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厦门大学博士入学考试人文社科类学科基本素质历年真题

厦门大学2011年博士入学考试试题

适应专业：全校人文社科专业

科目代码：2001

考试科目：人文社科基本素质

请从以下三道题中任选一题，并根据要求论述你的观点。

第一题：一位记者采访华罗庚问到“为什么中国培养不出优秀人才？那么你对中国当前的人才为什么培养不出优秀人才的认识？并论述你的观点，论点切忌空洞。

第二题：中国去年GDP 总量超过日本，但是人均GDP 却远远低于日本，中国的GDP 是否真正的超过了日本？请就这一现象发表你的看法，并论述你的观点。

第三题：随着中国经济的快速发展，人民生活水平得到了极大的提高，但是贫富差距问题却日渐突出。我国经济发展中的这一问题现状是什么？出现的原因又是什么？你又有什么样的建议措施？请就以上问题发表你的看法并详细论述你的观点。

适应专业：全校人文社科专业

科目代码：2001

考试科目：人文社科基本素质

一、选择题（20 分）共5 道

1《通往奴役之路》一书的作者（）

A 保罗

B 萨缪尔森

C 科斯

D 哈耶克

2.止于至善出于：（）

A《礼记·大学》

B《中庸》

C《论语》

D《孟子》：

3.软实力的提出者：（）

A 萨缪尔·亨廷顿

B 约瑟夫·奈

C 保罗·萨缪尔森

D 福山

4.“金无足赤，人无完人”；“智者千虑，必有一失，愚者千虑，必有一得”反映了哪个哲学道理（）

A 次要矛盾解决的好坏，影响着主要矛盾的解决

B 要善于抓住主要矛盾，明确主攻方向

C 矛盾的主要方面决定着事物的性质

D 矛盾的主次方面转化了，事物的性质也就改变了

5.人文社会科学包括哪些学科：（）

A 数学体育学法学

B 经济学宗教学教育学

C 法学美术学艺术学

D 宗教学政治学艺术系

二、写作题（80 分，以下三题任选一道作答，1、2 题字数不得少于1500 字，

3 题字数不得少于2000 字）

1 谈谈你对国学热的看法；

2 论述中国经济发展与世界和谐的关系；

3 评述人民日报专题文章：宁要不完美的改革不要不改革的危机

适应专业：全校人文社科专业

科目代码：2001

考试科目：人文社科基本素质

一、选择题（20 分）共5 道

1.最早提出司法独立的人是（）。

A.伏尔泰

B.卢梭

C. 孟德思鸠

D. 狄德罗

2.两者相益取其重，两者相害取其轻体现的是什么原理（）。

A.绝对优势

B.比较优势

C.均衡对比

D.权重对比

3.看得见的手指（）。

A.微观调控

B.宏观调控

C.财政政策

D.货币政策

4.阳春白雪和下里巴人的对比出自于（）

A. 毛泽东1942 年在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话。

B. 邓小平南巡谈话

C.江泽民关于教育工作的谈话

D. 胡锦涛在清华大学百年校庆大会上的重要讲话

5.世界第一部成文宪法出自哪国（）。

A.美国

B.英国

C.法国

D.德国

二、写作题（80 分，以下三题任选一道作答，1、2 题字数不得少于1500 字，

3 题字数不得少于2000 字）

1.有人说新闻媒体拉近了和人们的距离，有人说拉远了距离，谈谈你的看法，不少于2000字。

2.一段背景材料介绍中等收入陷阱，运用相关理论知识谈谈你对这种现象的认识，字数不限。

3.表哥，房姐使得一批相关人士曝光率较高，运用相关学科知识谈谈你对网络反腐的看法，不少于2000 字。

适应专业：全校人文社科专业

科目代码：2001

考试科目：人文社科基本素质

一、选择题（2分一题，共20分）

1.我国私学最早兴起于（）

A．战国B.春秋C.魏晋D.秦汉

2.自由教育最早是由（）提出的

A．亚里士多德B.苏格拉底C.河马D.柏拉图

3.“最大多数人的最大幸福”是哪个哲学流派的道德准则

A．实用主义B. 功利主义C.幸福主义D.道义论

4.近代国际关系研究中，以下哪一种思潮没有对国际关系的建构产生影响（）A．行为主义B.新现实主义C.新自由主义D.建构主义

5．现代企业的主要的组织形式是（）

A．公司B.公有制C.联营制D.合伙制

6.不对称平衡是指____

7. 经济萧条时期应施行____（）

A.松的货币政策和松的财政政策

B. 紧的货币政策和松的财政政策

C.紧的货币政策和紧的财政政策

D.松的货币政策和紧的财政政策

8-10 暂缺

二、写作题（80 分，以下两题任选一道作答）

1. 关食品安全

2. 新型城镇化的看法和见解

适应专业：全校人文社科专业

科目代码：2001

考试科目：人文社科基本素质

一、选择题（2分一题，共20分）

1.朦胧派代表

2.外部经济效应产生原因

3.马克思哲学上两大贡献

4.人性是先秦以来一直讨论的问题。基于对人性的新认识，宋明理学家主张“存天理，灭人欲”，他们认为人性____（）

A．本质是善

B．本质为恶

C．非善非恶

D．本善习远

5．20世纪三大社会发现；

6.公元前500年前后，在古希腊、以色列、印度和中国几乎同时出现了伟大的思想家苏格拉底、柏拉图、老子、孔子、释迦牟尼等，这个时期被称为____

7-10 暂缺

二．写作题（80 分，以下三题任选一道作答）

1.“养老金并轨”

2.“反腐倡廉”和“收入分配”

3.延迟退休与社会保障

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【真题答案解析】2016厦门大学考研：英语一

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/558592607.html,/ 【真题答案解析】2016厦门大学考研：英语一本内容由聚英厦大考研网为大家收集有关厦门大学考研信息：一、完型填空 1-5:BDCAC 6-10:ACCDB 11-15:DDBAC 16-20:DBACA 二、阅读理解 21-25：ADBCA 26-30：ADCDC 31-35:ACDBA 36-40：DABCD 41-45:BGDEF 三、翻译【参考译文】 46. 我们不必一定去学习如何做到心理健康，这种能力植根于我们自身，就像我们的身体知道如何愈合伤口，如何修复断骨。 47. 心理健康不会去往他方。如同乌云可能蔽日，心理健康可能会暂时隐藏于视线之外，但它完全可以在须臾之间复原如初。 48. 心理健康使我们在他人陷入危难之时给予同情，痛苦不已时给予善意，无论对谁，都能给予无条件的爱。 49. 尽管心理健康是人们度过一生的一剂万能良药，但它又普通不已，因为当你需要做出艰难决定时，都可感受到它的存在。 50. 就像你会渐渐明白，深悉心理健康一直触手可得并且值得信任，使我们能放慢生活脚步，活在当下，幸福生活。四、作文： 51.【参考范文】

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/558592607.html,/ Notice For better serving the international students, a notice is released here to provide the necessary information about the library. The university library opens at 8 a.m. and closes at 10 p.m. from Monday to Friday, but from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. on weekends. If you need to borrow books, please follow the following steps. First, bring your student card and register first at the librarian’s office. At most six books can be borrowed once from the library. You should keep in mind the days that you can keep the book(s) you borrow. Three months is the longest period. If you exceed the limited time, some fines should be paid. If you have any questions or suggestions about borrowing or returning books, telephone 010-******* or send an email to university@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/558592607.html, . We sincerely hope you all enjoy the study and life in our university. University Library December 26, 2015 52.【参考范文】 The above two pictures reveal two father’s different teaching methods. In the first picture, the father is urging his son to study hard while he is smoking and watching TV idly. In the second picture, the father and his son are both concentrating on the study. The caption under the cartoon reads: “It is better to set an example than to make demands”. Apparently, the author of the cartoon focuses on a fact that many parents when educating their children tend to neglect the impact of their own acts upon their children. It is without any doubt that all parents hope that their children could have a bright future. Therefore, they tend to count on schools and the society to provide their kids with a good education. However, what they don’t realize is that parents are the first teachers of children. Parents failing to set a role model for their children will only result in an unhealthy family atmosphere, which is definitely harmful to the future development of their children.

厦门大学英文版介绍

Xiamen University 1.Introduction Xiamen University, located in Xiamen, Fujian province, is the first university in China founded by overseas Chinese. Before 1949, it was originally known as the University of Amoy. The university is one of many comprehensive universities directly administered by the Chinese Ministry of Education. In 1995 it was included in the list of the "211" Project for the state key construction; in -level universities designated for the state key construction of 2000 it became one of China’s higher the 985 Project. 1.1 History In 1919, Mr. Tan kah kee, the well-known overseas Chinese leader, donated millions of dollars to establish and endow Xiamen University, officially founded in 1921. It is regarded as one of the most prestigious and selective universities in China. Mr. Tan handed over Xiamen University to the government in 1937 due to lack of funds, and the institution subsequently became a national university. In 1938, at the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, the university temporary relocated to Changting in Min Xi county, western Fujian. At the end of World War II in 1946, Xiamen University moved back to Xiamen and resumed normal operations. In 1952, Xiamen University became a comprehensive university, and has been designated as a national key university since 1962. Then, in 1952 it became a comprehensive university embracing both arts and science. In 1963, it was designated as a state key university. In 1995, it was included in the list of the "211 Project" for the state key construction; in 2000, it became one of China’s higher-level universities designated for the state key construction of the "985"Project.

厦门大学网络教育2013年英语复习题(小字版)

Some people 1 According passage, bicycles _D、are the solution to problems 2. The idea of special bicycle lanes is most favored by _B、some bike riders . 3. “Bicycle lanes” probably means C.special part road bicycle riders only 4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? D.In some cities many people use bikes as they have special lanes. 5. The best title for this passage is D、A Solution Traffic Problems New York Cancer is among 6. Which of the following statements is true? C.The causes of stress are worthy of serious study. 7. According to the passage, which of the following typesle is more from stress?D. People who have more responsibilities than they can handle. 8. Judging from the context, the word “row”in the third paragraph most probably means A. a noisy quarrel. 9. Which of the following entioned reduce our stress?D. Reading the Bible. 10. “Let not sun upon wrath” probably means A. Don’t let your anger long. Since the late 1960 11. Since the late 1960s more women have been dissatisfied with the marriage in which ___ B. they are in a lower position 12. What is the long-standing division of labor between husband and wife America?A. Husband―provider, wife―domestic duties. 13. Which statement is NOT true about the new type of marriage? C. Wife earns their living while husband does the housework. 14. Women's attitudes toward marriage _D. all of the above 15. Which of the following describes the general idea for this passage? A. The Changing Patterns of Americans' Marriage. II. 1. Since we can't hear you at hall, you'll have to ___ your voice. C. raise 25. She has nothing to murder case. She is not __ C. involved in 4. Shall we request chairman _ suggestion again A. to consider 5. Some say yes others say ; I don't know __ follow. C. whom 11. As so many overseas business come to start and build new businesses, looks much more ____ than C. prosperous 20. An ___ of territory had always been a wish of ruler country. B. expansion 32. "Are you go football game?" "No. ticket ___ expensive me." C. far too 45. After that they drove to the Guest House at _ speed. A. top 27. ___ how little he had studied, he did ver in the exam. D. Considering 2. ___he works hard, I don't mind inishes the experiment. B. As long as 8. __ students often find it difficult to live China B. Overseas 38. ____ Tom is supposed to make an appointment with the dentist, he says he is too busy. C. Whenever 6. I could not persuade accept it, ___ make him e importance D. nor could I 14. I don't have courage to tell him the bad nes face, so in___ way C. indirect 15. I can hardly believe my eyes. This ________ man is actually a scientist who once won the Nobel Prize. D. unremarkable 23. I _ Alice, who was on her way to see was getting along. D. ran into 34. I am not surprised at all that she chose the white skirt. She always has a _______ for white. C. preference 39. If you are always ___ to others' troubles, you won't get any help whenever you are in trouble yourself. A. indifferent 7. Mr Edward was not, so his brother as ___ at the party. C. host 1. Many students found the book _____; it provided them with a large amount of information on the subject. A. informative 13. My bag looks ___ to Mary's, so I often mistake. B. identical 24. My parents are not interesteern music. They are ___ B. behind the times 12. The girl has made up her mind to go abroad with her boyfriend despite her parents' ______. D. objection 17. The chances of seeing small hometown are one _______ a million. C. in 19. The box is heavy, so __ give me a hand? D. would you please 21. The football match had to be ____ owing to th weather. A. cancelled 26. The ____ of the film eally disappointed fans. B. absence 28. The train for London will ___ from Platform 6 in ten minutes. C. depart 40. The price they offere my old car was so low that I ___ it down. B. turned 33. This is an illness that can result in total blindness __ left untreated. B. if 22. There have been many _______ in their marriage but they still love each other. A. ups and downs 18. There is a forecast that the _______ for a good crop harvest will be rather poor this year. A. Prospect 30. He thought could Mr. Robinson __some expensive equipment C. into 44. He has failed me so longer place any __ in what he promises. D. trust 43. He is ___ to speak the truth. A. too fearful 9. His company promised to pay for his health _____ in addition to other benefits. D. insurance 37. Having walked in the hot sun for most of the day without any water, the man felt ____. C. fatigued 31. With price ___, the fruits selling much better C. having been lowered 41. Writing is slow process, requiring __thought,and effort. B. considerable 42. When I try to understand ____ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes. D. what it is 29. You can put on eans. It is just a(n) _____ party. D. informal 35. Only members company are __ to use acilities. B. entitled 36. Unless wore money, we'll be ____ finishing ject. C. prevented from 16. Finding a job in such a big company has always been ____ his D. beyond 3. People who want the typist's job will be judged __________ how accurate and fast they are. B. in terms of III.1) You will find that A.On the other hand B.how B.answer to D.concerning A.determining C.In addition. A.differ from D. take…initiative C.Regardless of D. based on 2）Jungle country D.equipment C.alive https://www.wendangku.net/doc/558592607.html,pass B.tell A.now and again A.way C.deadly D. Surviving A.expect C. live off 3)Many Chinese C. in C.freely A.at a table B.into D. English C.away B.himself A.clearly and fluently A. see C. master 1. 她误解最好朋友, 感到内疚。She was very guilty about not having understood her best friend. 2.弯腰书拣起来The man bent down and picked up the book from the floor. 3.自己学历工作经历He takes it for granted that his educational background and work experience are surely impressive. But actually they are not. 4.生都献给了艺术,为事业做出These artists devoted all their lives to art, and made great contributions to the artistic field. 5.容貌秀美吸引人Her good looks and elegant manners are very attractive. 6. 杰克经验独立完是有困难。For lack of experience, Jack will have difficulty finishing the task alone. 7画荒谬In the eyes of some people, his paintings would seem rather foolish. 8.科学家来说, 凌晨两、三点钟觉是很。It was not unusual for the scientist to go to bed at two or three in the morning. 9.汽车麻烦That car has given me nothing but trouble ever since I bought it

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