新21世纪大学英语综合教程4 Unit8译文 Blueprint for a “Learning Society” 学习社会蓝图

学习社会蓝图

如果某国际委员会向联合国教科文组织递交的报告是正确的话，全球教育到下一代时很可能会变得面目全非，让人辨认不出来。

首先，由于学前教育的重要性得到更为广泛的认可，孩童的教育会起步更早，而且教育永远不会结束，因为种种迹象表明，“终身学习”这个概念现在已演化为一种理想，届时将成为现实。让每个学生都痛苦万分的考试行将消失，因为对于那些按自己的节奏学习的人来说，考试全无意义。

尤为重要的是，教育的精神和目标也将改变：强调的将是“学”，而不是“教”，而且教育的成果将不按照传授多少知识来衡量，而是看有多少人因此得到全面发展。

得出这些结论的教育事业发展国际委员会被要求拿出具体建议，以帮助各国政府制定出符合各自国情的策略。

该委员会吸取了全世界的教育经验。委员会由来自法国、叙利亚、刚果人民共和国、俄罗斯、智利、伊朗和美国等国的委员组成，这种组成情况凸显了他们能够达成广泛共识这一令人惊叹和信服的事实。

对于普通读者来说，委员会的报告中有两点尤为显眼：一是它理解甚至接受年轻人对现行教育表现出来的叛逆；二是它相信终身教育不仅只是理论，而且是教育制度必须考虑的一宗事实。

同样吸引人眼球的是委员会对教育的过去和现在所作的分析。换句话说，它诊断出教育问题的症结所在。按照委员会的看法，人类是学习型动物。学习对人类来说既是自然的，也是必须的。但是，人类所建立的所有制度都有这一倾向：出发点是把它弄成制度，但结果却成了紧箍咒。

为什么呢？因为建立起来的制度所要传递的传统变成了累赘，因为学校成了一个机构，而不是一条面向人生的通途，因为过于强调书面文字、太多的学科界限以及太多的集权主义思想。一言以蔽之，学校教育过多，学习实质欠缺。

现在的情况真是让人啼笑皆非。对教育的需求从来没有像今天那样强烈(整个世界学龄儿童的人数增加了20%)；年轻人对于教育的不满和排斥也从没有像现在这么强烈。教育机会的提供从未像现在这样广泛，但社会也从来没有如此广泛地排斥制度化教育的产物。在很多国家，接受良好教育者的失业率不断上升就表明了这一点。

对这一状况该采取什么行动呢？委员会并没有为教育体制制定基本准则，只是建议了几点指导原则。从其考虑可以采纳的几条可行策略中，出现了一些教育改革的口号。其中有“民主”、“灵活”与“持久”。

学校教育迈向民主有好几个原因，包括总体上需要合格劳动力来满足技术升级的需求。在一些国家，意识形态是引起民主运动的潜在原因，而在另一些国家，脱离殖民化的结果才是迈向民主的动力。在一些情况下，选择民主的原因甚至是对社会动荡的恐惧。但是报告指出，在决定提供通才教育的原则和制度的民主化之间存在着巨大的鸿沟，因为在它们当下的结构中，不平等就是结构本身的一部分。

营养、家庭背景和住房等因素都影响着学校教育成功与否。在全世界，社会阶层之间的不平等明显反映在大学录取情况之中。

单靠多建学校解决不了问题。真正需要的并不是人人都能享有同等待遇，而是要给每个人提供适当的、针对其需要的而且节奏得当的教育。

要真正解决不平等这个问题，只能是以终身教育为思路而进行大规模重组，因为“教育一旦具有持续性，关于成败定义的观念就会发生改变。一个人在接受教育的过程中在某个年龄段或某个水平上失败了，还会有其他机会。他不会从此被终身打入自身失败的地狱之中。

“人类，有意识也罢，无意识也罢，一生都在不断学习和锻炼自己，尤其是通过自身周

围环境的影响进行学习。”

认识到这一点可以带来革命性的结果：不是通过开办夜校的办法把学制延长，而是把儿童和成人教育融为一体；不是偶尔用一下电视来弥补上学不足的缺憾，而是全身心地利用比起学校授课毫不逊色的媒介。教育“首先帮助孩子过他应该享有的人生，但是最为重要的使命是让未来的成人能做好准备，实现各种形式的自理和自学”。

终身教育要想行得通，显然需要灵活变通。由于学科间的分类遭到知识进步的侵蚀，大纲必须做出修改才能满足具体的需求——比如说，想转学无线电工程的成人未必有时间先奋力学完热学和光学的整个课程才开始学习声学。

对新方法的思考占该报告相当大的篇幅。自从教科书、练习册和黑板发明以来，教育行业的“硬件”第一次得到显著的提高，有了各式各样的视听教具、闭路电视和电脑。

过去10年里所有创新的核心几乎是一样的，都强调自我教育，强调“学”，而非强调“教”。

委员会相信，学校“将越来越无法把社会的教育功能看成是它独享的特权”。所有部门——公共管理、工业、传媒、运输——都必须参与推广教育。按照委员会的观点，“学习型社会”必然是未来的趋势。

21世纪大学英语应用型综合教程修订版4课本练习答案

Unit 1 A. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. internal ditch fabulous renovate plaster amateur blunder instinct 1. The police _blundered___ badly by arresting the wrong man. 2. The house was severely destroyed, so the couple spent thousands of dollars _renovating__it. 3. The pilot was forced to _ditch___ the jet plane in the Gulf because of the hijacking. 4. Unlike the Satellite, it has no __internal__ battery, though it will accept external batteriesmade for the iPad. 5. The basis for traing relies on the dog ' s natural __instinct__ to hunt. 6. The __plaster___ was beginning to fall from the walls. 7. During each war the monopoly capitalists amassed ___fabulous__ wealth. 8. At college he studied English and did _amateur___ boxing B. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary.down to call in beat up wind up trial and error at all costs Don' t _beat___ yousrelf up__ over something that you have no control over. They decided to _call in__ a doctor because the child was not any better. Ultimately, he said, the issue came ___down to __a dispute between the two countries.I always said he would _ wind up __ in jail. Growth is a process of __ trial and error ___ . You can learn as much from failure as youcan from success. Maybe more. The bridge must be repaired within three days __ at all costs __. 这座房子在地震中损毁

21世纪大学英语应用型综合教程一-1-5章课后题答案

21世纪大学英语应用型综合教程一-1-5章课后题答案

英语课后题复习资料 Unit 1. 一． flexibility duration option definitely actually ignore convince survive 1.Economic crises destroy the capitalist system,and they grow in size and duration. 2.Stability also depends upon the flexibility of the local economy. 3.He was sentenced to do hard labor without the option of a fine. 4.She states her views very definitely. 5.Did he actually say in so many words that there was no hope of a cure? 6.The baby felt ignored by her parents. 7.You need to convince the employers that you can do the job. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4012138573.html,panies will have to do more than this if they are to survive the earthquake.

二． 1.I only cautht a glimpse of him sitting in the car (瞥见他坐在车里),so I can’t tell exactly what he looked like. 2.They are seeking/searching for(寻求新的机会) to reach their final goals. 3.It happened without my being aware of it(在我不知不觉中). 4.We are/get involved in different activities(投入到各项课外活动中) on campus. 5.Some guys always do everything as they like,that ignore the feelings of others(却忽视了别人的感受) . 三． 1.你的老师在评卷的时候会把你生病的情况考虑在内。 Your teacher will take your illness into consideration when marking your exams. 2.因为他总是轻信别人，所以很容易受伤。 He is likely to be hurt because he always believes/trusts others easily. 3.他的肤色跟他是不是好律师无关。

全新版大学英语综合教程1课后翻译题答案

Unit 1 Growing Up Ⅱ. Translation 1.那是个正规宴会，我照妈妈对我讲的那样穿着礼服去了。（formal） As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2.他的女朋友劝他趁抽烟的坏习惯尚未根深蒂固之前把它改掉。（take hold） His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold. 3.他们预料到下几个月电的需求量很大，决定增加生产。（anticipate） Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4.据说比尔因一再违反公司的安全规章而被解雇。（violate） It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. / Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5.据报道地方政府已采取适当措施避免严重缺水（water shortage）的可能性。 （avoid, severe） It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 苏珊（Susan）因车祸失去了双腿。有一段时间，她真不知如何面对自己再也不能行走的事实。 一天，苏珊在浏览杂志时，被一个真实故事吸引住了。那个故事生动地描写了一个残疾（disabled）姑娘是如何成为一位作家的。苏珊读后深受鼓舞，开始相信她最终会成为一个有用的人生活下去。 Inspire vivid scan face up with finally Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Friendship II. Translation 1)半个小时过去了，但末班车还没来。我们只好走路回家。（go by） Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第2册答案

21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课后答案 第一单元 Text Comprehension II． 1.It was a military campaign in which many soldiers died.The effects on Churchill were()he lost his political position and he was overwhelmed with grief. 2.He felt so inspired to paint that he was distracted from his personal problems. 3.His sister-in-law’s painting inspired him to try his hand at it;his wife rushed out to buy all the materials he would need;and the wife of Sir John Lavery helped him overcome his fear of the blank canvas. 4.The blank whiteness of the canvas made him feel he didn’t know where to begin.This nervousness was not typical of Churchill,who was known publicly as a brave and strong-willed person. 5.Churchill was comparing the canvas to an opponent in a fight,and he could now see that he need not fear his“adversary”. 6.He meant that Churchill would have been a great painter,just as he was a great politician. 7.It was his great comfort when the death of his mother was followed quickly by the death of his daughter. 8.Because the judges suspected that it was not painted by an amateur;they were later surprised and delighted because Churchill was not just a famous political figure but also a talented untrained artist.

全新版大学英语综合教程2课文原文及翻译

One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?

英语 大学英语综合教程2 翻译

一The rumor of the divorce was nothing but a means of hype for his new movie 离婚 他孤注一掷，用父母留给他的所有钱来开一家工厂。 He took a gamble on starting a factory with all the mone y his parents had left him. After winning the important game they hoisted their captain to their shoulders in shouting triumph.（赢得那场重要的比赛后） 4) 在全球化热潮中，我们要提防不同文化的冲突 In the rush to go for globalization, we should watch out for collision of cultures. 在这种情况下In the circumstances it was not surprising that there was trouble. 6) 这婴儿非常健康。The baby is the very picture of health. 7) 人们已经意识到儿童接触有关暴力和色情电视节目的危害。 People have realized the dangers of exposing children to vio lence and sex on TV. 8) 我们始终考虑到我们是在为谁制作这部影片。(have in mind) We always had in mind for whom we were making the film.三单元 2他在中学教书，但也兼职些翻译来取外快。 He teaches in a middle school, but he does some translation work o n the side to bring extra money 3自信是件好事，但自信与自员是有区别的 it's good to be confident (about yourself), but there is a differen ce between confidence and conceit 4．只有坚持到底的人才会成功。半运而度的人永远也无法实现梦想。 Only those who stick it out can achieve success Those who give up halfway will never realize their dreams 5一个真正的英雄有勇气，有高尚的目标，而且乐于奉献 A true hero possesses/has courage, a noble purpose and a willingness to make sacrifices 6任何人只要章起这本小说读了第一段，敦会发现很难把它放下。 Anyone who picked up this novel and reads the first paragraph will be hard pressed to put it down 7从某中意义上说，生活就像游冰。如果总是扶任池边，就也学不会。 In a sense, life is like swimming. if you keep holding on to the sides of the pool, you will never learn 3一个民族的前在很大程度上取决于其数育与培训的质量 The future of a nation depends in a large measure upon the quality of education and training 二 1只有那些有过类似经历的人，オ能够完全理解这一点。 Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fully ap preciate this. 3我更特别感谢每一个在这些年来以不同方式做出了贡献的人 i'd like to express my special thanks to everyone who has contribut ed over the years in one way or another

21世纪大学英语课后习题答案

1.Do you think that making music and art 【compulsory】subjects in schools would reduce some children’s enjoyment of them? 2.Bob’s one of those people who 【relish】 risk and danger he’d be bored in a safe, steady job. 3.Elizabeth is certainly talented enough to succeed in her career; she just doesn’t have enough 【confidence】 in her own abilities. 4.I’m sorry you’re in trouble, but as you made your decision on your own you’ll just have to face the 【consequences】 5.Many educators would be delighted to abolish exams, but they also worry that without them there would be too little 【 incentive】for students to work hard. 6.The teacher accidentally hit the boy’s hand with an eraser and was 【henceforth】known as “Dead-Eye Bean”. 7.If I had money, I’d 【invest】 it all in Internet companies. 8.Psychologists say that our behavior is influenced by many factors too subtle for us to consciously 【perceive】. 9.He’s always had a 【passion】for books. If he could work in a library, it would be a dream come true. 10.Look at those three whispering in the corner again they’re 【scheming】 something, I just don’t know what! 1、汤姆去年转来我校。他全神贯注地听杨小姐上课并很快成了她最喜欢的学生。 Tom ( was ) transferred to our school last year. He hung on Miss Young’s every word in class and soon became the apple of her eye. 2. 看到女儿高中毕业，他感到一阵难以用语言表达的爱和骄傲。

21世纪大学英语教程第一册01 - 网络英语教材

Unit 1 Text A Listening First Listening Before listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following words. grade 分数 concentrate 全神贯注 schedule 时间表 pressure 压力 selectively 有选择地 relevant 有关的 skip over 跳过;略过 approach 方法 Second Listening Listen to the tape again. Then, choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 1. The purpose of this listening passage is ____. A) to describe college life B) to give advice for college success C) to warn against being lazy at college D) to increase college enrollment（入学人数） 2. According to the listening passage, the most important key to getting good grades at college is _____. A) asking questions in class B) doing assignments ahead of time C) working as hard as you can

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BOOK2课文译文 UNIT1 TextA 中国式的学习风格 1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店堂。 我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙，可以交给服务员，也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。由于口子狭小，你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。 本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去，边走边用力摇晃着。他还喜欢试着把钥匙往槽口里塞。由于他还年幼，不太明白得把钥匙放准位置才成，因此总塞不进去。本杰明一点也不在意。他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。 我和埃伦都满不在乎，任由本杰明拿着钥匙在钥匙箱槽口鼓捣。他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处。但我很快就观察到一个有趣的现象。饭店里任何一个中国工作人员若在近旁，都会走过来看着本杰明，见他初试失败，便都会试图帮忙。他们会轻轻握牢本杰明的手，直接将它引向钥匙槽口，进行必要的重新定位，并帮他把钥匙插入槽口。然后那位“老师”会有所期待地对着我和埃伦微笑，似乎等着我们说声谢谢——偶尔他会微微皱眉，似乎觉得我俩没有尽到当父母的责任。 我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考察儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。因此，不久我就在与中国教育工作者讨论时谈起了钥匙槽口一事。 两种不同的学习方式

我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。既然大人知道怎么把钥匙塞进槽口——这是走近槽口的最终目的，既然孩子还很年幼，还没有灵巧到可以独自完成要做的动作，让他自己瞎折腾会有什么好处呢？他很有可能会灰心丧气发脾气——这当然不是所希望的结果。为什么不教他怎么做呢？他会高兴，他还能早些学会做这件事，进而去学做更复杂的事，如开门，或索要钥匙——这两件事到时候同样可以（也应该）示范给他看。 我俩颇为同情地听着这一番道理，解释道，首先，我们并不在意本杰明能不能把钥匙塞进钥匙的槽口。他玩得开心，而且在探索，这两点才是我们真正看重的。但关键在于，在这个过程中，我们试图让本杰明懂得，一个人是能够很好地自行解决问题的。这种自力更生的精神是美国中产阶级最重要的一条育儿观。如果我们向孩子演示该如何做某件事——把钥匙塞进钥匙槽口也好，画只鸡或是弥补某种错误行为也好——那他就不太可能自行想方设法去完成这件事。从更广泛的意义上说，他就不太可能——如美国人那样——将人生视为一系列 的情境，在这些情境中，一个人必须学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题，进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题。 把着手教 回想起来，当时我就清楚地意识到，这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在——而且不仅仅是一种意义上的关键之所在。这件事表明了我们两国在教育和艺术实践上的重要差异。 那些善意的中国旁观者前来帮助本杰明时，他们不是简单地像我可能会做的那样笨拙地或是犹犹豫豫地把他的手往下推。相反，他们极其熟练地、轻轻地把他引向所要到达的确切方向。 我逐渐认识到，这些中国人不是简单地以一种陈旧的方式塑造、引导本杰明的行为：他们是在恪守中国传统，把着手教，教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。

新世纪大学英语综合教程1翻译答案(全)

(1)这个婴儿还不会爬(crawl)，更不要说走了。(let alone) The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk! (2)威尔声称谋杀案发生时他正在与一群朋友吃饭,但是我认为他在说谎。(claim, in one’s opinion） Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. (3)一定程度上阅读速度与阅读技巧密切相关；有了阅读技巧，你就可以更好地应对课外阅读了。(to a certain extent, relate …to …, cope with） To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. (4)根据规则他俩都可以参加比赛。(according to） According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game. (5)有些人想当然地认为日语(Japanese)中的每一个词在汉语中都有对应的词语。(assume, equivalent) Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word. (6)我们已将所有的相关信息告知了警方。(relevant) We have passed all relevant information on to the police. (7)关于那件事你问我再多的问题也没用，因为我是不会回答你的。(it’s no use) There is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won't answer. (8)事先没有仔细阅读合同(contract)就签了名是吉姆的错误。(on one’s part) It was a mistake on Jim's part to sign the contract without reading it carefully. (9)他们拒绝向我们提供所需要的全部信息。(provide …with) They refused to provide us with all the information we need. (10) 这起事故与三年前发生的一起事故极为相似。(similar to) This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago. (11)这部影片是根据莎士比亚的戏剧改编的。(base on) The film is based on a play by Shakespeare (12)如果你的英语和电脑技能都掌握得好，那么你在谋职时就一定比别人更有优势。(have an advantage over) If you have a good command of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job.

21世纪大学英语应用型综合教程修订版4课本练习答案

1. The police _blundered___ badly by arresting the wrong man. 2. The house was severely destroyed, so the couple spent thousands of dollars _renovating____ it. 3. The pilot was forced to _ditch___ the jet plane in the Gulf because of the hijacking. 4. Unlike the Satellite, it has no __internal____ battery, though it will accept external batteries made for the iPad. 5. The basis for training relies on the dog’s natural __instinct____ to hunt. 6. The __plaster___ was beginning to fall from the walls. 7. During each war the monopoly capitalists amassed ___fabulous____ wealth. 8. At college he studied English and did _amateur______ boxing Don’t _beat___ yourself up__ over something that you have no control over. They decided to _call in____ a doctor because the child was not any better. Ultimately, he said, the issue came ___down to __a dispute between the two countries. I always said he would _ wind up ____ in jail. Growth is a process of __ trial and error _________. You can learn as much from failure as you can from success. Maybe more. The bridge must be repaired within three days __ at all costs ____. 这座房子在地震中损毁严重，汤姆花了不少钱来修它。 The house was badly damaged in the earthquake, and Tom spent a lot of money renovating it. 正如史蒂夫·乔布斯所指出的，不断摸索一直都是苹果模式的一部分。 As Steve Jobs noted, trial and error has always been part of the Apple

21世纪大学英语教程(第四册)Unit1课文原文

21世纪大学英语读写教程（第四册）Unit1课文原文 《Who Is Great?》 Michal Ryan As a young boy, Albert Einstein did so poorly in school that teachers thought he was slow. The young Napoleon Bonaparte was just one of hundreds of artillery lieutenants in the French Army. And the teenage George Washington, with little formal education, was being trained not as a soldier but as a land surveyor. Despite their unspectacular beginnings, each would go on to carve a place for himself in history. What was it that enabled them to become great? Were they born with something special? Or did their greatness have more to do with timing, devotion and, perhaps, an uncompromising personality? For decades, scientists have been asking such questions. And, in the past few years, they have found evidence to help explain why some people rise above, while others—similarly talented, perhaps—are left behind. Their findings could have implications for us all. Who is great? Defining who is great depends on how one measures success. But there are some criteria. "Someone who has made a lasting contribution to human civilization is great," said Dean Keith Simonton, a professor of psychology at the University of California at Davis and author of the 1994 book Greatness: Who Makes History and Why. But he added a word of caution: "Sometimes great people don't make it into the history books. A lot of women achieved great things or were influential but went unrecognized." In writing his book, Simonton combined historical knowledge about great figures with recent findings in genetics, psychiatry and the social sciences. The great figures he focused on include men and women who have won Nobel Prizes, led great nations or won wars, composed symphonies that have endured for centuries, or revolutionized science, philosophy, politics or the arts. Though he doesn't have a formula to define how or why certain people rise above (too many factors are involved), he has come up with a few common characteristics. A "never surrender" attitude. If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an unrelenting drive to succeed. "There's a tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal," he explained. "But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes. It's a difference in degree. Greatness is built upon tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion." He cited Winston Churchill, Britain's prime minister during World War II, as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up. Thrust into office when his country's morale was at its lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired the nation when he said, "We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end...We shall never surrender."

全新版大学英语综合教程unit课文翻译

Globalization is sweeping aside national borders and changing relations between nations. What impact does this have on national identities and loyalties? Are they strengthened or weakened? The author investigates. 全球化正在扫除国界、改变国与国之间的关系。这对国家的认同和对国家的忠诚会带来什么影响呢？它们会得到加强还是削弱？作者对这些问题进行了探讨。 In Search of Davos ManPeter Gumbel 1. William Browder was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. But don't call him an American. For the past 16 of his 40 years he has lived outside the ., first in London and then, from 1996, in Moscow, where he runs his own investment firm. Browder now manages $ billion in assets. In 1998 he gave up his American passport to become a British citizen, since his life is now centered in Europe. "National identity makes no difference for me," he says. "I feel completely international. If you have four good friends and you like what you are doing, it doesn't matter where you are. That's globalization." 寻找达沃斯人 彼得·甘贝尔 威廉·布劳德出生于新泽西州的普林斯顿，在芝加哥长大，就读于加利福尼亚州的斯坦福大学。但别叫他美国人。他今年40岁，过去16年来一直生活在美国以外的地方，先是在伦敦，1996年后在莫斯科经营他自己的投资公司。布劳德如今掌管着价值16亿美元的资产。1998年，他放弃美国护照，成为英国公民，因为他现在的生活中心在欧洲。“国家认同对我来说不重要，”他说，“我觉得自己完全是个国际人。如果你有四个朋友，又喜欢你所做的事情，那么你在哪儿无关紧要。这就是全球化。” 2. Alex Mandl is also a fervent believer in globalization, but he views himself very differently. A former president of AT&T, Mandl, 61, was born in Austria and now runs a French technology company, which is doing more and more business in China. He reckons he spends about 90% of his time traveling on business. But despite all that globetrotting, Mandl who has been a . citizen for 45 years still identifies himself as an American. "I see myself as American without any hesitation. The fact that I spend a lot of time in other places doesn't change that," he says. 亚历克斯·曼德尔也是全球化的狂热信徒，但他对自己的看法与布劳德不同。61岁的曼德尔曾任美国电报电话公司总裁。他出生于奥地利，现在经营着一家法国技术公司，该公司在中国的业务与日俱增。他估计自己几乎90%的时间都花在出差上。然而，尽管曼德尔全球到处跑，已经做了45年美国公民的他还是认为自己是个美国人。“我毫不迟疑地把自己当作美国人。我在其他地方度过很多时间，但是这一事实不能改变我是美国人，”他说。 3. Although Browder and Mandl define their nationality differently, both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth. And not incidentally, both are Davos Men, members of the international business élite who trek each year to the Swiss Alpine town for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum, founded in 1971. This week, Browder and Mandl will join more than 2,200 executives, politicians, academics, journalists, writers and a handful of Hollywood stars for five days of networking, parties and endless earnest discussions about everything from post-election Iraq and HIV in Africa to the global supply of oil and the implications of nanotechnology. Yet this year, perhaps more than ever, a hot topic at Davos is Davos itself. Whatever their considerable differences, most Davos Men and