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M10 U1 基础词汇

M10 U1 基础词汇
M10 U1 基础词汇

Reading

Ⅰ.重点句型

1.In 1985, there was little rainfall in Ethiopia, which led to poor harvest and the death of many of the country’s

cattle. (Line1-2)

In 1985, there was little rainfall in Ethiopia, leading to /contributing to/ resulting in poor harvest and the death of many of the country’s cattle.

2.Geldof intended the concert to raise money for hunger relief and to make the public more aware of the

problem. (Line6-7)

The concert was intended to raise money for hunger relief and to make the public more conscious of the problem.

3.The WFP has organized a number of programmes, including the Food-for-Life programme,…(Line17-18)

The WFP has organized a number of programmes, the Food-for-Life programme included

4.Although this is a bit different from conventional business, the programme is growing fast, and many people

have been quite successful in it. (Line50-51)

While/Though this is a bit different from traditional business, the programme is developing fast, and many people have succeeded in it.

Ⅱ.重点短语:

1.导致lead to

2.为…筹集资金raise money for

3.使公众明白make the public aware of

4.成为重要新闻make the headlines

5.给某人施加压力put pressure on

6.死于饥饿die of starvation

7.与…有关的问题problem related to…

8.努力解决…的困境

wrestle with the dilemma of

9.在困难时期during times of trouble

10.成立set up

11.处于危险状态at risk

12.养活某人自己support oneself

13.毫无疑问beyond doubt 14.处于关键时刻stand at a crossroads

15.远远落后于fall further behind developed

countries

16.短期的解决方法a short-term solution to

17.允许某人做某事allow sb. to do sth.

18.解决失业问题

address the problem of unemployment

19.培养交际能力

develop one’s communication skill s

20.被某人控制,受某人照料lie in the hands of sb.

21.结束be over

22.…是…良好开端be a good start towards…

23.填饱肚子fill one’s belly

Ⅲ.重点解析

1.……, which led to poor harvest and and the death of many of the country’s cattle.(Line1-2)

lead to : 导致,to 是介词. cattle n. → pl. cattle two head of cattle 两头牛

1).Which do you enjoy __________ the weekend, going swimming or watching TV.

A. spend

B. spending

C. spent

D. to spend

2).At last, the day we looked forward to _______ .

A. come

B. coming

C. came

D. had come

3).As a Senior 3 student, your time should have been made full use of ________ the entrance examinations, but

to my regret, _________.

A. to pass, you shouldn’t

B. passing, it was

C. to pass, you didn’t

D. having passed, it wasn’t

4).The theory he stuck to_______ correct.

A. turned out

B. to turn out

C. turning out

D.turn out

5).Natural resources should be taken advantage of ____nature.

A.not to destroy

B.not destroying

C.not destroyed

D.to destroy

高考链接:

1. (06江苏)

--- It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.

--- Well, you know what they say. _________.

A. There is no smoke without fire

B. Practice makes perfect

C. All roads lead to Rome

D. No pains, no gains

2. (04 湖北)

Once a decision has been made , all of us should it .

A.direct to B.stick to C.lead to D.refer to

2. Geldof intended the concert to raise money for hunger relief and make the public more aware of the problem.

(Line6-7)

sb. intend sb.to do sth. = sb. be intended to do sth. =sb. intend that…打算让某人做某事intend sb. to do sth. 想或打算让某人做某事。

be intended to do sth/intend to do sth/ intend doing sth 打算/想要做…

1)他打算让他的儿子接管他的生意。

He intended his son to take over his business.

=Their son is intended to take over the company.

=They intend that their son will take over the company.

2)他站起来,打算离开办公室。

He stood up, intended to leave his office.

3.In fact, hunger is the number one global health risk, killing more people than any disease.(L15-16)

1).这大概是世界上最短的跨国桥梁了,长度只有10米。

This perhaps is the shortest bridge over two countries in the world, measuring only ten metres long.

2).这次自然灾害很严重,对当地人们造成了巨大损失。

This natural disaster is very serious, causing great losses to the local people.

4. There is a saying that goes “Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed

him for a lifetime.”(L31-33)

1).go指消息,谚语等的说法是……

正如谚语所说:“罗马不是一天建成的”。

As a saying goes, Rome is not built in one day.

The story goes that he was once rich, but I do not believe it.

2).There is a saying that goes… (定语从句)

= A saying goes that ……,(同位语从句)

高考链接:

(06浙江)

--- What should I do first?

--- The instructions ______ that you should mix flour with water carefully first.

A. go

B. tell

C. write

D. say

3). Give a man a fish ,and you feed him for a day.

★祈使句+ and /or(else) / otherwise + sb. will (not) do sth

好好努力,否则你要落后于你的同学的。

Work hard, or you will fall behind your classmates.

5. …countries need to develop so that they can either grow the food they need, or have enough money to buy this

food on the world market.

★…so that… 以便,为了…

他写下了我的地址以便能够记住它。

★either…or…要么…要么…; 或者…或者…

He wrote down my address so that he could remember it.

他们要么没有时间要么不知该怎么做。

They either have no time or don’t know how to do it.

或者是她或者是我将成为获胜者。

Either she or I am going to be the winner.

6.What developing countries really need to do is to stop ……(L35-36)

The infrastructure of a country is what makes everything run smoothly.(L36-37)

1).他再也不是十年前的那个他了。

He is no longer what he was ten years ago.

2).他住在一个叫如东的地方.

He lives in what’s called Rudong county.

7. Clearly, development aid together with food aid is the long-term solution to the problem of poverty.

主谓一致:由with, along with, together with, as well as, but, except, like, including, rather than等连接主语时,谓语动词的数由前面的主语决定。

他,以及他的孩子们,下个星期去日本度假。

He, as well as his children, is going to take a vacation in Japan next week.

★address n. 地址v. 称呼;发表演说;提出;写地址;处理

address sb. 给某人作报告address common concerns 解决共同关心的问题Address/ speech/ lecture / report/ talk 这些名词均含“演讲,讲话,报告”之意。address: 正式用词,指在庄严隆重的场合作精心准备的演讲或正式演说。speech: 普通用词,指一般的发言或讲话,可以是事先准备的,也可以是即席的。lecture: 侧重带学术性的演讲。

report: 一般是指下级给上级或负责人给委托机关的书面或口头报告。

talk: 常用词,强调非正式讲话,讲话方式一般较为自由。

Word Power & Grammar &Task

Ⅰ.重点短语:

1.指的是refer to

2.与……有关be involved in

3.属于belong to

4.不是…而是… not … but…

5.名胜places of interest

6.网上冲浪surf on the Net

7.发展成develop into…

8.由…发展而来evolve from

9.一则,再则for one thing, for another/also

10.结果as a result

11.相反地on the contrary

12.首先,尤其重要的是above all 13.另外in addition

14.负债累累be heavily in debt

15.挣扎着做某事struggle to do sth.

16.补做,补上catch up on sth.

17.取消债务cancel debts

18.只要as/so long as

19.感到经济的拮据

feel the economic squeeze

20.是……的东道主be host to

21.没门No way.

22.不可能,不行out of the question

Ⅱ. 重点句型:

1.However, very high interest rates have created a situation where countries in the developing world now

spend $ 13 on ……(P.9)

We often meet a situation where we may know somebody, but we can’t remember his name.

It is a situation which/that we often come across in our daily life.

2.On the top floor is the Pacific Seafood Restaurant, where ……(P.11)

表语倒装,正常语序为The Pacific Seafood Restaurant is on ……

1). 墙上挂着两张照片,其中一幅是我爷爷拍的。

On the wall hang two pictures, one of which was taken by my grandfather.

2).妇女被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。

Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.

3). 出席会议的有来自全国各地的科学家。

Present at the meeting were scientists from all over the country.

3.Also of interest is the Readers Bookshop, where ……(P.11)

表语倒装,of interest = interesting ,这类词还有importance, value,help等。

学好英语是很重要的.

Of importance is to learn English well.

Project

Ⅰ.重点句型

1.This development needs to be different from past development, which polluted the environment and wasted

natural resources.(Line8-11)

This development needs to differ from past development, polluting the environment and wasting natural resources.

2.For all these things, we mostly depend on fuels such as coals, gas and oil to produce energy.(Line33-35)

For all these things, we are mostly dependent on fuels like coals, gas and oil to produce energy.

3.Some people believe that if this continues, oilfields and coals mines will become empty in the

future.(L41-43)

It is believed that if this continues, oilfields and coals mines will run out in the future.

Ⅱ.重点词组:

1.增加到约90亿人increase to about nine billion

people

2.敲响警钟set alarm bells ringing

3.与……不同be different from

4.浪费自然资源waste natural resources

5.问题的可能解决办法the solution to the problem

6.可持续发展sustainable development

7.改善的生活标准improved standard of living

8.将……付诸实施put sth into practice

9.处于危险中in danger/at risk

10.给电器供电power electrical equipment

11.依赖于depend on

12. 用光,耗光use up/run out of/run out

13. 以一种更高的速度at a much higher ate

14.对环境有害be harmful to the environment

15. 导致,促成contribute to

16.努力争取push for

17.可替代能源alternative energy (sources)

18. 更意识到be/become more aware /conscious of

19.收集太阳能最常见的方法the most common way to gather solar energy

20. 发电produce electricity

21. 至少at least

22.例如for example/instance

Ⅲ.重点解析:

1.This should set alarm bells ringing because the bare fact is that, in order for everyone to survive, serious

changes need to be made in global development.(Line3-7)

1).set/send …… doing 指使……处于某种状态。

他所说的使我沉思。What he said set me thinking.

2).事实是有大部分人未意识到环境保护的重要性。

The fact is that the majority of people are not aware of the importance of protecting the environment.

3).为了让每个人都能听清,老师提高了声音。(in order for sb to do sth)

In order for everyone to hear, the teacher raised his voice.

2.One possible solution to this problem now being discussed is sustainable development.(L12-14)

正在被动手术的那个人是他的叔叔。

The patient being operated on is his uncle.

3.The most common way to gather solar energy is by using a complex system of mirrors, pipes and a generator

or storage tank.(L64-68)

学好英语的方法是通过多操练。

The way to learn English well is by practising.

4.Alternative energy sources can be used without running out.(Line51-52)

★ run out (无被动) 被用完

My patience is beginning to run out.

我快没有耐心了。

★ run out 和run out of的区别

sb. run out of sth. 某人用完某物(=use up sth)

sth. run out 某物被用完这个结构用主动的形式表示被动的意思

eg. I’ve run out of milk/money.(My milk/money has run out.)

-Oh, dear, don't sleep any longer, we will run out of the time soon.

-Do you mean _____?

A. time will run out of

B. time will run out

C. time will be run out

D. few time has gone by

5.The pipes have oil or water inside them, which is either heated and sent to a storage tank until needed or used

to boil water in a generator.(L70-73)

1). Which非限制性定语从句,还可代替前面整个句子,注意与as的区别。

他老是犯同样的错误,这一点让我很生气。

He is always making the same mistake, which makes me angry.

正如一句谚语所说:“熟能生巧”。

As a saying goes, practice makes perfect.

2). either……or……,连接并列结构,如主语,宾语,状语等,也可连接两个句子。

要么是你,要么是我错了。(主语)

Either you or I am wrong.

你要么进来,要么出去。(谓语)

You either come in or go out.

3). Until needed 是省略。英语中状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致,从句中可省去主语和be动

词。从句主语为it时,用法类似。

除非被邀请,否则我不会去参加他的生日聚会的。

Unless invited, I will not attend his birthday party.

吃饭时,请别讲话。

While eating, don’t speak.

6..and see renewable energy promoted around the world.(Line107-113)

★See …… done “确保” see to it that…

大家都在努力工作,以确保这些项目得以顺利实施。

Everybody is working hard to see these programs carried out smoothly.

★See “见证”=witness

1997见证了香港的回归。The year of 1997 saw the return of Hongkong.

学生作业

Ⅰ.介、副词填空

1.Today,some developing countries stand________a crossroads.

2.________wrestling with the dilemma of worldwide hunger, the United Nations set up an agency called the World Food Programme.

3.________programmes like these, the WFP has helped more than one billion people since it was set up.

4.What developing countries really need to do is to stop poverty________fighting the causes of it.

5.The infrastructure of a country is what makes everything run________.

6.There are hundreds of success stories from all________the developing world. 7.There is no quick and easy solution________pollution problem.

8.These things provide a framework ________new jobs to be created.

9.We must remember that the future of a country lies ________the hands of its children.

10.The sad truth is that ________sending loaves of bread is not enough.

Ⅱ.单词拼写

1.E________and training for young children is so important.

2.Another way to help a country is through the development of p________enterprises along with job training.

3.Many experts s________the need for developing the infrastructure of a country. 4.One program t________ farmers has seen great results in Southeast Asia.

5.In a poor country, this program f________on development and reducing unemployment.

6.This should set alarm bells________(响).

7.________(可持续性)development is long-term planning.

8.This idea is simple but difficult to put into________(实践).

9.Nearly everything we do in our modern lives requires the use of the Earth's natural________(资源).

10.Some people in Nigeria are training to become operators of________(太阳的)energy.

Ⅲ.翻译与仿写

1.Geldof intended the concert to raise money for hunger relief and to make the public

2.more aware of the problem.

翻译:____________________________________________________________

仿写:他打算让我来实施这个计划。

__________________________________________________________________

2.The concert also made the headlines around the world that it put great pressure on

politicians and statesmen to do something about the problem of world hunger.

翻译:____________________________________________________________

仿写:他的声望给他的生活带来了很多压力。

__________________________________________________________________

3.It is beyond doubt an amazing achievement.

翻译:_____________________________________________________________

仿写:他的成就毫无疑问是个奇迹。

__________________________________________________________________

4.Merely sending loaves of bread is not enough.

翻译:_____________________________________________________________

仿写:仅仅送钱是不足以帮助他们的。

__________________________________________________________________

5.There is a saying that goes“Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day.”

翻译:_____________________________________________________________

仿写:俗话说,金钱不是一切。

__________________________________________________________________

Ⅳ.语篇填词

__1__wrestling with the dilemma of worldwide hunger,the United Nations set up the World Food Programme in 1963.The WFP has __2__a number of programmes,__3__the Food-for-Life programme,which sends __4__food aid to countries during times of trouble;The Food-for-Growth programme,which __5__people most at risk,such as babies,pregnant women and the __6__;the Food-for-Work programme,which helps people without jobs support themselves by giving them work and __7__them in food aid.__8__programmes like these,the WFP has helped more than one billion people __9__it was set up.It is beyond doubt an amazing__10__,but is it enough?

Ⅴ.单项填空

1.—If I don't get some money from my parents by Friday,could I borrow some from

you?

—________.But can I know why?

A.Never mind B.Not at all

C.By no means D.By all means

2.Jack could have avoided that terrible car accident,but he ________careful enough.

A.is not B.was not

C.hasn't been D.hadn't been

3.Apart from his monthly salary as a sales manager,he also gets a travel

________that covers hotel bills.

A.insurance B.circumstance

C.allowance D.competence

4.The sport then was a little different from ________we currently know as

gymnastics.

A.that B.what C.which D.where

5.________the apartment,the firefighters shut off the gas,opened the windows and rescued the old couple.

A.To break into B.To be broken into

C.Having broken into D.Broken into

6.The traffic problems have severely affected economic development.________we must spare no efforts to solve them.

A.Furthermore B.Therefore

C.Meanwhile D.Nevertheless

7.The real threat of fraud on the Internet has highlighted the fact ________consumers fear shopping on line.

A.what B.that C.when D.which 8.With the advances of technology,plastics have taken the place of many ________materials.

A.conventional B.optional

C.artificial D.potential

9.________yourself with positive people and you will keep focused on what you can do instead of what you can't.

A.Surrounding B.Surrounded

C.Surround D.Having surrounded

10.No one in the world is perfect,and even famous people may have their________.

A.feet of clay B.cup of tea

C.piece of cake D.hearts of gold

11.________,the students remain optimistic and try hard to achieve their goals.

A.As they are faced with fierce pressure

B.As fierce pressure that they are faced with

C.Fierce as they are faced with pressure

D.Faced with fierce pressure as they are

12.The success of a government should be measured ________the happiness of the people as well as the development of economy.

A.in face of B.in place of

C.in terms of D.in honour of

13.Until we have discussed all the details,no decision________about any new operations.

A.will be made B.is made

C.is being made D.has been made

14.The project is based on an agreement,one of ________purposes is to ensure that the project can be accomplished before the deadline.

A.whose B.which C.its D.what 15.Those who continuously acquire new knowledge that they can ________their work are more likely to succeed.

A.contribute to B.correspond to

C.submit to D.apply to

Ⅵ.完形填空

For most people,graduation is an exciting day,but my graduation day was not.

I remember that weekend two years ago.Family and friends had flown in from across the country to__1__the

celebration.But just like everyone else in my class,I had watched the__2__turn from bad to worse in my senior year.Almost all of us graduates had degrees,but very uncertain__3__.

The weeks ahead weren't __4__.I knew my small university town couldn't offer me any opportunities,__5__I packed up my car and drove to Southern California to find work.But what I thought would take a __6__dragged into two,and then four,and 100 job applications later,I found myself in the exact same__7__as

I was before.

You know that feeling when you wake up in__8__?That feeling became a constant in my life.Days felt like weeks,weeks like months,and those many months felt like everlasting__9__.And the most annoying part was no matter how much I tried,I just couldn't seem to make any __10__.

So what did I do to keep my good sense?I decided to__11__.Something about putting words on a page made everything seem a little clearer—a little brighter.Something about writing gave me__12__.And if you want something badly enough,sometimes a little hope is all you__13__ !

I put my __14__into a children's book.Beyond the River was the story of an unlikely hero,a little fish,who

__15__to give up his dream.

And then one day,without any sort of writing degree or contacts in the writing world—just a lot of hard work and determination—I was offered a__16__ contract (合同) for my first book! After that,things slowly began to fall into__17__.I was offered a second book deal.Then,a few months later,I got an interview with the Walt Disney Company and was__18__shortly after.

Don't give up.Even if things look__19__now,don't give up.If you work hard,things will always get better.Often our dreams lie in water just a little further upstream...all we need is the __20__to push beyond the river.

1.A.attend B.hold C.prepare D.enjoy

2.A.environment B.economy C.opportunity D.climate

3.A.choice B.danger C.desire D.future

4.A.quiet B.busy C.easy D.long

5.A.so B.but C.for D.or

6.A.day B.week C.month D.year

7.A.town B.direction C.situation D.habit

8.A.surprise B.fear C.delight D.peace

9.A.glory B.complaint C.love D.pain

10.A.appointment B.progress

C.commitment D.decision

11.A.read B.think C.write D.paint

12.A.hope B.wisdom

C.pleasure D.inspiration

13.https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5f660093.html,ck B.find C.bury D.need

14.A.disapproval B.disagreement

C.dissatisfaction D.disadvantage

15.A.refused B.managed C.failed D.decided

16.A.writing B.translating

C.publishing D.reviewing

17.A.ruin B.place C.pieces D.despair

18.A.rewarded B.paid C.fired D.hired 19.A.different B.unimportant C.strange D.tough

20.A.courage B.chance

C.time D.drea

参考答案

Ⅰ.

1.at 2.In 3.Through 4.by 5.well 6.over7.to

8.for9.in10.merely

Ⅱ.

1.Education 2.private 3.stress 4.targeting 5.focuses

6.ringing7.Sustainable8.practice9.resources10.solar

Ⅲ.

1.Geldof 打算用音乐会来为减少饥饿募捐钱并唤醒人们对饥饿的认识。

He intends me to carry out the plan.

2.这次音乐会引起全世界广泛的注意,这给予解决饥饿问题的政治家们很大的压力。

His reputation puts great pressure on his life.

3.这毫无疑问是个令人震惊的成就。

His achievement is without doubt a wonder.

4.仅仅靠食品是不足以帮助这些国家的。

Money alone is not enough to help them.

5.俗话说:“授人以鱼,三餐之需。”

There is a saying that goes“Money is not everything”.

Ⅳ.

1.In https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5f660093.html,anized 3.including 4.emergency 5.targets

6.elderly7.paying8.Through9.since10.achievement

Ⅴ.

1.D[never mind 没关系(回答别人道歉的话);not at all 没关系(回答别人感谢的话);by no means 一点也不(语气强烈的否定);by all means 当然可以。] 2.B[表示过去的事实。]

3.C[insurance 保险;circumstance 情况;allowance 补贴;competence 能力。] 4.B[what引导名词性从句,并在从句中作know的宾语。]

5.C[现在分词的完成时作状语表示一个比谓语早的主动动作。]

6.B[furthermore 另外;therefore 所以;meanwhile同时;nevertheless 不过。] 7.B[that引导同位语从句。]

8.A[conventional 传统的,常规的;optional 可选择的;artificial 人工的;

potential 潜在的。]

9.C[本句使用了“祈使句+and+陈述句”。]

10.A[feet of clay 致命缺点。]

11.D[as引导让步状语从句,用倒装结构。]

12.C[ in face of 面对;in place of 替代;in terms of 在……方面;in honour of 为了向……表示尊重。]

13.A[时间状语从句用现在时,主句用将来时。]

14.A[whose引导定语从句,并在从句中作定语。]

15.D[apply...to...将……运用于……。]

Ⅵ.

1.A[attend the celebration 出席庆祝活动。]

2.B[从下文的“未来不确定”可以看出,是“经济”不景气。]

3.D[句意:我们所有人几乎都拿到了毕业证,但未来怎么样难以确定。] 4.C[从下文“我知道我的大学所在的城市不能给我提供任何机会……”可知选C。]

5.A[上下句有因果关系。]

6.B[从本段的第一句可知。]

7.C[句意:……我发现自己所处的境况和以前完全相同。]

8.B[wake up in fear吓醒。]

9.D[句意:一天感觉像一周,一周感觉像一个月,一个月感觉像是永久的痛苦。]

10.B[make progress取得进展。]

11.C[从下文看应选C。]

12.A[从下文可看出。]

13.D[句意:……有时候一点希望就是你需要的全部。]

14.C[从上文看应选C。]

15.A[refuse to give up his dream不愿放弃他的梦想。]

16.C[从下文看应选C。]

17.B[fall into place入位了,即(情况)好转。]

18.D[was hired被雇佣了,与上文“fall into place”照应。]

19.D[tough困难的。]

20.A[句意:我们所需要的是勇气。]

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