分词作定语教案

非谓语动词中的分词作定语

一、什么是非谓语动词？不是谓语的动词。主、谓、宾、宾补、表、定、状

二、分词如何做定语，与定语从句的比较

1.分词作定语的位置

1）Who is the man standing there?

2）This is the book written by Lu Xun.

3）This is the broken window.

4）This is the sleeping boy.

2.Doing 主动（主谓）名词和分词之间是一种主谓关系

Done被动（动宾）动宾关系

3.分词做定语的作用：相当于定语从句

4.分词作定语表示的时间

doing

1)Who is the man standing there?

2)This is the room facing the south.

3)This is the man giving us the talk yesterday.

Doing只表示与修饰的名词之间是一种主动关系，而它代表的时间是不确定的（可表示一般现在，现在进行和一般过去时）

那么被动呢？先看两个例子

done

1)He is the man loved by all.

2)This is the book written by Lu Xun.

Done 1）忽略时间2）谓语V之前

那done是不是也可以表示与谓V同时和谓V之后呢？

done 过去分词的被动一般式

being done 被动的进行式

to be done 被动的不定式

1)This is the man operated on yesterday.

2)This is the man being operated on now.

3)This is the man to be operated tomorrow.

done 1）忽略时间2）谓V前

being done正在进行谓V同时

to be done 将来谓语V后

1.Do you know the boy __________ (lie) under the big tree?

2.Many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth, ________ (believe) to be flat.

3.If the building project__________ (complete) by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will

be fined.

4.The witness________ by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.

A.questioned

B. being questioned

C. to be questioned

D. having questioned

5.The lecture, ________ at 7:00pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.

A. started

B. being started

C. starting

D. to be started.

6.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ______less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety

seat.

A.being weighed

B.to weigh

C. weighed

D. weighing

1.lying

2.believed

3.to be completed

4. A

5. C

6. D 地球被认为是平的,因此许多人担心哥伦布会从地球的边缘掉下去./警察刚才询问的证人对这次斗殴事件给出的描述大相径庭。/讲座昨晚7点开始，接下来是用望远镜观察月球。/交通规则规定，四岁以下，体重不到40磅的小孩必须坐在儿童的安全座椅上。He weighs 60kilos.

现在分词作定语或状语语法练习题

II 现在分词作定语或状语 1. The ______ boy was last seen ______ near the bank of the lake. A.missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play 2. Mr Smith, ______ of the ______ speech, started to read a novel. A.tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 3. Don’t leave the water _______ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 4. John’s bad habit is ______ without thorough understanding. A. read B. being read C. to be read D. reading 5. Tell Mary that there’s someone ______ for her at the door. A. waiting B. waited C. waits D. to wait 6. The ______ waiter came up to us and said, “You are welcome.” A. smiling B. smiled C. smile D. to smile 7. Do you know the boy______ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 8. I can hardly imagine Peter _______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed 9. There are lots of places of interest _______ in our city. A. needs repairing B. needing repaired C. needed repairing D. needing to be repaired 10. The drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls _______ in all directions before he was sent _______ by his wife. A. flying; to sleep B. flying; sleeping C. to fly; to sleeping D. to fly; to sleep 11. When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _______ but the door _______. A. being on; shut B. burning; shutting C. burning; shut D. on; shutting 12. When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _______ but the door _______. A. being on; shut B. burning; shutting C. burning; shut D. on; shutting 13. The woman found it no good ______ her daughter too much money. A. giving B. being given C. given D. gave 14. As the stone was too heavy to move, I left it ______ on the ground. A. laying B. lay C. lying D. lain 15. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ______, and asked myself what I was going to do. (湖南07) A. moved B. moving C. to move D. being moved 16. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ______ in the natural light during the day. (天津2007) A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let 17. ______that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her. (陕西2007) A. To have said B. Having said C. To say D. Saying 18 Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing. (江苏2006) A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said 19. Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table. (湖北2006) A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing 20. When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.(浙江2006) A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared 21. While watching television, ______. (2005全国卷III) A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings 22. ______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.(北京2004) A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited

分词作定语

语法学习：分词（一）分词作定语 一、现在分词作定语 一）、观察下列短语中的现在分词/短语，总结其用法： a room facing the street, the lady whispering to your mother, a falling leave, a developing country, astonishing progress, a boring book 归纳总结： (一)现在分词/短语在句中充当__________语 (二)单个现在分词通常置于所修饰的名词的____面。短语置于所修饰的名词的___面。 (三)现在分词作定语的内涵：a. b.情绪情感的词表 二、过去分词作定语 （二）观察下列过去分词/短语，总结其用法： polluted water, the affected person, the astonished people, the river polluted by the dirty water from London，people exposed to cholera, a fallen leaf, a developed country，a girl dressed in pink, those seated at the back，a stadium located in the city center 二）过去分词作定语的内涵： a. b. c. 补充：1.系表结构不表动作而表状态的短语有: be seated (坐); be located in, be lost in (埋头，专心); be absorbed in (全神贯注于); be caught in（遇上），be dressed in (穿着); be armed with, be equipped with, be provided with（装备）, be furnished with(配备家具), be faced with（面对）, be crowded with（挤满）, be devoted to（致力于）, be compared with(与…比较)等, 如： 1. the girl ___________(absorb) in reading a novel 2. those _________ (seat) at the back 3. a girl _____________(dress) in pink 4. a stadium __________(locate) in the city center 5. a flat ____________(furnish) with furniture 2.不及物动词和连系动词没有被动式 常考的有：rise, succeed, sink, appear, occur, arise(出现), happen(发生), remain(剩余) , belong to(属于), take place 1. the _________ (remain) money 2. the flowers _________ (smell) sweet 3. the dumplings _________ (taste) good 4. the house _____________(belong) to my uncle 5. the accident _____________(happen) last night Exercises: 一、用现在分词或过去分词填空： 1.______________(convince) evidence 2. a __________(surprise) look 3. a girl ___________(call) Mary 4. a girl ___________(call) herself Mary 5. a country_________(cover) a whole continent 6.a temple____________(cover) 1,000 square meters 7. a mountain___________(cover) with snow 8. the noise___________(follow) the sudden burst of light 9. a teacher ___________ (follow) by some students 10. a man ___________(face) the biggest challenge of his career

分词作后置定语40838

所谓“定语”，就是能起到修饰、限定、解释说明作用的语言，例如，形容词是定语，定语从句也是定语。由于一些分词或分词短语置于被修饰对象的后面，所以称作“后置定语”。 现在分词和过去分词都可以做后置定语。 （1）被修饰的名词与作定语的动词为主动关系，表示该动作正在进行或与主句动作同时发生，或是经常发生的行为时，用现在分词做定语。例如： The girl standing there is my sister. 站在那里的女孩是我姐姐。 The people waiting for the bus are talking with each other. 正在等公车的人们在相互交谈。 注意；分词短语作后置定语时可以改写成定语从句。 The girl who is standing there is my sister. The people who are waiting for the bus are talking with each other. （2）如果名词与作定语的动词为被动关系时，则定语有下列三种形式： a. 如果动作已发生或经常的行为，用done。 例如：The house built there is mine. 建在那儿的房子是我的。转为定语从句：The house which was built there is mine.

b. 如果动作正在进行，用being done。 例如：The house being built there is mine.正在那儿建造的房子是我的。 转为定语从句：The house which is being built there is mine. c. 如果动作未发生，用to be done。 例如：The house to be built there is mine.将要在那儿建起来的房子是我的。 转为定语从句：The house which is to be built there is mine.

不定式、动名词、过去分词 作定语的用法

不定式作定语的用法 不定式及其短语作定语，与其他短语作定语一样，一般都放在被修饰的词之后，通常表示一个将来的动作，有时也可以表示某一过去的特定动作。 一些名词后常用不定式作定语，如：chance(机会），way(方法），time(时间）等；另外，the first,the second,the last,the only等作名词或者它们作形容词用来修饰代词，它们或它们所修饰的代词后，也常用不定式作定语。 不定式作定语时，不定式与被修饰词之间存在的关系复杂，有的是主谓关系；有的是动宾关系；有的是动状关系，还有的不存在主谓、动宾、动状关系。 1、主谓关系的 （1）We must find a person to do the work. (2) There is no one to take care of her. (3) In my family, my mother is always the first one to get up. (4) He is always the first to come and the last to leave. (5) We need someone to go and get a doctor. 2、动宾关系的 如果不定式与被修饰的词在逻辑上存在动宾关系，不定式里的动词必须是及物动词。注意：是及物动词的，后面不要再加宾语，因为前面的被修饰词是它的宾语；是不及物动词的，要加上适当的介词或副词让它变成及物动词，只有这样，它才能带上前面的宾语。 （1） He has a lot of books to read. (2) I would like a magazine to look at. (3) Here is some advice for you to follow. (4) Do you have anything else to say? (5) There is no one to take care of. (6) She has nothing to worry about.

分词作定语解析与练习

分词作定语 一．分词的位置 1. 分词前置 We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日 He is a retired worker.他是位退休的工人 2. 分词后置(i.分词词组；ii. 个别分词如given, left；iii. 修饰不定代词something等) There was a girl sitting there.有个女孩坐在那里 This is the question given.这是所给的问题 There is nothing interesting.没有有趣的东西 二．分词的类别 1.过去分词，即动词的-ed形式 2.现在分词，即动词的-ing形式 两者的区别： 1. 现在分词表示正在进行的动作，而过去分词表示已完成的动作。 eg：falling leaves fallen leaves developing country developed country 2. 现在分词有主动的含义，过去分词有被动的含义。 eg：I heard someone opening the door. I heard the door opened. 3.现在分词表示它所修饰的名词的性质和特征，过去分词表示它所修饰的名词的状态。 eg：an exciting news an excited boy bored students boring lecture 练习： 1) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written 2）What's the language ____ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 3）I could say nothing, and___ tears come out to my eyes. A. surprising B. surprised C. exciting D. excited 4)We were ___ to have seen the ____ leader. A. inspired; inspiring B. inspiring; inspiring C. inspired; inspired D. inspiring; inspired 5)Don’t worry, it’s safe to skating on the ___ lake. A. freezing B. frozen C. freeze D. having frozen 答案：DBDAB

分词作定语讲解

分词作定语 分词作定语时有下面几个特点： 1) 现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词一般表示被动含意。 2) 现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。 He rushed into the burning house ．他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。 The child standing over there is my brother ．站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。 The room facing south is our classroom ．朝南的房间是我们的教室。 Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那个修好的表了吗? 分词作定语时的时间关系 一般来说，不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后；现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作 同时发生；过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如： Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing? 你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗？ Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office? 你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗？ 共同点：单个分词做定语放在所修饰名词前(a swimming pool) ；分词短语（就是不仅仅由一个分词构成的用来修饰名词的短语the book written by Luxun ）做后置定语，即放名词后。 用过去分词还是现在分词做定语的判断关键：名词与该动作的关系 1.现在分词(Ving) 做定语： 从功能上看，现在分词做定语表示1）主动（及物）；2）进行（不及物）。 做定语：相当于一个定语从句(主动) Do you know the boy standing at the door? Do you know the boy who is standing at the door? A developing country needs aids. A country that/which is developing needs aids.

过去分词作定语用法.

过去分词作定语用法 （Past Participles Used as Attributes） 过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。过去分词作定语时，所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语，过去分词相当于谓语。 过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。有时也不表示时间性。作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。例如：He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。 也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。例如：fallen leaves 落叶 retired workers 退休工人 the risen sun 升起的太阳 注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况： 1. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。例如： We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。 My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。 单个分词也可以作后置定语，用以强调动作。例如： They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。 2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。例如： The student dressed in white is my daughter. =The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.)穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。 3. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如： Is there anything unsolved? 还有没解决的问题吗？ There is noting changed here since I left this town.自从我离开这个城镇以来，几乎没有什么变化。 4. 单个过去分词前加一名词或副词，常用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合形容词，放在其修饰的名词前，作前置定语。分词前加的名词表示分词的动作或行为主体，所加的副词表示方式、时间、程度、性质等意义。例如： This is a state-owned factory. 这是一家国营工厂。 This is our school-run factory. 这是我们的校办工厂。 5. 作前置定语的某些动词的过去分词的形式与作谓语或表语的过去分词的形式往往不一样。例如： 原形用作定语的过去分词用作表语或谓语的过去分词 drink drunken drunk

过去分词作定语

过去分词作定语，状语以及表语用法 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当状语、定语等成分。过去分词与现在分词作状语 过去分词表完成、被动, 与主句主语之间是被动关系; 现在分词表进行, 主动, 与主句主语之间是主动关系。 如果一个被动的动作发生在谓语动词之前, 则可使用现在分词的完成被动式或过去分词。 过去分词表完成、被动, 作状语时, 其逻辑主语是主句的主语, 且与主语之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作状语可表时间, 原因, 让步, 结果, 方式, 条件等。 观察下列的句子: Once published, his works (=Once his works was published, ) became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line. PP作时间状语, 相当于一个时间状语从句有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。过去分词作时间状语 相当于时间状语从句，有时为了突出时间，可在分词前加when或while。 1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. When heated, ice will be changed into water. 2. When it is seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed. Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape. 过去分词作原因状语 相当于表示原因的状语从句。 1. Since/ As she was given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. 2. Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. 过去分词作条件或者假设状语 前面可带if，unless等从属连词，相当于条件状语从句。 1.If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better. Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better. 2. If I am compared with you, we still have a long way to go. Compared with you, we still have a long way to go. 作方式或伴随情况状语 没有相当的状语从句可以代替。 1.The hunter left his house, followed by his dog. The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog. 2. She sat by the window, lost in thought. She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought. lost 表示一种迷失心理状态 Summary 1) 过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等。 2) 过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。 过去分词作状语:过去分词有两大特点： 1. 表示被动的动作； 2. 表示已经完成的动作, 因此, 当过去分词作状语的时候一定要搞清楚分词与主语的逻辑关系－－

语法：过去分词作定语

过去分词作定语 1. 单个过去分词作定语, 通常前置 a. 及物动词的过去分词，具有被动和完成的意义。 a broken cup a wounded soldier an unexpected guest the excited crowd b. 不及物动词的过去分词，具有主动和完成意义。 a retired officer C. 合成的过去分词 a much-needed reform state-owned enterprises 2. 过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。 a letter written in pencil = a letter which was written in pencil the machines produced last year 过去分词与现在分词的区别： 1 语态不同：现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分词表示被动注：不及物动词的过去分词只有“完成”含义，而不表示被动The falling leaves the fallen leaves 2 时间关系不同：现在分词作定语，多表示“动作正在 进行”或“与谓语同时进行”或“经常性”。 过去分词作定语，则多表示分词动作“先于位于动词表 示的动作” 或“ 没有一定的时间性” 1.Do you know the boy ____(lie) under the big tree? 2. “Can’t you read?” Mary said angrily ____(point) to the notice. 3 The woman _____(sell) vegetables has gone. 4.The wheat is watered by water _____(bring) from a pond. 5. He is a leader________ (respect) by the people. 3 及物动词的过去分词(done)与现在分词的被动式 (being done)都可以表示“被动”，但前者多表示一个 完成了的动作，而后者则表示一个正在进行的动作. the problem discussed yesterday The problem being discussed 1. We lived in the house __built by my uncles ________________ (我舅舅们修建的). 2. Any medicine ___taken_____(服用) without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble. 3. We spent two hours discussing the plan __made by her __ ______________ (她制定的).

分词作后置定语40838

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