文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › 第一部分 模块十一 Unit 1~2.doc

第一部分 模块十一 Unit 1~2.doc

第一部分 模块十一 Unit 1~2.doc
第一部分 模块十一 Unit 1~2.doc

模块十一

Units 1~2

狂背单词///////////////////////////////////

Ⅰ.单词语境记忆

1.pack up my baggage打包我的行李

2.so-called“Information Age” 所谓的信息时代

3.conservative thought 保守的思想

4.a well-paid job 薪酬丰厚的工作

5.drive out of the garage从车库开出来

6.feel relaxed感到放松

7.get rid of weed除掉杂草

8.struggle for a diploma努力获得毕业文凭

9.a 30-minute session为期30分钟

10.artistic achievements 艺术成就

Ⅱ.词性转换与派生记忆

1.actually ad v.实际上,事实上→actual adj.实际上的

2.creative adj.有创造力的,创造性的→creation n.创造,创作→create v.创造,创作→creator n.创造者,创作者→creature n.生物

3.investigative adj.探究性的,调查研究的→investigate v.调查(研究)→investigation n.调查

4.nerve n.勇气;神经→nervous adj.神经的;神经紧张的

5.magician n.魔术师;巫师→magic n.魔术;魔法→magical adj.魔法似的;不可思议的;神秘的

6.fluency n.流利,流畅→fluent adj.流利的→fluently ad v.流利地

7.interviewer n.面试官;接见者;采访者→interviewee n.接受面试者;被接见者;被采访者→interview v t.& n.面谈,会见;采访

8.engineering n.工程(学)→engineer n.工程师

9.response n.回答;反应→respond v t.反应

10.refresh v t.使恢复精力;更新→refreshment n.恢复精力,心旷神怡

11.allowance n.津贴;限额→allow v t.允许

12.suited adj.合适的,适当的→suit n.套v.与……相配→suitable adj.合适的

13.option n.选择;选修课→optional adj.可选择的

狂背短语///////////////////////////////////

Ⅰ.单元短语背诵

1.go about忙于某事;继续做某事

2.take pleasure in 从……中获得乐趣;享受……

3.off the top of one’s head 未多加思考地,脱口而出地

4.have butterflies in one’s sto mach

心慌,紧张

5.make allowance(s) for 考虑到,顾及,体谅

6.look somebody in the eye(s)

直视某人,正视某人

7.follow something up 采取后续行动,跟进

8.give somebody the edge 使某人略占优势

9.as easy as pie 十分容易,轻而易举

10.in response to 作为对……的回应、答复

Ⅱ.单元词块记忆

1.deal with constant media attention应对不断的媒体关注

2.under huge pressure面临巨大压力

3.face tough problems面对艰难的问题

4.clear up one’s rubbish清除某人的垃圾

5.ordinary but vital tasks平凡但重要的任务

6.go for an interview参加面试

7.the key to getting the job获取工作的关键

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5718342251.html,nd a job找到工作

狂背佳句///////////////////////////////////

1.When choosing a career,you should consider all the aspects of a job.

当选择一个职业时,你应该考虑一个工作所有的方面。

2.Some jobs may seem very dull but are very important to society,while others can appear very exciting but are actually very difficult and boring.

有些工作可能看上去非常无聊但是对社会很重要,而其他一些工作表面上很激动人心但是实际上非常困难无聊。

3.He was living by a stream in a tent surrounded by technical equipment.

他住在一个河边的一个被科技设备环绕的帐篷里面。

4.You should make sure that your hair looks neat—you should even get a haircut,if necessary.

你应当确保你的头发看起来很整齐——如果有必要,你甚至应该理发。

5.This is not only a polite gesture,but also a final chance to tell yourself to the company.

这不仅是一个有礼貌的姿势,而且也是向公司表现你自己的最后的机会。

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.Try to understand what’s actually (实际上) happening instead of acting on the assumption you’ve made.

2.Can you tell me where the nearest barbershop (理发店) is?

3.The shopkeepers (店主) were told to keep the suspected man under constant observation.

4.He paid the money back soon after he got a well-paid (薪酬丰厚的) job.

5.The company is advertising for typists (打字员) in the newspapers.

6.Some enterprising (有进取心的) teachers have started their own recycling programmes.

7.In this session (时段),I’ll be talking about how to get the job you really want.

8.Nod your head when you agree with something or wag (摇头) your head when you don’t.

9.I graduated from Jinan University in 2008 with a diploma (毕业文凭) in Computer science.

10.I also have good fluency (流利) in English and have no problem communicating with English speakers.

Ⅱ.词性变化练习

1.An interview is a talk between an employer and a potential employee so that the interviewer can assess the applicant and see if he or she is suitable for the position.(employ)

2.Although the training course was optional (option),all the new workers chose to do it.

3.People tend to be more agg ressive when they’re young and more conservative (conserve) as they get older.

4.We need to come up with something creative (create)to celebrate her eighteenth birthday.

5.At no time did they actually (actual)break the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.

6.None of the students responded to her question; in other words,her question failed to get a response from any of the students.(respond)

Ⅲ.选词填空

go about,take pleasure in,off the top of one’s head,as easy as pie,in response to 1.In__response__to the appeal,I have made some changes in my way of life,which ranges from transportation to water saving.

2.In fact,when we go__about our everyday lives,it is impossible to avoid it.

3.I am suggesting this just off__the__top__of__my__head.Don’t take it seriously.

4.Students take__pleasure__in playing football after school.They really have fun.

5.It is as__easy__as__pie for him to lift the stone because he has much strength.

Ⅳ.完成句子

1.Visiting this paper-cutting exhibition,we will not__only__enjoy__the__folk__art__works,but__also__learn__a__lot.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)

参观这次剪纸展览,我们不但能欣赏到民间艺术作品,而且会学到很多。

2.Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while__I__had__an__idea__of__going__to__a__nicer__place.

大部分同学想去公园,然而我有个去更好地方的主意。

3.If__necessary,I’ll go there myself.

如果有必要的话,我将亲自去那儿一趟。

1.option n.选择;选修课

(1)have no option but to do除了做……别无选择

soft option 捷径;轻松的选择

(2)optional adj. 可选择的;选修的

完成句子/句型转换

①We will not,however,treat this project as an__optional__activity.

但是,我们不会将这个项目当作随意的活动来对待。

②They have no choice but to stay at home.

→They have__no__alternative__but to stay at home.

→They have__no__option__but to stay at home.

[佳句背诵] Several options are offered for the students’ senior year.

为毕业班学生开设了几门选修课。

[名师指津] “别无选择”的其他表达:

①have no choice but...

②have no alternative but...

2.refresh vt.使恢复精力,使凉爽;刷新,更新

refresh one’s memory of...唤起某人……的记忆

feel refreshed 感到精神(爽快)的

单句语法填空/完成句子

①The moist air that follows a rain shower makes one feel refreshed (refresh).

②The story refreshed__my__memory__of my childhood spent in the countryside.

这个故事唤起了我对在乡村度过的童年的回忆。

[佳句背诵] Not only does doing exercise build up our body,but also it provides time for us to refresh our mind.

做运动不仅强身健体,而且能够让我们有时间振奋我们的精神。

3.switch n.电器开关;转变,改变vt.& vi.转变,(使)改变;转换;交换;对调switch (...) to...(把……)转向……

switch/turn on 打开(开关)

switch/turn off 关上(开关)

switch over (使)交换位置;(使)变换频道,转换电视台

单句语法填空

①I was about to switch on the TV when I heard the cry.

②I haven’t been watching the Olympics.I just happened to switch over.

[佳句背诵] My mother’s interest had switched to my health.

母亲转而关注起我的健康来。

4.fluency n.流利,流畅

(1)with fluency流畅地,流利地

(2)fluent adj. 流利的;流畅的

be fluent in 在……流畅

(3)fluently ad v. 流利地

单句语法填空

She’s fluent in French.She also speaks Italian fluently (fluent).

[佳句背诵] More practice will make you speak with greater fluency.

多练习就可以使你的口语更流利。

5.take pleasure in从……中获得乐趣;享受……

with pleasure乐意地

It’s a/my pleasure. 很乐意/荣幸。

It’s a pleasure for sb to do sth.

对于某人来说做某事很乐意。

完成句子

①—Could you be so kind as to close the window?

—With pleasure.

——你能关上窗户好吗?

——当然可以。

②It__is__a__pleasure for me to be praised by the teacher publicly before my classmates.

老师当着同学的面公开表扬我,我很荣幸。

[佳句背诵] It’s wrong of him to take pleasure in making fun of others.

对于他来说以取笑别人为乐是不对的。

6.while的用法

Some jobs may seem very dull but are very important to society,while others can appear very exciting but are actually very difficult and boring.(教材原句)

有些工作可能看上去非常无聊但是对社会很重要,而其他一些工作表面上很激动人心但是实际上困难无聊。

本句是一个并列句,while是并列连词,意为“然而”,表示前后两种情况的对比。while还有以下用法:

(1)引导让步状语从句,多位于句首,意为“尽管”

(2)引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”

(3)引导条件状语从句,意为“只要”

①Some people live in plenty,while others haven’t enough to eat.

一些人过着丰衣足食的生活,而另一些人却吃不饱。

②While__Mary__was__writing__a__letter,the children were playing outside.

玛丽写信时,孩子们在外面玩耍。

③While__they__were__just__children,they made contributions to the environmental protection.

尽管只是些小孩,但他们为环境保护做出了贡献。

Ⅰ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式——热考常考

1.He speaks Chinese fluently (fluent) as if he were a Chinese.

2.There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no option but to__wait (wait).

3.I’ll just refresh myself with a cup of tea before I go to meet the children.

4.T here is little point in discussing the topic.Let’s switch it to another.

5.Our government took urgent measures in response to the terrible weather disaster at the beginning of this year.

6.His grandfather lay in the sofa and listened to his radio with great pleasure.

7.In contrast,some people find more unusual jobs that are better suited to their talents and interests.

8.Please don’t talk so loudly while others are working.

Ⅱ.用所给词的正确形式填空——不规则变化

1.She hung (hang) up on me while I was talking,but I forgave (forgive) after she made (make) an apology.

2.There stood (stand) an ancient tower by the river many years ago,but now it has__been__taken (take) place of by a tall modern building.

3.As we all saw (see),the feather,held (hold) back more by the air,fell (fall) to the ground slower than the stone did.

4.Another quake shook (shake) the city and the people were__panicked (panic) to crowd into the streets.

5.Alice raised her voice to make herself heard (hear),but nobody lent (lend) her a hand.

Ⅲ.改正下列句子中的唯一错误——易错易混

1.That is my great pleasure to make acquaintance with you.That→It

2.We have no option but abandon the chance for lack of time.but后加to

3.I am writing in the response to your advertisement in the newspaper.去掉the

4.Some jobs seem better suited for certain types of people.for→to

5.I felt very refreshing after playing football.refreshing→refreshed__

A卷

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Along with my co-founder,I run Harry’s,a men’s grooming(美容) company,and my wife Lacey is a senior writer and editor at The Holly w ood Reporter.Our careers are important to us.So we always agreed that when it came time to build our family,we wanted to co-parent.In theory,it sounded like a lot of fun!

So far,it has been.But as I’ve learned since the birth of my not theoretical daughter,Chloe,it’s als o really hard.

To be clear,becoming a parent is much,much harder for my wife.But Lacey does have one thing that I’ve struggled to find:a space to talk about balancing work with parenthood.Due in part to the physical,mental and emotional tolls(损伤) of pregnancy and childbirth,moms often find community in those shared experiences.In addition,there are blogs,books and resources for mothers returning to work;for better or for worse,the demands of raising a baby are often assumed by women.

But there are plenty of working dads out there,too.In fact,I feel if I’m struggling with this whole ‘working dad’ thing,then other guys must be struggling,too.If I’m craving a space to share experiences and normalize true co-parenthood,I have to believe I’m not the only one.

Dealing with the problem at a macro (大的) level is hard.But I do have the power to make real change within Harry’s.My co-founder and I want to make sure that everyone on our team feels 100% supported,as employees and as parents.To that end,we’re excited to off er a new,progressive policy:16 weeks of paid parental leave,taken any time within the first year,to every person on our team.

Some people might decide to take the full 4 months and others won’t.That’s OK.The goal is not to dictate right or wrong,but to offer our team real flexibility and control.Because all parents deserve the resources and tools to make the best decisions for their families;to be great coworkers,and also great parents.

【语篇解读】本文是议论文。作者在文中论述了为职场爸爸提供育儿经验的必要性。

1.What is bothering the author?

A.His wife is fully occupied.

B.His daughter is troublesome.

C.He is failing to balance between work and life.

D.He can find nowhere to seek child-raising advice.

答案D[细节理解题。根据第三段中的But Lacey does have...work with parenthood可知,作者觉得当奶爸不容易,因为无处取经。]

2.Which of the following would the author agree with?

A.It’s easier for a woman to be a parent.

B.Kids benefit a lot from co-parenting.

C.Women suffer a lot from parenthood.

D.It’s women’s duty to take care of kids.

答案C[细节理解题。根据第三段中的becoming a parent is much,much harder for my wife和the physical,mental and emotional tolls of pregnancy and childbirth 可知,生儿养女对女性来说非常不容易,她们需要承担各种风险,需要付出很多。]

3.What does the underlined word “craving” in Paragraph 4 mean?

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5718342251.html,ing.

B.Desiring.

C.Creating.

D.Saving.

答案B[词义猜测题。根据上文提到的作者找不到奶爸去交流育儿经验可知,他很“渴望”有这么一个可以分享育儿经验的地方。]

4.What’s the aim of the new policy?

A.To promote equality.

B.To free working dads.

C.To nurse great coworkers.

D.To encourage true co-parenthood.

答案D[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Because all parents deserve...and also great parents可知,作者在自己的公司实施这一休假制度是为了让父母们更好地

分担“共同育儿”的责任,让员工们兼顾家庭和工作。]

B

What is a book nowadays in a world of Kindles and iPads? Traditional publishers are traveling a long and confusing road into the digital future.Her e’s the conventional wisdom about publishing:People expect e-books to be cheaper than physical books,and that drives down prices.But the story’s not that simple.For one thing,digital publishers have the same problem that traditional publishers do:piracy(盗版). It turns out,though,that some publishers are doing pretty well despite the piracy problem.“We’ve had an amazing year,”says Sourcebooks President Dominique Raccah.“Last year was the best year in the company’s history.This year we beat that,which I did n’t think was even possible.”Raccah adds that her company is doing well because of digital publishing.

It turns out there are some huge advantages—at least for publishers.A big one:The price of an e-book isn’t fixed the way it is with physical books.Ten years ago,a publisher would have sent out its books to the bookstore with the price stamped on the cover.After that,it was done—the publisher couldn’t put a book on sale to sell more copies.

“The exciting thing about digital books is that we actually get to test and price differently,”Raccah says.That’s what American publisher Little,Brown and Company did with Robert Dallek’s book An Unfinished Life:John F.Kennedy.In the middle of November,Little,Brown and Company dropped the price from $9.99 to $2.99 for 24 hours.“That sparks (引发)sales;it gets people talking about it,”says Terry Adams,a publisher with Little,Brown and Company.

If you read the new e-book 40 Years of Queen,you’ll find it full of links.Links to iTunes,where you can buy the music you’ve been reading about.That’s another huge advantage of e-books:Publishers can sell you things inside your book.

There’s still one big problem putting pressure on publishers.“We actually don’t have

a good gifting tradition yet for e-books,”says Raccah.Despite all the advance in reading technology,physical books are still the best Christmas presents.

【语篇解读】本文是议论文。文章讨论了电子书与纸质书各自的优势与劣势。

5.How does Raccah feel about her company’s achievement this year?

A.It’s far beyond her expectations.

B.It’s just what she predicted.

C.It’s less than satisfactory.

D.It’s really disappointing.

答案A[推理判断题。根据第二段中的This year we beat that,which I didn’t think was even possible可知,今年公司的业绩远远超出Raccah的期望值。]

6.Why does the author mention publishing 10 years ago?

A.To stress it had its own advantage.

B.To show its marketing was not flexible.

C.To indicate the unpopularity of physical books.

D.To complain about the changing prices of books.

答案B[推理判断题。根据第三段中的Ten years ago...to sell more copies可知,十年前,书籍的价格不能被灵活修改,可见当时的销售方式不够灵活。]

7.What do we know about An Unfinished Life:John F.Kennedy?

A.It was written by John F.Kennedy.

B.It caused disagreements among buyers.

C.It was sold at a different price every week.

D.It was sold at a huge discount for one day.

答案D[细节理解题。根据第四段中的In the middle of...to $2.99 for 24 hours 可知,这本书在一段时间内折扣力度很大。]

8.What can you do while reading the new e-book 40 Years of Queen?

A.Buy items mentioned in the book.

B.Listen to music in the book for free.

C.Find links to other relevant books.

D.Get some background information.

答案A[细节理解题。根据第五段中的Links to iTunes,where you can buy the music you’ve been reading about...Publishers can sell you things inside your book可知,读这本书时可以通过链接购买书中提到的一些物品。]

Ⅱ.完形填空

After living near Madrid for a year as an au pair(以帮做家务事等换取食宿的人) three years ago,it was nice to __1__ this weekend.I felt like I was at home and thought how __2__ one can be to feel like this in a place that isn’t __3__ your home.I now refer to this town as one of my ‘homes from home’ and have learnt how home is where your __4__ is.

A lot of people get homesick and it is a very __5__ feeling when away from __6__ ones and home comforts.__7__,I have learnt that you can feel at home when you are __8__ in that place with people who __9__ you.Through simply embracing every moment,__10__ friends and enjoying a new __11__,you can feel settled in a short amount of time.I did exactly this when moving to Spain for the first time,as positive thoughts tend to bring positive experiences.Luckily enough,I was __12__ with a host family that were very __13__,which helped to ease the process of feeling happy and settled.I now love visiting when I can to see how the children grow up and feel very blessed by being able to __14__ this.

Yet again,I am living in Spain on my year abroad,but this time with students and not a(n) __15__,in a different region.Nonetheless,the process of __16__ has been easier,as I feel __17__ the Spanish culture already.Of course when moving away from home you have to __18__ many things that are different in comparison to what you call home.However,this is the __19__ of travelling,exploring and __20__ yourself and a new place.A new place that one day you might be able to call your home too.

【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者在异国他乡找到了自己的“家”。

1.A.leave B.plan

C.move

D.visit

答案D[根据最后一段开头的Yet again,I am living in Spain on my year abroad,

but this time with students可知,作者重“访(visit)”西班牙。]

2.A.proud B.lucky

C.popular

D.real

答案B[根据上文的I felt like I was at home和下文的feel like this可知,在异国他乡能找到家的感觉确实“幸运(lucky)”。]

3.A.finally B.possibly

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5718342251.html,pletely

D.necessarily

答案D[如果在某个地方——“不一定(not necessarily)”就是家——能找到家的感觉,那真是幸运。]

4.A.belief B.dream

C.heart

D.job

答案C[根据上文的nice,felt like,feel like可知,作者认识到家就是“心灵(heart)”的归属地。]

5.A.normal B.unique

C.strong

D.uneasy

答案A[根据上文的A lot of people get homesick及常识可知,思乡是一种“正常的(normal)”情感。]

6.A.similar B.unusual

C.loved

D.respected

答案C[根据上文的homesick可知,一个人远离自己“所爱的(loved)”人和家中的舒适,当然会泛起乡愁。]

7.A.However B.Therefore

C.Instead

D.Otherwise

答案A[下文提到的在异乡也能找到家的感觉与上文意义上发生了转折,故选However。]

8.A.free B.powerful

C.available

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5718342251.html,fortable

答案D[解析见下题。]

9.A.care for B.look for

C.ask for

D.wait for

答案A[根据上文的you can feel at home可知,此处意思是,如果在一个地方能与“关爱(care for)”自己的人在一起、觉得比较“舒服(comfortable)”,那自然能找到家的感觉。]

10.A.missing B.making

C.choosing

D.aiding

答案B[解析见下题。]

11.A.idea B.culture

C.home

D.chance

答案B[根据这两个空所在句中的embracing every moment,enjoying和you can feel settled in a short amount of time可知,如果能珍惜每个瞬间、“交(making)”些朋友、享受新的“文化(culture)”,那很快就能融入当地的生活。]

12.A.chatting B.playing

C.living

D.dealing

答案C[根据下文的host family可知,“我”与寄宿家庭“生活(living)”在一起。]

13.A.wise B.honest

C.successful

D.friendly

答案D[根据下文的helped to ease the process of feeling happy and settled可知,寄宿家庭的成员都很“友好(friendly)”。]

14.A.change B.experience

C.support

D.improve

答案B[根据上文的see how the children grow up可知,能“亲历(experience)”这一过程,作者感到很幸福。]

15.A.teacher B.roommate

C.family

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5718342251.html,anization

答案C[上文的host family是提示。]

16.A.going on B.turning around

C.stepping forward

D.settling in

答案D[解析见下题。]

17.A.accustomed to B.excited at

C.satisfied with

D.interested in

答案A[因为是第二次来西班牙,所以作者这次“安定(settling in)”下来要比上次更容易些,因为他已经“熟悉(accustomed to)”了当地的文化。]

18.A.give up B.start with

C.adapt to

D.carry out

答案C[根据本空所在句中的moving away from home和different in comparison to what you call home可知,背井离乡自然需要“适应(adapt to)”异地不同于家乡的很多方面。]

19.A.role B.secret

C.delight

D.symbol

答案C[解析见下题。]

20.A.helping B.discovering

C.enjoying

D.controlling

答案B[根据However可知,前后表示转折。作者认为虽然需要适应很多新事物,但是这恰巧就是旅游、探索、“发现(discovering)”自我的“乐趣(delight)”所在。]

B卷

Ⅰ.语法填空

You’ve probably heard the phrase that “sitting is the new smoking”,and research does show that sitting long may be 1.________ (harm),even if you exercise regularly. Regular exercise,particularly higher levels of physical activity,may not cancel them 2.________ (entire) though it appears to reduce ill effects somewhat.An 3.________ (analyze) of more than a dozen studies concluded that we need at least 60 minutes a day of exercise to fight the increased risk of premature (过早的) death due to sitting long.4.________ the contrary,another study found that the same amount of exercise doesn’t cancel the negative effects of sitting on insulin (胰岛素) levels and blood fats. The damage from sitting for a long time 5.________ (think) to be due to reduced muscle activity,6.________ can decrease the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar and remove bad blood fats.

7.________ (reduce) sitting time,there are actions you can take.

·At work,stand for a few minutes every half-hour,perhaps during phone calls,tea 8.________ (break) or meetings.

·If possible,use a desk that lets you work both standing and seated.Or try one 9.________ (attach) to a treadmill(跑步机) that allows you to walk slowly while you work.

·At home,get up regularly from your computer.Make 10.________ attempt to stand and do the housework while watching TV.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了久坐的害处并提供了几条应对建议。

1.harmful[空处作表语,故填形容词harmful“有害的”。]

2.entirely[空处修饰谓语动词cancel,故用副词形式。entirely“完全地”。注意:entire变副词时,不可去掉结尾的e。]

3.analysis[根据空前的An可知,此处要填可数名词单数。analysis“分析”。]

4.On[on the contrary“相反”是固定搭配,故本空填On。]

5.is thought[此处描述客观情况,故用一般现在时。本句用了“Sb/Sth be thought to do”句型,故用被动语态。]

6.which[分析句子结构可知,逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是“reduced muscle activity”,空处在从句中作主语,故用which引导。]

7.To reduce[逗号前是非谓语动词短语,再根据语境可知,此处表示“为了……”,故要用不定式作目的状语。]

8.breaks[此处表示“在打电话、喝茶或开会期间”。此处break作可数名词,表示“间歇,休息”,空前无限定词修饰,故用break的复数形式。]

9.attached[分析句子结构可知,空处是非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰空前的代词one。one是及物动词attach所表示的动作的承受者,故填过去分词attached。] 10.an[make an attempt to do sth“尝试/试图做某事”,是固定搭配,故填不定冠词an。]

Ⅱ.短文改错

Dear Li Hua,

I’m pretty delighting to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.I’ve been

thinking about a question you asked me.In your opinion,you should come back before you finish your study abroad.For one reason,what you are studying is bad needed nowadays in China.It will be quite easy for you to find a good job.As a matter of fact,a great many of big companies in our city are hoping to employ people as you.For other reason,it will be much more convenient for you to look after your parent as they are getting old.Therefore,I think it’s a good idea for you to return.So what are you waiting?

Best wishes!

Yours,

John 答案

Dear Li Hua,

I’m pretty delighting

delighted to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.I’ve

been thinking about

a

the question you asked me.In

your

my opinion,you should come

back before

after you finish your study abroad.For one reason,what you are studying is

bad

badly needed nowadays in China.It will be quite easy for you to find a good job.As a matter of fact,a great many big companies in our city are hoping to employ

people

as

like you.For

other

another reason,it will be much more convenient for you to look

after your parent

parents as they are getting old.Therefore,I think it’s a good idea for you to

return.So what are you waiting ?

Best wishes!

Yours,

John Ⅲ.书面表达

(2019·东北三校联考)假定你是高三学生李华,还有一个月就要离开母校,请你写一份毕业典礼发言稿,内容包括以下要点:

1.列举高中生活的难忘片段(如学习、活动等);

2.表达感激之情及美好祝愿。

注意:1.词数100左右;

2.可适当发挥,以使内容连贯。

Dear friends,

Thank you!

Yours,

Li Hua 【参考范文】

Dear__friends,

How time flies! It’s about a month before we graduate from this school and we’ll go to separate universities.It is my great honor to stand here and deliver a speech. Looking back on the old days,I can still remember we were quite curious about everything when we first met.And I like the spring outing best,as we were so delighted exposed to nature.Additionally,what impressed me most was the time when we were completely absorbed in preparing for the university entrance examination.Tired but determined,we fight for our dream without any hesitation. Words fail me when I want to express my gratitude for the care and love from you.I sincerely hope that after graduation our friendship will last forever.

Thank__you!

Yours,

Li__Hua

光纤模块基本知识

光纤模块基本知识 光纤模块基本知识 光纤模块只有短波(SX)、长波(LX)和超长波(ZX)之分,没有单模多模之分!只有光纤才分单模多模! 短波光纤模块:发光口大,传输距离近 长波和超长波光纤模块:发光口小,传输距离远 多模光纤:纤芯直径大,传输距离近 单模光纤:纤芯直径小,传输距离远 短波模块-单模光纤-短波模块:不可行!因为短波模块的发光口大于单模光纤的纤芯直径,部分光信号无法进入光纤 长波模块-多模光纤-长波模块:一般可行,因为长波模块的发光口小于多模光纤的纤芯直径,所有光信号能够进入光纤。但传输距离受多模光纤限制,只有几百米,而且本人见过连通性不稳定甚至连不通的情况! 长波模块-多模光纤-短波模块:不可行!两端波长必须相同! 如果传输距离较远,必须选择长波模块-单模光纤-长波模块! 光纤主要分为两类: 单模光纤(Single-mode Fiber):一般光纤跳线用黄色表示,接头和保护套为

蓝色;传输距离较长。 多模光纤(Multi-mode Fiber):一般光纤跳线用橙色表示,也有的用灰色表示,接头和保护套用米色或者黑色;传输距离较短。 光纤使用注意! 光纤跳线两端的光模块的收发波长必须一致,也就是说光纤的两端必须是相同波长的光模块,简单的区分方法是光模块的颜色要一致。 一般的情况下,短波光模块使用多模光纤(橙色的光纤),长波光模块使用单模光纤(黄色光纤),以保证数据传输的准确性。 光纤在使用中不要过度弯曲和绕环,这样会增加光在传输过程的衰减。光纤跳线使用后一定要用保护套将光纤接头保护起来,灰尘和油污会损害光纤的耦合。 单模多模 1. 光纤是如何工作的? 通讯用光纤由外覆塑料保护层的细如毛发的玻璃丝组成。玻璃丝实质上由两部分组成:核心直径为9到62.5μm,外覆直径为125μm的低折射率的玻璃材料。虽然按所用的材料及不同的尺寸而分还有一些其它种类的光纤,但这里提到的是最常见的那几种。光在光纤的芯层部分以“全内反射”方式进行传输,也就是指光线进入光纤的一端后,在芯层和包层界

光模块基础知识大全分类及选用

光模块基础知识大全、分类及选用 、光模块基本知识 1、定义: 光模块:也就是光收发一体模块。 2、结构: 光收发一体模块由光电子器件、功能电路和光接口等组成,光电子器件包括发射和接收两部分。 发射部分是:输入一定码率的电信号经内部的驱动芯片处理后驱动半导体激光器(LD)或发光二极管(LED发射出相应速率的调制光信号,其内部带有光功率自动控制电路,使输出的光信号功率保持稳定。 接收部分是:一定码率的光信号输入模块后由光探测二极管转换为电信号。 经前置放大器后输出相应码率的电信号,输出的信号一般为P ECL电平。同时在 输入光功率小于一定值后会输出一个告警信号。 3、光模块的参数及意义 光模块有很多很重要的光电技术参数,但对于GBIC和SFP这两种热插拔光 模块而言,选用时最关注的就是下面三个参数: 1)中心波长 单位纳米(nm,目前主要有3种: 850nm( MM多模,成本低但传输距离短,一般只能传输500M ; 1310nm (SM单模,传输过程中损耗大但色散小,一般用于40KM以内的传

1550nm (SM单模,传输过程中损耗小但色散大,一般用于40KM以上的长 距离传输,最远可以无中继直接传输120KM) 2)传输速率 每秒钟传输数据的比特数(bit ),单位bps。 目前常用的有4种:155Mbps、1.25Gbps、2.5Gbps、10Gbps等。传输速率一般向下兼容,因此155M光模块也称FE (百兆)光模块,1.25G光模块也称GE (千兆)光模块,这是目前光传输设备中应用最多的模块。此外,在光纤存储系统(SAN中它的传输速率有2Gbps 4Gbps和8Gbps 3)传输距离 km 。 光信号无需中继放大可以直接传输的距离,单位千米(也称公里, 光模块一般有以下几种规格:多模550m 单模15km 40km 80km和120km 等等。 除以上3种主要技术参数(波长,速率,距离)外,光模块还有如下几个基本概念,这些概念只需简单了解就行。 a、激光器类别 激光器是光模块中最核心的器件,将电流注入半导体材料中,通过谐振腔的 光子振荡和增益射出激光。目前最常用的激光器有FP和DFB激光器,它们的差 异是半导体材料和谐振腔结构不同,DFB激光器的价格比FP激光器贵很多。传输距离在40KM 以内的光模块一般使用FP激光器;传输距离》40KM的光模块一般使用DFB激光器。 b、损耗和色散 损耗是光在光纤中传输时,由于介质的吸收散射以及泄漏导致的光能量损失, 这部分能量随着传输距离的增加以一定的比率耗散。色散的产生主要是因为不同 波长的电磁波在同一介质中传播时速度不等,从而造成光信号的不同波长成分由于传输距离的累积而在不同的时间到达接收端,导致脉冲展宽,进而无法分辨信

光模块光纤的常用知识.

光模块/光纤的常用知识 以太网交换机常用的光模块有SFP,GBIC,XFP,XENPAK: SFP: Small Form-factor Pluggable transceiver ,小封装可插拔收发器 GBIC :GigaBit Interface Converter,千兆以太网接口转换器 XFP: 10-Gigabit small Form-factor Pluggable transceiver 万兆以太网接口小封装可插拔收发器 XENPAK: 10 Gigabit EtherNet Transceiver PAcKage万兆以太网接口收发器集合封装 光纤连接器 光纤连接器由光纤和光纤两端的插头组成,插头由插针和外围的锁紧结构组成。根据不同的锁紧机制,光纤连接器可以分为FC型、SC型、LC型、ST型和MTRJ型。 FC连接器采用螺纹锁紧机构,是发明较早、使用最多的一种光纤活动连接器。 SC是一种矩形的接头,由NTT研制,不用螺纹连接,可直接插拔,与FC连接器相比具有操作空间小,使用方便。低端以太网产品非常常见。 LC是由LUCENT开发的一种Mini型的SC连接器,具有更小的体积,已广泛在系统中使用,是今后光纤活动连接器发展的一个方向。低端以太网产品非常常见。 ST连接器是由AT&T公司开发的,用卡口式锁紧机构,主要参数指标与FC和SC连接器相当,但在公司应用并不普遍,通常都用在多模器件连接,与其它厂家设备对接时使用较多。 MTRJ的插针是塑料的,通过钢针定位,随着插拔次数的增加,各配合面会发生磨损,长期稳定性不如陶瓷插针连接器。

光纤知识 光纤是传输光波的导体。光纤从光传输的模式来分可分为单模光纤和多模光纤。 在单模光纤中光传输只有一种基模模式,也就是说光线只沿光纤的内芯进行传输。由于完全避免了模式射散使得单模光纤的传输频带很宽因而适用与高速,长距离的光纤通迅。 在多模光纤中光传输有多个模式,由于色散或像差,这种光纤的传输性能较差,频带窄,传输速率较小,距离较短。 光纤的特性参数 光纤的结构预制的石英光纤棒拉制而成,通信用的多模光纤和单模光纤的外径都为125μm。 纤体分为两个区域:纤芯(Core)和包层(Cladding layer)。单模光纤纤芯直径为8~10μm,多模光纤纤芯径有两种标准规格,芯径分别为62.5μm(美国标准)和50μm(欧洲标准)。 我们在用户资料<安装手册>中经常看到对接口光纤规格有这样的描述:62.5μm/125μm多模光纤,其中62.5μm就是指光纤的芯径,125μm就是指光纤的外径。 单模光纤使用的光波长为1310nm或1550 nm。多模光纤使用的光波长多为850 nm。 从颜色上可以区分单模光纤和多模光纤。单模光纤外体为黄色,多模光纤外体为橘红色。 千兆光口自协商 千兆光口可以工作在强制和自协商两种模式。802.3规范中千兆光口只支持1000M速率,支持全双工(Full)和半双工(Half)两种双工模式。 自协商和强制最根本的区别就是两者再建立物理链路时发送的码流不同,自协商模式发送的是/C/码,也就是配置(Configuration)码流,而强制模式发送的是/I/码,也就是idle码流。 千兆光口自协商过程 一、两端都设置为自协商模式 双方互相发送/C/码流,如果连续接收到3个相同的/C/码且接收到的码流和本端工作方式相匹配,则返回给对方一个带有Ack应答的/C/码,对端接收到Ack信息后,认为两者可以互通, 设置端口为UP状态

光模块基础知识大全、分类及选用

光模块基础知识大全、分类及选用 一、光模块基本知识 1、定义: 光模块:也就是光收发一体模块。 2、结构: 光收发一体模块由光电子器件、功能电路和光接口等组成,光电子器件包括发射和接收两部分。 发射部分是:输入一定码率的电信号经内部的驱动芯片处理后驱动半导体激光器(LD)或发光二极管(LED)发射出相应速率的调制光信号,其内部带有光功率自动控制电路,使输出的光信号功率保持稳定。 接收部分是:一定码率的光信号输入模块后由光探测二极管转换为电信号。经前置放大器后输出相应码率的电信号,输出的信号一般为PECL电平。同时在输入光功率小于一定值后会输出一个告警信号。 3、光模块的参数及意义 光模块有很多很重要的光电技术参数,但对于GBIC和SFP这两种热插拔光模块而言,选用时最关注的就是下面三个参数: 1)中心波长 单位纳米(nm),目前主要有3种: 850nm(MM,多模,成本低但传输距离短,一般只能传输500M); 1310nm (SM,单模,传输过程中损耗大但色散小,一般用于40KM以内的传输);

1550nm (SM,单模,传输过程中损耗小但色散大,一般用于40KM以上的长距离传输,最远可以无中继直接传输120KM); 2)传输速率 每秒钟传输数据的比特数(bit),单位bps。 目前常用的有4种: 155Mbps、1.25Gbps、2.5Gbps、10Gbps等。传输速率 一般向下兼容,因此155M 光模块也称FE(百兆)光模块,1.25G光模块也称GE (千兆)光模块,这是目前光传输设备中应用最多的模块。此外,在光纤存储系统(SAN)中它的传输速率有2Gbps、4Gbps和8Gbps。 3)传输距离 光信号无需中继放大可以直接传输的距离,单位千米(也称公里,km)。 光模块一般有以下几种规格:多模550m,单模15km、40km、80km和120km 等等。 除以上3种主要技术参数(波长,速率,距离)外,光模块还有如下几个基本概念,这些概念只需简单了解就行。 a、激光器类别 激光器是光模块中最核心的器件,将电流注入半导体材料中,通过谐振腔的光子振荡和增益射出激光。目前最常用的激光器有FP和DFB激光器,它们的差异是半导体材料和谐振腔结构不同,DFB激光器的价格比FP激光器贵很多。传 输距离在40KM以内的光模块一般使用FP激光器;传输距离≥40KM的光模块一 般使用DFB激光器。 b、损耗和色散 损耗是光在光纤中传输时,由于介质的吸收散射以及泄漏导致的光能量损失,这部分能量随着传输距离的增加以一定的比率耗散。色散的产生主要是因为不同

最全的光模块知识

最全的光模块知识最近看了看,光模块的发展真是日新月异在盘点光模块之前,我们先来讲讲两台设备,是如何通过光纤连接起来的 其实这里面涉及好多东西 而我们最关注的主要是两部分 光纤跳线和光模块 ① 光纤跳线 光缆分为单模和多模 我们可以从跳线的颜色上来区分 有没有一种ofo和摩拜的即视感 两种光纤的光传输模式不同

最直接的影响是,传输距离的差异 比如对丁千兆网络来说 单模光纤可以传输上白公里(120KM) 多模光纤只能传几白米(550m) 光纤跳线是一种“接插件” 一边连光模块,一边连熔接盒(或配线架) 它的接口有很多种“造型” 这么多复杂的名字其实不重要 我们记住一点就好 跳线是为了连接两端的 只要接口和两端的形态匹配就ok 接口匹配了,才能插在一起 大家看对眼,一切好商量 ②

光模块 光模块经过这么多年的发展 形态几多变迁,一一道来 GBIC模块 这曾经是应用最广泛的千兆模块形态 比如C记老玩家们耳熟能详的5484/5486根据连接光纤类型和传输距离的不同GBIC有很多子类,不同厂家命名规则不同(GBIC-SX , GBIC-LX , GBIC-LH 等等)有些人很变态,不连光纤,而是要连接双绞线 丁是,就有了GBIC-T模块 这种变态模块把光口变成电口来用 在只需要少量电口的场合 也算是不错的折衷之法

SFP模块

但它的缺陷是尺寸比较大(火柴盒大小) 功耗高而且占空间 丁是,SFP被创造出来 它的尺寸像一盒绿箭口香糖 类似的,也有人用来连接双绞线

这就是SFP-T 我们再来看一下万兆的模块们Xenpak、X2、XFP、SFP+

光模块常识

光模块的一些常识知识 光纤模块的构成:有发射激(TOSA),接受(ROSSA) 线路板 IC 外部配件 光纤模块接口分为FC型、SC型、LC型、ST型和FTRJ型。RJ45 光收发一体模块分类 按照速率分:以太网应用的100Base(百兆)、1000Base(千兆)、10GE SDH 应用的155M、622M、2.5G、10G 按照封装分:1×9、SFF、SFP、GBIC SFP+ XFP X2 XENPAK 1×9封装--焊接型光模块,一般速率有52M/155M/622M/1.25G,多采用SC接口 SFF封装--焊接小封装光模块,一般速率有155M/622M/1.25G/2.25G/4.25G,多采用LC接口 GBIC封装--热插拔千兆接口光模块,采用SC接口 SFP封装--热插拔小封装模块,目前最高数率可达 155M/622M/1.25G/2.125G/4.25G/8G/10G,多采用LC接口 XENPAK封装--应用在万兆以太网,采用SC接口 XFP封装--10G光模块,可用在万兆以太网,SONET等多种系统,多采用LC接口按照激光类型分:LED、VCSEL、FP LD、DFB LD 按照发射波长分:850nm、1310nm、1550nm等等 按照使用方式分:非热插拔(1×9、SFF),可热插拔(GBIC、SFP、XENPAK、XFP)光纤模块又分单模和多模 单模光纤使用的光波长为1310nm或1550 nm。单模光纤的尺寸为 9-10/125μm 它的传输距离一般 10KM 20kM 40KM 70KM 120KM 多模光纤使用的光波长多为850 nm或1310nm.多模光纤50/125μm或 62.5/125μm两种,它的传输距离也不一样,一般千兆环境下50/125μm线可传输550M,62.5/125μm只可以传送330M。(2KM 550M)

光模块基础知识

光模块基础知识详解 图1光模块示意 一、光模块的主要组成部分 光模块主要有6部分组成,分别为金手指、控制器MCU、激光驱动器、限幅放大器、发射端TOSA、及接收端ROSA组成。 1.1、金手指 图2金手指

(a)金手指如图2所示,主要有以下几个功能: 1)给模块来提供供电回路; 2)实现模块的热插拔的功能; 3)为模块的高速信号提供连接; 4)为模块的低速信号提供连接; 5)向主机指示模块已经插入。 (b)管脚详解 1)发射端地管脚标号为1、17、20 2)接收端地管脚标号为9、10、11、14 供电回路中发射端及接收端是单独进行供电的,以避免相互干扰,同时在国际协议中发射端地级接收端地也是单独标注,但在实际中,对此也并没有严格区分,部分公司产品发射端地级接收端地是连接在一起的。连接在一起,也可以避免APD升压产生干扰,亦符合单点接地原则。 3)发射及接收端电源15,VCCR;16,VCCT 原则上来说,发射端及接收端的电源是单独供应的,这样可最大限度避免电源之间的相互干扰,主机端对发射端及接收端是单独进行滤波的。 图3host board典型供电电路图 4)低速信号MOD-DEF2(4)、MOD-DEF1(5); 标准的I2C两线接口,可以完成主机到模块的双向通讯;模块中的SERIAL ID,DOM等信息都是通过这个接口读取出来或者写入; 5)低速信号MOD-DEF0(6)

该管脚接地,主机该管脚集电极开路,用于检测模块是否已经插入主机。 6)低速信号TXDISABLE(3) 该管脚用于指示是否关闭发射端,集电极开路输出,需要关闭发射端时,该管脚为高电平,在模块端上拉; 7)低速信号TXFAULT(2) 该管脚用于指示模块发射端是否出现严重故障,若出现严重故障, TXFAULT为高,在主机端上拉。 8)低速信号RX-LOS(8) 该管脚用于指示模块接收端是否出现严重故障,若出现严重故障,该管脚为高电平,在主机端上拉。 9)接收端差分信号对RD+(13)、RD-(14) 此两管脚为高速信号接收端,用于接收告诉信号。 10)发射端差分信号对TD+(18)、TD-(19) 此两管脚为高速信号发射端,用于发射高速信号。

光模块质量检测报告

互联两端都是非原配双纤1.25G 10KM单模光模块的端口协商和IP连通性测试 disp int g1/0/1 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 current state : UP Line protocol current state : UP Last line protocol up time : 2013-04-01 21:23:39 Description:HUAWEI, GigabitEthernet1/0/1 Interface Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500 Internet Address is 1.1.1.1/30 IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is dcd2-fc01-6d21 The Vendor PN is SF1312-10D The Vendor Name is OEM Port BW: 1G, Transceiver max BW: 1G, Transceiver Mode: SingleMode WaveLength: 1310nm, Transmission Distance: 10km Rx Power: -6.57dBm, Warning range: [-21.02, -3.00]dBm Tx Power: -5.94dBm, Warning range: [-9.00, -3.00]dBm Loopback:none, full-duplex mode, negotiation: disable, Pause Flowcontrol:Receive Enable and Send Enable Last physical up time : 2013-04-01 21:23:39 Last physical down time : 2013-04-01 21:22:59 Current system time: 2013-04-01 21:29:35 Statistics last cleared:never Last 300 seconds input rate: 8984 bits/sec, 2 packets/sec Last 300 seconds output rate: 8904 bits/sec, 2 packets/sec Input: 5103419 bytes, 19376 packets Output: 4835089 bytes, 18513 packets Input: Unicast: 13022 packets, Multicast: 543 packets Broadcast: 5811 packets, JumboOctets: 0 packets CRC: 0 packets, Symbol: 0 packets Overrun: 0 packets, InRangeLength: 0 packets LongPacket: 0 packets, Jabber: 0 packets, Alignment: 0 packets Fragment: 0 packets, Undersized Frame: 0 packets RxPause: 0 packets Output: Unicast: 12715 packets, Multicast: 547 packets Broadcast: 5251 packets, JumboOctets: 0 packets Lost: 0 packets, Overflow: 0 packets, Underrun: 0 packets System: 0 packets, Overrun: 0 packets TxPause: 0 packets Input bandwidth utilization : 0% Output bandwidth utilization : 0%

光模块项目申请报告参考模板(word下载可编辑)

光模块项目申请报告 规划设计 / 投资分析

光模块项目申请报告 光模块的作用是光电转换,主要由光电子器件、功能电路和光接口等 组成。光模块主要原材料包括光芯片及组件、集成电路芯片及结构件等。 其中,光芯片就及组件在成本中的占比为65%,是最核心的原材料,且光芯片成本越高,光模块速率越高。 2013-2018年随着光信行业的快速发展,我国光模块需求市场不断增长,需求量从2013年的0.42亿只增至2018年的1.17亿只,增长近3倍;市 场规模从2013年的74.9亿元升至2018年的142.99亿元,增长近2倍。 该光模块项目计划总投资5075.85万元,其中:固定资产投资4286.69万元,占项目总投资的84.45%;流动资金789.16万元,占项目总投资的15.55%。 达产年营业收入7252.00万元,总成本费用5457.54万元,税金及附 加89.46万元,利润总额1794.46万元,利税总额2131.43万元,税后净 利润1345.85万元,达产年纳税总额785.59万元;达产年投资利润率 35.35%,投资利税率41.99%,投资回报率26.51%,全部投资回收期5.27年,提供就业职位115个。

依据国家产业发展政策、相关行业“十三五”发展规划、地方经济发展状况和产业发展趋势,同时,根据项目承办单位已经具体的资源条件、建设条件并结合企业发展战略,阐述投资项目建设的背景及必要性。 ......

光模块项目申请报告目录 第一章申报单位及项目概况 一、项目申报单位概况 二、项目概况 第二章发展规划、产业政策和行业准入分析 一、发展规划分析 二、产业政策分析 三、行业准入分析 第三章资源开发及综合利用分析 一、资源开发方案。 二、资源利用方案 三、资源节约措施 第四章节能方案分析 一、用能标准和节能规范。 二、能耗状况和能耗指标分析 三、节能措施和节能效果分析 第五章建设用地、征地拆迁及移民安置分析 一、项目选址及用地方案

牛津高中英语模块7 unit1 project

Unit 1 Module 7 Project Intensive Reading Period I. 编写:傅西江 2015/4/1 Step I. Translate the following phrases into English. 1. 事实上,实际上 _____________ 2.对…进行表决 _______________ 3.面对面 _______________ 4.和陌生人打交道 _______________ 5.反对拥有电话. _______________ 6. 对…方便 ________________ 7. 通过电话线 _______________ 8. 也,还有 ________________ 9. 沉迷于,专注于___________ 10. 拨错号码 ______________ Step II. Languages points. 1. In truth, whenever a new technology is introduced, the Amish meet and discuss its advantages and disadvantages. Meanwhile, real relationships are often sacrificed, and whatever personal peace one has is destroyed whenever the phone rings. ※句中 whenever 引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter when. 疑问词+ever ”相当于“ no matter + 疑问词”, ever 本是一个加强语气的词,加在疑问词后面作后缀,不仅使疑问词的语气加强,而且变为具有让步意义的一个复合词,可用于引导让步状语从句. Whatever /No matter what you say, I believe you. Whoever /No matter who telephones, tell them I’m out. Whichever /No matter which day you come, I’ll be pleased to see you. Whenever /No matter when you come, you are welcome. 虽然“ no matter +疑问词”和“疑问词+ever ”都可以用来引导让步状语从句,但后者的用途更广,这类词还可用来引导名词性从句(主语从句或宾语从句)。如: He does whatever she asks him to do. Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. I’ll give the ticket to whoever wants it. Whichever team gains the most points wins. 翻译:来参加晚会的人都会收到一份礼物。 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ※高考连接 ①.____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever ②.Mother will wait for him to have dinner together, ____. A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is ③. You can eat food free in my restaurant ____ you like. A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however 2. Since the Amish value seeing each other face to face, they oppose having telephones in their houses. ※句中since 引导_________ 从句,face to face 作______( 成分)。 研读下列例句,说出value 的意思和词性。 When we were young, parents taught us to become the people who are of value to society. _______________ The market value of this car has declined. ____________ The old machine was valued at 6000 yuan. ____________ We should value every minute in this school. ____________

光模块知识(详细)

光模块知识 ——转载自通信人家园光模块的发展简述 光模块分类 按封装:1*9 、GBIC、SFF、SFP、XFP、SFP+、X2、XENPARK、300pin等。 按速率:155M、622M、1.25G、2.5G、4.25G、10G、40G等。 按波长:常规波长、CWDM、DWDM等。 按模式:单模光纤(黄色)、多模光纤(橘红色)。 按使用性:热插拔(GBIC、SFP、XFP、XENPAK)和非热插拔(1*9、SFF)。 封装形式

光模块基本原理 光收发一体模块(Optical Transceiver)

光收发一体模块是光通信的核心器件,完成对光信号的光-电/电-光转换。由两部分组成:接收部分和发射部分。接收部分实现光-电变换,发射部分实现电-光变换。 发射部分: 输入一定码率的电信号经内部的驱动芯片处理后驱动半导体激光器(LD)或发光二极管(LED)发射出相应速率的调制光信号,其内部带有光功率自动控制电路(APC),使输出的光信号功率保持稳定。 接收部分: 一定码率的光信号输入模块后由光探测二极管转换为电信号,经前置放大器后输出相应码率的电信号,输出的信号一般为PECL电平。同时在输入光功率小于一定值后会输出一个告警信号。

光模块内部结构 光模块的主要参数 1. 传输速率 传输速率指每秒传输比特数,单位Mb/s 或Gb/s。主要速率:百兆、千兆、2.5G、4.25G 和万兆。 2.传输距离

光模块的传输距离分为短距、中距和长距三种。一般认为2km 及以下的为短距离,10~20km 的为中距离,30km、40km 及以上的为长距离。 ■光模块的传输距离受到限制,主要是因为光信号在光纤中传输时会有一定的损耗和色散。 注意: 损耗是光在光纤中传输时,由于介质的吸收散射以及泄漏导致的光能量损失,这部分能量随着传输距离的增加以一定的比率耗散。 色散的产生主要是因为不同波长的电磁波在同一介质中传播时速度不等,从而造成光信号的不同波长成分由于传输距离的累积而在不同的时间到达接收端,导致脉冲展宽,进而无法分辨信号值。 因此,用户需要根据自己的实际组网情况选择合适的光模块,以满足不同的传输距离要求。 3.中心波长 中心波长指光信号传输所使用的光波段。目前常用的光模块的中心波长主要有三种:850nm 波段、1310nm 波段以及1550nm 波段。 850nm 波段:多用于≤2km短距离传输 1310nm 和1550nm 波段:多用于中长距离传输,2km以上的传输。 光纤类型 1. 光纤模式(Fiber Mode) 按光在光纤中的传输模式可将光纤分为单模光纤和多模光纤两种。 多模光纤(MMF,Multi Mode Fiber),纤芯较粗,可传多种模式的光。但其模间色散较大,且随传输距离的增加模间色散情况会逐渐加重。多模光纤的传输距离还与其传输速率、芯径、模式带宽有关,具体关系请参见下表。

光纤、光模块及光接口常用知识整理

光纤、光模块及光接口常用知识整理。 以太网交换机常用的光模块有SFP,GBIC,XFP,XENPAK。 它们的英文全称: SFP:Small Form-factor Pluggabletransceiver ,小封装可插拔收发器GBIC:GigaBit Interface Converter,千兆以太网接口转换器 XFP: 10-Gigabit small Form-factorPluggable transceiver 万兆以太网接口 小封装可插拔收发器 XENPAK: 10 Gigabit EtherNet TransceiverPAcKage万兆以太网接口收发器集合封装 光纤连接器

光纤连接器由光纤和光纤两端的插头组成,插头由插针和外围的锁紧结构组成。根据不同的锁紧机制,光纤连接器可以分为FC型、SC型、LC型、ST型和KTRJ型。 FC连接器采用螺纹锁紧机构,是发明较早、使用最多的一种光纤活动连接器。 SC是一种矩形的接头,由NTT研制,不用螺纹连接,可直接插拔,与FC连接器相比具有操作空间小,使用方便。低端以太网产品非常常见。 LC是由LUCENT开发的一种Mini型的SC连接器,具有更小的体积,已广泛在系统中使用,是今后光纤活动连接器发展的一个方向。低端以太网产品非常常见。 ST连接器是由AT&T公司开发的,用卡口式锁紧机构,主要参数指标与FC和SC连接器相当,但在公司应用并不普遍,通常都用在多模器件连接,与其它厂家设备对接时使用较多。 KTRJ的插针是塑料的,通过钢针定位,随着插拔次数的增加,各配合面会发生磨损,长期稳定性不如陶瓷插针连接器。 光纤知识 光纤是传输光波的导体。光纤从光传输的模式来分可分为单模光纤和多模光纤。

牛津高中英语模块7unit1project

Unit 1 Module 7Project Intensive Reading Period I. 编写:傅西江2015/4/1 Step I. Translate the following phrases into English. 1. 事实上,实际上_____________ 6.对, 方便________________ 2. 对 , 进行表决 _______________7.通过电话线_______________ 3.面对面_______________8.也,还有________________ 4.和陌生人打交道_______________9.沉迷于,专注于 ___________ 5.反对拥有电话 ._______________10. 拨错号码______________ Step II. Languages points. 1.In truth, whenever a new technology is introduced, the Amish meet and discuss its advantages and disadvantages. Meanwhile, real relationships are often sacrificed, and whatever personal peace one has is destroyed whenever the phone rings. ※句中whenever 引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter when. 疑问词+ever ”相当于“ no matter + 疑问词”, ever 本是一个加强语气的词,加在疑问词后面作后缀,不仅使疑问词的语气加强,而且变为具有让步意义的一个复合词,可用于引导让步状语从句. Whatever /No matter what you say, I believe you. Whoever / No matter who telephones, tell them I’ m out. Whichever /No matter which day you come, I’ ll be pleased to see you. Whenever /No matter when you come, you are welcome. 虽然“ no matter +疑问词”和“疑问词+ever ”可以用来引导让步状语从句,但后者的用途更广,这类词都还可用来引导名词性从句(主语从句或宾语从句)。如: He does whatever she asks him to do. Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. I ’ ll give the ticket to whoever wants it. Whichever team gains the most points wins. 翻译:来参加晚会的人都会收到一份礼物。 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ※ 高考连接 ①. ____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever ②. Mother will wait for him to have dinner together, ____. A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is ③. You can eat food free in my restaurant ____ you like. A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however 2.Since the Amish value seeing each other face to face, they oppose having telephones in their houses. ※句中 since 引导 _________ 从句, face to face 作 ______( 成分 )。 研读下列例句,说出 value 的意思和词性。 When we were young, parents taught us to become the people who are of value to society. _______________ The market value of this car has declined. ____________ 第 1 页 God helps those who help themselves. -----自助者天助。

光钎模块基本知识

光纤模块基本知识 光纤模块只有短波(SX)、长波(LX)和超长波(ZX)之分,没有单模多模之分!只有光纤才分单模多模! 短波光纤模块:发光口大,传输距离近 长波和超长波光纤模块:发光口小,传输距离远 多模光纤:纤芯直径大,传输距离近 单模光纤:纤芯直径小,传输距离远 短波模块-单模光纤-短波模块:不可行!因为短波模块的发光口大于单模光纤的纤芯直径,部分光信号无法进入光纤

长波模块-多模光纤-长波模块:一般可行,因为长波模块的发光口小于多模光纤的纤芯直径,所有光信号能够进入光纤。但传输距离受多模光纤限制,只有几百米,而且本 人见过连通性不稳定甚至连不通的情况! 长波模块-多模光纤-短波模块:不可行!两端波长必须相同! 如果传输距离较远,必须选择长波模块-单模光纤-长波模块! 光纤主要分为两类: 单模光纤(Single-mode Fiber):一般光纤跳线用黄色表示,接头和保护套为蓝色;传输距离较长。 多模光纤(Multi-mode Fiber):一般光纤跳线用橙色表示,也有的用灰色表示,接头和 保护套用米色或者黑色;传输距离较短。 光纤使用注意! 光纤跳线两端的光模块的收发波长必须一致,也就是说光纤的两端必须是相同波长的 光模块,简单的区分方法是光模块的颜色要一致。 一般的情况下,短波光模块使用多模光纤(橙色的光纤),长波光模块使用单模光纤(黄色光纤),以保证数据传输的准确性。 光纤在使用中不要过度弯曲和绕环,这样会增加光在传输过程的衰减。 光纤跳线使用后一定要用保护套将光纤接头保护起来,灰尘和油污会损害光纤的耦合。 单模多模 1. 光纤是如何工作的? 通讯用光纤由外覆塑料保护层的细如毛发的玻璃丝组成。玻璃丝实质上由两部分组成:核心直径为9到62.5μm,外覆直径为125μm的低折射率的玻璃材料。虽然按所用的材料及不同的尺寸而分还有一些其它种类的光纤,但这里提到的是最常见的那几种。 光在光纤的芯层部分以“全内反射”方式进行传输,也就是指光线进入光纤的一端后,

光模块的一些常识知识

光纤模块的构成:发射(TOSA),接收(ROSA) 线路板 IC 外部配件 光纤模块接口分为FC型、SC型、LC型、ST型和FTRJ型。RJ45 光收发一体模块分类 按照速率分:以太网应用的100Base(百兆)、1000Base(千兆)、10GE SDH 应用的155M、622M、2.5G、10G 按照封装分:1×9、SFF、SFP、GBIC SFP+ XFP X2 XENPAK 1×9封装--焊接型光模块,一般速率有52M/155M/622M/1.25G,多采用SC接口SFF封装--焊接小封装光模块,一般速率有155M/622M/1.25G/2.25G/4.25G,多采用LC接口 GBIC封装--热插拔千兆接口光模块,采用SC接口 SFP封装--热插拔小封装模块,目前最高数率可达155M/622M/1.25G/2.125G/4.25G/8G/10G,多采用LC接口 XENPAK封装--应用在万兆以太网,采用SC接口 XFP封装--10G光模块,可用在万兆以太网,SONET等多种系统,多采用LC接口 按照激光类型分:LED、VCSEL、FP LD、DFB LD 按照发射波长分:850nm、1310nm、1550nm等等 按照使用方式分:非热插拔(1×9、SFF),可热插拔(GBIC、SFP、XENPAK、XFP) 光纤模块又分单模和多模 单模光纤使用的光波长为1310nm或1550 nm。单模光纤的尺寸为9-10/125μm 它的传输距离一般 10KM 20kM 40KM 70KM 120KM 多模光纤使用的光波长多为850 nm或1310nm.多模光纤50/125μm或62.5/125μm两种,它的传输距离也不一样,一般千兆环境下50/125μm线可传输550M,62.5/125μm只可以传送330M。(2KM 550M) 从颜色上可以区分单模光纤和多模光纤。单模光纤外体为黄色,多模光纤外体为橘红色。 光纤模块的电频:PECL 电流:18豪安,电压:3.3V ,5V 温度:0~70 ,-40~70(工业级) 光模块常用的一些符号:SX MM(850nm 550M) LX SM(1310nm 15KM) LHSM(1310nm 40km) ZX(1550nm 70KM) EZX(1550nm120KM) SR LR ER ZR 长用光模块的一些技术参数: 1.155M 1310nm FP 2KM 光功率:发射-8~-19dbm,接收:《-31dbm。电频:PCEL 温度:0~70 电压:3.3~5V可选的 2.155M 1310nm FP 15KM 光功率:发射-8~-15dbm,接收:《-31dbm。电频:PCEL 温度:0~70 电压: 3.3~5V可选的 3.155M 1310nmFP 40KM 光功率:发射0~-5dbm,接收:《-35dbm。电频:PCEL 温度:0~70 电压:3.3~5V可选的 4.155M 1550nmDFP 80KM 光功率:发射0~-5dbm,接收:《-34dbm。电频:PCEL 温度:0~70 电压:3.3~5V可选的 5.1.25G 850nm FP 550M 光功率:发射-3~-9dbm,接收:《-18dbm。电频:PCEL 温度:0~70 电压:3.3~5V可选的

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档