精读课后答案

Keys to Lesson 1

V. Explain the following in your own words, bring out any implied meanings:

1. It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans, the same as any other people.

2. If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists, if you really respect yourself, thinking that you are a Man, equal to anyone else, you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination.

3. The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro himself/herself. Only when he/she is fully convinced that he/she is a Man/Woman and is not inferior to anyone else, can he/she throw off the manacles of self-abnegation and become free.

4. Power in the best form of function is the carrying out of the demands of justice with love and justice in the best form of function is the overcoming of everything standing in the way of love with power.

5. At that time, the way to evaluate how capable and resourceful a person was was to see how much money he had made (or how wealthy he was).

6. A person was poor because he was lazy and not hard-working and lacked a sense of right and wrong.

7. This kind of work cannot be done by slaves who work because the work has to be done, because they are forced to work by slave-drivers or because they need to work in order to be fed and clothed.

8. …when the unfair practice of judging human value by the amount of money a person has is done away with.

9. Those who harbor hate in their hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God. Only those who have love can enjoy the ultimate happiness in Heaven.

10. Let us be dissatisfied until America no longer only talk about racial equality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practice as racial discrimination.

VI. T ranslate the following into Chinese:

1.一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。

2.为了挫败各种蓄意的低人一等的心态，黑人必须直起腰来宣布自己高贵的人格。

3.黑人必须以一种竭尽全力自尊自重的精神，大胆抛弃自我克制的枷锁。

4.必须懂得没有爱的权利是毫无节制、易被滥用的，而没有权利的爱则是多愁善感、脆弱

无力的。

5.正是这种邪恶的权利和没有权利的道义的冲突构成了我们时代的主要危机。

6.在本世纪之初，这种建议会受到嘲笑和谴责，认为它对主动性和责任感起负面作用。

7.事实上，人们从事改善人类处境的工作，从事传播知识、增进实力、丰富文学财富以及

升华思想的工作并不是为了谋生。

8.……它能够花费几十亿美元帮助上帝的孩子自立于这个世界。

9.除非主张暴力的少数人得到大多数人的同情与支持, 不和他们对抗, 否则, 暴力革命很

少或者说几乎没有成功的。

10.我们要懂得道义的苍穹长又长,但它终将落向正义。

Keys to Lesson 2

V. Explain the following in your own words, bring out any implied meanings.

1.I imagine myself as different types of prodigy trying to find out which one suits me best.

2.She had new thoughts which were filled with a strong spirit of disobedient, and rebellion. She

decided not to cooperate with her mother’s plan.

3.The girl was Shirley Temple-like, slightly rude but in an amusing way.

4.When I said those words, I felt that some nasty thoughts had got out of my chest, and so I felt

scared. But at the same time I felt good and relieved, because those nasty things had been suppressed in my heart for a long time and now they had got out at last.

5.I could feel that her anger had reached the point where herself-control collapsed, and I wanted

to see what my mother would do when she lost complete control of herself.

6.When the lid to piano was closed, it shut out the dust and also put an end to my misery and

her dreams.

VI. T ranslate the following into Chinese:

A. Phrases:

1.几乎不用首付现款。

2.过高的希望和达不到的期盼。

3.短路

4.我家起居室的唯一的摆设。

5.不自然的微笑。

6.力气大的吓人。

7.自行其事

B. Sentences:

1．我的头发没做出我要的大卷花，而是给我弄成一头乱蓬蓬的黑色小卷毛。

2．在她告诉我答案前，她对了对手中的杂志，看看赫而辛基是否能这样发音。

3．她似乎被着音乐吸引住了。这钢琴曲不长，但有点狂乱，有着迷人的特点，乐曲一开始是快节奏的，接着是欢快跳动的节拍，然后又回到嬉戏的部分。

4．如果她的才气和脾气一样大，她早就出名了。

5．我最喜欢练习的部分是花哨的谢幕行礼动作：先出右脚，脚尖点在地毯的玫瑰图案上，身子侧摆，左脚弯曲，抬头，微笑。

6．一股凉气从头顶开始，然后一点点传到全身。但我却不能停止演奏，双手好像着了魔似的。我不停地想，我的手指会调整好的，就像火车会被扳到正确的轨道上。

7．她的脸部失去了表情，嘴巴紧闭，双臂无力地垂下。她退出房间，神色惊异，好像一小片枯黄的树叶被风吹走了，那样的单薄、脆弱、毫无生气。

8．我第一次，或好像感觉是第一次，注意到右边的乐曲。它的名称是‘心满意足’。我也试着弹这首曲子。它的曲调比较轻松，但节奏同样流畅，不是很难，‘乞求的孩子’叫短、较慢，而‘心满意足’更长、更快一些。在我弹了几遍后，我意识到，原来这两个曲子是同一首歌的两个组成部分。

Keys to Lesson 3

V. Explain the following in your own words, bring out any implied meanings:

? 1. Y et globalization is not something that you can accept or reject, it is already a matter of

life which you will encounter and have to respond to every day.

? 2. Political groups with broad support have come into being to take advantage of existing

worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign “cultural assault”.

? 3. …in China, the two trends of closed-door and open-door policies have long been

struggling for dominance.

? 4. The Chinese people should continue to live a backward life while we live comfortably

with all modern conveniences.

? 5. …westernization is a concept full of self-contradiction and held by people of very

different backgrounds or views.

? 6. In trying to find out what will be the future trend, you do not need to be fashionable

yourself. All you need is awareness, that is to say, you need to be on the alert, to be observant.

?7. He was moving around, playing a game through the Internet with people living in

different time zone, thus their activity on the computer broke down time zone limit.

?8. The Gucci store did not expect that in the first two weeks of its opening in Shanghai

business could be so good.

?9. From the very beginning I know I need some theory as guideline to help me in my

study of global cultures as globalization, to guide me through such a variety of cultural phenomena.

?10. The way of showing repentance might be peculiar to the Jews, but the strong desire of

gaining forgiveness from God is common, shared by all.

VI. T ranslate the following into Chinese:

? 1.今天我们正经历着一种世界范围文化剧变的阵痛，一种习俗与追求的结构性变

化，用社会科学家奇特的词汇来称呼这种变化，就叫“全球化”。

? 2.不管他们的背景和纲领如何，这些对全球化持反对态度的人深信西方的影响-----

往往等同于美国的影响-----会把所有文化上的差异一一压平，就像一位观察家所说，最终产生一个麦当劳世界，一个充斥美国货和体现美国价值观的世界。

? 3.不过我也发现文化就如同构成文化的民族一样，善于随机应变，富有弹性而且不

可预测。

? 4.现今原创极为困难。因此，最容易的办法就是把现存的东西结合在一起，拿出一

个新玩意儿来。

? 5.26万中国妇女每个月都在读《时尚》杂志，那些开领低胸的画面及其他内容。

? 6.灯光熄灭，有一阵子，黑暗中唯一的声音就是一部价格昂贵的照相机自动倒卷时

发出的声音。

?7.他们从当地文化吸收了不少东西，但仍然保持了自己的本色。

?8.相互联系是人类自有的欲望，是共同的命运。

?9.这种连接靠的是强有力的心灵的纽带。

Keys to 5-4

课文练习答案：

I. Vocabulary

A. Look up the following words and phrases. Select the meaning that best suits the sentence in which each appears.

1. the theater, drama, or acting as a profession

2. in a good repute; having a good reputation; well-thought-of; respectable

3. ghostly image or figure; ghost

4. a messenger of God; a person regarded as being as beautiful, good, innocent, etc. as an angel, esp. said of women or children

5. a current of air in a room

6. 1 ) ability, skill or application of a skill;

2) (pl) sly, cunning tricks fine skill or aptitude in creating or expressing what is beautiful, esp. in visual form

7. praise; approval for an act; ability or a quality

8. (pl) the money or profit derived from a sale, business venture, etc.

9. (fml) to cause a particular physical condition

10. to look closely and inquisitively

11. a state in which you behave as if you were asleep but are still able to hear and understand what is said to you, similar to the unconscious state

12. in name only

IV. Questions on Appreciation

1.The language that Virginia Woolf uses in the essay is highly figurat ive and colloquial. She uses a lot of metaphors in the essay to present the obstacles facing professional women.

2. To discuss professions for women in general, Virginia Woolf talks about her own professional experiences. She begins by telling her story how she became a book reviewer by overcoming big obstacles. The purpose of telling her own story is to make the description authentic and vivid. From Para 3 the author alerts her audience that a woman has to overcome great difficulties in order to have her own profession by using a vivid metaphor "killing the Angel in the House".

3. In recounting her first professional experience the author uses a metaphor the Angel in the House. She compares the phantom she has to fight against to the Angel in the House. She uses the vivid metaphor "killing the Angel in the House" to describe her resolution to avoid the traditional woman's role as a sympathizer to men. The original meaning of the word "angel" is a messenger of God and a supernatural being to whom are attributed greater than human power, intelligence, etc. The conventionalized image of an angel is one of a white-robed figure in human form with wings and a halo. When used figuratively, the word means a person regarded as being as beautiful, good. innocent, etc. as an angel, especially said of women and children. Since an angel is supernatural and often female, it is appropriate for the author to call the phantom an angel.

4. The author makes the transition between the discussion of her first professional experience and her second one by introducing and answering the question "What is a woman?" in Para 4.

5. "The image of a fisherman lying sunk in dreams on the verge of a deep lake" is the metaphor the author uses to describe her second experience as a novelist.

6. In Para 7, the author concludes her speech by raising some important questions concerning the new role of women and the new relationship between men and women. The metaphor used in this paragraph is "a room of one's own". A room is a space, not only for living, but also for creative activity. Here a room is compared to freedom, while the house is compared to the whole

society. The implied meaning of the sentence is that through fighting against the Angel in the House, through great labor and effort, some women have gained a position or certain freedom in society which has been up to now dominated by men.

7. The author concludes her speech by raising some questions which are phrased figuratively. By these questions, the author alerts her audience that women are now faced with a set Of new questions as "What is the new role of a women?" What should be the relationship between men and women'?" She simply raises these questions in her concluding remarks of this piece, without attempting to answer them.

8. The whole speech is well organized, clearly presented and vividly illustrated. To discuss professions for women in general, the author talks about her own professional experiences. Sire begins by telling her story how she became a book reviewer by overcoming big obstacles. She outlines the ways in which gender-consciousness affected, or threatened to affect, her writing career. She uses a vivid metaphor "killing the Angel in the House" to describe her resolution to avoid the traditional woman's role as a sympathizer to men. As a novelist, she faces a second challenge. Wishing to remain "as unconscious as possible so that nothing may disturb or disquiet.., the imagination", she was thrown into "a state of the most acute and difficult distress" by the conflict between her own approach to art and the conventional approach which male critics expected her to take. "To illustrate this point, she employs "the image of a fisherman lying sunk dreams on the verge of a deep lake". After killing the Angel in the House, the author points out that the obstacles against a woman "are still immensely powerful and yet they are very difficult to define". In conclusion, she states: "Y ou have won rooms of your own in the house hitherto exclusively owned by men... But this freedom is only a beginning; the room is your own, but it is still bare. It has to be furnished; it has to be decorated; it has to be shared. " In the speech, the author gives a clear and convincing presentation of the obstacles facing professional women.

V. Explain the following in your own words, bring out any implied meanings.

1. If you want to be a musician or a painter, you must own a piano or hire models, and you have to visit or even live in cultural centers like Paris, V ienna and Berlin. And also you have to be taught by masters and mistresses. However, if you want to be a writer, you don't need all this.

2. Those conventional attitudes would have taken away the most important part of my writing, the essence of my writing.

3. Thus, whenever I felt the influence of the V ictorian attitudes on my writing, I fought back with all my power.

4. It was a sensible thing for men to give themselves great freedom to talk about the body and their passions. But if women want to have the same freedom, men condemn such freedom in women. And I do not believe that they realize how severely they condemn such freedom in women, nor do I believe that they can control their extremely severe condemnation of such freedom in women. 5．It will take a long time for women to rid themselves of false values and attitudes and to overcome the obstacle to telling the truth about their body and passions.

6. Even when the path is open to women in name only, when outwardly there is nothing to prevent

a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant, inwardly there are still false ideas and obstacles impeding a woman's progress.

7. (Through fighting against the Angel in the House, through great labor and effort, ) you have gained a position or certain freedom in a society Which has been up to now dominated by men.

VI. T ranslate the following into Chinese.

A．Phrases

1．指导我向前走2．家庭财力/经济3．扼住她的喉咙

4．在无意识的最深层5．不用修辞手段、直截了当地说

6．男性极端的因循守旧7．以什么为条件/在什么样的条件下

B．Sentences

1．就是她，在我写评论时，总是在我和我的写作之间制造麻烦。

2．下面我要说说多少是我自己决定做的一件事情，当然做此事的功劳主要还应归功于我那了不起的祖先，是他们给我留下了一笔财产——比如说每年500英镑吧——这样我就不必完全靠女人的魅力去谋生了。

3．我相信，只有妇女在人类知识所涉及的全部文艺艺术和专业领域中用创造形式表达自己的情感后，她们才知道什么是妇女。

4．他希望在他写作时，每天见的人、读的书、做的事都是相同的，这样任何事物都不会打破他生活的幻想，也不会扰乱他的四处探求以及对那令人难以捉摸的东西即想像力的突然发现。

5．尽管如此，我请你们想像我在迷睡的状态中写小说。

6．她意识到男人们会如何议论一个敢讲有关激情真话的女人，这使她从艺术家的无意识状态了。

7．从内心精神方面看，情况颇为不同。妇女还要与许多鬼怪展开斗争，还有许多偏见需要克服。

8．讨论和界定这些障碍是十分重要的，因为只有如此我们才能共同努力克服困难。

9．那些目的是什么，对这个问题我们不能想当然，而要不断地提出疑问和进行审视。Ⅷ．Make corrections in the following sentences where wrong prepositions are used．

1．in her way 2．in a draught 3．to that achievement

4. befalling US 5．by the throat 6．of shackles of feudalism

7．at the dog 8．on the verge of tears 9．upon equal terms

10．to paper

Keys to Exercises of 5-5

I . V ocabulary

A, Look up the following words and phrases, Select the meaning that best suits the sentence in which each appears,

1. (colloq) a long time

2. to offer as an opinion; to suggest; to propose

3. the action of fleeing or running away from (Here it means the narrator suddenly stopped. )

4. conforming to the current fashions, or active in the main current of affairs

5. (American colloquialism) designating a girl whose sexual attractiveness makes her

a subject for the kind of pictures often pinned up on walls

6. the word applies to posture, specifically stresses the physical aspects of a person's bearing, e.g. an erect carriage

7. (American slang)good, fine, excellent, etc., a general term of approval

8. to lessen the force of; to weaken, as by euphemism

9. (American colloquialism or slang') a pleasure

10. (formal and humorous)to put, lay or set down

11. a concise statement of the main points of a law case, usu. field by counsel for the information of the court

12. (American slang) an exclamation of disgust, scorn, disappointment, refusal, etc.

13. stopping; relaxing

14. (American slang) rich, prosperous

IV. Questions on Appreciation

1. When "fallacy" is taken in its ordinary sense the title means: "There is a deceptive or delusive quality about love." When taken as a specific term in logic the title means: "Love cannot be deduced from a set of given premises." The implication of the author is therefore that "love" is an error, a deception and an emotion that does not follow the principle of logic.

2. The theme of the story is that "love is a fallacy"--"It is inconsistent with logic. " The theme is started in Para 145--"you know that the things you learn in school don't have anything to do with life. "

3. The story goes forward at a fast pace with racy dialogues full of American colloquialism and slang. It reaches its climax in Paras 147---150 when Polly refuses to go steady with the narrator because she had already promised to go steady with Petey Burch.

4. The raccoon coat was given by the narrator to Petey Burch for the privilege of dating his girl The raccoon coat which the narrator disliked and abhorred, was the instrument of his undoing. Polly Espy promised to go steady with Petey Burch because he owned a raccoon coat, a coat that all fashionable people on campus were wearing.

5. The purpose of this narration is to tell the readers that love does not follow the principle of logic. The whole story is good evidence.

6. Para 4 brings out the pomposity of the narrator. "Cool was I and logical. Keen, calculating,

perspicacious, acute and astute --I was all of these. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist's scales, as penetrating as a scalpel. " "It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. " The hyperbole employed here makes the satire of the narrator humorous.

7. The writer deliberately makes Polly Espy use a lot of exclamatory words like "Gee, ()o, Wow dow" and clipped vulgar forms like "delish, marvy, sensaysh", etc. to create the impression of a simple and rather stupid girl. This contrasts strongly with the language of the narrator, thus increasing the force of satire and irony.

8. The result of the story is that the self-conceited man is finally refused by the

girl whom he has despised. That is, the so-called clever man is refused by the so-called stupid girl, because love, a matter of emotion, does not follow the principle of logic. Therefore the story is made humorous.

9. The topic sentence is "He was a torn man". The idea expressed in the topic sentence is developed by illustrative examples of the behavior of the torn man.

10. The language in this paragraph is more formal. The narrator felt depressed after the first date with Polly. To bring this feeling out, and to create a humorous effect, the writer uses formal phrases such as "with a heavy heart", "gravely underestimated the size of the task", "lack of information", "a project of no small dimensions", etc.

11. This is a final desperate attempt to make Polly forget the fallacies he taught her. He might yet be able toconvince Polly that he loves her and that she should go steady with him. Y ou know that the (foolish and worthless) things you learn in school have no real use in life.

12. These two allusions are well chosen. He planned to be Pygmalion, to fashion an ideal wife for himself; but he became Frankenstein for Polly (his student) ultimately rejected him (her teacher). For Pygmalion and Frankenstein see Notes 8 and 9 in the textbook.

13. The story ends with Polly's answer "lie's got a raccoon coat" which makes the irony complete.

14. "She quivered with delight." (short sentence)

"Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox." (elliptical sentence)

"And -- think of it ---I was only eighteen." (dash)

V. Explain the following in your own words, bringing out any implied meanings:

1. I believe following passing crazes shows a complete lack of sound judgment.

2. One afternoon, when I went back to my dorm, Petey was lying on his bed. He wore such a depressed look that I came to the conclusion at once that he was suffering from appendicitis.

3. My brain, which is as precise as a chemist's scales, began to work at high speed.

4. She was beautiful and attractive enough to arouse the desires and passions of men, but 1 would not let feelings or emotions get the upper hand of reason or good sense.

5. She was not yet fully developed like pin-up girls but 1 felt st, re that, given time, she would fill up and become just as glamorous.

6. In fact, she went in the opposite direction. This is a sarcastic way of saying that she was rather

stupid.

7. If you're no longer involved with her (if you stop dating her) others would be free to compete for her friendship.

8. His head turned hack and forth (looking at the coat then looking awa y from the coat). Every time he looked, his desire for the coat grew stronger and his resolution not to give away Polly became weaker.

9. To teach her to think appeared to be a very big task, and at first I even thought of giving her back to Petey.

10. There is a limit to what any human being can bear.

VI. Translate the following into Chinese:

A.phrases:

1. 愚蠢至极

2. 吃惊地低语

3. 神情不安

4. 坚定地咬紧牙关

5. 限制这种前提

6. 对逻辑一点儿都不开窍

7. 紧锁眉头凝神思索

8. 一道智慧的光芒9. 使波利变成一个逻辑学家10. 极大的意志力

B.Sentences:

1. 查尔斯．兰姆是一个世所罕见的性情欢快、富有进取心的人，他那笔下的散文《古瓷器》和《梦中的孩子》无拘无束、自由奔放，实在令人难忘。

2. 那么就读读下面这篇文章吧，它将向我们展示逻辑并不是一门枯燥乏味、迂腐不堪的学科，恰恰相反，逻辑是一个活生生的事物，充满美丽、激情和心灵的创伤。

3. 我的大脑像发电机一样发达，像化学家的天平一样精确，像手术刀一样锋利。

4. 她婷婷玉立，落落大方，泰然自若，一眼就看得出她很有教养。

5. 我猛地打开皮箱，那件肥大、毛茸茸、散发着怪味的东西露了出来，…

6. ……像她这么好商量的人是不多见的。

7. 可是，如果我不坚持下去，我就太没有用了。

8. 我皱了皱眉头，但还是接着讲下去。

9. 说不定她头脑里的死火山口中的什么地方，还有些火星会喷射出来呢。

10. 我交叉着双手站在那里，心想这下子可打动了她。

VII. Analyze the logical fallacy in each of the following statements:

1.Hasty Generalization

2.Post Hoc

3.Hypothesis Contrary to Fact

4.Dicto Simplicitor

5.Ad Misericordiam

6.Post Hoc

7.Dicto Simplicitor

8.Hasty Generalization

9.False Analogy

10.Contradictory Premises

11.Poisoning the Well

大学英语精读第一册答案

大学英语精读第一册答案 大学英语精读第三版第一册答案 Unit1 1) e 2) g 3) j 4) a 5) b 6) i 7) c 8) d 9) h 10) f 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed to memory

11) Nevertheless 12) rely on 13) Apart from 14) command 1) over and over again 2) ata time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for

5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition t 8) in detail 1) action 2) employ 3) announce 4) examination 5) communication 6) express 7) compose 8) improvement 9) concentration 10) management 11) consider 12) motivate 13) development 14) movement 15) discuss 16) operate 17) division 18) production 19) educate 20) repeat 1) additional 2) add

大学英语精读5_课后答案

U1 Vocabulary work 一 1.given 2.at a glance 3.fluency 4.Given 5.hopefully 6.For its part 7.define 8.looked him up 9.no good 10.quoted, context 11.guidance 12.immediate 13.disgust

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