分∠AOD 吗?为什么?

24.(6分)如图,已知三点A 、B 、C,按要求画图: (1)画直线AB; (2)画射线AC;

(3)连结BC. (4)画∠BAC 的平分线AP;

(5)在AP 上取一点G,作GE ⊥AC 于E,作GF ⊥AB 于F;

(6)比较线段GE 与GF 的大小.

321

O

F

C

A E

B

25. (6分)如图, 已知点C 、D 是线段AB 上两点,E 、F 分别是AC 与BD 的中点. (1)若AB=12㎝,CD=4㎝,求AC+BD 和EF 的长. (2)若AB=100,CD=30,求EF 的长.

26.(6分)如图,在△ABC 中,BD ⊥AC 于D, ∠1=∠2, ∠3=∠C. 求证:EF ⊥AC. 证明: ∵∠3=∠C,

∴____∥_____( )

∴∠____=∠____( ) ∵∠1=∠2,

∴∠____=∠____, ∴____∥_____( ) ∵BD ⊥AC,即∠BDC =90°,

∴∠____=90°,即EF ⊥AC ( )

∴ EF ⊥AC ( ).

27.(9分)如图,∠1+∠2=180°,∠A=∠C,DA 平分∠BDF. (1)AE 与FC 会平行吗?说明理由.

(2)AD 与BC 的位置关系如何?为什么?

(3)BC 平分∠DBE 吗?为什么.

28.(9分) 两列火车从相距390千米的甲、乙两地相向开出,甲每小时行54千米,乙每

小时行36千米。(1)若甲、乙两车同时出发,几小时两车相距60千米?(2)设两列火车身长均为150米,当两车相遇时,从车头相遇到两车车尾相离,共需几秒?

F E

21

D

C B

A

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