2012 National English Contest

2012 National English Contest for

College Students

(Level A - Preliminary)

Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)

Section A (5 marks)

In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end o f each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.

1. What did the woman do last night?

A. Watched TV.

B. Went to the circus

C. Practiced juggling.

2. Why hasn’t the woman chosen a course?

A. There’re few options to choose fro m.

B. The courses may be too difficult to learn.

C. She doesn’t want to make a wrong decision.

3. What are the speakers talking about?

A. A photo.

B. Colors.

C. A painting.

4. How often does the man play cricket?

A. Seldom.

B. Frequently.

C. Never.

5. Why is the woman in a good mood?

A. The copier worked and she got the copies.

B. She kicked the copier and now feels better.

C. She had the copier fixed in time.

Section B (10 marks)

In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once.

At the end o f each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read the questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide ivhich is the best answer.

Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre. Conversation One

6. What are the speakers talking about?

A. When to build a hotel.

B. The species of animals on the land.

C. The use of the land.

7. Why does the woman disagree with the man’s idea of bui lding a hotel?

A. They are short of money.

C. There is not enough space for it.

B. It may ruin the environment.

8. What will they probably build?

A. An organic health spa.

B. An animal sanctuary.

C. A restaurant.

Conversation Two

9. What are the speakers talking about?

A. The role of teenagers in finding out the trend.

B. The material and spiritual need of teenagers.

C. The function of technology to teenagers’ development.

10. Where was the investigation of Microsoft carried out?

A. In street markets in Seattle.

B. In bars in London and Tokyo.

C. In places where new trends might be found.

11. What does the man think about the relationship between teenagers and technology?

A. All Teenagers are critical users of technology.

B. Teenagers stimulate the development of technology.

C. The development of technology helps teenagers grow.

12. Why is IBM’s ThinkPad keyboard designed with lights on it?

A. Teenagers usually take notes in the dark during lectures.

B. It’s convenient for teenagers to carry around at night.

C. Teenagers with eye problems can’t see the keyboard clearly.

13. What does the man say about collaborative computing?

A. It is more useful than mobile phones.

B. It has massive potential for working environments.

C. It is capable of storing huge amounts of data.

14. Why trainers are mentioned?

A. It’s the other role of teenagers.

B. To exemplify that fashion has also been youth-led.

C. Most trainers are teenagers.

15. How does Converse investigate teenagers?

A. Sending them text messages.

B. Exchanging emails with them.

C. Talking to them in person.

Section C (5 marks)

In this section, you will hear five short news items. After each item, which will be read only once, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked

A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.

16. What’s the news about?

A. A coincidence of ten popular names and the movie Twilight.

B. People tend to name their babies after the characters of popular movies.

C. Some popular names in the 1980s have caught on again.

17. Why has the AIDS study been named as 2011 Breakthrough of the Year by the journalScience?

A. It finds that HPTN 052 can cure AIDS effectively.

B. It finds that antiretroviral drugs can considerably lower the risk of transmitting HIV.

C. It finds an effective way to stop the HIV transmission.

18. What was the most important reason why Hazare called off his hunger strike according tothe news?

A. The public didn’t respond actively.

B. He had got a fever.

C. Some strikers quitted.

19. Why is it that the data gathered on penguins over the years may now be worthless?

A. It is already outdated.

B. Many of the penguins have died for lack of food.

C. Their wearing of flipper bands has affected the accuracy of the data.

20. What’s said about gardening in Britain?

A. More than half of the British people are engaged in gardening.

B. Government approves people to use public places for gardening.

C. Private gardening in public places often takes place late at night.

Section D (10 marks)

In this section, you will hear a radio talk about some festivals around the world. The talk willbe read only once. For questions 21-30, complete the notes which summarize what the speakersays. You will need to write a word or a short phrase. Remember to write the answers on theanswer sheet.

Name: Festival of Snakes

Country: (21)________

Activities: Celebrations begin with people (2 2 )__ and putting them in cages. Later, onthe first Thursday in May, villagers (23) ___ _____and then go to church. Then, thestatue of Saint Domenica is carried through the streets, and villagers put the snakesaround it. At last, the snakes are (24) _________ in the forest, and the villagersbelieve that they are (25 )______ from snakebites for another year.

Name: La Tomatina

Country: (26 )________

Activities: On the last Wednesday of August, people (27 )________at each other. The festivalis said to start as (28) ________ between poor and rich teenagers. Over the years,this festival has turned into a national event. People wear old T-shirts, old shorts,and (29) _____ . And the festival both begins and ends with (30) ___ .

Part II Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks)

There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.

31. In ancient China, doctors ________ massage, special diets, and baths as medical treatments for patients.

A.afforded

B. operated

C. prescribed

D. imparted

32. The jobs available to people with little education are, in the main, insecure and low-paid with irregular hours, high levels of intensity, little protection from health and safety__and few opportunities for promotion.

A.hazards

B. interference

C. guarantee

D. harassment

33. As domestic markets are opened up to international competition and quotas which restricted the quantity of imports from any one country are abandoned, cheap, _________ foreign imports are threatening the livelihoods of many women, small producers and entrepreneurs

in cottage industries.

A.rescued

B. accommodated

C. assisted

D. subsidized

34. Learning can be a solitary act, but ___ others can help enrich our experience and

nurture our growth.

A. agreeing with

B. complying with

C. collaborating with

D. dealing with

35. As a manager of engineering operations for a television network working at its headquarters, he is promoted to the vice president at one of the network’s local ___

A. affiliates

B. administrations

C. positions

D. counterparts

36. Although they could earn much money, businessmen used to be regarded as _____ with

a lower social status even than that of farmers.

A. miserly

B. arduous

C. eminent

D. generous

37. Don’t be quick to dismiss a principle simply because, at first glance, it appears to be

______your own beliefs or impossible to apply in your own situation.

A. in contrast to

B. consistent with

C. at odds with

D. identical to

38. Our holiday plans _______ because of the transport strike.

A. fell off

B. fell away

C. fell out

D. fell through

39. Log in to https://www.wendangku.net/doc/501192485.html,, ________ all your journey details and in less tha n a minute you’llget your map.

A. put on

B. feed in

C. look up

D. make for

40. the taxi and got to the airport earlier, we would have seen them off.

A. Had we caught

B. We had caught

C. Did we catch

D. If we caught

41. ____about the bandits, she left her valuables at home.

A. Having warned

B. Warning

C. Having been warned

D. To warn

42. The criminal decided to lie ______ for a few days longer.

A. hidden

B. to hide

C. hiding

D. to be hidden

43. Man: Don’t freak me out. Can you give me an idea of your holiday nightmare?

Woman: Oh, easy! ________ ! We holidayed in Cornwall last year, only to find people alllined up like whales on a beach.

Man: That sounds really dreadful.

A. Bad sleep often leads to nightmare

B. A crowded beach

C. A big storm

D. Safety is the most important

44. Man: Look at this baby patting device. It helps the baby fall asleep by patting it.

Woman:_______.

Man: How?

Woman: If the baby moved around and the patter patted it on the head, it could injure thebaby.

A. The possible disadvantage is that it could actually harm the baby.

B. There’s a baby doll in it.

C. Most of the patting device is made of steel.

D. I think the device is big enough for the baby.

45. Man: CD-ROMs are actually much better than books.

Woman: Why’s that?

Man: Well, you can store so much more information on the disks. You can have pictures andportraits from galleries.

Woman: I have to disagree.________ , there’s no substitute for the real thing.

A. As a waste of electricity

B. Although books are less convenient to carry

C. Since it may lead to the loss of the precious materials

D. When it comes to art

Part III Cloze (10 marks)

Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the givenword, or by using the given letter (s) of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answersheet.

The night passed rapidly: I was too tired even to dream; I only once awoke to hear the windrave in furious gusts, and the rain fall in torrents, and to be (46) ________ (sense) that MissMiller had taken her place by my side. When I again unclosed my eyes, a loud bell was ringing;the girls were up and dressing; day had not yet begun (4 7 )________ dawn, and a rushlight ortwo burnt in the room. I too rose reluctantly; it was bitter cold, and I dressed as well as I couldfor shivering, and washed when there was a basin at liberty, which did not occur soon, as therewas but one basin to six girls, on the stands down the middle of the room. Again the bell rang:all formed (48)

________ file, two and two, and in that order descended the stairs and enteredthe cold and dimly-lit schoolroom: here prayers were (49) r________ by Miss Miller; afterwardsshe called out

-- “Form classes!

A great tumult succeeded for some minutes, during which Miss Miller (50) _________(repeat) exclaimed, “Silence!” and “Order!” When it subsided, I saw them all drawn up in foursemi-circles, before four chairs, placed at the four tables: all held books in their hands, and agreat book, like a Bible, (51) 1________ on each table, before the vacant seat. A pause of someseconds succeeded, (52) _________ (fill) up by the low, vague hum of numbers; Miss Millerwalked from class to class, hushing this indefinite sound.

A distant bell tinkled: immediately three ladies entered the room, each walked to a tableand took her seat; Miss Miller assumed the fourth (53) va________ chair, which was nearest thedoor, and around which the smallest of the children were assembled: to this inferior class I wascalled, and placed at the bottom of it.

Business now began: the day’s Collect was repeated, then certain texts of Scripture were

said, and to these succeeded a protracted reading of chapters in the Bible, which lasted an hour. By the time that exercise was terminated, day had fully dawned. The (54) ________ (fatigable) bell now sounded for the fourth time: the classes were marshaled and marched into another room

to breakfast. How glad I was to behold a prospect of getting something to eat! I was now nearly sick from hunger, having taken so (55) li________the day before.

Part IV Reading Comprehension (40 marks)

Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. Respond to the questions using information from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.

Section A (10 marks)

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

Every year since 1998, Fortune Magazine has published a

list of the “ 100 Best Companies to Work For”. How does

the magazine choose the companies? Firstly, it uses a

survey. 350 employees answer fifty-seven questions about

their company. Secondly, Fortune Magazine looks at

important features of companies; for example, pay, benefits,

and communication between workers and management.

Finally, the magazine compares the results to find its Top

100.

To a certain extent, the results are guesswork, but the

companies on the list, by and large, have many things in

common: they pay their employees well, they allow workers

to make decisions, and they offer a comfortable workplace. Broadly speaking, however, the winners tend to offer something above and beyond the norm. J. M. Smucker, a jam and jellycompany, gives its workers free muffins and bagels for breakfast; at Griffin Hospital, employeesget free massages; a bank called First Horizon National gives its employees time off to visit theirchildren’s classrooms. Wegmans Food Markets sent one worker on a ten-day trip to London,Paris and Italy to learn about cheese. This is not unusual for the New York-based company,which is well-known for the scholarships it gives its employees to further their

education. At W.L. Gore, workers decide on their colleagues’ salaries. Surprisingly enough, the most importantthing for employees is not money. It is freedom to develop ideas. Timberland offers a six-monthpaid sabbatical for employees who have "a personal dream that benefits the community.

Let’s not forget that all these companies are businesses whose priority is making money.They have to mak e a profit. And do they? Seemingly, the answer is a big ―yes‖. The numberone company on Fortune’s 2005 list, Wegmans, makes a fortune. The company, which has amotto, ―Employees first, customers second‖, is one of the fifty largest private companies in theUS, with annual sales of $3.6 billion, according to Forbes magazine. Apparently, being good toyour employees is no obstacle to making money.

How much of Wegmans’ success is due to the company’s policies? ―Up to a point, thesuccess is because of the freedom they give us,‖ says one employee. ―On the other hand, nocompany gets rich just by being nice. Wegmans has great marketing strategies and it’s well-positionedwithin the community. I’ve been here for fifteen years. Looking hack, I'd say that thecompany’s inn ovations for customers, such as the Shoppers’ Club electronic discount programmein the 90s, have been just as important as the benefits to staff.‖

But the employee benefits are striking. Fundamentally, Wegmans believes in professionaldevelopment. As well as scholarships, the company gives its employees business opportunities.For years, one employee made delicious cookies for her colleagues. Eventually, she startedselling the cookies in Wegmans. ―I just asked the manager,‖ she says. ―With hindsight, I should have asked earlier. I could have made more money!

The staffs freedom to make decisions is another thing you won’t find everywhere.Essentially, Wegmans wants its workers to do almost anything to keep the customers happy.Believe it or not, an employee once

c ooke

d a Thanksgiving turkey in th

e store for a customerbecause, the woman’s turkey, bought in Wegmans, was too big for her oven. One manager says,―We’re a $3 billion company run by sixteen-year-old cashiers.‖Questions 56 to 60

Complete the following sentences with information given in the passage, using a maximum of 4words for each sentence.

56. According to Fortune Magazine, the ― 100 Best Companies to Work For‖ are chosen by acomparison of ___, such as salary, benefits and so on.

57. The survey conducted by Fortune Magazine infers that employees consider ___ as themost important instead of high salary to decide which company to work for.

58. The employees of Wegmans attribute the company’s success to several factors, that

is,freedom,________ , the co mpany’s innovations for customers and benefits to staff.

59. Business opportunities an d _________ are mentioned as the professional development staffcan enjoy in Wegmans.

60. The story that an employee of Wegmans once cooked a Thanksgiving turkey in the store fora customer indicates that employees there are free to ______ .

Section B (10 marks)

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

Being the founder of the I nternet’s largest encyclopaedia means Jimmy Wales gets a lot of bizarre emails. Thereare correspondents who assume he wrote Wikipediahimself and is therefore an expert on everything—like theguy who found some strange chemicals in his late grandfather’s attic and w anted Wales to tel] him what todo with them. There are kooks who claim to have found,say, a 9,000-ye ar-old fifteen-foot human skeleton andwonder if Wales would be interested. But the emails thatmake him laugh out loud come

from concernednewcomers who didn’t know even the basic

function ofWikipedia and have just discovered they have

total freedom to edit a Wikipedia entry at theclick of a

button. ―Oh my God,‖ they write, ―you’ve got a major

security flaw.‖

Wikipedia is a free open-source encyclopaedia, which

basically means that anyone can logon and add to it or edit

it. And they do. It has a stunning 1.5 million entries in

seventy-sixlanguages and counting. Academics are upset by

what they see as info anarchy. AnEncyclopaediaBritanica

editor once likened Wikipedia to a public toilet seat because

you do n’t know who used it last. Loyal users claim that

collaboration improves articles over time.

But what exactly is a wiki and how does it work?

Wikis are deceptively simple pieces ofsoftware that you can download for free. You then use them to set up a website that can beedited by anyone you like. Need to solve a thorny business problem overnight and all themembers of your team are in different time zones? Start a wiki.

Wikipedia is the cumulative work of 16,000 people, the bulk of it done by a hard-coregroup of around 1.000 volunteers. Its 500,000 entries in English alone make it far larger thanthe Encyclopaedia Britannica. And Wales pays just one employee who keeps the servers ticking.Naturally there are a lot of idiots, vandals and fanatics, who take advanta ge of Wikipedia’s open system to deface, delete or push one-sided views. Sometimes extreme action has to be taken.For example, Wales locked the entries on John Kerry and George W. Bush for most of the 2004Presidential election campaign. But for the most part, the geeks have a huge advantage: theycare more. According to an MIT study, obscene comments randomly inserted on Wikipedia areremoved within 100 seconds, on average. Vandals might as well as be spray-painting walls withdisappearing ink.

As for edit wars, in which two geeks with opposing views dele te each other’s assertions over and over, well, they’re not much of a problem these days. All kind s of viewpoints co-exist in thesame article. Take the entry on Wikipedia: ―Wikipedia has been criticized for a perceived lackof reliability, comprehensiveness and authority.‖ Indeed, Larry Sanger, Wikipedia’s former editor-in-chief (now a university lecturer), still loves the site but thinks his fellow professionals have a point. ―The wide -open nature of the Internet encourages people to disregard the importance of expertise,‖ he says. Sanger doesn’t let his students use Wikipedia for their papers,partly because he knows they could confirm anything they like by adding it themselves. Questions 61 to 65

Answer the following questions with the information given in the passage in a maximum of 15words for each question.

61. What do people find out when they discover they have total freedom to edit a Wikipediaentry?

62. What are academics dissatisfied with about Wikipedia?

63. What can people do with wikis?

64. What’s the purpose of the extreme action taken by Wikipedia?

65. What does Wikipedia tend to encourage people to do according to Larry Sanger?

Section C (10 marks)

Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.

People are not generally aware of the popularity of pet ownership. Research shows that pets actas companions and protectors, stress relievers and in some cases help to foster family cohesion.While pets are traditionally associated with family-type households, they are just as important tohouseholds without children. In an era when the population is ageing and more people are livingalone, pets can provide valuable relief from loneliness.

Urban pet management has been the subject of extensive debate among veterinarians andthose involved in local government for some time. Part of the reason is that people complainmore readily about other people’s pets than ever before. Emphasis on urban consolida tion hasmeant that smaller homes and back gardens and multi -dwelling developments not onlydiscourage people from owning pets but also place greater demands on scarce public openspace. Pet owners may face tougher restrictions from either their local council or resident management committee. The term ―socially responsible p et own ership‖ has emerged to describea set of responsibilities to which pet owners are now expected to adhere.

It might be tempting to prescribe differentpets for different types of housing. Some peoplealready have firm views about pets and housingtype, mostly in relation to dogs, e.g. that the onlyenvironment for a dog is in conventional detached housing or that a ―big‖ dog is only suitable in the country. However, suitability is as muchdependent on the quality of space as it is on thequantity. A dwelling that overlooks areas of activity is ideal for pets because it increases theamount of stimulation that can be received from the property, e.g. dwellings that overlook a parkor are adjacent to a busy street. This is one way to alleviate boredom and the negative behaviorsthat sometimes result.

Preferably a dog should have access to some outdoor space. Open space is not essential fora cat provided an enriching environment is maintained indoors, e. g. a bay window or internalfernery. Ideally dogs should have access to all areas of open space on a property. On the whole a dog’s behavior is likely to be better if he or she can see the street. Although the dog may barkat passers-by in the street, there will be less likelihood of excessive barking that might arisethrough boredom. Providing a dog with surveillance of the street also enhances public security -a very positive benefit.

With adequate fencing, a dog will be confined to the property. The standard paling fencewill restrain almost all dogs. They are recommended for side and rear boundaries. Furthermore,all gates should be fitted with a return spring self-closing device. Cats are not as easilyrestrained as dogs as they are more agile and have quite different notions of territoriality. Mostlythis does not create a problem, although difficulties may arise in environmentally sensitive areaswhere cats may prey on wildlife. It is recommended that cats be confined to the house at nightfor their own protection.

Owning a pet brings with it responsibilities to which we are increasingly being called toadhere. It is hoped that the guidelines will encourage people to think about pets in decisionsabout residential and community development. If they do, pet ownership will not be prejudicedby the push for urbanconsolidation. Questions 66 to 68

Mark each statement as either true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.

66. Residence with enough open space, such as a country house, is a must for people to keep apet dog.

67. Fencing helps to confine a dog to the property, so people should build solid fences allaround it.

68. Open space is unnecessary for a cat in a house with an enriching environment because a cathas a strict sense of the boundary of its owner’s house.

Questions 69 to 70

Translate the following sentences of the passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answerson the answer sheet.

69. ... smaller homes and back gardens and multi-dwelling development not only discouragepeople from owning pets but also place greater demands on scarce public open space.

70. It is hoped that the guidelines will encourage people to think about pets in decisions aboutresidential and community development.

Section D (10 marks)

Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.

Our bodies depend on sleep to keep a number ofdelicately balanced systems running smoothly.Without it these systems become subtly off-key,which can eventually lead to more seriousconsequences. Although the odd broken nightnever hurt anyone, some sleep experts are nowsaying that even just an hour of missed sleep,night after night, can cause ill health.

Persistent low-level fatigue is extremely common since insomnia may happen to one inthree of us. The cause can lie in surrounding factors, such as an uncomfortable mattress or noisyneighbors. Some insomnia is temporarily caused by stress brought on by a forthcoming specialevent, such as an exam or pressure at work. How you feel can notoriously affect sleep, too.Anxiety, anger or resentment can all stop us from dropping off and one of the prime symptomsof depression is early morning waking.

Sleep apnoea, a common disorder in which lapses in breathing cause a shortage of oxygenwhich in turn disrupts sleep, may need treating. Shift work, partying until the small hours andjet lag can also disrupt the body’s in ternal clock that tells us when to stay awake and when tosleep.

Too much food, tea, coffee, cola or other stimulants can also be culprits. Physical illnesssuch as pain from arthritis can be a factor, too, as can drugs such as those used to treat chronicillnesses like high blood pressure and asthma.

Some of us simply need to make sure that the bedroom is a calm, pleasant place conduciveto sleep and avoid daytime naps. And last but not least, anxiously lying awake worrying aboutnot sleeping can cause what the doctors call psychophysiological insomnia.

Whatever the cause, fatigue can have devastating effects on all aspects of our lives. Andnew US research offers some clues as to further effects of this disturbance to the body’s naturalrhythms. Perhaps the greatest risk could be the effect on the immune system. The researchshows that loss of sleep can slow down the action of cells which are involved in fighting offinfection and even protecting us against more serious diseases such as cancer.

What isn’t known, how ever, is whether one or two broken nights can have a long-termeffect. People who suffer from long periods of stress, for example after a bereavement, seem tobe more vulnerable to illness, which suggests that lack of sleep may be a factor.

American research also suggests that lack of sleep can make you want to eat too much!Nurses on the overnight shift gained more than those on the evening shift, suggesting that thegreater the disruption in sleep patterns, the greater the tendency to overeat and thus gainweight.

Lack of sleep may even contribute to or speed up the ageing process. During sleep thebody produces a hormone which is vital for growth and cell renewal. Without enough sleep thisrejuvenation time is lost. It comes as no surprise that the period in life when we sleep most – asbabies and toddlers - is the period of greatest growth.

Questions 71 to 75

Complete the summary below with information from the passage, using no more than five wordsfor each blank.

Enough sleep is crucial for people to keep healthy. Insomnia is caused by many factors, such

as(71)___________________stress and people’s special feelings. People may need to see a doctor when sleepapnoea takes place. Sleep apnoea disrupts sleep because of lapses in breathing resulting

from(72 )____________. Fatigue also can have devastating effects on all aspects of our lives, especiallyon (73 )_____________ . Although staying up late from time to time is not yet proved to be harmful inthe long run, lack of sleep may stimulate people to (74) ______________ , put on more weight andaccelerate (75) _____________ .

Part V Translation (10 marks)

Translate the following sentences into English by using the word or words given in brackets.

Remember to write your answers on the answer sheet.

Part VI Error Correction (10 marks)

2012高考英语福建卷[Word校对版]

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2010年广东省中考英语真题(含答案)

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