专题14 细节理解

专题十四细节理解

Passage1(2014课标Ⅰ,D)体裁:说明文词数:267

As more and more people speak the global languages of English,Chinese,Spanish,and Arabic,other languages are rapidly disappearing.In fact,half of the6,000—7,000languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century,according to the United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization(UNESCO).

In an effort to prevent language loss,scholars from a number of organizations—UNESCO and National Geographic among them—have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.

Mark Turin,a scientist at the Macmillan Center,Yale University,who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas,is following in that tradition.His recently published book,A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture,grows out of his experience living,working,and raising a family in a village in Nepal.

Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin,who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India,Nepal,Bhutan,and China.But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.

At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials—including photographs,films,tape recordings,and field notes—which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.

Now,through the two organizations that he has founded—the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project—Turin has started a campaign to make such documents,found in libraries and stores around the world,available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected.Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet,Turin notes,the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.

1.Many scholars are making efforts to.

A.promote global languages

B.rescue disappearing languages

C.search for language communities

D.set up language research organizations

2.What does“that tradition”in Paragraph3refer to?

A.Having full records of the languages.

B.Writing books on language teaching.

C.Telling stories about language users.

D.Living with the native speakers.

3.What is Turin s book based on?

A.The cultural studies in India.

B.The documents available at Yale.

C.His language research in Bhutan.

D.His personal experience in Nepal.

4.Which of the following best describes Turin s work?

A.Write,sell and donate.

B.Record,repair and reward.

C.Collect,protect and reconnect.

D.Design,experiment and report.

答案

[语篇解读]本文是说明文,题材为社会文化类。世界上很多语言在慢慢消失,为了拯救这些使用人数少的语言很多学者开始了营救工程。本文介绍了一位正在为之奋斗的学者,他到底为此在做着什么呢?

1.B

2.A

3.D

4.C

Metro Pocket Guide

Metrorail(地铁)

Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out.Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.

Farecard machines are in every station.Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to$5in change.

Get one day of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass.Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,e it after9:30 a.m.until closing on weekdays,and all day on weekends and holidays.

Hours of service

Open:5a.m.Mon.—Fri.7a.m.Sat.—Sun.

Close:midnight Sun.—Thurs.3a.m.Fri.—Sat.nights

Last train times vary.To avoid missing the last train,please check the last train times posted in stations.

Metrobus

When paying with exact change,the fare is$1.35.When paying with a SmarTrip?card,the fare is$1.25.

Fares for senior/disabled customers

Senior citizens65and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare.On Metrorail and Metrobus,use a

senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip?card.For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards,SmarTrip?cards and passes,please visit https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html, or call202-637-7000and202-637-8000.

Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling202-962-1100.

Travel tips(提示)

·Avoid riding during weekday rush periods—before9:30a.m.and between4and6p.m.

·If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station,please call Lost&Found at202-962-1195.

1.What should you know about farecard machines?

A.They start selling tickets at9:30a.m.

B.They are connected to change machines.

C.They offer special service to the elderly.

D.They make change for no more than$5.

2.At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?

A.At midnight.

B.At3a.m.

C.At5a.m.

D.At7p.m.

3.What is good about a SmarTrip?card?

A.It is convenient for old people.

B.It saves money for its users.

C.It can be bought at any time.

D.It is sold on the Internet.

4.Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?

A.202-962-1195

B.202-962-1100

C.202-637-7000

D.202-637-8000

答案

[语篇解读]本文为应用文,题材是介绍说明类。本文为一则地铁袖珍指南。

1.D

2.B

3.B

4.A

The kids in this village wear dirty,ragged clothes.They sleep beside cows and sheep in huts made of sticks and mud.They have no school.Yet they all can chant the English alphabet,and some can make words.

The key to their success:20tablet computers(平板电脑)dropped off in their Ethiopian village in February by a U.S.group called One Laptop Per Child.

The goal is to find out whether kids using today’s new technology can teach themselves to read in places where no schools or teachers exist.The Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers analyzing the project data say they’re already amazed.“What I think has already happened is that the kids have already learned more than they would have in one year of kindergarten,”said Matt Keller,who runs the Ethiopia program.

The fastest learner—and the first to turn on one of the tablets—is8-year-old Kelbesa Negusse.The device’s camera was disabled to save memory,yet within weeks Kelbesa had figured out its workings and made the camera work.He called himself a lion,a marker of accomplishment in Ethiopia.

With his tablet,Kelbesa rearranged the letters HSROE into one of the many English animal names he knows.Then he spelled words on his own.“Seven months ago he didn’t know any English.That’s unbelievable,”said Keller.

The project aims to get kids to a stage called“deep reading”,where they can read to learn.It won’t be in Amharic,Ethiopia’s first language,but in English,which is widely seen as the ticket to higher paying jobs.

1.How does the Ethiopia program benefit the kids in the village?

A.It trains teachers for them.

B.It contributes to their self-study.

C.It helps raise their living standards.

D.It provides funds for building schools.

2.What can we infer from Keller’s words in Paragraph3?

A.They need more time to analyze data.

B.More children are needed for the research.

C.He is confident about the future of the project.

D.The research should be carried out in kindergartens.

3.It amazed Keller that with the tablet Kelbesa could.

A.learn English words quickly

B.draw pictures of animals

C.write letters to researchers

D.make phone calls to his friends

4.What is the aim of the project?

A.To offer Ethiopians higher paying jobs.

B.To make Amharic widely used in the world.

C.To help Ethiopian kids read to learn in English.

D.To assist Ethiopians in learning their first language.

答案

[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文,题材为语言学习类。本文记叙了美国在贫困的埃塞俄比亚地区进行了一项研究,结果表明孩子们在没有学校和老师的条件下,利用平板电脑这项新科技可以很快地学英语。

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.C

Passage4(2014天津,A)体裁:应用文词数:287

A Guide to the University

Food

The TWU Cafeteria is open7am to8pm.It serves snacks(小吃),drinks,ice cream bars and meals.You can pay with cash or your ID cards.You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk.Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria,you can use the tables to eat your lunch,to have meetings and to study.

If you are on campus in the evening or late at night,you can buy snacks,fast food,and drinks in the Lower Cafélocated in the bottom level of the Douglas Centre.This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts,games or TV watching.

Relaxation

The Globe,located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall,is available for relaxing,studying,cooking,and eating.Monthly activities are held here for all international students.Hours are10am to10pm,closed on Sundays.

Health

Located on the top floor of Douglas Hall,the Wellness Centre is committed to physical,emotional and social health.A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice.The cost of this is included in your medical insurance.Hours are Monday to Friday,9am to noon and1:00to4:30pm.

Academic Support

All students have access to the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall.Here,qualified volunteers will work with you on written work,grammar,vocabulary,and other academic skills.You can sign up for an appointment on the sign-up sheet outside the door:two30-minute appointments per week maximum.This service is free.

Transportation

The TWU Express is a shuttle(班车)service.The shuttle transports students between campus and the shopping centre,leaving from the Mattson Centre.Operation hours are between9am and3pm,Saturdays only.Round trip fare is$1.

1.What can you do in the TWU Cafeteria?

A.Do homework and watch TV.

B.Buy drinks and enjoy concerts.

C.Have meals and meet with friends.

D.Add money to your ID and play chess.

2.Where and when can you cook your own food?

A.The Globe,Friday.

B.The Lower Café,Sunday.

C.The TWU Cafeteria,Friday.

D.The McMillan Hall,Sunday.

3.The Guide tells us that the Wellness Centre.

A.is open six days a week

B.offers services free of charge

C.trains students in medical care

D.gives advice on mental health

4.How can you seek help from the Writing Centre?

A.By applying online.

B.By calling the centre.

C.By filling in a sign-up form.

D.By going to the centre directly.

5.What is the function of TWU Express?

A.To carry students to the lecture halls.

B.To provide students with campus tours.

C.To take students to the Mattson Centre.

D.To transport students to and from the stores.

答案

[语篇解读]本文是应用文,题材是学校生活。文章主要从饮食、娱乐、健康、学术支持、交通五个方面介绍了TWU大学。

1.C

2.A

3.D

4.C

5.D

Passage5(2014四川,E)体裁:说明文词数:311

Women are friendly.But men are more competitive.Why?Researchers have found it’s all down to the hormone oxytocin(荷尔蒙催生素).Although known as the love hormone,it affects the sexes differently.

“Women tend to be social in their behavior.They often share with others.But men tend to be competitive.They are trying to improve their social status,”said Professor Ryan.

Generally,people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and our body creates a large amount of it during positive social interactions(互动)such as falling in love or giving birth.

But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy.

Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships,but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship.

Professor Ryan’s recent experiment used62men and women aged20to37.

Half of the participants(参与者)received oxytocin.The other half received placebo(安慰剂).

After a week,the two groups switched with participants.They went through the same procedure with the other material.

Following each treatment,they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions.Then they were asked to analyze the relationships by answering some questions.The questions were about telling friendship from competition.And their answers should be based on gestures,body language and facial expressions.

The results indicated that,after treatment with oxytocin,men’s ability to correctly recognize competitive relationships improved,but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better.

Professor Ryan thus concluded:“Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people’s abilities to better distinguish different social interactions.And the behavior differences between men and women are caused by biological factors(因素)that are mainly hormonal.”

1.What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text?

A.Placebo.

B.Oxytocin.

C.The gesture.

D.The social status.

2.What can we learn from Professor Ryan’s previous experiment?

A.Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way.

B.Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love.

C.Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others’success.

D.Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand people’s behavior differences.

3.Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment?

A.To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recognize social interactions.

B.To know the differences between friendship and competition.

C.To know people’s different abilities to answer questions.

D.To test people’s understanding of body language.

4.The author develops the text by.

A.explaining people’s behaviors

B.describing his own experiences

C.distinguishing sexual differences

D.discussing research experiments

答案

[语篇解读]本文为说明文,题材为科普知识类。文章通过Ryan教授的实验得知:荷尔蒙催生素可以使人们更好地辨别不同社交互动的能力,男女行为的不同主要是由荷尔蒙生理因素引起的。

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.D

Passage6(2014江西,B)体裁:应用文词数:383

HOLIDAY FUN AT THE POWERHOUSE

500HARRIS STREET ULTIMO·TELEPHONE(02)92170111

Join in the holiday fun at the Powerhouse this month linked to our new exhibition,Evolution&Revolution:Chinese dress1700s to now.DON’T FORGET our other special event,the Club Med Circus School which is part of the Circus(马戏团)!150years of circus in Australia exhibition experience!

◆Chinese Folk Dancing:Colorful Chinese dance and musical performances by The Chinese Folk Dancing School of Sydney.Dances include:the Golden stick dance and the Chinese drum dance.A feature will be the Qin dynasty Emperor’s court dance.Also included is a show of face painting for Beijing opera performances.

Sunday29June and Wednesday2July in the Turbine Hall,at11.30am&1.30pm.

◆Australian Chinese Children’s Arts Theatre:Well-known children’s play experts from Shanghai lead this dynamic youth

group.Performances include Chinese fairy tales and plays.

Thursday3to Sunday6July in the Turbine Hall,at11.30am&1.30pm.

◆Chinese Youth League:A traditional performing arts group featuring performance highlights such as the Red scarf and Spring flower dances,and a musician playing Er Hu.

Sunday6to Tuesday8July in the Turbine Hall,11.30am to1.30pm.

◆Kids Activity:Make a Paper Horse:Young children make a paper horse cut-out.(The horse is a frequent theme in Chinese painting,indicating a kind of advancement.)Suitable for ages8—12years.

Saturday28June to Tuesday8July in the Turbine Hall,12.00pm to1.00pm.

◆Club Med Circus School:Learn circus skills,including the trapeze,trampolining and magic.Note only for children over5.There are 40places available in each1hour session and these must be booked at the front desk,level4,on the day.

Tuesday1to Saturday5July at11.30am&1.00pm.

Enjoy unlimited free visits and many other benefits by becoming a Family member of the Powerhouse.Our family memberships cover two adults and all children under the age of16years at the one address.

Members receive Powerline,our monthly magazine,discounts in the shops and the restaurants,as well as free admission to the Museum.All this for as little as$50.00a year!Call(02)92170600for more details.

1.When can you watch the Chinese drum dance?

A.On July2.

B.On July3.

C.On July6.

D.On July8.

2.To learn the magic tricks,you can go to.

A.Kids Activity

B.Chinese Youth League

C.Club Med Circus School

D.Children’s Arts Theatre

3.What is required if you want to enjoy free visits to the Museum?

A.Calling(02)92170600.

B.Gaining family membership.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,ing for the holiday fun.

D.Paying Powerline$50.00a year.

4.What is the main purpose of the text?

A.To attract visitors.

B.To present schedules.

C.To report the performances.

D.To teach kids Chinese arts.

答案

[语篇解读]本文为应用文,题材为广告说明类。你想要享受假期的愉悦吗?本文主要介绍了在Powerhouse举行的假期活动。

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.A

TOP5Freshwater resources,cubic

kilometers per year(2011)

WORLD AVERAGE

TOP AVERAGE

3,642

Freshwater

per person(2011)

WORLD

6,122

TOP5AVERAGE

244,973

REST OF TOP51.BRAZIL

5,418

REST OF TOP5

2,813

1.ICELAND

REST OF TOP5

1.According to the statistics,what is the world average of freshwater resources per person?

A.244,973cubic meters.

B.241cubic kilometers.

C.3,642cubic kilometers.

D.6,122cubic meters.

2.Which country or region has the most freshwater resources per year?

A.Guyana.

B.Brazil.

C.Iceland.

D.China.

3.Which country or region appears twice on the Top5lists?

A.Bhutan.

B.Seychelles.

C.Canada.

D.Suriname.

答案

[语篇解读]本文是应用文。题材为社会热点。文章介绍了我们星球未来几十年可能要面对淡水资源危机,这标志着每个国家的自然资源将会比原来更重要。

1.D

2.B

3.D

Passage8(2014北京,A)体裁:应用文词数:308

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium(水族馆)

The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium,situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD,is one of Victoria’s leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family.Having12amazing zones of discovery,Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.

◆Opening Times

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from9:30am until6:00pm every day of the year,including public https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,st admission is at5:00pm,one hour before closing.

◆Location(位置)

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street,Melbourne.It is situated on the Yarra River,opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.

◆Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium

Train

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a short walk from either Flinders or Southern Cross train stations.

Tram(有轨电车)

The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route(公交线路)and also routes70and75.City Circle trams run every10minutes in both directions.

Shuttle Bus

The Melbourne City Tourist Shuttle is a free bus service,stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City.Running

daily,every15minutes from10:00am to4:00pm.

◆Car Parking

While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium,there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.

◆Wheelchair Access

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all12zones.Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.

◆Terms

Tickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your ticket once payment has been accepted.Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium.No ticket,no entry!

1.Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium.

A.is located at the center of the CBD in the city

B.has12most attractive places in Melbourne

C.admits visitors from9:30am until6:00pm

D.is beside Crown Entertainment Complex

2.Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium,visitors can take.

A.trains from Southern Cross train station

B.shuttle buses around the train station

C.boats across the Yarra River

D.either tram route70or75

3.Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors.

A.free car parking

B.wheelchair access

C.Internet connection

D.transportation service

4.Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium.

A.are free to all visitors

B.can be purchased by email

C.are checked at the entrance

D.can be printed at the ticket office

答案

[语篇解读]本文为应用文,题材为广告。本广告旨在介绍水族馆开放时间、地理位置、交通等。

1.A

2.D

3.B

4.C

Passage9(2014安徽,C)体裁:说明文词数:254

You are the collector in the gallery of your life.You collect.You might not mean to but you do.One out of three people collects tangible(有形的)things such as cats,photos and noisy toys.

These are among some40collections that are being shown at“The Museum Of”—the first of several new museums which,over the next two years,will exhibit the objects accumulated by unknown collectors.In doing so,they will promote a popular culture of museums,not what museums normally represent.

Some of the collections are fairly common—records,model houses.Others are strangely beautiful—branches that have fallen from trees,for example.But they all reveal(显露)a lot of things;ask someone what they collect and their answers will tell you who they are.

Others on the way include“The Museum of Collectors”and“The Museum of Me”.These new ones,it is hoped,will build on the success of“The Museum Of”.The thinkers behind the project want to explore why people collect,and what it means to do so.They hope that visitors who may not have considered themselves collectors will begin to see they,too,collect.

Some collectors say they started or stopped making collections at important points:the beginning or end of adolescence—“it’s a growing-up thing;you stop when you grow up,”says one.Other painful times are mentioned,such as the end of a relationship.For time and life can seem so uncontrollable that a steady serial(顺序排列的)arrangement is comforting.

1.How will the new museums promote a popular culture of museums?

A.By collecting more tangible things.

B.By showing what ordinary people have collected.

C.By correcting what museums normally represent.

D.By accumulating40collections two years from now.

2.What can be learned about collectors from their collections?

A.Who they are.

B.How old they are.

C.Where they were born.

D.Why they might not mean to collect.

3.Which of the following is an aim of the new museums?

A.To help people sell their collections.

B.To encourage more people to collect.

C.To study the significance of collecting.

D.To find out why people visit museums.

4.According to the last paragraph,people may stop collecting when they.

A.become adults

B.feel happy with life

C.are ready for a relationship

D.feel time to be uncontrollable

答案

[语篇解读]本文为说明文,讲述了当前出现的一类新型博物馆,这些博物馆收藏一些普通人的藏品,通过这种展示能揭示出这些普通收藏者真实的一面。

1.B

2.A

3.C

4.A

Passage10(2014湖南,A)体裁:应用文词数:337

Want to improve your writing skills?New Writing South is directing the way!

●Towner Writer Squad(班组)for kids aged13—17

Led by comedy and TV writer,Marian Kilpatrick,Towner Writer Squad will meet once a month at the contemporary art museum for11 months,starting12October,2014.

The FREE squad sessions will include introductions to a wide range of writing styles,from poetry to play writing and lyrics(抒情诗)to flash fiction,to support the development of young writers.

Application&Selection

If you would like to apply to be part of the Towner Writer Squad,please send a sample piece of your writing(about500

words),responding to the title‘LUNCH,’with your name,age,address and e-mail address to:debo@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,.

Once all applications are in,you will be invited to an open selection event on17September,4—5pm,at the gallery of Towner.This will be an informal opportunity to meet the Squad Leader,Squad Associate and other young people.

You will also have a chance to get to know the fantastic gallery space and get a taste of what’s to come.

Deadline for applications:8September,2014

For further information go to:https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,/towner or https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html, or https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,

Any questions—feel free to send your e-mail to Towner Writer Squad Associate:wharne@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,

※※※※※※※※

●Beginner Writing Project for kids aged10—13

Due to popular demand,a writing project will be started for eager beginners.

Start time:6September,2014

Meet every other Saturday,2—4pm,at the Towner Study Centre.

Study and write at your own pace—you do not have to rush—as you have a year to go through the project.Practise under the guidance of some experienced writers and teachers who can help you with basic writing skills.Most importantly,build confidence and have fun while writing!

No previous experience or special background is required.Many others have been successful this way.If they can do it,why can’t you?

Fee:￡179

For more information go to:https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html, or https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,

1.Towner Writer Squad will be started.

A.to train comedy and TV writers

B.to explore the fantastic gallery space

C.to introduce a contemporary art museum

D.to promote the development of young writers

2.To join the Writer Squad,each applicant should first.

A.provide a piece of their writing

B.meet the Writer Squad Leader

C.offer their family information

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,plete an application form

3.Applications for the Writer Squad should be e-mailed no later than.

A.6September,2014

B.8September,2014

C.17September,2014

D.12October,2014

4.What is most important for the beginners?

A.Practising as much as possible.

B.Gaining confidence and having fun.

C.Studying and writing at their own pace.

D.Learning skills from writers and teachers.

5.More information about Beginner Writing Project can be found at.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,/towner

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,

答案

[语篇解读]本文为应用文,题材为广告说明类。本文为旨在提高学生写作水平而举办的两个培训班所做的广告。

1.D

2.A

3.B

4.B

5.C

Passage11(2014浙江,B)体裁:说明文词数:413

Here is some must-know information from a handbook on how people behave in doing business in some countries.

In Brazil

Brazilians are warm and friendly.They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder.People often greet each other(particularly women)with light cheek kisses.Schedules tend to be flexible,with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned.But to be safe,be on time.Meals can stretch for hours—there’s no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil.Lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon.Brazilians are social,preferring face-to-face communication over emails or phone calls.

In Singapore

Singaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small,polite bow.Business cards should be offered and received with two hands.Arriving late is considered disrespectful.So be on time.Efficiency(效率)is the goal,so meetings and dealings often are fast-paced.Singaporeans are direct in their discussions,even when the subject is about money.Rank is important and authority is respected.This determines how people interact in meetings.For example,people avoid disagreeing outright with someone of a higher rank. In the United Arab Emirates

In the UAE,status is important,so the most senior or oldest should be greeted first with their titles.The handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere.So do not pull away from the handshake.Women should cover themselves when it comes to dress.Men also tend to be covered from neck to elbows(肘部)and down to the knees.People do not avoid entertaining in their homes,but they also hold business meals at restaurants.Touching or passing food or eating with your left hand is to be avoided.When meetings are one-to-one,if your host offers you coffee,you should refuse.It might seem odd,but it is a cultural tradition.Coffee should only be accepted if it is already set out or presented.

In Switzerland

The Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by last name.They also are respectful of private lives.You should be careful not to ask about personal topics.Punctuality(守时)is vital,something that comes from a deep respect for others’time.Arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe.They also have clear structure in their companies.Higher-ups make the final decisions,even if others might disagree.Neat,clean dress is expected.The Swiss follow formal table manners.They also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off the table.It is polite to finish the food on your plate.

1.The passage is mainly about.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,munication types

B.the workplace atmosphere

C.customs and social manners

D.living conditions and standards

2.Why do Singaporeans avoid arguing with their boss?

A.They put efficiency in the first place.

B.They dislike face-to-face communication.

C.They want to finish meetings as quickly as possible.

D.They are supposed to obey the person of a higher rank.

3.In the UAE,when should you refuse the coffee if it is offered?

A.When greeting seniors.

B.When meeting the host alone.

C.When attending a presentation.

D.When dining with business partners.

4.In which country do people care about where to put their hands at the dinner table?

A.In Brazil.

B.In Singapore.

C.In the United Arab Emirates.

D.In Switzerland.

答案

[语篇解读]本文是说明文,题材为社会文化类。主要列举了在四个不同的国家中,从事商务活动时需注意的礼仪等。

1.C

2.D

3.B

4.D

Passage12(2014辽宁,D)体裁:记叙文词数:293

Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees(雇员)and profits(利润)of over$2million per year.He’s never late to work.He does not get upset on the job.When one of his employees started crying after a customer screamed at her,Travis took her away.“Your working uniform is your shelter,”he told her.“Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you.You will always be as strong as you want to be.”

Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G&G training courses,an education program that began on his first day and continues throughout an employee’s occupation.The training has,Travis says,changed his life.G&G has taught him how to live,how to focus,how to get to work on time,and how to master his emotions(情绪).Most importantly,it taught him willpower.

At the center of that education is an extreme focus on an all-important habit:willpower.Dozens of cases show that willpower is the single most important habit for a person’s success.

And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit.“Sometimes it looks like people with great self-control aren’t working hard—but that’s because they’ve made it automatic,”Angela Duckworth,one of the University of Pennsylvania researchers said.“Their willpower occurs without them having to think about it.”

The company spent millions of dollars developing programs of study to train employees on self-control.Managers wrote workbooks that serve as guides to how to make willpower a habit in workers’lives.Those courses are,in part,why G&G has grown from a sleepy company into a large one with more than seventeen thousand stores and profits of more than$10billion a year.

1.We learn from Paragraph2that employees in G&G must.

A.learn to give lectures

B.attend education programs

C.design a working uniform

D.develop a common hobby

2.Willpower will become a habit when employees can.

A.focus on the profits

B.benefit from the job

C.protect themselves well

D.control their feelings well

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A.G&G has grown into a large company.

B.G&G will spend half its profits training employees.

C.G&G may become more successful in the future.

D.G&G has to produce more workbooks for managers.

答案

[语篇解读]本文为记叙文,题材为人物故事类。通过介绍Travis在公司接受培训所学到的东西来体现意志力对个人和公司的重要性。

1.B

2.D

3.C

Passage13(2014广东,D)体裁:说明文词数:317

Scientists today are making greater effort to study ocean currents(洋流).Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment.However,ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way—by studying movements of random floating garbage.A scientist with many years’experience,he started this type of research in the early1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States.There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.

Ebbesmeyer found out in his researches that the shoes—about60,000in total—fell into the ocean in a shipping accident.He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back.As expected,the company told him that they didn’t.Ebbesmeyer realized this could be a great experiment.If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed,he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents.

The Pacific Northwest is one of the world’s best areas for beachcombing(海滩搜寻)because winds and currents join here,and as a result,there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area.Ebbesmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed.In a year he collected reliable information on1,600shoes.With this data,he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer program designed to model ocean currents,and publish the findings of their study.

As the result of his work,Ebbesmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean.He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts,with500subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand.They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves.

1.The underlined phrase swap meets in Paragraph1is closest in meaning to.

A.fitting rooms

B.trading fairs

C.business talks

D.group meetings

2.Ebbesmeyer phoned the shoe company to find out.

A.what caused the shipping accident

B.when and where the shoes went missing

C.whether it was all right to use their shoes

D.how much they lost in the shipping accident

3.How did Ebbesmeyer prove his assumption?

A.By collecting information from beachcombers.

B.By studying the shoes found by beachcombers.

C.By searching the web for ocean currents models.

D.By researching ocean currents data in the library.

4.Ebbesmeyer is most famous for.

A.traveling widely the coastal cities of the world

B.making records for any lost objects on the sea

C.running a global currents research association

D.phoning about any doubtful objects on the sea

5.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?

A.To call people’s attention to ocean pollution.

B.To warn people of shipping safety in the ocean.

C.To explain a unique way of studying ocean currents.

D.To give tips on how to search for lost objects on the beach.

答案

[语篇解读]本文是说明文。题材为科普知识与现代技术类。本文介绍海洋专家Curtis Ebbesmeyer根据海面上漂浮物的移动研究洋流的独特方法。

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.D

5.C

future and they rely

January2008Isabelle

red blood cells.As a result,Isabelle

of regular transfusions

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,

1.We can learn from the passage that.

A.the blood drive is organized by Isabelle’s mother

B.Isabelle receives blood transfusions regularly

C.Isabelle has been ill for11months

D.doctors will sponsor Isabelle’s family

2.To be a marrow donor,you must.

A.be a relative of the patient

B.carry a driver’s license

C.be at least18years old

D.apply to Michael’s Fund

3.Those who want to help patients like Isabelle can.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,e to Wiley Hall every Wednesday

B.visit https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html, for an appointment

C.contact their parents at800-283-8385

D.call at hospitals in Rhode Island

答案

[语篇解读]本文为应用文,题材是新闻广告类,是一则宣传骨髓捐献的公益广告。一个叫Isabelle的女孩被诊断得了地中海贫血,医生发起了一个寻找骨髓捐献者的活动。

1.B

2.C

3.B

高中阅读理解细节题解题技巧及练习

阅读专题-----细节题 一、题型特点与命题方式 所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。细节事实理解题 主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题 两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就 能得分，属于低层次题。而语义理解题须将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换才能得出结论。这类 题目要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。 这类试题旨在考查考生对事实细节的确定。这类试题一般只针对文章中某一特定的细节，也可能涉及若 干个细节，或者针对文章的主要事实，或利用图形图表或地图来表示信息等。此类试题一般又可分为两类： 一是直接理解题，答案可在原文中直接找到;二是词义转换题，答案是原文中有关词语和句子的转换，而不能 在原文中直接找到。 一般包括直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。）语义转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工 或整理后方能得出结论）、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题 型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为： When / Where did the story happen? Which of the following statements is (not) correct? Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? All the statements are true except… Which of the following statements is true/NOT true/false, according to the passage? Choose the right order of the events given in the passage? 该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重 要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属 于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问 题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。 二、解题思路与应试技巧 细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找 到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。 通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征： 1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。 2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障 碍。 3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。 4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项（适用于寻找错误选项的题目）。 干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征： 1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。 2、把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事 情。 3、无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。 4、偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。 5、文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要 回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。

(完整版)英语阅读理解之细节题

高一英语专题培优 ——阅读理解解题技巧 考纲解读： 阅读理解是英语考试中的一个重要题型，分值高、题量大。阅读理解考查 的根本是检验学生对有关信息的搜集、加工能力。新的高中英语教学大纲明确规定："侧重提高阅读能力"。 英语考试大纲规定，考生应能：(1) 理解主旨和要义； (2) 理解文中具体信息； (3) 根据上下文推断生词的词义； (4) 做出简单判断和推理； （5）理解文章的基本结构； （6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 命题探究： 一．选材特点： 广东省高考阅读理解解题选材，一般遵循三个原则： 1.文章一般为4篇，阅读量在2500个单词左右； 2.题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容； 3.体裁多样，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文、论述文等。 二．题目类型： 高考中的阅读理解一般分为四大类：细节题、猜词题、推断题以及主旨题 三．题目特点： 1.无论哪一类题都一定能在文中找到依据。 2.每篇文章的5个小题正确答案的关键信息按照短文出现的先后顺序依次 排列。如第2题的关键信息点在第二段中，那么第3题的关键信息点很 可能就会在第三段中，而在第一段的可能性就很小。主旨大意题和写作 目的题一般都安排在第5小题。 阅读水平的提高不是一两天的阅读就可以见效的。想要提高阅读能力，一是要培养良好的阅读行为习惯 提高分数技巧： 1. 抓好限时训练 同学们可以通过限时训练有计划、循序渐进地提高自己的阅读速度。做阅读理解训练 时，尝试在原文中划出答案出处，这能帮助我们在阅读时以文章为依据，而不凭空猜想。 2. 养成良好的阅读习惯 同学们在平时训练时要养成良好的阅读习惯。首先要避免“指读”。很多学生喜欢用手或笔指着文字读，这种阅读习惯容易使思维停留在手指着的局部单词上，会阻碍对中心思想

阅读理解(1)细节理解题(含解析)

细节理解题 (一)题干定位 (2015·全国Ⅰ，A) Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except August.Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book.They end around 21：00. November 7th The Canal Pioneers，by Chris Lewis.James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building.Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”． December 5th Ice for the Metropolis，by Malcolm Tucker.Well before the arrival of freezers，there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells，and how London's ice trade grew. February 6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals，by Liz Payne.The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer.We will have a report on the present state of play. March_6th Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands，by Miranda Vickers.The Thames has many islands.Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.She will tell us about those of greatest interest. Online bookings：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,/book More info：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html,/whatson London Canal Museum 12-13 New Wharf Road，London NI 9RT https://www.wendangku.net/doc/48815070.html, www.canalmuseum.mobi Tel：020 7713 0836 文章大意：本文是一则关于伦敦运河博物馆月度讲座安排的广告。

阅读理解细节理解

阅读理解细节理解题解题技巧 尽管近几年高考英语阅读试题中推断题呈不断上升的趋势，但细节题仍然占有较大比例，而且已由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查同学们对英语语言的理解能力，因此难度比往年有所增加。 一、题型特点与命题方式 所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why 和how 等提问。）语义转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论）、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为： When / Where did the story happen? Which of the following statements is (not) correct? Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? All the statements are true except… 该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。 做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。 二、解题思路与应试技巧 细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征： 1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。 2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。 3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。 4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项（适用于寻找错误选项的题目）。 干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征： 1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。 2、把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。 3、无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。 4、偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四” ，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。 5、文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。下面结合最新高考试题，对细节题的不同类型加以解读。

高考英语阅读理解细节理解题的解题步骤和方法

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怎样看待初中英语阅读理解中的细节题和推理题 一、做细节事实题的方法 在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。这些题目有两个共同特点：(1) 凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式不同。(2) 干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂，甚至真假混杂。因此，要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。 二、做推理判断题的方法 所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。中考英语试题中的推断题主要有以下几种： 1．事实推断 这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。进行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。例如： According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV? A. You often play football with your friends after school. B. Your teacher has got a cold. C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn’t been caught. D. The bike in front of your house is lost. 在阅读材料中，有这样一段文字： Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don’t want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news. 根据这段文字，我们可以推断：电视报道的新闻故事必须是有趣的和不平常的。因此，正确答案应为C。 2．指代推断 确定代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对所在上下文的正确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式英语被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象第一个辅助标志。 3．逻辑推断 这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感觉。

阅读理解细节理解

阅读理解专项训练-考题分析与高分技巧 一、细节理解题 细节理解题的提问方式灵活多变，涉及短文中的各种具体细节，如时间、地点、原因、结果、方式等，这类题的一个共同特点就是答案一般能在文章中直接找到。 1.提问方式： (1)Which of the following is true/ false/mentioned? (2)What does the writer pay the least attrition to? (3)Choose the right order of the events given in passage. (4)All of the following statements may be true/false EXCEPT______ (5)Which of the following is not the result of.......? (6) Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of...? (7)What do we know from the text about? (8)Which of the following maps /diagrams gives the right position/relation ship of...? (9)According to the passage, who/what/which when/where...? 2.命题规律 ①列举处常考②举例和比喻处常考③代词出现处常考④引用人物论断处常考⑤特殊标点符号处常考 3.分类 (1)直接细节题：对原文直接信息的考查，几乎可以在文章中直接找到答案； 例: I am Peter Hodes,a volunteer stem cell courier.Since March 2012,I’ve done 89 trips—of those,51 have been abroad.I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞)in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last.In all,from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient,we’ve got 72 hours at most.So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in Providence,Rhode Island,and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence,the lady on the desk said:“Well,I’m really sorry,I’ve got some bad news for you—there are no fights from Washington.”So I too k my box and put it on the desk and I said:“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient—please,please,you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything.She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me,re-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled. For this courier job,you’re consciously aware that in that box you’ve got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.

高三专题阅读理解专题之细节理解题

教案

【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了莎士比亚的戏剧被翻译成几个国家的语言，并将在这些国家的大剧院上映的事情。 1.细节理解题。根据题干the National Theatre of China可知，定位到National Theatre of China段落处，根据“This production of Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s Associate Director,Wang Xiaoying”可知，Richard III将要在中国国家大剧院上映。故选A。 2.细节理解题。根据题干Deafinitely Theatre定位到Deafinitely Theatre，根据“ Deafinitely Theatre London｜British Sign Language(BSL)”可知，Deafinitely Thertre的特殊之处在于这个戏剧是用手语表演的。故选C。 3.细节理解题。根据“Date Date&Time:Monday 28May,7.30&Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm”可知，可以在5月29日，星期二这一天，在希伯来观看戏剧。故选D。 A篇：【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了20世纪最伟大的画家之一马克罗斯科的生平及艺术风格。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段内容故可知，他的父亲移居美国，他和母亲临时呆在俄罗斯，后来经过12天航行才到美国和父亲重聚，根据“His father immigrated to the United States, afraid that his sons would b e drafted into the Czarist army.”可知，他的父亲只是担心儿子们会应征加入沙皇军队，由此可知他并没有被军队召集，故B项正确。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was while he was visiting someone at the Art Students League that he saw students sketching a nude model. According to him, this was the start of his life as an artist. ”可知，目睹学生们画画让他开始有了当艺术家的想法，故C项正确。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The work of modernists, which was influenced by primitive art, could, according to him, be compared to that of children in that "child art transforms itself into primitivism, which is only the child producing a mimicry of himself." ”可知，他认为现代艺术与儿童艺术有相似之处是因为它们都表达了原始风格，故C项正确。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“his mother Kate died in October 1948 and it was at some point during that winter that Rothko chanced upon the striking symmetrical rectangular blocks of two to three opposing or contrasting, yet complementary colors. As part of this new uniformity of artistic vision, his paintings and drawings no longer had individual titles…”可知，1848年冬天他偶然发现了两到三种对立但互补的颜色组成的引人注目的对称矩形方块，发展了自己的视觉艺术风格，故D项正确。 B篇：【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们说明了如今很多学校依然根据学生的能力对他们进行不同的分组，这虽然对他们的学习有益，但是这种分组却一直存在争议，作者在文中讨论了这样分组的好处以及缺点。 5.细节理解题。根据第五段Unlike tracking，which means sorting students into separate classrooms，ability grouping happens within classrooms．When done according to the latest research，it has proven to promote achievement．可知学生根据他们的能力分组再次流行是因为它在学术上对不同能力的学习者是有益的，故选C。 6.推理判断题。根据第三段Children are tested and placed in different schools that direct them toward professional or vocational careers. Movement between the tracks is rare.可知作者说"Movement between the tracks is rare．"目的是为了告诉我们一旦把学生分到不同的学校就会很难再去改变了。故选D。 7.细节理解题，根据第六段For instance，a student who stands out in language arts might be at an average or slower level in math. A student who flies through multiplication tables might need extra help with fractions. Students who lag in reading can be pulled out of the classroom in small groups for practice with a tutor until their reading improves．所提出的例子可知一个学生可能会加入不同的小组来学习不同的课程，故选B。 8.细节理解题，根据倒数第二段In many regular classrooms，the differences between student ability levels are very big．That presents challenges for teachers and low-performing students to constantly compare themselves with students who seem to fly through school with ease．可知教师在普通课堂上的挑战是学生能力水平之间的很大的差异，故选A。