【2015年】电大动画视听语言期末重点复习题参考资料

电大动画视听语言期末重点复习题参考资料

一、选择题

1．追述动画发展的历史，动画的技艺是从下述哪一项开始的？( )

A.影院动画

B.实验动画

C.电视动画

D.叙事动画

2.下列哪位人物绘制了人类历史上第一部动画片《一只小鹿》？( )

A.温瑟·麦凯

B.迪斯尼公司

C.埃米尔·雷诺

D.宫崎骏

3.利用轴线表现对话的难度在于角色并不总是面对面谈话，角色不会也不应当在对话中总保持一个位置，走动、转身、换位都很常见。在此情况下可以利用下述哪一项原理？( )

A.动接动

B.头部原理

C.轴线规则

D.三角形原理

４.下列哪一个概念使电影彻底脱离了最初的“活动照相”阶段，从简单的记录生活的工具演变为一门新兴的艺术形式？( )

Ａ.镜头 B.景别

C.色彩

D.灯光

5.场面调度的目的是什么？( )

A.让演员随心所欲地移动

B.让摄影机随心所欲地移动

C.把剧情的涵义和情感内容传达给观众

D.让演员和摄影机都随心所欲地移动

6.以下哪项不属于通常影片营造的气氛（）

A.恐怖气氛

B.悲剧气氛

C.壮观气氛

D.喜剧气氛

7.通过视听介质有效的引导，观众的心理会产生连续性的认同感，这就是（）

A.库里肖夫效应

B.记忆表象

C.心理认同

D.视觉心理补偿

8.下列关于变形说法，错误的是（）。

A.有些写实片夸张幅度较小，就不必过于变形

B.变形的幅度要与夸张的幅度相吻合

C.有时为了强调某一动作，必须变形

D.变形可以自由地变形

9.拉片记录单一般不包含（）

A. 焦距

B.拍摄方法

C.声音内容

D. 景别

10.以下不属于音效类别的是（）

A.动作音效

B.自然音效

C.有源音乐

D.特殊音效

11.以下不属于镜头拍摄角度的是（）镜头拍摄角度可分为平拍、俯拍、仰拍。

A.斜拍

B.平拍

C.俯拍

D.仰拍

12.以下不属于动画纸的是（）

A.素描纸

B. 原画纸

C. 傍形纸

D.动画纸

二、填空题

1．有严谨的故事结构，明确的主人公，明确的时空关系以及明确的因果关系，一定模式的开头、情节的展开、起伏、高潮以及较为明确的结局的动画片被称为______。

2．在一部影片中，______景别所占的比例较大。

3．焦距越______，视角越宽阔。所以广角镜头能够在较近的距离，拍摄比较大的范围。

4.将摄影机转到轴线的另一侧去拍摄称为________。

5.取景范围至少要包括到人物足下，因而可以使观众看清人物的形体动作以及人物与环境的关系的是________景别。

6.当我们用极广的镜头近距离拍摄建筑物的时候，建筑物上垂直线条会因为透视的关系而被弯曲成弧线，这就是我们说的广角镜头的________。

7.“闪摇镜头”就是指________，指速度极快地摇摄镜头。

8.由被摄对象的运动方向构成的轴线叫做________。

9.骑轴镜头可以重新建立人物之间的________，一般骑轴镜头将摄影机放在轴线上，两个人物之间拍摄。

10.腋部或两肩以上人物的头像或者其他使主体景物细部占满画面的景别被称为___________。

11.在设计动画造型的动作时，需要严谨地依照人体结构的 ___________来产生运动。

12.光线聚合的一点或光线由此发散的一点被称为___________，是使画面清晰的重要环节。

13.在录制对白的时候要特别注意声音的___________和距离感。

14. _______是指摄象机镜头画面中各个物体的配置。

15. 在记录一名动画角色的连贯动作的两个衔接镜头中，动作方向要_______。

16.背景的_______可以产生纵深的错觉。

17.电影摄影有______________五种主要形式。

18.传统对抗分为三类：_______、主角与环境的对抗、主角与超自然的对抗。

19.电影中的声音可以划分为三大类别_______。

20.拉片就是对一部影片_______。

21.动画的基本原理与电影一样，都是利用了人类天生所具有的_______特性。

22. _______是我国动画片所使用的专有名词。

三、名词解释

1．视听语言

2．卡通片

3．记忆表象

4．长镜头

5．分镜头

四、简答题

1.视听语言的特性。

2.请说出5种场景匹配技巧。

3请简述动画电影的工艺流程。

4动画电影与电影的区别。

5简要说明常规的拍摄三人对话的方法。

五、论述题

1结合《千与千寻》具体的电影片段，分析各种景别运用的特点。

2分析《公民凯恩》的视听语言特点。

请您删除一下内容，O(∩_∩)O谢谢！！！2015年中央电大期末复习考试小抄大全，电大期末考试必备小抄，电大考试必过小抄Shanghai’s Suzhou Creek has witnessed much of the city’s history. Zhou Wenting travels t his storied body of water and finds its most fascinating spots. Some lucky cities can boast a great body of water, like London with the river Thames and Paris with the river Seine. Shanghai is privileged enough to have two great bodies of water: Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek.Huangpu River became famous when colonists established clusters of grand buildings on its banks on what became known as the bund. Today, the bund overlooks the breathtaking skyline of Lujiazui financial district. Shanghai’s other body of water, however, Suzhou Creek, has been somewhat overshadowed. Suzhou Creek links the inland cities of Jiangsu province with Shanghai. When the British colonists, who arrived in the city after it was opened as a commercial port in 1843 found they could reach Suzhou, Jiangsu province, via the creek, they named it Suzhou Creek. Thanks to its location, a large amount of cargo and travelers were transported via the creek before rail links were established. But

after a century of being utilized as a waterway to transport goods and labor, the creek grew dark and smelly. Industrial factories were established along the banks. In the 1990s it became a key task of the city government to clean the creek. Suzhou Creek, which snakes 17 km from the iconic Waibaidu Bridge downtown to the outer ring road in west Shanghai, maps the changing periods of the city’s history, including the imprints of the concessions, the beginning of industrialization and the improvement in people’s living conditions. Where the Bund began In-between the shopping street of East Nanjing Road and the Bund, are a cluster of streets that give me the illusion that I am no longer in modern Shanghai. The streets are narrow and old and criss-cross each other. Any old residential house may turn out to be a former office of the British, constructed in the 1880s. Pawnshops and hardware stores that are hard to find elsewhere, are plentiful here. This area, at the confluence of Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek, is called the Bund Origin. Countless tour buses stop at the site every day and visitors from around the world get off

to see this place, the starting point of the concessions in the city. It all started in 1872, when the former British Consulate General was constructed and the Bund

began its transformation into an the financial street of the East. Now the site of the former consulate is called “No 1 Waitanyuan”, which translates to “the Bund Origin”, to honor its beginnings. The entire complex of this historical site comprises of five buildings, the former British Consulate General, the official residence of the consul, the former Union Church, the church apartments and the former Shanghai Rowing Club. The size of the courtyard is equivalent to that of four standard soccer fields. The building of the former consulate is a two-storey masonry building on an H-shaped plan in typical English renaissance style. The building is designed with a five-arch verandah on the ground floor with a raised terrace facing the garden, while the facade features an entry portico beneath a colonnaded loggia. It has been turned into a café where dinner and afternoon tea are available. Visitors can choose to sit indoors or outdoors to enjoy the magnificent gardens with nearly 30 ancient trees.

Yuanmingyuan Road behind the complex is also a historical site. The road has been revamped as a pedestrian shopping street and high-end brands have seized the best spots. Altogether, 14 old buildings, including those used for

designed in the style of the English countryside, has a capacity of 500 people. It was very popular during the concession period but was converted into factory offices after 1949. The church we see today is a replica, the original burned down in 2007. There used to be an outdoor swimming pool, the first of its kind in Shanghai, beside the church but has been filled-in and is now a small garden. Bridge of romance There is perhaps no other place that’s more representative of Shanghai than this bridge, which appears in quite a lot of movies about the city. Dozens of couples visit every day to pose for their pre-wedding photos on the bridge where Suzhou Creek begins and interconnects with Huangpu River. This is Waibaidu Bridge, or the Garden Bridge. The soon-to-be-wed couples pose in splendid attire on the bridge, leaning against the railing or sitting on the wooden floor. Some even risk walking into the middle of the road to get the perfect shot.Colorful lights illuminate the bridge throughout the night, making it a picturesque place for pre-wedding

portraits and lovers to meet. Constructed in 1873 and designed by a British company, the 106-meter-long bridge was the first-ever major bridge in Shanghai. In 1856, the first large wooden bridge, Wells Bridge, was built over Suzhou Creek but the bridge toll led to complaints from citizens. So 17 years

later, another wooden bridge, which did not require tolls, was built. People called it Waibaidu, which means “going across for free”. The bridge was renovated as a steel truss

structure in 1907. Because nearly 40 bridges have now been built over Suzhou Creek, the bridge is no longer a traffic artery but is more of an observation deck for tourists. It is a

tradition in Shanghai for a grandmother to walk across a

bridge with their grandchild when he or she reaches one

month. This represents that the newborn has overcome all the twists and turns and its journey will be safe and smooth

throughout his or her life. "Waibaidu Bridge is always the best option because it’s the icon of Shanghai. The picture of my daughter when she was a baby held by her grandmother was also taken here. It’s like a family tradition," says Wang Xuefen, a Shanghai native who has a newborn grandson. Changning Riverside There is a 5-km stretch of waterfront by Suzhou Creek in Changning district on Changning Road from the intersection of Hami Road to Jiangsu Road. It has become a popular place to take a walk and sunbathe on the lawn. There is an overpass at the intersection of Changning Road and Gubei Road for people to enjoy the view of the creek and a 3-km plastic runway on both sides of Changning Road, which attracts people of all ages, Chinese and expat. "Jogging on the two sides gives a different feeling because the north side is next to the creek, and the south side is adjacent to the residential highrises, which is like jogging in the jungle," says Xiao Xu, a

27-year-old woman who lives nearby. The riverside used to be completely different. Dozens of textile mills, chemical plants and machine manufacturing factories were set up along the creek in the 1920s. They brought industrialization but also pollution. From the 1930s the creek could no longer be used as a source for tap water, and no living fish or shrimp could be found. "Suzhou Creek in my memory is dark and smelly. I used to go to the riverbank to watch the sewage disposal running out from the chemical plants when I was a little girl. We didn’t know it was pollution. We thought it was a red water fall," says Huang Qi, a 57-year-old Shanghai resident. "So the residential houses along the creek were unpopular, and only migrants with low incomes would live in that area," she says. However, things have changed. The plants were closed and turned into riverside parks and the apartments in the new highrises, especially those facing the creek, are much sought after. East China University of Political Science and Law This is the famous former Saint John’s University, China’s first-ever modern institution of higher education established by missionaries from the United States in 1879. The buildings combine Chinese and Western elements. Address: 1575 Wanhangdu Road, Changning district The old residential area After you leave the university from its east gate you will enter a shabby neighborhood that retains its original look. The alleys are narrow and the houses are overcrowded. Some things have not changed for many generations, such as raising chickens at home. Address: West Guangfu Road Moganshan Road This is an artsy street that has become very popular among artists and fashionistas in recent years. Graffiti covers the walls on the winding street, where you can find a cluster of art galleries and creative industry offices. Sihang Warehouse Four banks jointly funded the construction of this warehouse, so it is named sihang, or four banks. The warehouse, built in 1931, was used for the storage of food, first-aid supplies and ammunition during the years of war. The building, which is also a masterpiece left by the Hungarian architect Laszlo Hudec in the 1930s, has been recently transformed into a center of creative industry workshops. Address: 1 Guangfu Road, Zhabei district