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初升高英语衔接教材讲义系列_专题2.5 初高中词汇衔接之易混、易错词汇(讲义)

初升高英语衔接教材讲义系列_专题2.5 初高中词汇衔接之易混、易错词汇(讲义)
初升高英语衔接教材讲义系列_专题2.5 初高中词汇衔接之易混、易错词汇(讲义)

第二章 2.5 初高中词汇衔接之易混易错词汇

1、abroad / aboard

abroad adv. /??br??d/ ( especially BrE )

in or to a foreign country 在国外;到国外

to be/go/travel/live abroad 在外国;出国;到国外旅行;在国外居住

She worked abroad for a year. 她在国外工作了一年。

aboard adv.prep. /??b??d/ on or onto a sh ip, plane, bus or train 在(船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等)上;上(船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等)

SYN on board

? We went aboard. 我们上了船。

? He was already aboard the plane. 他已经登机了。

2.work job

二者均指工作,work不可数;job可数work vt工作

例:a good job. be out of work失业

3、a number of the number of

a number of,许多,谓语动词用复述;

the number of,…的数目,谓语动词用单数。

例:The number of students is increasing.

A number of students is increasing.

4、progress advice information这三个词汇都是不可数名词。

We have made great progress in controlling inflation.

我们在抑制通货膨胀方面取得了巨大进展。

Let me give you a piece of advice . 让我给你一个忠告。

He refused to comment before he had seen all the relevant information .

在看到全部相关资料之前,他拒绝评论。

5、in place of in the place of

in place of,代替;in the place of,在…地方。

例:A new building is built in the place of the old one.

6、a second the second

a second,又一、再一;

the second,第二、其次

例:He won the second prize.

I realized he was hurt in his brain only when I saw him a second time.

当我又一次见到他时,我才意识到他脑袋收到了损伤。

7、no more than not more than

no more than相当于only,仅仅,只有;

He is no more than a fool.他就是个傻子。

not more than 至多,不超过。

The money he makes each month is not more than 3000 dolloars.

8、sleeping asleep sleepy

Sleeping,正在睡觉;

asleep,睡着,熟睡;

sleepy,困的,有睡意的。

※9、hard hardly

Hard,努力;adj./adv.

hardly,几乎不barely adv

例:work hard, and you can succeed at last.

I can hardly believe it.

10、late lately

Late,迟、晚;He was late for class again.

lately,最近、近来,

Lately, people choose to travel abroad on holidays.

I haven't seen him lately.

11、living alive live lively

living,alive,live均为活着的,

living和alive可做定语和表语,但alive做定语需后置,

live adj. 活的;生动的;实况转播的;精力充沛的(只能做定语;)a live football game一场直播的足球比赛

lively意为活泼的。

例,all the living people=all the people alive.

12、deep, deeply

Deep,具体的深;

deeply,抽象的深、深深地。

例:I am deeply moved。

Please dig deep.

13. instead instead of

instead是副词,放在句首或句末;

instead of是介词短语,放在句中。

例:He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV.

(He watched TV instead of seeing a film.)

14.bring take carry fetch

Bring,拿来;take,拿走;carry,随身携带;fetch,去拿来(go and bring).

15 spend take pay cost

spend,人做主语,花钱、花时间;take,物做主语,花时间;

pay,人做主语,花钱;cost物做主语,花钱。

16.、join join in take part in

Join,加入某个组织,并成为其中的一员;

join in参加小型的活动;take part in 参加大型的活动,

例:He joined the army five years ago.

17、used to be used to

used to,过去常常;be used to,习惯于,

例:He is used to getting up early.

18.、win beat

win后接sth;beat后接sb.

例:win the game beat them.

19、mean to do mean doing

mean to do,打算、想要做某事;mean doing,意思是、意味着。

例:By this I mean giving the students more practice.

20、pay for pay back pay off

pay for,为…付钱;pay back,还钱,但不一定还清;pay off,还清。

21、arrive get reach

Arrive,不及物动词,后接in (大地点),at(小地点);get,不及物动词,后接to;reach,及物动词。

例:arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing

22、manage try

manage to do,设法做成了某事;

try to do,尽力去做某事,但不一定成功。

例:He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.

23、be familiar to be familiar with

be familiar to,某物对某人来说是熟悉的;

be familiar with,某人熟悉某物。

例:The book is familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book.

24、agree with agree to agree on

agree with,同意某人;

agree to,同意某事;

agree on,在…上达成一致意见。

25、receive accept

receive,收到某一东西,但不一定接受;accept,接受。例:I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.

26、wear put on dress

wear和dress表状态,wear后接衣服等,可用进行时;dress后接人,be dressed in;put on,表动作。

例:It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.

27、listen hear

Listen,强调动作;hear,强调结果。

例:I listened, but I heard nothing.

28、look see watch

look,表示看的动作;see,看的结果;

watch,强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展。

29、hurt injure wound

Hurt,感情上受伤;injure,事故中受伤;wound,战争中受伤。

30、turn get grow

turn,表突变,后常接表颜色的词;

get,强调变的结果;grow,强调过程、逐渐的变化。

例:turn yellow, get tired, grow big

31.happen take place

Happen,偶然性的、没有预料到的事情的发生;

take place,必然性的发生。

例:Great changes have taken place in my hometown.

32、through across

through,穿越空间;across,在…上穿过。

例:through the forest, across the desert

33.before long long before

before long,不久以后;long before,很久以前。

34. new news

new:新的news 不可数名词消息

I am a new student and I have a piece of good news to tell you all.

35. amount number

amount后接不可数名词;number后接可数名词。

a large number of students,an amount of milk

large amounts of money

36. for a moment for/at the moment the moment+从句

for a moment,片刻、一会儿;I decide to rest for a moment/while. For/at the moment,暂时、一时。I can’t forgive you for the moment. the moment+从句(一…..就….)

The moment I saw you , I fell in love with you.

我一看到你,就爱上了你。

across prep.在…对面

37:近义词辨析:across 和through

cross表示“横过,穿过”;着重指从路线或物体表面的一边到另一边(表面)。

e.g.across the street;横过马路。

through “穿过,从……中间通过”;着重指从空间的一头穿到另一头(内部)。

e.g. through the forest. 穿过森林。

38. 近义词辨析:ago 和before

ago: 应注意两点:1.用于一般过去时;2. 它所指的时间是从现在算起。

39. already, yet, still

1.)already用于肯定句中,表示“已经”,常与完成时连用;用于疑问句,表示期望得到肯定的回答或表示惊异,此时already常放在句末。

The professor has already gone abroad. 这个教授已经出国了。

Has she found her bike already? 她已经找到她的自行车了吗?

2.)yet用于疑问句或否定句句末,表示“某事尚未发生或已经完成”

He does not sob because no one has told him yet what happened. 他没有哭,因为没人告诉他发生了什么。

He has not yet begun to work.他还没有开始工作。

—Have you had your lunch?你已经吃中饭了吗?

—No,not yet.不,还没。

3.)still表示“某事尚在进行中”,常用于肯定句中;用在否定句时,须放在否定词之前。

I still remember the day when I attended my first lecture in college.

我仍然记得大学里我第一次参加演讲的那天。

She still isn’t ready. 她还没准备好。

They still haven't got more money.他们还没有得到足够的钱。

40.近义词辨析:among / between这两个个词都含有“在……中间”的意思。

among 用于“三者或三者以上之间”

e.g. He built a house among the forest. 他在树林中盖了一间房。

41.because和because of的区别:

★because conj.因为;由于;

辨析:because of (接名词或者名词词组) 因为:

e.g. He begs because of poverty, not hunger.

他不是因为饿了,而是因为贫穷才要饭的。

because 后接句子。

42.近义词辨析:except / besides

★except 除……之外;侧重整体除去一部分;

e.g. We all knew about the news except Jim.

除了Jim以外,我们都知道这个消息。

★besides 除……之外(还有),

e.g. We all knew about the news besides Jim.

43.近义词辨析:catch up with / keep up with

catch up with 意思是“赶上”,指由落后状态变为并肩状态,侧重动作:

keep up with 意识是“跟上……”,指并驾骑驱,不掉队,侧重状态。

44.近义词辨析:famous for / famous as

be famous for 表示“因为某种知识技能、作品或特征而出名”。be famous as 表示“作为……身份而出名”。例如:Einstein was famous as a great scientist. He was famous for his Theory of Relativity.爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家而著称,他以他的相对论而闻名。

45. 近义词辨析:few / a few

few 是否定词,意思是“没有几个、很少数”,a few 的意思是“有几个、少数”,是肯定词,这两个词都用来修饰可数名词的复数。

近义词辨析:1. forget 意思是“忘记”某事,而leave则是将物品“遗留”在某地。例如:I forget that we had met at a meeting before. 我忘了我们以前在一次会议上见过面。

a) I left the book in his house. 我把书忘在他家里了。

46.much too, too much, too many

1.)much too修饰形容词或副词, 表示“太,非常”,much(副词)用来修饰too(副词),中心词是too 以加强语气。

It’s high time you had your hair cut; it’s getting much too long. 你是时候剪头发了。头发长得太长了。

I think the milk is much too hot for the baby. 我觉得这牛奶对于这个小宝宝来说太烫了。

He walks much too fast. 他走得太快了。

2.)too much有下列用法

▲too much的含义是“太多”,充当形容词用时,too是副词,用来修饰much,后接不可数名词;too much 与too many相对,too many 修饰可数名词复数。

▲too much充当副词用时,可用来修饰动词;

▲too much充当代词用时,后面不接名词,代替上下文提到的事物。

There is too much housework to do every day. 每天都有太多的作业要做。

There are too many people in the supermarket today. 今天超市里的人太多了。

Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 看太多电视对你的健康不好。

You gave me too much. 你给我的太多了。

47.so, such

1.)so修饰形容词或副词,such修饰名词。

I have never run so fast. 我从来没跑过那么快。

He is such a boy. 他是那样一个男孩。

2.)so和such的句式结构:

so+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数;

such +a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数;

such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词

He is so clever a boy. = He is such a clever boy.

3.)若可数名词复数前有many, few或不可数名词前有much, little,用so不用such。

There are so many different languages in the world.

注意:These are such little boys that they can’t dress themselves.因为little在这儿表示“小”,而不是表示“少”的意思。

48.also, too, as well, either.

1.)also, too, as well用于肯定句或疑问句,also常用于句中;too, as well常用于句末。

He is a teacher. I am also a teacher.

=He is a teacher. I am a teacher as well.

=He is a teacher. I am a teacher, too.

2.)either用于否定句句末。

I don’t like rain, either.

49.sometime(s), some time(s)

sometime意为“某一时间”,可指将来,也可指过去;sometimes意为“有时,不时”;some time

意为“一段时间”;some times意为“几次”。

We’ll have a test sometime next month. 下个月的某个时间,我们将进行一场考试。

Sometimes the river becomes a waterfall and enters wide valleys. 有时这条河流变成了一个瀑布,冲进宽阔的山谷。

He stayed in Beijing for some time last year. 去年他在北京待了一段时间。

I have been to Beijing some times. 我去过北京几次。

50.ago, before.

1.)ago指以现在为起点的“以前”,即现在的过去,常与一般过去时连用,不可以单独使用。

This small, wealthy commercial city existed almost 2,000 years ago.

这个小而富裕的商业城市2000年前就存在了。

He stopped going to school a few years ago. 几年前,他没有再去学校了。

2.)before 指以过去或将来的某时刻为基准的“以前”,即指过去的过去,常与过去完成时连用(尤其用于宾语从句中),可单独使用。

He told me that he had seen the film before. 他告诉我他以前看过这部电影。

I have read the articles written by Mo Yan before. 以前我看过这些由莫言写的文章。

51. quite, fairly, rather, pretty, very.

这几个副词都可表示程度,按语气的轻重大致可描述为:fairy

1.)只有rather能和比较级及副词too连用。

It’s rather warmer today. 今天相当暖和。

The exercise was rather too difficult. 这练习太难了。

2.)quite和rather有时可直接修饰动词,而其他几个副词一般不这样用。

I quite like opera. 我相当喜欢戏剧。

We rather like the book. 我们非常喜欢这本书。

rather, quite与“冠词+形容词+名词”连用时,通常置于定冠词之前,有时也可放在冠词之后。但是,在此类情况下,very, fairly则只能放在冠词之后。

It’s quite/rather a good idea. = It’s a quite/rather good idea.

They wanted the very best quality. 他们想要最好的质量。

52.most, the most, mostly, almost

most作形容词或副词,意为“最多(的)”;the most意为“最多的”;mostly作副词,意为“主要地,大部分地”;almost作副词,意为“几乎,差不多”。

I spent most time on the first question. 我花了大部分时间在第一道题上。There are the most foreign books in the library. 图书馆里有最多的外国书籍。Green teas are mostly from China or Japan. 绿茶主要来自中国或日本。

He’s almost as old as I am. 他几乎和我一样大。

1、三人行,必有我师。20.6.306.30.202015:3815:38:51Jun-2015:38

2、书是人类进步的阶梯。二〇二〇年六月三十日2020年6月30日星期二

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5、一寸光阴一寸金,寸金难买寸光阴。Tuesday, June 30, 2020June 20Tuesday, June 30, 20206/30/2020

6、路遥知马力日久见人心。3时38分3时38分30-Jun-206.30.2020

7、山不在高,有仙则灵。20.6.3020.6.3020.6.30。2020年6月30日星期二二〇二〇年六月三十日

8、有花堪折直须折,莫待无花空折枝。15:3815:38:516.30.2020Tuesday, June 30, 2020 亲爱的读者: 春去燕归来,新桃换旧符。在那桃花盛开的地方,在这醉人芬芳的季节,愿你生活像春天一样阳光,心情像桃花一样美丽,感谢你的阅读。

1、盛年不重来,一日难再晨。及时宜自勉,岁月不待人。。20.6.306.30.202015:3815:38:51Jun-2015:38

2、千里之行,始于足下。2020年6月30日星期二

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4、敏而好学,不耻下问。。6.30.20206.30.202015:3815:3815:38:5115:38:51

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高考英语高分必备:高中英语100组易混易错词汇+100个易错知识点

高考英语高分必备:高中英语100组易混易错词汇+100个易错知识点100组易混易错词汇 1. clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数,cloth指布,为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 2. amount, number amount后接不可数名词,number后接可数名词 a number of students 3. sound, voice, noise sound自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside. 4. cause, reason cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sth,reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late 5. exercise, exercises, practice exercise运动,锻炼(不可数),exercises练习(可数),practice(反复做的)练习Practice makes perfect. 6. officer, official officer部队的军官,official政府官员an army officer 7. work, job 二者均指工作。work不可数,job可数 a good job

8. cook, cooker cook厨师,cooker厨具He is a good cook. 9. problem, question problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise,question常和疑问连系,多和ask, answer连用 10. a number of, the number of a number of许多,谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目,谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing. 11. chick, chicken 二者均可指小鸡,chicken还可以当鸡肉The chicken is delicious. 12. trip, journey, travel, voyage travel是最常用的,trip指短期的旅途,journey指稍长的旅途,voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip 13. in front of, in the front of in front of范围外的前面,in the front of范围内的前面In the front of the room sits a boy. 14. three of us, the three of us three of us我们(不止三个)中的三个,the three of us我们三个(就三个人)The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema. 15. by bus, on the bus by bus表手段,方式,不用冠词,on the bus表范围They went there by bus.

高考英语易混易错词汇总结

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photo用照相机拍摄的照片,picture可指相片,图片,电影片,drawing画 的画 Let's go and see a good picture. 7. vocabulary, word vocabulary词汇,一个人拥有的单词量,word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary. 8. population, people population人口,人数,people具体的人 China has a large population. 9. weather, climate weather一天内具体的天气状况,climate长期的气候状况 The climate here is not good for you. 10. road, street, path, way road具体的公路,马路,street街道,path小路,小径,way道路,途径take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum. 11. course, subject course课程(可包括多门科目),subject科目(具体的学科)a summer course 12. custom, habit

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英语易混易错词汇总结(七) 英语易混易错词汇总结(七)英语易混易错词汇总结(七)91. able, capable able与不定式to do连用,capable与of连用he is capable of doing 92. almost, nearly 二者均为几乎,差不多和否定词连用用almost almost nobody 93. late, lately late迟,晚,lately最近,近来i haven't seen him lately. 94. living, alive, live, lively living, alive, live均为活着的,living定表均可,alive定表均可,定语后置,live只能做定语,lively意为活波的all the living people=all the people alive 95. excited, exciting excited使人兴奋的,exciting令人兴奋的i'm excited. the news is exciting. 96. deep, deeply deep具体的深,deeply抽象的深,深深地deeply moved, dig deep

97. aloud, loud aloud出声地,loud大声地read aloud(出声地读) 98. worth, worthy 二者均为值得,worth后接doing,worthy后接to be done, of being done it is worth visiting. = it's worthy to be visited. = it's worthy of being visited. 99. bad, badly bad形容词,badly副词,不好,但与need, want, require连用为很,非常go bad i need the book badly. 100. before long, long before before long不久以后,long before很久以前not long before = before long 101. quite, rather quite完全地,相当于completely, rather修饰比较级quite impossible 102. happy, glad happy高兴,幸福,定表均可,glad高兴,只能做表语a happy girl 103. instead, instead of instead是副词,放在句首或句末,instead of是介词短语,放在句中he didn't see a film. instead he watched tv. he watched tv instead of seeing a film.

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1. --- How about John? --- My uncle ____ a good student. A. believes John B. suggest John C. considers John D. knows John 2. --- Is dinner ready? --- No. Mother is ____ it ready now. A. doing B. cooking C. getting D. preparing 3. --- What happened? --- As you know, my schoolmates never ____ their clothes well. A. hanging B. hanged C. hung D. hang 4. What size shoes do you ____? A. wear B. dress C. put on D. have on 5. What he said ____ me and I got angry. A. broke B. hurt C. wounded D. damaged 6. The bad cold ____ me awake the whole night. A. made B. caused C. kept D. let 7. At the meeting, the monitor ____ a good suggestion. A. said B. showed C. made D. put 8. Will you ____ me the favor to take down the pictures? A. give B. do C. make D. bring 9. The expression on her face ____ that she was disappointed. A. told B. said C. expressed D. suggested

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A about around round 作副词时都含“四处”、“遍地”的意思。 about 系常用词, 如: look about 四处看。 around 具有about 的基本意思, 因此look about=look around, 但在下列短语里around没有about正式, 如: travel around 各处旅行 round 和around在非正式用法中可以互换, 但一般用round时更简练。在正式用语中, 一般用round指“旋转”, 而用around指“处处”, “到处”, 如: She turned round at such a noise. 听到这样的吵声, 她回头看。 I have been looking for it all around. 我到处都找过了。 另外, 英国人用round的地方, 美国人倾向于用around, 如: [英] Winter comes round. [美] Winter comes around. above all;after all;at all above all意为“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”,常位于句首或句中,作插入语,起强调作用。如: But above all tell me quickly what I have to do.可首先快些告诉我该做什么。 A clock must above all keeps good time.时钟最重要的是必须走得准。 after all意为“毕竟”、“终究”、“终归”、“到底”,在句中位置较灵活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如: After all,your birthday is only two weeks away.毕竟,两周后就是你的生日。 He is,after all,a small child.他毕竟还是个小孩子。 He failed after all.他终于失败了。 at all用于否定句时,意为“丝毫;根本”,用于疑问句时意为“究竟;到底”,用于条件句时,常译为“当真;实在”。用于肯定句中,表示说话人的某种情绪或情感(如怀疑或惊奇等),意为“竟然”等。如: He doesn”t like you at all.他根本不喜欢你。 Are you going to do it at all?你究竟做不做这件事? If you do it at all,do it well.若你真要做这件事,就得做好。 I was surprised at his coming at all.他竟然来了,我很惊讶。 add; add to; add…to; add up to add作“加,增加”解时,既可作及物动词,又可用作不及物动词;作“又说,补充说”解时,与直接或间接引语连用。如: If the tea is too strong, add some more hot water.如果茶太浓了,再加点开水。 After a short while, he added that he would try his best.过了一会儿,他又接着说他会尽力。 add to意为“增添,增加,增进”。如: The bad weather added to our difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。 add...to意为“把……加到……”,是把前一项加到后一项之后或之中。如: Add two to seven, and you will get nine.七加二等于九。 add up to意为“加起来总共是/累计得”,该短语不用于被动语态。如: All his school education added up to no more than one year.他的学校教育加起来不过一年。 affair; thing; matter; business affair意为“事情、事件”, 含义较广,泛指已做或待做的事;复数affairs一般指商业事务及政府的日常事务,如财政管理、外交事务等。 thing意为“事情、事物”,不管大事小事、好事坏事均称为thing,一般不能专指事务;复数things还可作“形势”解。 matter侧重指须留心的要事或问题、难题。 business作“事务、事情”解时,一般不能用复数,常常指所指派的任务、责任;有时说的是指派的工作或商业上的买卖活动。 a great deal; a great deal of a great deal用作名词,意为“大量”,“许多”,作主语、宾语;用作副词,意为“很”或“非常”,作状语,修饰动词或用来强调比较级。如: A great deal has been studied and this is the best way.经过大量研究后,这(被认为)是最好的办法。 We are a great deal cleverer than before.我们比以前聪明多了。

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