高中人教版英语选修8第2课测试

Test on Unit 2

I. V ocabulary (20%)

A. Complete the following sentences with the right words or word forms.

1. Fear of speaking in front of the public would be considered a p___________ problem.

2. Another key m_________ in space travel was reached when Dennis Tito made his overall self-funded space tour in 2001.

3. A robot is a machine designed to do military or c__________ jobs that are usually performed by humans.

4. The door opened and in came the famous movie star along with his beautiful and e________ wife in a fashionable evening dress.

5. It was his perseverance that contributed to his success. He wouldn’t be there o__________.

6. The i________ calculated 8.9-magnitude earthquake in Japan was later raised to 9 magnitude by the Japanese officials, according to the ShenZhen Daily.

7. He is so determined that nothing can b_____ him from doing that.

8. Long-time __________(expose) to intense radiation from the sun, as is known to all, will put people at a risk of cancer.

9. The chair looks cool and what’s more, it’s _________ (adjust).

10. Sleep ________(deprive) can result in mental disorder, so make sure to have enough sleep.

11. Word came that the Central Government would provide a _______ (sustain) support to some privately-owned enterprises.

12. To her ______ (satisfy), the mission to rescue the trapped people in the fire was done perfectly.

13. Steven got poor grades and did very bad in his entrance exam. What do you think __________ of his

getting into a good university?

14. Since your parents ________ your future career, why not make a good use of your time and do a good

job?

15. On March 12, one day after the awful earthquake in Japan, several fishermen were rescued after their

sounds __________ by a television crew's microphone.

16. Don’t tease the dog---_____ him _____.

17. The sum mer vacation is coming and I’m trying to _______ a bit of money to pay for a wonderful

holiday.

18. _______ clothes, daily necessities, a pile of books and all kinds of snacks, her suitcase is overweight.

As a result, she had to pay a lot of extra money for her greediness.

19. Mike __________ a walking dictionary. No word seems to be difficult to him.

20. Keep away from those chemicals that ____________your health.

II. Multiple Choice (10%)

21. –I don't suppose the police know who did it.

–Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _______ now.

A. has been questioned

B. is being questioned

C. is questioning

D. has questioned

22. It is said that the early European playing-cards ________for entertainment and education.

A. were being designed

B. have designed

C. have been designed

D. were designed

23. Although the causes of cancer ______, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.

A. are being uncovered

B. have been uncovering

C. are uncovering

D. have uncovered

24. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third ______ used regularly. Now we

have 60 working all day long.

A. is

B. were

C. was

D. are

25. Her clear and elegant prose ______ her _______ from most other journalists.

A. sets … aside

B. sets … down

C. sets … apart

D. sets … up

26. They desired that they __________ the right to attend the meeting.

A. had

B. have

C. are

D. were

27. I just wonder ________ that makes him so excited.

A. why it does

B. what he does

C. what it is

D. how it is

28. –Mom, what did your doctor say?

–He advised me to live ________ the air is fresher.

A. in where

B. in which

C. the place where

D. where

29. This is a very interesting book. I'll buy it, ________.

A. no matter how it may cost

B. how may it cost

C. how much may it cost

D. however much it may cost

30. The accident happened on such an evening with strong winds ________by heavy rain.

A. appeared

B. happened

C. accompanied

D. mixed

III. Passage Completion (10%)

CHINA’s first Mars probe（探测仪）will be launched from a Russian rocket in Kazakhstan by the end of this year, https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4914373552.html, reported.

The Mars __31__ (explore), Yinghuo-1, marks the country’s first a ttempt at deep space exploration after its sending of a probe to the moon. It __32__ (take) the 110 kg probe ten months to reach the red planet. It is not a __33__ (land) probe, __34__ will explore the Martian space environment from its orbit around Mars for a year. There will be a special focus on __35__ happens to the water that appears __36__ (exist) on the planet.

__37__ all the planets in the solar system, Mars is the one __38__ is most similar to the Earth. The fact that it has plenty of CO2 in solid form may mean it has the potential to become __39__ Earth within 200 years, said Ouyang Ziyuan , __40__ member of China’s Academy of Sciences.

IV. Cloze Test(15%)

Over half the world’s people now live in cities. The latest “Global Report on Human Settlements” says

a significant change took place last year. The report __41__ this week from U.N. Habitat, a United Nations agency.

A century ago, __42__ than five percent of all people lived in cities. By the middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or __43__ six and a half billion people. Already three-fourths of people in __44__ countries live in cities. Now most urban population __45__ is in the developing world.

Urbanization can __46__ to social and economic progress, but also put __47__ on cities to provide housing and __48__ . The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move into cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities, __49__ by social divisions and differences in __50__ , could result in violence and crime __51__ cities plan better.

Another issue is urban sprawl (无序扩展的城区). This is where cities __52__ quickly into rural areas, sometimes at a much faster rate than urban population growth.

Sprawl is common in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the __53__ cities to smaller ones. He sees a __54__ toward “de-urbanization” across the nation. But urban economies still provide many __55__ that rural areas do not.

41. A. came on B. came off C. came over D. came out

42. A. more B. other C. less D. rather

43. A. really B. barely C. ever D. almost

44. A. flourishing B. developed C. thriving D. fertile

45. A. extension B. addition C. raise D. growth

46. A. keep B. turn C. lead D. refer

47. A. pressure B. load C. restraint D. weight

48. A. surroundings B. communities C. concerns D. services

49. A. pulled B. driven C. drawn D. pressed

50. A. situation B. wealth C. treasure D. category

51. A. when B. if C. unless D. whereas

52. A. expand B. split C. invade D. enlarge

53. A. essential B. prior C. primitive D. major

54. A. trend B. style C. direction D. path

55. A. abilities B. qualities C. possibilities D. realities

V. Reading Comprehension (20%)

A

It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.

Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career

was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.

The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.

Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all th eir time on a narrow research project.”

56. By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.

A. university researchers know little about the commercial world

B. there is little exchange between industry and academia

C. few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university

D few university professors are willing to do industrial research

57. The word “deterrent” (Line 2, Para. 1) most probably refers to something that ________.

A. keeps someone from taking action

B. helps to move the traffic

C. attracts people’s attention

D. brings someone a financial burden

58. What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?

A. Flexible work hours.

B. Her research interests

C. Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.

D. Prospects of academic accomplishments.

59. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.

A. do financially more rewarding work

B. raise his status in the academic world

C. enrich his experience in medical research

D. exploit better intellectual opportunities

60. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?

A. Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market.

B. Develop its students’ potential in research.

C. Help it to obtain financial support from industry.

D Gear its research towards practical applications.

B

While IQ (Intelligence Quotient) tells you how smart you are. EQ (Emotional Quotient) tells you how well you use your smartness. Professor Salovery, the psychologist who created the term, EQ, says that it is IQ that gets you hired but it is EQ that gets you promoted.

Supported by his research, he suggested that when predicting future successes, a person’s bra inpower, as measured by IQ tests, might actually matter less than a person’s character, or EQ. Professor Salovery may be correct. For example, have you ever wondered why some of the best and smartest students in your class end up failing exams? Perhaps it is because of their EQ. People often make the mistake of thinking that EQ is the opposite of IQ. It is not. Although it is hoped that people have both high EQs and IQs, there is little doubt that those with low EQs have a hard time surviving in life.

For a long time, researchers discussed if a person’s IQ could be raised. The geneticists said no, while the social scientists said yes. Furthermore, the social scientists said that it was possible to improve a person’s EQ, particularly in terms of “people skills”, such as understanding and communication.

Recently, a professor released the findings of a study on senior high school students. When some normal students were introduced to some disabled students, they found that afterwards they were more wil ling to help people in difficulties. At the same time, there was a marked change in the disabled students’ attitudes. They became more positive about their disabilities and were more eager to try new things. People with high EQs often have positive attitudes towards life and are open to different ideas, so they tend to be more creative in their thinking. Please remember that having a high IQ is helpful but having a high EQ might even be more helpful.

61. According to Professor Salovery, what factor matters the most in predicting whether a person will be

successful or not?

A. How a person tests his / her brainpower.

B. A person’s character.

C. How smart a person is.

D. A person’s IQ.

62. The second paragraph tells us that .

A. people who have a high IQ always have a high EQ

B. EQ is the opposite of IQ

C. people who have a low EQ tend to have a hard life

D. people who have a high EQ always have a high IQ

63. What did the professor find from his study of normal students being introduced to some disabled

children?

A. Students with disabilities were not open in trying new things.

B. There was no change in the normal students.

C. The disabled students became more positive and more eager to try new things.

D. The disabled students were more willing to help others.

64. Which of the following is the writer’s attitude toward EQ and IQ?

A. IQ is more helpful to people than EQ.

B. IQ can be raised by understanding and communication.

C. EQ can get people hired.

D. A high EQ is of great benefit in getting people promoted.

65. Which of the following would be the best title of this passage?

A. A person’s brainpower.

B. IQ, EQ and success.

C. IQ and a person’s character.

D. A person’s IQ and EQ.

C

Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends,

neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.

Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more l ikely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.

So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.

A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so th eir health is interconnected.”

66. William Farr’s study and other studies show that _________.

A. social life provides an effective cure for illness

B. being sociable helps improve one’s quality of life

C. women benefit more than men from marriage

D. marriage contributes a great deal to longevity

67. Linda Waite’s studies support the idea that _________.

A. older men should quit smoking to stay healthy

B. marriage can help make up for ill health

C. the married are happier than the unmarried

D. unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life

68. It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (Line 4, Para. 2) refers to _________.

A. the disadvantages of being married

B. the emotional problems arising from marriage

C. the responsibility of taking care of one’s family

D. the consequence of a broken marriage

69. What does the author say about social networks?

A. They have effects similar to those of a marriage.

B. They help develop people’s community spirit.

C. They provide timely support for those in need.

D. They help relieve people of their life’s burdens.

70. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. It’s important that we develop a social network when young.

B. To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.

C. Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.

D. We should share our social networks with each other.

D

All Eskimos live most of their lives close to sea or fresh water. They may follow game inland for several hundred miles, but they always return to the shores of rivers, lakes, or seas. Eskimo land has a bare look. Large rocks, pebbles, and sand cover much of the surface. Plants called lichen (地衣) grow on the rocks, and where there is enough soil, grass, flowers, and even small bushes manage to live. No trees can grow on Eskimo land, so geographers sometimes call it the Arctic plains. There are some animals in Eskimo land, such as rabbits, which eat the plants. Other animals, like the white fox and the gray wolf, eat the rabbits. The Eskimo is a meat-eater, too, and may even eat a wolf when food is scarce.

The Eskimo year has two main parts: a long, cold winter and a short, cool summer. Spring and fall are almost too short to be noticed. Summer is the best time, as food is usually plentiful. But it is also the time when Eskimos are very busy. Winter is never far away, and the men must bring home extra meat for the women to prepare and store, for seldom can enough animals be killed in winter to feed a family.

The Far North is sometimes called the land of the midnight sun. This is true in the middle of summer, for between April 21st and August 21st the sun never sets in Northern Greenland. But in midwinter the Far North is a land with no sunshine at all. Around Oct. 21st the Eskimos of Northern Greenland see the sun set directly south of them, and they don’t see it again until February 22nd. All places on earth get about the same amount of daylight during a year. As a result, if summer is lighter, winter has to be darker.

Winter nights in the Far North are seldom pitch-black. As in the rest of the world, the stars and moon provide a little light. The northern lights also help the Eskimo to see. And with the ground covered with snow, even a little light is reflected back to the Eskimo’s eyes.

71. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Eskimos do not usually eat wolves.

B. Eskimos like to chase one another.

C. Eskimos depend heavily on water.

D. Eskimos are meat-eaters.

72. In the Eskimo year, _________.

A. there is no spring and fall

B. winter is cold and summer is hot

C. summer is a time for growing food

D. winter comes early and goes late

73. What’s the meaning of the underlined words “pitch-black” in Paragraph 4?

A. Dark with a little light.

B. A little dark.

C. Not dark at all.

D. Extremely dark.

74. From the passage, we can infer all of the following EXCEPT that_______.

A. Eskimos are more likely to eat wolves in summer

B. Eskimo women are responsible for housework

C. meat is the main source of food for the Eskimo

D. hunting is an important part of Eskimo life

75. Why is summer lighter in the Far North?

A. Because the Far North is far away from the sun.

B. Because the sun is not seen for five months of the year.

C. Because the sun never sets in midsummer.

D. Because people see the sun set directly south of them.

VI. Writing（25%）

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

A long time ago, there was a Swan Lake on a small island in the south. An old fisherman and his wife lived there. The fisherman went fishing every day and his wife just stayed at home raising chickens and ducks. They we re shut away from the outside world except shopping at the grocer’s.

One autumn, some swans came to the island from the far-away north to live through the winter. As they had been very lonely since they moved here, the old couple were so glad to see the swans there, so they fed them with small fish and chicken food. Soon, they became very close friends. The swans enjoyed themselves and went out with the old fisherman and saw him fishing. When the lake was frozen, the couple brought them into their hut and gave them food. Even when winter was over, the swans were unwilling to leave away from the fisherman, looking for food on the lake in the daytime and resting on the island at night. The old couple looked after them carefully until spring came when the ice on the lake melted. For many years, the old couple did so. But one day, the old couple became very ill and died. Since then, the swans could not find anybody to take care of them and finally they died of cold when winter came and the lake froze.

[写作内容]

1．以约30个词概括短文的主要内容。

2．以大约120个词，从“渔夫夫妇”或者“天鹅”的行为任选一个角度发表你的看法，并包括如下要点：

1）请你对“渔夫夫妇”的做法或者“天鹅”接受“渔夫夫妇”的关爱导致的结果进行评价，并说出理由：2）假如你是“渔夫夫妇”或者“天鹅”，你该怎么做？

Answer Sheet for Unit 1 Name_________________

（1-75题每题1分）

I．Vocabulary

1._______________

2._______________

3._______________

4.________________

5._______________

6._______________

7._______________

8.________________

9._______________ 10.______________ 11.______________ 12._______________13._______________ 14.___________________

15._____________________16._____________________ 17.____________________

18.____________________19._____________________ 20._____________________

II. Multiple Choice

21-25___________________ 26-30_____________________

III. Passage Completion

31.____________ 32._____________ 33._______________ 34.______________ 35.______________ 36.____________ 37._____________ 38._______________ 39.______________ 40.______________ IV. Cloze Test

41-45____________________ 46-50_________________ 51-55____________________

V. Reading Comprehension

56-60_______________ 61-65_________________66-70_________________71-75__________________

VI. Writing (25%)

______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________

Answers to test 2

前75题每题一分

I. words: 1. psychological 2. milestone 3.

civilian 4. elegant 5. otherwise 6.

initially

7. bar 8. exposure 9. adjustable 10. deprivation 11. sustained 12. satisfaction 13. stood in the way 14. have paved the way for

15. were picked up 16. leave…alone

17. set aside 18. Filled with 19. is known

as 20. are hazardous to

II. multiple choice: 21-25 BDABC 26-30 BCDDC

III. passage completion: 31. explorer 32. will take 33. landing 34. but 35. what

36. to have existed 37. Of 38. that 39. another 40. a

IV. cloze: 41-45 DCDBD 46-50 CADBB 51-55 CADAC

V. Reading comprehension: 56-60 CABDA 61-65 BCCDB 66-70 DBAAB 71-75

BDDAC

VI. Writing

A sample for reference

A couple living in a small island took great care of some migrant swans, which came to rely on them. When they died, the swans couldn’t live independently and died too.

There is no denying that the couple loved the swans so much that they spared no effort to help the swans. Helpful as it was at that moment, it gradually weakened the swans’ living ability and cultivated the habit of laziness. Eventually, they took all the help for granted and completely depended on others. In the long run, this kind of love spoiled the swans.

Had I been the couple, I wouldn’t have done the favor to them unconditionally. Instead, I would have forced them to live independently, which might be cruel but would prove to be adequate.

The harmful love is to arrange everything perfectly for him while the real love is to give him wings which results in life-long benefits.

高中英语选修课程的建设

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人教版高中英语必修10课文逐句翻译(高二)

人教版选修10课文译文 一次成功的失败经历 如果起初不成功，就要一次又一次地尝试。——W·C·菲尔兹 1914 年 8 月，珀斯·布莱克鲍罗参加了欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士的“持久号”轮船南极探险。沙克尔顿是他那个时代最负盛名的探险家，加入他的探险活动被认为是一种巨大的荣耀。现在请看读帕斯所讲故事的第一部分。 1916 年 8 月 29 日慢慢地，我把头探出睡袋，向四周看了看。一切都是灰色的：小屋里面看上去是灰色的，晨曦看上去是灰色的，燃油炉上噗噗作响的罐子也是灰色的。同往常一样，气味中混合着汗液、海豹油脂和脏内衣的味道，几乎让人难以忍受。我尝试着想一些快乐的事情：温暖和干爽的衣服、舒适的卧室、阳光灿烂的日子、妈妈的脸庞，以及返家后得到的庆贺，因为我是试图横穿南极大陆的一次失败探险活动的成员之一，这种事以前还没有人做过。正想到这儿，一条黑毛毯掉下来把我盖住，几乎把美好时光的记忆封闭住了。 一想到由于冻伤变黑而必须截去的腐烂的脚趾头，我就感到喘不过气来。我们的境况让人绝望，谁也不清楚会不会活着回去。也许好些年后，我们的尸体会被其他探险队所辨认并搜集起来。 正当我快要变得自我怜惜起来时，我们营棚的门开了，一股冷空气穿过营棚。“把门关上!”我用一种自己都快辨认不出来的沙哑的嗓音嚷嚷道。“坚持下去，珀斯。不要变成另一个汤姆。”一个声音在应答。“我们又逮住了一只企鹅，今晚有企鹅汤喝了!”保佑弗兰克一吓尔德，他可是我们的头儿欧内斯特·沙克尔顿之外最好的人啦。我怎么能像汤姆·奥德·利兹那样自私自利和脾气暴躁呢!我挣扎着下床，新的一天开始了。 当初宣布探险活动时，我才 20 岁，老梦想着要去冒险。所以在 1914 年 7 月的一个早晨，我是怀着无比激动的心情读以下这则广告的： 为危险之旅招募人手：工资低廉、寒冷无比、数月不见天日、无法确保安全返回。如果成功，荣耀和报酬将会接踵而至。欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士。 同伟大的欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士去南极探险——我被深深地迷住了!我是探险的门外汉，但我年轻，身体健康而且精力充沛。我偷偷地上了“持久号”轮船，藏在一个小橱里。直到轮船已开始航行了，我才被人发现，而且晕船晕得很厉害。不管怎么说，沙克尔顿似乎对我傻乎乎的行为感兴趣，并且接受了这种局面。他让我当一名伙计，协助做 28 个人一天三顿的饭菜。 1915 年 1 月 18 日，正当我们接近南极时，“持久号”被海上的浮冰(有的坚固无比，有的破裂成若干巨大的冰块浮在水上)卡住了。周围的冰都冻结了，我们千真万确地被困住了!轮船在我们的眼前慢慢地被挤坏。我相信沙克尔顿肯定会对这次探险意想不到的结局而痛心，但他并没有把时间浪费在遗憾和悔恨中。他镇静地把大家召集在一起，然后紧急宣布我们必须在船沉下去之前，只抢出基本给养，尤其是小船、食物、炊具、蜡烛、卧具和衣服。为了显示自己的决心，沙克尔顿把一些金币和他的金表扔到冰上。然而，让我感到惊讶的是，他竟鼓励赫西带上班卓琴。他把班卓琴描述成让我们保持精神振奋的关键。 他的顽强精神赢得了我们对他的完全信赖。他对我们也总是坦诚相待(就像广告中那样)，他从不灰心丧气，从不放弃，甚至当轮船沉下去时也是如此。1916 年 4 月 9 日，我们搬到了大象岛上现在的宿营地。不久沙克尔顿给我们这里的生活列出了规矩：取消级别和社会地位上的差异，每个人都得忙起来；公平分配食物和卧具；关心每一个人。这种团队精神鼓舞了船员们的士气，并挽救了我们的生命。 我们在大象岛上一安顿好，沙克尔顿就马上向大家解释了他的营救计划：22 人留在这里，他挑选其他五个人去南乔治亚求援。由于谁也不知道我们身处何地，所以不能指望任何外部救援。我永远也不会忘记眼看着小船从哗哗作响的波浪中消失在波涛汹涌的大洋里的情景。留在大象岛上的人发誓要按他所主张的那样做：在他返回来救我们之前要保持乐观、恢复健康。

英语演讲选修课教案14 Persuasive 2

山东理工大学教案

Lesson 12 Persuasive speeches II Sample Speech with Commentary The following persuasive speech was presented in a public speaking class at the university of Wisconsin. It deals with a question of policy and is a good example of how students can utilize the methods of persuasion discussed in this chapter. Self-Defense on Campus Rebecca Hanson You’re tired; you’re hungry. You’re just spent a long day at College Library and you can’t wait to gel back to your room. Glancing outside, you remember how quickly it becomes dark. You don’t think much of it, though, as you bundle up and head out into the gusty wind. Not until you spy the shadows on the sidewalk or hear the leaves rustling beside you do you wish you weren’t alone. You walk quickly, trying to stop your imagination from thinking of murderers and rapists. Only when you are safely inside your room do you relax and try to stop your heart from pounding out of your chest. The speaker begins with an extended hypothetical example. Vivid and richly textured, it gains attention and relates the topic directly to the audience .It also contains a strong element of emotional appeal—especially for female students who have experienced the feelings described by the speaker. Can you remember a time when you felt this way? I would be surprised if you never have. The FBI reported last year that there were three murders, approximately 430 aggravated assaults, 1,400 burglaries, and 80rapes here in Madison alone. And while these statistics are quite alarming, they don’t even compare to the numbers of larger metropolitan areas. When you begin a speech with a hypothetical example, it’s a good idea to follow up with statistics showing that the example is not farfetched. The statistics in this paragraph are especially effective because they come from the city in which the speech was given.