人教版英语初三知识点总结单元 (9)
2011-2012学年初中英语九年级（人教新目标）素材（含教案和练习）
Unit9 When was it in
一. 教学内容：
Unit 9 When was it invented?
二. 学习目标：
1. 动脑筋，找规律，弄清主动语态与被动语态之间的差异，通过练习和运用加以巩固。
2. 学会使用含有被动语态的不同句型结构来谈论各种发明物的历史。
3. 通过熟悉我们周围经常使用的发明物的历史来开阔眼界，丰富自己的阅历，使自己养成勤于思考善于总结的好习惯。
三. 教学重点难点：
一般过去时的被动语态及本模块中的一些重点短语
四. 重点词和短语
1. be used for doing＝be used to do sth. 用来做某事
2. hand-held calculators 手提计算器
3. battery-operated slippers 用电池操作的拖鞋
4. in the dark 在黑暗中
5. shoes with adjustable heels 可调整后跟的鞋
shoes with high heels 高跟鞋
6. change the style of shoes 改变鞋子的式样
7. from casual to dressy 从休闲到正式
8. do sth. by mistake 错误的/巧合的做某事
9. in a bad mood 心情糟糕
10. in the end 最后，终于
at the end 在……的结尾，在……尽头
by the end 在……结束时，到……末为止
【即学即用】
At first he was strongly against our plan, but the end he gave in.
A. at
B. in
C. by
D. to
11. by accident 偶然，意外
12. not… until 直到……才
13. according to
【即学即用】
the following pictures, please write a composition.
A. Thanks to
B. Because of
C. According to
D. Instead of
14. an ancient Chinese legend 一个古老的中国传说
ancient culture 古文化
15. fall into 落入
16. some time 一段时间
sometime 某时
sometimes 有时
some times 几次
【即学即用】
My uncle will come next month and he will stay here for .
A. sometime; some time
B. some time; sometime
C. sometimes; some time
D. some time; some times
17. in this way 这样
18. travel around China 游览中国
19. much-loved and active sport 深受人们喜爱而且很活跃的运动
20. a doctor called/named… 一个叫……的医生
21. knock into sb 撞上某人
knock at the door 敲门
22. fall down 跌倒
23. divide sth into 把……分成
24. the aim of sth ……的目标
25. move/run towards 朝……方向移动/跑
26. It’s believed that 人们相信
It’s heard that 人们听说
It’s said that 据说
It’s thought that 人们认为
27. the first basketball game in history历史上第一场篮球赛
28. since then 从那以后
29. the popularity of ……的流行
30. rise worldwide 引起全世界广泛传播
31. the number of ……的数量
a number of 许多
【即学即用】
⑴the students in their school over two thousand.
A. The number of; is
B. The number of; are
C. A number of; is
D. A number of; are
⑵Every year, water sports attract large numbers of tourists to Haikou.（词语替换）
A. a lot
B. much
C. many
D. more
32. dream about /of doing sth 梦想做某事
五. 重点、难点、考点及疑点注释
1. Th ey’re used for seeing in the dark. 它们被用于在黑夜里观看。（Section A, 2b）
be used for表示“被用来做……”，介词for表示目的和用途，后面接名词或动词-ing形式。相当于be used to do sth.。如：
Wood can be used for making paper.木材可以被用来造纸。
知识拓展
含有be used的常用短语：
◎be used as表示“被用作……”，介词as意思是“作为”的意思，其后一般接名词，强调使用的工具及手段。
This book can be used as a textbook.这本书可以当作教科书来用。
This piece of wood is used as a bench.把这块木头用作凳子。
◎be used by表示“被……使用”，by后接动作的执行者。
This kind of machine is used by farmers for getting in crops.
农民们用这种机器来收割庄稼。
【即学即用】
⑴The stones they carried were used houses and bridges.
A. to build
B. for building
C. to be built
D. A and B
⑵The room as a meeting room.
A. used to being used
B. was used to be used
C. was used to being used
D. used to be used
2. I think the most helpful invention is the light bulb. 我认为最有用的发明是灯泡。（Section A, 3b）
helpful是由名词help加上-ful后缀构成的形容词，意为“有帮助的”，类似的形容词还有：
thank—thankful（感谢的，感激的）grate—grateful（感谢的，感激的）
use—useful（有用的）wonder—wonderful（令人惊奇的）
forget—forgetful（健忘的）success—successful（成功的）
beauty—beautiful（美丽的）pain—painful（疼痛的）
3. Potato chips were invented by mistake. 薯条的发明纯属歪打正着。（Section B, 2a）
⑴potato chips是一个复合名词，其中第一个名词用作定语修饰后一个名词，这样的例子有很多，又如: alarm clock, telephone number等。
知识拓展
复合名词变复数的规则：
◎通常只把主体名词变为复数
school boy—school boys（男生）apple tree—apple trees（苹果树）
vegetable sandwich—vegetable sandwiches（蔬菜三明治）
girl friend—girl friends（女朋友）
◎由man, woman和另外一个名词构成的复合名词，两个部分都要用复数。
man teacher—men teachers（男教师）
woman doctor—women doctors（女医生）
⑵by mistake 表示“错误地（因粗心、遗忘等所致）”。
Sorry, I took your bag by mistake. 对不起，我错拿了你的手提包。
【注意】by 和mistake中间可以加相应的形容词性物主代词。
I took your pen by（my）mistake. 我错拿了你的钢笔。
4. George Crum cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. George Crum将它们煮了很长时间，直到它们变脆了。（Section B, 2b）
Although tea wasn’t brought to the Western world until 1610, this beverage was discovered over three
thousand years before that. 尽管茶直到1610年才被带到西方国家，但这种饮料早在传入西方之前的三千年就被发现了。（Section B, 3a）
until意为“直到……”，引导一个时间状语。作介词时，引导一个短语；作连词时，引导一个时间状语从句。
◎until用于肯定句中，主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性、持续性动词，表示“直到……为止”。如：
I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的时候。
I’ll wait for you until you come. 我要等到你来为止。
◎until用于否定句中，表示“直到……才……”，常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用，强调主句所表示的动作从until所表示的时间发生，主句必须是否定句。表示瞬间的动词有come, go, leave, meet, reach, get, arrive, realize, stop等。如：
He didn’t go home until ten o’clock. 他直到10点钟才回家。
（go home的动作是在10点钟才发生的。）
The rain didn’t stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。
I won’t leave until you promise to help me. 你不答应帮助我，我不会离开。
【即学即用】
I won’t believe that little Bob can run 100 metres in 15 seconds I see it with my own eyes.
A. until
B. after
C. when
D. if
◎discover 作动词，意为“发现”，即发现的对象是本来存在的，只是以前不知道而已，也可指发现新奇或意外之物或发现某种情况。“发现者”为discoverer。
相关链接
invent作动词，意为“发明”，发明的对象是以前没有的新东西，如工具、手段或方法。“发明”作名词用invention，“发明者”为inventor。
【即学即用】
用discover和invent填空
⑴Paper was in China.
⑵Columbus America in 1492.
⑶I that she was a good cook.
5. And in this way, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. 就这样，世界上最受欢迎的一种饮料产生了。（Section B, 3a）
本句中的in this way意为“就这样”，“以这种方式”。
The song was composed in this way. 这首歌就这样被创作出来了。
In this way, you will find the answer to this question.
用这种方法，你可以找到这个问题的答案。
知识拓展
way主要有以下几种用法：
◎表示“方法”，接不定式，...way to do sth这一结构等于...way of doing sth。
Scientists are trying to find ways to prevent（of preventing）disease.
科学家们正在寻找预防疾病的方法。
There are many ways of traveling（to travel）, for example, by air.
旅行有许多方式，例如乘飞机。
◎表示“路途”，“路线”，常构成on one’s/the way to...“在……的途中”。在这一结构中，介词to表示
方向，后接名词。如果后面接地点副词如here, there, home时则不用to。
I’m on my way home.我正在回家的路上。
She’s on her way to see the fi lm.她正在去看电影的路上。
◎表示“方向”。
Look this way.看这边。
Go that way.往那边走。
◎表示“距离”，“路程”。
Beijing is a long way from here.北京离这里很远。
6. It is believed that on December 21st, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played.人们认为历史上的第一次篮球比赛是在1891年12月21日。（Reading）
本句中的It is believed that... 为常见句型，相当于people believe that...是“人们相信/认为”的意思，其中it为形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。类似的句型还有It is said that…, It is supposed that…等。如：It is believed that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.
＝People believe that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.人们都认为到2010年，世界人口将达到七十亿。
It is said that they have won the game. 据说他们赢得了那场比赛。
【即学即用】
It’s that he’ll come here.
A. say
B. supposed
C. believe
D. expect
7. …although they didn’t w in they used the experience to help develop the game at home.尽管他们没有赢得比赛，他们却用自己获得的经验来帮助发展了国内的运动。（Reading）
⑴although引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。but也有“尽管，但是”的意思，但不可与although 同时出现在同一句话中，且but用作并列连词。试比较：
Although it rained, the boys still played outside.
＝It rained, but the boys still played outside. 尽管天下雨了，但是那些男孩子们仍在外面玩耍。
⑵at home 在此意为“在本国，在国内”，多用于报刊新闻中。如：
The company is not as popular at home as it is abroad. 那家公司在国内不如在国外受欢迎。
【即学即用】
He sticks to his dream of becoming a famous football player, he can’t get support from his parents.
A. but
B. although
C. and
D. so
六. 语法：
被动语态“模仿秀”
【1号】Thomas Edison invented the light bulb.
→The light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison.
【模仿秀】We will finish the task tomorrow.
→ .
【评委点评】
主动语态变被动语态：将主动语态变为被动语态时，谓语结构为：be + 过去分词，其中be的时态和主动语态的时态一致。
【2号】My father gave me a football on my 13th birthday.
→I was given a football（by my father）on my 13th birthday.
→A football was given to me（by my father）on my 13th birthday.
【模仿秀】Lucy shows us some photos of her family.
→.
→.
【评委点评】
含有双宾语的动词的被动语态：一般把代表人的宾语（间接宾语）变为被动句的主语，而把直接宾语留作被动句的宾语。如果把主动句的直接宾语变为被动句的主语，则间接宾语前需有介词（一般是to或for）。常接to的动词有：give, lend, show, pass等；常接for的动词有：borrow, make, buy等。
【3号】We find physics very hard.
→Physics is found very hard.
【模仿秀】I saw Mr Wang walk into the bank just now.
→.
【评委点评】
带有复合宾语的动词的被动语态：主动句中如果有复合宾语（即宾语和宾语补足语），变为被动语态时，将句子的宾语（即复合宾语中的逻辑主语）变为被动句的主语（宾语补足语也转化成了主语补足语）。在主动语态中，make, let, have, see, watch, hear, feel, notice等使役动词或感官动词后常接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中需加上to。
【4号】The nurse takes good care of my daughter in the hospital.
→My daughter is taken good take of in the hospital（by the nurse）.
【模仿秀】You should pay more attention to your spelling.
→.
【评委点评】
短语动词的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词，也不能将其拆开。
【5号】这种茶叶闻起来很清香。
→This kind of tea smells very nice.
【模仿秀】这款裙子很好卖。
→.
【评委点评】
主动形式表示被动含义：有些动词的主动形式表示被动意义。这类动词有：wash, sell, smell, taste, sound, feel等。
被动语态中考真题大练兵
1. —Would you please tell Miss Li that she as a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games?
—Of course. I will tell her tomorrow. （2007山东淄博）
A. choose
B. chose
C. has chosen
D. is chosen
2. We not to play computer games. （2007内蒙古乌兰察布）
A. are told
B. have told
C. told
D. tell
3. —Could you tell me whom the radio by?
—Sorry. I have no idea. （2007福建福州）
A. invents
B. invented
C. is invented
D. was invented
4. —Your hometown has changed a lot.
—Yes. Take a look at these tall buildings. They last year. （2007重庆课改区）
A. build
B. built
C. was built
D. were built
5. —Did you go to Kang Kang’s birthday?
—No, I . （2007福建宁德）
A. wasn’t invited
B. didn’t invite
C. am not invited
6. An English speech to the children tomorrow. （2007广东茂名）
A. is given
B. has been given
C. will be given
7. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子：
丢失的部件在船拖出水后被找到了。（2007山东济南）
The lost parts after the ship was of the water.
8. She used the knife to cut the fruit a moment ago.（改为被动语态）（2007重庆非课改区）
The knife to cut the fruit by her a moment ago.
9. I sent a letter to you last month.（改为被动语态）（2007甘肃兰州）
A letter to you last month.
10. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空：
The dog （train）to understand different instructions for two years.（2007山东烟台）
答案：1~6 DADDAC
7. were found; pulled out 8. was used 9. was sent 10. has been trained
中考聚焦
考点1. by mistake
—Sorry, Jane. I took your schoolbag by .
—It doesn’t matter. （2006江苏盐城）
A. hand
B. mistake
C. bike
D. heart
【要点简析】by mistake 意为“错误地”，在句中作状语。选B。
考点2. in the end
（词语替换）In the end, he decided to send the sick child to hospital. （2007四川成都）
A. At once
B. At last
C. At first
【要点简析】in the end 意为“最后，终于”，相当于at last / finally。选B。
考点3. pleasant
根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空：
①It is rainy today, but tomorrow we’ll have （please）weather.（2007山东烟台）
②Most peo ple like easy jobs and don’t like to do the （pleasant）work.（2007湖北随州）
【要点简析】pleasant形容词，意为“舒适的；令人愉快的”，一般指天气、时间、旅行等令人感到高兴、愉快和舒服。其反义词是unpleasant。分别填写：①pleasant；②unpleasant。
考点4. It is said that…
—that China has the largest number of mobile phone users.
—I believe so. It seems everyone has one. （2007湖北宜昌）
A. Someone said
B. They told me
C. It is said
D. I was told
【要点简析】所缺主句的时态要用一般现在时，和that从句的时态保持一致。句型It is said…意为“据说……”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是that从句。选C。
【模拟试题】（答题时间：80分钟）
I. 单项选择
1. Sunglasses are used protecting your eyes.
A. from
B. by
C. to
D. for
2. the weather report, it will be snowy tomorrow.
A. Because of
B. Instead of
C. According to
D. Hearing
3. I met a friend of mine in the street yesterday.
A. by accident
B. by the end
C. by mistake
D. by car
﹡4. Did the police catch the thief ?
A. on the end
B. by the end
C. at the end
D. in the end
5. he isn’t tall enough, he is good at basketball.
A. Because
B. After
C. Although
D. Since
6. The beef so delicious that I like to eat some more.
A. tastes
B. smells
C. feels
D. sounds
7. There was an important meeting last night. Mr Smith to it.
A. invites
B. invited
C. was invited
D. is invited
﹡8. In our school library there a number of books on science and the number of them growing larger and larger.
A. is; are
B. are; is
C. has; is
D. have; are
9. If you someone, you should say “I’m sorry”.
A. knock at
B. knock over
C. knock into
D. knock out
﹡10. Many boys and girls are made what they’re not .
A. do; interesting
B. to do; interesting
C. do; interested in
D. to do; interested in
11. that some foreigners will come to visit our village.
A. It is said
B. They are said
C. That is said
D. Who is said
12. I took the wrong train. I didn’t even know it half an hour later.
A. to
B. until
C. by
D. after
13. —, you can work out the problem easily.
—I see. Thank you.
A. On the way
B. In this way
C. By the way
D. In a way
﹡14. I noticed them the teachers’ office just now.
A. went into
B. go into
C. are going into
D. came out
﹡15. Can you tell me ？
A. who the machine invented
B. who the machine invented by
C. who the machine was invented by
D. who was the machine invented by
﹡II. 完形填空
The invention of the camera goes far into the past. In the 1500s, man was experimenting with cameras that made images. But man didn’t find a way to make the picture s continue to exist for all the time 16 the early 1800s. Even then, photography was a new field. Most families had their pictures 17 by photographers. People did not own cameras because taking pictures and developing the films were very difficult. In 1884, George Eastman changed photography by 18 a kind of film that could fit into a small camera. Because the new film was 19 to use, many people began to buy cameras. When they had 20 their films, people returned their cameras to the factory. There, the films were developed, and pictures were 21 . Then more films were put into the cameras, which were sent back to the owners, along 22 their pictures.
Today’s cameras are 23 easier to use, and people can put in their own films. Photography has become a growing hobby. There are also many new jobs in the field of photography. One of the most important kinds of work is in news reporting. Newspapers, magazines, and televisions all need pictures to tell their stories. Photographers help scientists 24 taking pictures through microscopes and telescopes. Deep-sea drivers take pictures of ocean plants and animals, while astronauts take their cameras into 25 . Man finds new uses for the camera every day.
16. A. before B. until C. when D. while
17. A. taken B. put up C. drawn D. taken away
18. A. making B. watching C. doing D. inventing
19. A. difficult B. easy C. quick D. safe
20. A. used for B. in use C. used to D. used up
21. A. taken B. done C. made D. drawn
22. A. to B. into C. with D. including
23. A. more B. very C. too D. much
24. A. to B. by C. with D. in
25. A. cars B. planes C. water D. space
III. 阅读理解
A
One day Mr. Robinson saw a woman in the street with ten children. He was very surprised because all the children were wearing the same clothes—white hats, blue coats and white pants.
“Are all those children yours? ”he asked the woman.
“Yes, they are,”she answered.
“Do you always dress them in the same clothes?”asked Mr. Robinson.
“Yes,”answered the mother,“When we had only four children, we dressed them in the same clothes because we didn’t want to lose an y of them. It was easy to see our children when they were among（在……中间）others because they were all wearing the same clothes. And now, when we have ten, we dress them like this because we do not want to take other children home by mistake（错误）.When there are other children among ours, it is easy to see them because their clothes are different.”
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
26. One day ______.
A. Mr. Robinson met a woman teacher with 10 school children
B. Mr. Robinson met 10 children with their mother
C. the mother met Mr. Robinson with 10 school children
D. the mother met Mr. Robinson with his 10 children
27. －Why was Mr. Robinson surprised when he saw the ten children?
－Because he saw that______.
A. they all had the same look
B. they were all the mother’s children
C. the woman had so many children
D. they were all dressed in the same way
28. When did the mother begin to dress her children in the same clothes?
A. Just after she had the fourth child.
B. Just before the mother had ten children.
C. When she met Mr. Robinson in the street.
D. When she didn’t want to take other children home by mistake.
29. According to the story, we know that_____.
A. all the ten children are boys who are wearing the same clothes
B. all the woman’s children are girls who are in the same cloth es
C. the children’s clothes had the same colour
D. the ten children are both the woman’s and Mr. Robinson’s children
30. When the woman has ten children, she dresses them in the same clothes because______.
A. the mother wants to show it to Mr. Robinson
B. she doesn’t want to take other children by mistake
C. she wants to take them to walk in the street
D. it’s very easy to find them in the street
B
Baseball（棒球）is one of the favorite sports in the USA. Children play baseball in sports field or parks.
At summer picnic, there is often an informal（非正式）baseball game. Boys and girls, young and old take turns to bat（击球）. Each team has nine players.
The baseball season goes from April to September. During this time, baseball matches are shown on TV and members of the important baseball teams become America’s heroes. At the end of the season the two top teams play against each other. Many baseball fans go along to watch the game. Millions of others listen to the radio and watch television. People seem to talk only about the game. Even long after it is over, they will still talk about the result and players.
American baseball is perhaps the most popular sport in the USA. The football season begins when the baseball season ends. More people are interested in football than baseball. When there is an important game, thousands of people sit beside the radio or in front of the television set to hear the result.
31. According to the short passage, which is wrong?
A. Boys and girls all like baseball.
B. Baseball is played in the open air.
C. A baseball match has nine players.
D. Children sometimes play baseball in parks.
32. American people play baseball in _____.
A. April, May, June, July, August and September
B. September, December, November, December, January, February, March
C. January, February, May, April, and June
D. October, November, December, January, February and March
33. What happens at the end of the baseball season?
A. People talk only about football games.
B. Many baseball fans become members of top teams.
C. A lot of people join the games.
D. Two top teams play a wonderful baseball game.
34. _____ follows the baseball season in the USA.
A. The basketball season
B. The football season
C. The volleyball season
D. The tennis ball season
35. This passage mainly tells us something about _____.
A. the football season in the USA
B. football is more interesting than baseball in the USA
C. the difference between baseball and football
D. the baseball season in the USA
﹡C
It’s important to learn how we can protect the environment. Here are 5R rules for us.
Reduce. If you want to reduce waste, you should use things more wisely. A large number of trees are being cut down to make paper. If everyone uses paper carelessly, soon we would not have any trees left. Other things are also being wasted, and people don’t know what to do with the waste in big cities. So it is necessary to reduce the amount of waste we produce.
Reuse. You should always think of reusing things before throwing them out. For example, give the clothes you do not use or the ones which are too small to the poor. In a family, you may pass on such clothes to younger brothers or sisters.
Recycle. Bottles, cans and paper can easily be recycled. By doing so we save lots of time and money. For example, coke cans are sent to a factory, where they are smashed flat and melted. The metal can be used to make new coke cans.
Recover. When you buy a box of apples, there may be a few rotten ones. You have two choices: one is to throw the apples away, the second is to throw the rotten parts and keep the good parts. In this way, you are recovering the eatable parts of food.
Repair. If one of the legs of your table is broken, you should repair it. If you want to buy something newer and better, it is better for you to sell the old item, or give it to people who can use it after repairing it.
Learn the rules to protect our environment. Let’s try our best to make the earth cleaner and more beautiful.
36. The “Reduce” rule mainly asks us ________.
A. to use things more wisely
B. to cut down lots of trees
C. to use a lot of paper
D. to throw away your old clothes
37. What should you think of before you throw things out?
A. Buying new ones.
B. Reducing.
C. Reusing.
D. Eating them.
38. W
A. abcd
B. adcb
C. bdca
D. cabd
39. The “Recover” rule mainly asks us ________.
A. to keep waste things
B. to cover waste things with earth
C. to keep the useful parts
D. to throw everything away
40. What is the first suggestion that you should do with broken items?
A. To throw them away.
B. To repair them.
C. To sell them.
D. To put them in a cupboard.
IV. 根据句意及首字母提示，补全单词。
41. Edison is the greatest i in the world.
42. We know that tea was invented by a .
43. One c means a period of one hundred years.
44. I k at the door, but there was no answer.
45. The girl is shy. She stands with her back t us.
46. The pretty girl gave me a p smile.
47. Mom had added salt to the soup, but it wasn’t s enough.
48. China is a d country now.
49. The n on the door said that the library was closed.
50. Boys, stop t stones at the poor dog.
V.
A: Look at that strange thing, Wei Hua! What’s that?
B: It’s a key. 51
A: Auto-bike? What’s it then? 52
B: It’s a battery-operated machine and it was invented by my father!
A: 53
B: It’s use d for riding or flying.
A: Flying? 54
B: You can just ride it like an auto-bike and it will fly as it goes faster enough.
A: 55 I think your father is so great!
B: I think so. He has invented many things.
VI. 书面表达
根据下面的提示，写一篇关于“汉堡包”这一发明的文章。词数不少于60。
内容提示：
1. 以前西方人吃面包、肉和蔬菜；
2. 一位欧洲人在面包中加入肉和蔬菜；
3. 是一位来自德国汉堡的人把它带到了美国，故被称作“汉堡”；
4. 很受人们的喜爱，尤其是年轻人。
参考词汇：欧洲人European；汉堡hamburg；德国Germany；德国人German
【试题答案】
I. 1~5 DCADC 6~10 ACBCD 11~15 ABBBC
II. 16~20 BADBD 21~25 CCDBD
III. 26~30 BDACB 31~35 CADBD 36~40 ACBCB
IV. 41. inventor 42. accident 43. century 44. knocked
45. towards 46.pleasant 47. salty
48. developing 49. notice 50. throwing
V. 51~55 GEADB
VI. There was no hamburger in the world before. Westerners ate bread, meat and vegetables. One day a European put several pieces of meat and some fresh vegetables between two pieces of bread. He ate it and it tasted delicious. So a kind of food was invented in this way. Later a man from the city of hamburger in Germany brought it to America. And soon it became a kind of popular American food. Now many people, especially young people , like hamburgers very much.
人教版九年级英语各单元知识点总结
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①loudly是副词，与loud同义，有时两者可替换使用，可位于动词之前或之后。 4. not …at all：一点也不，根本不，not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾； 5. be / get excited about sth.：对…感到兴奋； 6. end up doing sth：终止/结束做某事；end up with sth.：以…结束； 7. first of all：首先（这个短语可用在作文中，使得文章有层次）； 8. make mistakes：犯错make a mistake 犯一个错误； 9. laugh at sb.：笑话；取笑（某人）（常见短语） 10. take notes：做笔记/记录； 11. native speaker 说本国语的人； 12. make up：组成、构成； 13. deal with：处理、应付； 14. perhaps = maybe：也许； 15. go by：（时间）过去； 16.each other：彼此； 17.regard… as … ：把…看作为…； 18.change… into…：将…变为…； 19. with the help of sb. = with one's help 在某人的帮助下（注意介词of和with，容易出题） 20. compare … to …：把…比作… compare with 拿…和…作比较； 21. instead：代替，用在句末，副词； instead of sth / doing sth：代替，而不是（这个地方考的较多的就是instead of doing
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初中英语知识点归纳汇总
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初中英语知识点总结重点要看的
初中复习资料 目录英语词组总结for 和1.比较since 的四种用法2.since 延续动词与瞬间动词3. 重点部分提要词汇一. 单词⑴ 2冠词a / an / the: 3.some和any 4.family 5. little的用法 三. 语法 1. 名词所有格 2. 祈使句 1.英语构词法汇 2.英语语法汇总及练习 第1讲：名词 第2讲：代词 第3讲：形容词
第4讲：副词 第5讲：动词 第6讲：不定式 第7讲介词 第8讲：连词 第9讲：时态一 第10讲：时态(二) 第11讲：动词语态 第12讲：句子种类（一） 第13讲：句子的种类(二) 讲：宾语从句14第 第15讲：状语从句There be句型与中考试题第17讲ABC 被动语态复习第18讲 【初中英语词组总结】1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）
4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随……eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西） 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……
人教版中考英语必考知识点总结
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+ do eg :I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）补：a place of interest 名胜 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with 同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候补：at least 至少 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够……eg : She is able to sing She can sing 补：base on 以…（为）根据 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心；小心be close to…离…很近 33 be different from……和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原）将来时 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……
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(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是"一直到......时"，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是"直到......才......", "在......以前不......", 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如： The young man read till the light went out. Lets wait until the rain stops. We wont start until Bob comes. Dont get off until the bus stops. 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Dont leave the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： Ill help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He wont be late unless he is ill. (3)"祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句" 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语
人教版九年级英语课本全部知识点
Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 重点短语 1. good learners 优秀的学习者 2. work with friends 和朋友一起学习 3. study for a test 备考 4.have conversations with 与……交谈 5.speaking skills 口语技巧 6.a little 有点儿 7.at first 起初起先 8.the secret to... .......的秘诀 9.because of 因为 10.as well 也 11.look up 查阅；抬头看 12.so that 以便，为了 13.the meaning of ……的意思 14.make mistakes 犯错误 15.talk to 交谈 16.depend on 依靠依赖 17.in common 共有的 18.pay attention to 注意关注 19. connect …with …把……联系 20.for example 例如21.think about 考虑 22.even if 即使尽管纵容 23.look for 寻找 24.worry about 担心担忧 25.make word cards 制作单词卡片 26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求助 27.read aloud 大声读 28.spoken English 英语口语 29.give a report 作报告 30.word by word 一字一字地 31. so……that 如此……以至于 32.fall in love with 爱上 33.something interesting 有趣的事情 34.take notes 记笔记 35.how often 多久一次 36.a lot of 许多 37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力 38.learning habits 学习习惯 39.be interested in 对……感兴趣 40.get bored 感到无聊 重点句型 1.提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 做…怎么样？
初三英语语法知识点归纳
初中英语语法速记口诀大全 很多同学认为语法枯燥难学，其实只要用心并采用适当的学习方法，我们就可以愉快地学会英语，掌握语法规则。笔者根据有关书目和多年教学经验，搜集、组编了以下语法口诀，希望对即将参加中考的同学们有所帮助。 一、冠词基本用法 【速记口诀】 名词是秃子，常要戴帽子， 可数名词单，须用a或an， 辅音前用a，an在元音前， 若为特指时，则须用定冠， 复数不可数，泛指the不见， 碰到代词时，冠词均不现。 【妙语诠释】冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一，也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有：①名词在一般情况下不单用，常常要和冠词连用；②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an，确指时要用定冠词the；③如复数名词表示泛指，名词前有this，these，my，some等时就不用冠词。 二、名词单数变复数规则 【速记口诀】 单数变复数，规则要记住， 一般加s，特殊有几处： 末尾字母o，大多加s， 两人有两菜，es不离口， 词尾f、fe，s前有v和e； 没有规则词，必须单独记。 【妙语诠释】①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，但如果单词以/t?蘩/、/?蘩/、/s/发音结尾(也就是单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾)，则一般加es；②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro，hero)两菜(tomato，potato) 加es外，其余一般加s；③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s；④英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，ox—oxen，man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth —teeth。 三、名词所有格用法 【速记口诀】 名词所有格，表物是“谁的”， 若为生命词，加“’s”即可行， 词尾有s，仅把逗号择； 并列名词后，各自和共有， 前者分别加，后者最后加； 若为无生命词，of所有格， 前后须倒置，此是硬规则。 【妙语诠释】①有生命的名词所有格一般加s，但如果名词以s结尾，则只加“’”；②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时，分别加“’s”，如果是共有，则只在最后名词加“’s”；③
人教版初三英语各单元知识点总结
初三英语各单元知识点详细总结 Unit 1 一、知识点 1.Check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。 2.By: ①通过…..方式（途径）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes. ②在…..旁边。例：by the window/the door ③乘坐交通工具例：by bus/car ④在……之前，到……为止。例：by October在10月前 ⑤被例：English is spoken by many people. 3.how与what的区别： how通常对方式或程度提问，意思有：怎么样如何，通常用来做状语、表语。 what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问，意思为什么，通常做宾语，主语。 ①How is your summer holiday? It?s OK.(how表示程度做表语) ②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air. ③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects. ①What…think of…? How…like…? ②What…do with…? How…deal with…? ③What…like about…? How…like…? ④What?s the weather like today? How?s the weather today? ⑤What to do? How to do it? e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? I don?t know what I should do with the matter.=I don?t know how I should deal with it. What do you like about China?=How do you like China? I don?t know what to do next step?=I don?t know how to do it next step? ㊣What good / bad weather it is today!（weather为不可数名词，其前不能加 a ） ㊣What a fine / bad day it is today! （day为可数名词，其前要加 a ） 4. aloud, loud与loudly的用法: 三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。 如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 ②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之 后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 5. voice 指人的嗓音也指鸟鸣。 sound 指人可以听到的各种声音。 noise 指噪音、吵闹声 6. find + 宾语+ 宾补（名词形容词介词短语分词等） 例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden. We found him in bed. He found the window closed. We found her honest.
新人教版九年级英语全册知识点归纳
2017新人教版九年级英语全册知识点归纳 Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 短语总结: 1. good learners 优秀的学习者 2. work with friends 和朋友一起学习 3. study for a test 备考 4.have conversations with 与……交谈 5.speaking skills 口语技巧 6.a little 有点儿 7.at first 起初起先 8.the secret to......， .......的秘诀 9.because of 因为 10.as well 也 11.look up (在词典中等)查阅；抬头看 12.so that 以便，为了 13.the meaning of ……的意思 14.make mistakes 犯错误 15.talk to 交谈 16.depend on 依靠依赖 17.in common 共有的 18.pay attention to 注意关注 19.connect ……with ……把……联系 20.for example 例如 21.think about 考虑 22.even if 即使尽管纵容23.look for 寻找 24.worry about 担心担忧 25.make word cards 制作单词卡片 26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求助 27.read aloud 大声读 28.spoken english 英语口语 29.give a report 作报告 30.word by word 一字一字地 31.so……that 如此……以至于 32.fall in love with 爱上 33.something interesting 有趣的事情 34.take notes 记笔记 35.how often 多久一次 36.a lot of 许多 37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力 38.learning habits 学习习惯 39.be interested in 对……感兴趣 40.get bored 感到无聊 41.be good at 在……方面擅长 42.be afraid of 害怕 43.each other 彼此互相 44.instead of 代替而不是 二.用法集萃 1. by doing sth 通过做某事 2.it +be+adj+to do sth 做某事是……的 3.finish doing sth 完成某事 4.what about doing sth？做某事怎么样？ 5.try to do sth 尽力做某事 6.the +比较近，the+比较近越……，就越…… 7.find it+adj+to do sth 发现做某事 8.be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 9.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事10.practice doing sth 练习做某事 11.keep doing sth 一直做某事 12.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 13.begin to do sth 开始做某事 14.want to do sth 想要做某事 15.need to do sth 需要做某事 16.remember to do sth 记得做某事 17.shoot 射（射着，射死等表结果） 18.shoot at（瞄准）射
初三英语知识点总结
初三英语详细总结 Unit 1 一、知识点 1.Check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。 2.By: ①通过…..方式（途径）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes. ②在…..旁边。例：by the window/the door ③乘坐交通工具例：by bus/car ④在……之前，到……为止。例：by October在10月前 ⑤被例：English is spoken by many people. 3.how与what的区别： how通常对方式或程度提问，意思有：怎么样如何，通常用来做状语、表语。what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问，意思为什么，通常做宾语，主语。 ①How is your summer holiday? It’s OK.(how表示程度做表语) ②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air. ③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects.
①What…think of…? How…like…? ②What…do with…? How…deal with…? ③What…like about…? How…like…? ④What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather today? ⑤What to do? How to do it? e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? what I should do with how I should deal with it. What do you like about China?=How do you like China? I don’t know what to do next step?=I don’t know how to do it next step? ㊣What good / bad weather it is today!（weather为不可数名词，其前不能加 a ） ㊣What a fine / bad day it is today! （day为可数名词，其前要加a ） 4. aloud, loud与loudly的用法: 三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。 如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。
人教版｜九年级英语全册各单元必考知识点大全
人教版九年级全册各单元必考知识点大全 【重点短语】 1. have conversation with sb. 2. too …to … 太 ....... 而不能 3. the secret to ................... 的秘诀 4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 5. look up 查阅 6. repeat out loud 大声跟读 7. make mistakes in 在 ......... 方面犯错误 8. connect ......... -with …把 ......... 和 ... 连接/联系起来 9. get bored 感到厌烦 10. be stressed out 焦虑不安的 11. pay atte nti on to 注意；关注 12. depe nd on 取决于；依靠 13. the ability to do sth.. 做某事的能力 【考点详解】 1. by + doing 通过 ....... 方式（by 是介词，后面要跟动名词， 也就是动词的 形式） Unitl 同某人谈话 ing
The students often talk about movie after class. 影。 talk to sb= talk with sb 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ① What/ how about +do ing sth.? 做…怎么样？ （ about 后面要用动词的 ing 形式，这一点考试考的比较多） 女口： What/ How about going shopping? ② Why don't you + do sth.? 你为什么不做…？ 女口： Why don't you go shopping? ③ Why not + do sth. ? 为什么不做…？ 女口： Why not go shopping? ④ Let's + do sth. 让我们做… …吧。 女口： L et's go shoppi ng ⑤ Shall we/I + do sth.? 我们/我……好吗？ 女口： Shall we/I go shopp ing? 4. a lot 许多，常用于句末。 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too …to... 太……而不能 常用的句型：too+形容词/副词+ to do sth. 如：rm too tired to say an ythi ng. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud 与loudly 的用法，三个词都与"大声”或"响亮”有关。 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 学生们常常在课后讨论电
人教版英语九年级语法知识点
1. by + doing 通过……方式如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示："在…旁","靠近","在…期间"、"用,""经过","乘车"等如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o'clock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus. 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 如：The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。talk to sb. === talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you + do sth.? 如：Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let's + do sth. 如：Let's go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多常用于句末如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too…to 太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级 形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 ②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。 如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 7. not …at all 一点也不根本不如： I like milk very much. I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾 8. be / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth. === be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=== I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。 9. ①end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事如： The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ②end up with sth. 以…结束如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先. to begin with 一开始later on 后来、随 11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也(用于肯定句) 常在句末 12. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。