布什911周年纪念日讲话

Remarks by George Bush on the One Year Anniversary of the 911

Terrorist Attack

My country will always remember the outpouring of friendship and support from nations around the world in the wake of September the 11th. On behalf of all Americans, I thank the millions of people from every nation who share our grief over the loss of innocent life, and who share our resolve to lift the dark cloud of terror from our world.

Many nations and many families have lived in the shadow of terrorism for decades, and during years of mindless and merciless killing. September the 11th was not the beginning of global terror, but it was the beginning of the world’s concerted response. History will remember that day not only as a day of tragedy, but as a day of decision, when the civilized world was stirred to anger and to action. And the terrorists will remember September the 11th as the day their reckoning (清算)began. // 我的国家会永远记住在911事件之后，世界各国给予我们的无限关心和支持。我谨代表所有的美国人民，感谢世界各国人民同我们一道哀悼逝去的无辜生命，并决心一同拨开笼罩着这个世界的恐怖主义阴云。

数年以来，很多国家和家庭都生活在恐怖主义的阴影中，遭受了

惨无人道的杀戮。911事件并非拉开了全世界恐怖事件的序幕，而是全世界下定决心反击的开端。历史一定会记住这个日子，因为它不仅是悲剧上演的一天，它也是文明世界被激怒、决定采取行动的一天。恐怖分子也将会记住9月11日这天，因为这一天也标志着他们被清算的日子来临了。

We face an enemy of ruthless ambition, unconstrained by law or morality. The terrorists who attacked on September the 11th despise (藐视)other religions, and have defiled (玷污) their own. And they are determined to expand the scale and scope of their murder. The terror that targeted New York and Washington one year ago could strike any center of civilization.

Against such an enemy, there is no immunity, and there can be no neutrality. A mighty coalition of civilized nations is now defending our common security. Terrorist assets have been frozen. Terrorist front groups have been exposed. A terrorist regime has been toppled(推翻，打倒) from power. Terrorist plots have been unraveled (击碎，拆散) from Spain to Singapore. And thousands of terrorists have been brought to justice, or are in prison, or are running in fear of their lives. //

我们面对是有着残忍野心的敌人，他们不受任何法律和道德的约束。发起911袭击的恐怖分子藐视其他的宗教，也玷污了他们自己的信仰。他们决心扩大他们杀戮的规模和范围。一年前旨在袭击纽约和华盛顿的恐怖行为也可能随时袭击任何文明的中心。

面对这样的敌人，没有任何免疫的可能，更谈不上中立。文明世界的紧密联盟现在正在携手合作，捍卫我们共同的安全。恐怖分子的资产已经被冻结，他们的前沿阵线也被暴露。恐怖分子的政权也已被推翻。从西班牙到新加坡，恐怖分子的阴谋已被击碎。成千上万的恐怖分子被绳之以法，关进监狱，或是担精受怕的逃命躲藏。

In the current stage of our campaign, our coalition is not opposing a nation, but a network. Victory will come over time, as that network is patiently and steadily dismantled(摧毁，拆除).

There’s a great divide in our time—not between religions or cultures, but between civilization and ruthless violence. People of all cultures wish to live in safety and dignity. The hope of justice and mercy and better lives are common to all humanity. Our enemies reject these values, and by doing so they set themselves not only against the United States, but against the entire world.

None of us would ever wish the evil that was done on September the 11th. Yet out of that great evil can come great good. I see a day when the threat of organized terror is broken. When that day comes, many old conflicts will appear in a new light. Without the constant fear and cycle of bitterness that terrorists spread with their violence, we will see then that old and serious disputes can be settled peacefully, within the bounds of reason, goodwill, and mutual security. // 在我们目前的反击阶段，我们的联盟并不是同一个民族、一个国家对立，而是一个网络。胜利最终会到来，而这个恐怖主义的网络也一定会被稳步的摧毁。

我们的时代有一条明显的鸿沟，它不将宗教和文化分割开，却把文明和野蛮暴力对峙起来。各种文明下的人民都希望生活得安全与有尊严。公平、仁慈和更好生活，是全人类共同的期盼。而我们的敌人却与这些价值观背道而驰，这么做，他们不仅同美国敌对起来，也与整个世界为敌。

我们都不希望再经历如同911事件一样的恶行，但那样的恶行也可能带来好的结果。我能预见有组织的恐怖主义威胁破碎的那一天。当那一天来临时，很多以往的冲突会以新的形式再次出现。要不是恐怖分子残忍粗暴的散布持续不断的恐惧和恶行，我们就会以为所有的老问题和严重争端，能够在理智、善意和共同安全的界限内得以和平解决。

We have a chance to write a new and hopeful chapter in human history, a story of courage defeating cruelty and light overcoming darkness. This calling is worthy of any life, and of every nation.

So let us go forward confident, determined, and unafraid. Together, we will face the peril of our moment, and we will seize the promise of our times.

May God bless freedom-loving people everywhere. //

我们有机会在人类历史中写下新的充满希望的篇章，这会是一个关于击败残忍的勇气和战胜黑暗的光芒的故事。这个召唤值得付出生命，值得每一个国家的参与。

让我们继续前行，充满信心、决心和无畏。我们将一起面对我们时代的危险，并抓住时代的希望。

愿上帝保佑所有热爱自由的人民！

2017小布什就职演讲稿中英版

2017小布什就职演讲稿【中英版】 presidentclinton,distinguishedguestsandmyfellowcitize ns: thepeacefultransferofauthorityisrareinhistory,yetcomm oninourcountry.withasimpleoath,weaffirmoldtraditionsa ndmakenewbeginnings. asibegin,ithankpresidentclintonforhisservicetoournati on;andithankvicepresidentgoreforacontestconductedwith spiritandendedwithgrace. iamhonoredandhumbledtostandhere,wheresomanyofamerica ’sleadershavecomebeforeme,andsomanywillfollow. wehaveaplace,allofus,inalongstory.astorywecontinue,bu twhoseendwewillnotsee.itisthestoryofanewworldthatbeca meafriendandliberatoroftheold,astoryofaslave-holdingsocietythatbecameaservantoffreedom,thestoryofa powerthatwentintotheworldtoprotectbutnotpossess,todef endbutnottoconquer.itistheamericanstory.astoryofflawe dandfalliblepeople,unitedacrossthegenerationsbygranda ndenduringideals.thegrandestoftheseidealsisanunfoldin gamericanpromisethateveryonebelongs,thateveryonedeser vesachance,thatnoinsignificantpersonwaseverborn.ameri cansarecalledupontoenactthispromiseinourlivesandinour laws;andthoughournationhassometimeshalted,andsometime sdelayed,wemustfollownoothercourse.

布什911演讲

布什911演讲 Good evening. Today, our fellow citizens, our way of life, our very freedom came under attack in a series of deliberate and deadly terrorist acts. The victims were in airplanes or in their offices. Secretaries, business men and women, military and federal workers. Moms and dads. Friends and neighbors. Thousands of lives were suddenly ended by evil, despicable acts of terror. The pictures of airplanes flying into buildings, fires burning, huge structures collapsing, have filled us with disbelief, terrible sadness and a quiet, unyielding anger. These acts of mass murder were intended to frighten our nation into chaos and retreat. But they have failed. Our country is strong. A great people has been moved to defend a great nation. Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve. America was targeted for attack because we're the brightest beacon for freedom and opportunity in the world. And no one will keep that light from shining. Today, our nation saw evil, the very worst of human nature, and we responded with the best of America, with the daring of our rescue workers, with the caring for strangers and neighbors who came to give blood and help in any way they could. Immediately following the first attack, I implemented our government's emergency response plans. Our military is powerful, and it's prepared. Our emergency teams are working in New York City and Washington, D.C., to help with local rescue efforts. Our first priority is to get help to those who have been injured and to take every precaution to protect our citizens at home and around the world from further attacks. The functions of our government continue without interruption. Federal agencies in Washington, which had to be evacuated today, are reopening for essential personnel tonight and will be open for business tomorrow. Our financial institutions remain strong, and the American economy will be open for business as well. The search is under way for those who are behind these evil acts. I've directed the full resources for our intelligence and law enforcement communities to find those responsible and bring them to justice. We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them.

车屁股后T、L、X、GT、Q、C等字母代表的意思

你知道车屁股后T、L、X、GT、Q、C等字母代表的意思吗？ 车车后面的字母代表什么意思，关于汽车的知识，大家一起学习下吧。 T: 在这里的代表的是涡轮增压(Turbo)的缩写。指的是带有进气涡轮增压装置的发动机。 1."8T的意思是指 1."8升排气量的发动机增设了进气涡轮增压装置。涡轮增压装置能改变发动机的进气量，使燃汽在气缸内更充分的燃烧，从而增大发动机的输出功率。它与同排量发动机相比有输出功率大、耗油少、环保性高等优点。 涡轮增压(Turbo) 涡轮增压简称Turbo，如果在轿车尾部看到Turbo或者T，即表明该车采用的发动机是涡轮增压发动机。涡轮增压器实际上是尸种空气压缩机，通过压缩空气来增加进气量。它是利用发动机排出的废气惯性冲力来推动涡轮室内的涡轮，涡轮又带动同轴的叶轮，叶轮压送由空气滤清器管道送来的空气，使之增压进入气缸。当发动机转速增快，废气排出速度与祸轮转速也同步增快，叶轮就压缩更多的空气进入气缸，空气的压力和密度增大可以燃烧更多的燃料，相应增加燃料量就可以增加发动机的输出功率。涡轮增压器的最大优点是能在不加大发动机排量就能较大幅度地提高发动机的功率及扭力，一般而言，加装增压器后的发动机的功率及扭矩要增大20%—30%。涡轮增压器的缺点是滞后，即由于叶轮的惯性作用对油门骤时变化反应迟缓，使发动机延迟增加或减少输出功率，这对于要突然加速或超车的汽车而言，瞬间会有点提不上劲的感觉。L 在这里就是容积升的单位。指的是汽车发动机的排气量。 1."8L的意思是指这款发动机有 1."8升的排气量。 这里可以看出它们的排气量相同，而一个带有涡轮增压装置（

1."8T），另一个没有只是得知它的排量大小（ 1."8L）。比如帕萨特 1."8T L的意思有两种 1)是表示车辆的长度是加长的版本,比如国产的奥迪A6L就是相对于德国原装的版本要加长10cm,这个字母L是贴在车的型号后边.2)是汽车的排气量的单位,就是咱们常说的“升”，比如帕萨特 2."0这款车的排气量就是 2."0L(升),这个字母L可以省略！~ 各国的汽车厂商对车型的标注方式不同。 日本的凌志或者佳美，LE代表的是豪华、加长轴距型。L代表加长轴距，E 代表豪华。 GT: 一般指的是该车的款型是运动款，发动机动力更加强劲，底盘更加硬朗，强调运动特性。比如说宝来GT、高尔夫GT。 GTB: D： 指的是运动型房车纪念款型。该型车多用于参加世界各地举办的房车大赛，一些汽车厂商一般会推出一些性能接受于赛车的运动型车，冠以房车赛纪念版车型，后面就标注GTB 柴油车，如雷克萨斯旗下首款柴油车型IS220d，宝马新三系列推出320d车型 MT:

修辞分析~布什在911事件后的演讲中英文对照

布什在911事件后的演讲 Good evening. 晚上好， Today, our fellow citizens, our way of life, our very freedom came under attack in a series of deliberate and deadly terrorist acts. The victims were in airplanes or in their offices. Secretaries, business men and women, military and federal workers. Moms and dads. Friends and neighbors. Thousands of lives were suddenly ended by evil, despicable acts of terror. 今天，我们的同胞、我们的生活及我们珍视的自由受到了恐怖主义分子的蓄意攻击。许多被劫持的乘客、正在办公的工作人员都不幸遇难，他们可能是：秘书文员、商人、妇女、军方或联邦政府工作人员、为人父母、你们的亲朋好友或邻居。数千人在恐怖分子的卑劣和罪恶行径下突然间失掉了宝贵的生命。 The pictures of airplanes flying into buildings, fires burning, huge structures collapsing, have filled us with disbelief, terrible sadness and a quiet, unyielding anger. These acts of mass murder were intended to frighten our nation into chaos and retreat. But they have failed. Our country is strong. 面对飞机撞毁、熊熊大火、楼房倒塌等图片，我们无法相信眼前的惨状，感到无比的悲哀和愤怒。恐怖分子的大屠戮的行为旨在将我们的国家引向混乱和倒退。但他们的阴谋不会得逞，我们的国家依然强大。 A great people has been moved to defend a great nation. Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve. 伟大的美国人民已被动员起来保卫自己的国家。恐怖主义分子的袭击可以震撼我们的建筑，但他们无法动摇我们牢固的国家基础。这些行径可以粉碎钢铁，但它们无法挫伤美国人民捍卫国家的决心。 America was targeted for attack because we're the brightest beacon for freedom and

“911事件”对美国长短期经济的影响

“911事件”对美国长短期经济的影响 摘要：由于美国市场经济完善、经济基础好，又有科技创新的领先地位，地位，长期中“911事件”不会对美国经济有多大的影响，更谈不上摧毁美国经济。从短期来看，这次事件会加剧经济的衰退，而且会推迟经济周期复苏的时间，这个短期大概有2—3年之，同时，在短期内，由于股市受冲击、民航和保险业损失惨重，以及人们悲观心理，会给经济带来不利影响。 关键词：911；美国；长期经济；短期经济 0引言 “911事件”对美国的冲击是全方位的，从政治，军事，经济等多方面产生了巨大的影响。下面本文就从经济中的“911事件”对美国长短期经济的影响的方面进行分析。希望能为我国经济发展发生些许启示。 1“9·11”事件之前美国经济的状况和原因 1.1“9·11”事件之前美国经济的状况 在此之前，美国经济已处于周期扩张的穷弩之末阶段，减速已持续了一年。美国GDP 增长率从2000年第2季度的5.7%降到第3、4季度的1.3%和1.9%，今年第1、2季度进一步降到1.3%和0.3%。工业生产指数从去年9月的149到今年8月的141.8。美联储8月发表的报告称，制造业的不景气已逐渐波及其他部门。失业问题急剧恶化，全美失业率从去年10月的3.9%升至今年8月的4.9%；今年1－8月，美国企业裁员约100万人，“9·11”后航空公司及相关部门又立即宣布裁员约20万。 1.2经济衰退的原因 美国经济减速主要是由政策性和周期性因素造成的：首先，面对当时的通胀压力，美联储从1999年6月至2000年5月间6次加息，紧缩的货币政策影响金融市场和对利率敏感的耐用消费品等部门的生产；其次，2000年油价比1998年最低点上升3倍，使企业和个人多支付相当于GDP1.5%的费用；再次，股市泡沫破灭，其中纳指暴跌近70%，导致"财富效应"逆转。据估计，在1995－1999年，股市升值使家庭每年消费开支增加额相当于GDP的0.5%－1.25%，而2000年以来股市下跌使家庭消费开支减少，导致GDP减少1%以上；第四，近几年企业对信息技术（IT）等产业的过度投资造成这些部门的生产过剩，存货积压。据统计，去年第4季度和今年第1季度存货调整使GDP分别减少0.5和3个百分点。 2“911事件”对美国长期经济的影响 2.1综述 美国市场经济完善、经济基础好，又有科技创新的领先地位，长期中“911事件”不会对美国有太大的影响，更不会摧毁美国经济。 2.2分析 长期中经济的潜在GDP由一国的制度、资源和技术进步所决定的。从长期来看，美国资源和技术进步稳定增加，市场机制的作用是完善的，通过价格调节潜在GDP与实际GDP相等，即产量出于自然失业率，经济能实现充分就业，失业率是自然失业率。长期的供给线不变。美国经济能够复苏，911事件就如同许多其它突发事件一样，在美国经济长期来看，掀不起大风大浪。 2.3补充 此外还有三点补充一下：首先，保险业、航空业、旅游业等行业受影响较大，负面影响消除时间较长，且这些都是第三产业，对美国经济有一定的影响，不过美国可以通过雄厚的经济基础以及先进的技术弥补；其次，“911事件对美国人的信心有相当大的冲击”，认为

bush 911 speech

BUSH 911 SPEECH Good evening. Today, our fellow citizens, our way of life, our very freedom came under attack in a series of deliberate and deadly terrorist acts. The victims were in airplanes or in their offices. Secretaries, business men and women, military and federal workers. Moms and dads. Friends and neighbors. Thousands of lives were suddenly ended by evil, despicable acts of terror. The pictures of airplanes flying into buildings, fires burning, huge structures collapsing, have filled us with disbelief, terrible sadness and a quiet, unyielding anger. These acts of mass murder were intended to frighten our nation into chaos and retreat. But they have failed. Our country is strong. A great people has been moved to defend a great nation. Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve.

美国总统布什清华大学英语演讲稿

President Bush: Vice Presid ent Hu, thank you for your words of wel come. I am grateful for your hospitality, and honored by this reception at one of China's great universities. Tsinghua University was founded, with the support of America, to further the ties between our two nations. I know how important this place is to the Vice Presid ent, who earned his degree here and even more important, met his gracious wife Liu Yongqing here. I also thank the students here for this opportunity to meet with you, to talk a little bit about my country and answer some of your questions. The standards and reputation of this university are known around the worl d, and I know what an achievement it is to be here. My wife Laura and I have two daughters in college, one at Yal e and the other at the University of Texas. We are proud of our daughters just like I am sure your parents are proud of you. My visit to China comes on an important anniversary. Thirty years ago this week, an American President arrived in China on a trip designed to end decades of estrangement and confront centuries of suspicion. President Richard Nixon showed the worl d that two vastly different governments could meet on the grounds of common interest, and in a spirit of mutual respect. As they left the airport that day, Premier Zhou Enlai said to President Nixon, ``Your handshake came over the vastest ocean in the worl d twenty-five years of no communication.''During the 30 years since, America and China have exchanged many handshakes of friendship and comm erce. And as we have had more contact with each other, the citizens of our two countries have gradually learned more about each other. Once, America knew China only by its history as a great and enduring civilization. Today, we see a China that is still defined by noble traditions of family, scholarship, and honor. And we see a China that is becoming one of the most dynamic and creative societies in the worl d as demonstrated by all the knowledge and potential right here in this room. China is on a rising path, and America wel comes the emergence of a strong, peaceful, and prosperous China. As America learns more about China, I am concerned that the Chinese people d o not always see a cl ear picture of my country. This happens for many reasons, some of them of our own making. Our movies and tel evision shows often d o not portray the values of the real America I know. Our successful businesses show the strength of American commerce, but the community spirit and contributions of those businesses are not always as visible as their monetary success. Some of the erroneous pictures of America are painted by others. My friend, the Ambassad or to China, tells me that some Chinese textbooks talk of Americans ``bullying the weak and repressing the poor.'' Another Chinese textbook, published just last

布什离职演讲稿译文

布什离职演讲稿 各位公民： 八年来，我有幸担任你们的总统。新世纪的第一个十年是一段意义重大的时期——一个时间分界点。今晚，我怀着一颗感谢的心，请求一个最后的机会，就我们一起走过的旅程以及国家的未来，与诸位分享一些想法。 五天后，世界将目睹美国民主的活力。按照我们立国时的传统，总统之位将传给你们——美国人民所选择的继任者。站在国会山的台阶上的，将是一个其故事可以说明我们国家持久承诺的人。这是我们全国的希望与骄傲的深刻。我和所有美国人一起，向总统当选人奥巴马、他的妻子米歇儿以及他们两个美丽的女儿致以最美好的祝愿。 今晚，我满怀感激——感激副总统切尼以及行政成员们；感谢劳拉，她给这个家带来欢乐，给我的生活带来爱；感谢我们了不起的女儿芭芭拉和詹娜；感谢我的父母亲，他们的榜样为我提供了毕生的力量。最重要的是，我感谢美国人民给我的信任。我感谢你们的祈祷鼓舞了我的灵魂。我感谢你们在过去八年让我目睹了无数体现勇气、慷慨与仁慈的行动。 今晚，我的思绪回到我站在这个地方向你们致辞的第一个晚上——2001年9月11日。那天早上，恐怖分子夺走了近3000性命，这是自珍珠港事件以来，美国遭遇的最严重的袭击。我记得于三天后站在世贸中心的废墟中的情形，周围是全天候工作的救援人员。 我记得我跟那些在五角大楼烟雾弥漫的走廊里工作的勇敢灵魂谈话，跟那些登上93号航班最终成为英雄的人们的妻子们谈话。我记得阿琳·霍华德（Arlene Howard），她把已经陨落的儿子的警察勋章给了我，提醒我我们失去了什么。我仍然戴着他的徽章。 随着时间的流逝，大多数美国人可以回归911之前的生活，但我就不能。每天早上，我都收到一份关于我国面临威胁的简报。我发誓要尽我所能保证我们的安全。 在过去七年，一个新的国土安全部成立了。军队、情报界以及FBI已经警告改造。我们的国家装备了新的工具去监控恐怖分子的活动，冻结他们的金融，打破他们的阴谋。而且在强大盟友的支持下，我们向恐怖分子以及那些支持他们的人们发起了战斗。 阿富汗已经从塔利班窝藏基地组织、在大街上对妇女行石刑的国家变成一个年轻的民主体，与恐怖主义斗争，鼓励女孩子去上学。伊拉克已经从一个残暴的独裁国家和美国的死敌变成一个位于中东之心的阿拉伯民主体，变成美国的朋友。 很多这些决定引起合法性的争论，但其结果却是无须争论的。七年多里，美国领土没有再遭遇又一次恐怖袭击。这要归功于那些日夜辛勤工作保卫我们的安全的人们——执法人员，情报分析家，国土安全和外交人员，以及美国武装部队的男女成员。 在危险时刻，公民自愿捍卫国家，这是我们国家之福。我珍惜与这些无私的爱国者以及他们的家人的会晤。美国欠你们一份感激。致今晚所有在聆听的全体男女军人：作为你们的三军总司令是至高无上的荣耀。 我们的部队发起的战斗属于更为广泛的、两种根本不同的制度之间的斗争的一部分。在其中一种制度下，一小撮狂热分子要求全体服从一种压制性的意识形态，迫使妇女卑屈，杀害不信仰者。而另一种制度则是基于这样的信念：自由是万能的上帝赋予所有人的礼物，自由与正义照亮和平之路。 这是我们的立国信仰。从长期来看，推广这种信仰是保护我们公民的唯一可行办法。当人们生活在自由之中，他们就不会愿意选择追求恐怖主义运动的领袖。当人们对未来充满希望，他们就不会愿意把生命交给暴力与极端主义。 因此，美国在全世界推广人的自由、人的权利以及人的尊严。我们支持异见人士及年轻的民主体，提供爱滋病药物让濒临死亡的病人恢复生机，不让疟疾伤害母亲与婴儿。这个仅为自由而生的伟大共和国带领世界走向自由属于所有国家的新时期。 八年来，我们还努力扩大国内的机会与希望。在全国，学生们正起来满足公立学校提高了的标准。一种新的医疗处方药福利正为长者及残疾人带来内心的平静。每一个纳税人要支付的收入税减少了。 透过以信仰为基础的项目，上瘾者与受苦者找到了新希望。脆弱的生命得到更好的保护。用于退伍军人的资金几乎翻了一番。美国的空气、水和陆地更加清洁。而且联邦法官席上有了像法官阿利托（Sam Alito）和首席法官罗伯茨（John Roberts）这样睿智的新成员。

urban myths or urban legends课文翻译

Urban myths or Urban legends? 都市神话还是都市传奇? 1.London has the most extensive network of underground tunnels in the world. But for some inhabitants, the tunnels are more than just convenient一they live in them. The London Subterraneans are a race of people who live beneath the streets. They're human, but they don't speak English, and they have their own customs. Occasionally, a few of them come to the surface. They only appear at night through the drains in a dark backstreet, and if they hear footsteps, they hide in a dark alleyway and only come out when it's quiet again. And before sunrise, they go back under ground. Very few Londoners have seen them, but the friend of a friend has seen them several times. 伦敦有着世界上最为庞大的地下隧道网络。但是对某些伦敦居民来说，隧道不仅仅便利——他们还住在那里。伦敦地下人是生活在街道下面的一族。他们属于人类，却不会说英语，他们有自己的风俗习惯。他们种的个别人偶尔也会到地面上来。他们只有在晚上才会从一条黑魆魆的偏僻街道的下水道里钻出来，到地面上活动，而且一听到脚步声，他们就会躲到黑暗的小巷子里，直到没有了动静才出来。日出之前，他们回到地下。没有几个伦敦人真正见过他们，但是某人的朋友的朋友曾经见过他们好几次。 2.True story? Probably not. It's a classic example of what's called in many languages an urban myth. An urban myth is a story you hear by word of mouth. It usually describes something which might have happened, an apocryphal, second d-hand story told as if it were true, just about plausible enough to be credible, about some event which has supposedly happened to a real person. Factual or not, it's likely to rely on expert storytelling and on a trustworthy source, such as "It happened to my brother's friend's mother". 真事吗？很可能不是。这是在很多语言中被称为都市神话的一个典型例子。都市神话是你通过口口相传听来的故事，讲述的是一些可能发生过的事情，一个杜撰的、二手的故事，却被当做真事来讲，听起来像真的似的。不论是真是假，都市神话依赖的是讲故事的技巧以及来源的可靠性，比如“这件事发生在我弟弟的朋友的母亲的身上”。 3.However, some academics claim that urban myths are not really myths. According to them, a myth is a story which held some religious or spiritual significance for those who told it or listened in the past to it, and which contributed to the expression of shared beliefs and values. However improbable a myth might be, it's always true for those who belong to that culture from which the myth comes. 但是，有一些学者认为都市神话并非真正的神话。在他们看来，神话故事对于讲故事和听过故事的人来说都有某种宗教或精神层面的意义，而且神话帮助人们表达共同的信仰和价值观。不管一个神话看上去是多么匪夷所思，对于那些从属于这些文化的人来说，它们永远是真实可信。 4.So should we use the term urban myths? Let's look at one of the most durable of urban myths, The Vanishing Hitchhiker. The basic story is that of a driver alone at night on a dark, country road, who sees a young woman hitchhiking. The driver stops and offers her a lift. Soon

布什911演讲稿

篇一：布什911演说词的语言艺术分析.doc 布什911演说词的语言艺术分析 作者：毕俊峰 来源：《云南教育·高等教育研究》2013年第02期 摘要：英语演说词历来受到外语学习者的重视，许多演说词被认为是文学佳作。本文运用系统功能语言学理论，从语言的概念功能、人际功能和语篇功能三个方面对美国前总统布什的911演说词进行分析，揭示了该演说辞的艺术特色和写作技巧，为广大英语学习者提供启示。关键词：语言的概念功能人际功能语篇功能 1 语言的纯理功能分析 halliday认为，语篇是在一定的情景语境中产生的，所以语篇受制于情景语境，情景语境的三个变项是：话语范围（field）、话语基调（tenor）和话语方式（mode）。thompson指出语言的情景语境变项与语言的三大纯理功能密切相关。语言的三大纯理功能是指概念功能、人际功能和语篇功能，它们分别受到话语范围、话语基调和话语方式的支配。因此，人们可以从情景语境出发对语篇的语义特征和语言形式作出有据可循的预测。本文将选取布什911演说中一些具有代表性的语句进行语言的纯理功能分析。 1.1 概念功能分析。halliday和hasan认为：“概念功能是指语言对人们在现实世界中的各种经历的表达，它体现在语法中的及物性系统和名词。” 及物性系统包括六个不同的过程：“物质过程、心理过程、关系过程、行为过程、言语过程和存在过程，以及与各种过程有关的参与者和环境成分”。在布什的这篇演说中，最明显的是物质过程和关系过程，这与该语篇的特点有关，下面将对这两个过程进行分析。 1.1.1 物质过程。物质过程是某人做某事的过程，包括动作者、动作目标和动作过程。hodge和kress将动作过程分为执行性和非执行性两种，也就是我们常说的主动语态和被动语态。如果说话者要突出动作的实施者，要使用执行性动作过程，如果说话者要隐藏动作实施者，则要使用非执行性动作过程。为了突出恐怖分子是911事件实施者的目的，布什在演说中使用了大量执行性动作过程的句子，句中的动词都带有强烈的贬义色彩。如：they plot evil and destruction so as to kill christians and jews， to kill all americans.然而，当布什提到美国政府即将采取的行动时，他的用词却明显带有褒义，目的是为了塑造其坚决果断的形象，以获得民众的支持。如：we will take defensive measures against terrorism to protect americans. but the only way to defeat terrorism as a threat to our way of life is to stop it， eliminate it， and destroy it where it grows.以上一系列动词的使用，增强了该演说语篇的概念功能，语言层层递进，充满音韵之美和节奏感，目的是要向听众介绍美国下一步将采取的行动。 1.1.2 关系过程。关系过程分为归属类和识别类两类。halliday指出：“在任何一个小句中，都有一个实体是标记（token），一个是价值（value）。标记和价值总是与识别者 （identifier）和

奥巴马911演讲.

每周电视讲话:纪念 911十周年 华盛顿:在本周的讲话中, 奥巴马总统发表纪念 911袭击十周年讲话, 并向当年的应急救援队伍,在军队服役的军人以及在那一天的灾难中逝去的人民致敬。在911以来的十年里, 我们面对威胁始终保持坚强, 也增强了我们国家的安全环境,巩固了我们的伙伴关系,打败了基地组织。展望未来,我们将继续不断证明对于恐怖组织来说, 美国人民无论是在勇气、坚韧性和忍耐力上来讲都是无可匹敌的。 本周, 我们全国上下聚齐一起, 共同纪念 911袭击十周年。我们共同追忆失去的同胞——将近 3000名无辜的男男女女以及儿童。我们再次重申我们与他们的家人在精神上始终在一起。 我们向当年应急救援队伍的英雄行为表示敬意——他们冒着生命危险挽救他人的生命。我们向代表我们服役的军人以及他们的家人——尤其是 911后的这一代英勇非凡的军人们表达我们的谢意。 此时此刻, 即便在我们反思这艰难的十年时, 我们也必须向前看, 展望我们要共同建设的未来。这包括面对任何威胁时始终保持坚强和充满自信。感谢我们不知疲倦的军事指战人员和情报人员, 执法人员以及国土安全保卫人员——这是毫无疑问的。今天,美国更加强大,基地组织正在走向灭亡。 我们从未经历过对基地组织的战争。但在过去的两年半的时间里, 从来没有这么多的基地头目在 911之后被清理掉。感谢我们拥有非凡勇气和精准打击能力的军队,我们击毙了奥萨马·本·拉登,伸张了正义。 在针对基地组织的这场战争里, 我们巩固了与盟友的关系, 增强了我们的技术能力——我们与盟友和伙伴的关系更加紧密; 我们改革了我们的情报体系可以更好的侦测和打乱敌方的部署; 对我们特种部队的投入让恐怖组织永无安宁的落脚之地。

奥巴马在911恐怖袭击十周年纪念仪式上的讲话全文

Here are President Barack Obama's remarks on the 10th anniversary of the 9/11 terrorist attacks as released by the White House.白宫发布了奥巴马在911恐怖袭击十周年纪念仪式上的讲话全文，以下为中译稿。 Remarks of President Barack Obama As Prepared for Delivery On the 10 Anniversary of 9/11 The Bibl e tells us - 'weeping may endure for a night, but joy cometh in the morning.'《圣经》告诉我们，哭泣可能会持续整夜，但欢乐会在清晨到来。 Ten years ago, America confronted one of our darkest nights. Mighty towers crumbl ed. Black smoke billowed up from the Pentagon. Airplane wreckage smol d ered on a Pennsylvania field. Friends and neighbors; sisters and brothers; mothers and fathers; sons and daughters - they were taken from us with heartbreaking swiftness and cruelty. On September 12, 2001, we awoke to a worl d in which evil was cl oser at hand, and uncertainty cl oud ed our future.十年前，美国经历了最黑暗的一个夜晚。雄伟的高楼坍塌了，五角大楼升起滚滚黑烟，飞机残骸在宾夕法尼亚州燃烧。好友近邻们，兄弟姐妹们，父亲母亲们，孩子们，他们从我们身边被带走了，如此迅速和残酷地离开了我们，让我们悲痛万分。2001年9月12日，当我们醒来时，面对的是一个新的世界，邪恶离我们更近，对未知的恐惧笼罩着我们的未来。 In the d ecad e since, much has changed for Americans. We've known war and recession; passionate d ebates and political divid es. We can never get back the lives we l ost on that day, or the Americans who mad e the ultimate sacrifice in the wars that foll owed.之后的十年，美国人民改变了很多。我们懂得了战争和衰退，我们懂得了激烈的争辩和政治分歧。我们永远无法唤回那天逝去的生命，或是那些在后来的战争中英勇献身的美国人。 Yet today, it is worth remembering what has not changed. Our character as a nation has not changed. Our faith - in God and each other - that has not changed. Our belief in America, born of a timeless id eal that men and women shoul d govern themselves; that all peopl e are created equal, and d eserve the same freed om to d etermine their own d estiny - that belief, through test and trials, has only been strengthened.但是在今天，我们应该铭记的是那些未曾改变的东西。我们国家的性格没有改变。我们的信念并没有变，我们始终相信上帝、并彼此信任。我们这个国家抱着永恒的理想，我们坚信人人都应该自律，人人生来平等并享有同等的决定自己命运的自由。这一信念经受住了无数考验，现在更是坚不可摧。These past ten years have shown that America d oes not give in to fear. The rescue workers who rushed to the scene; the firefighters who charged up the stairs; the passengers who stormed the cockpit - these patriots d efined the very nature of courage. Over the years we have also seen a more quiet form of heroism - in the