新视野读写教程2(第三版) 选词填空及翻译问题详解

Unit 1 Text A

Ex.1 Understanding the text

1、Because he is tired of listening to his father and he is not interested in grammar rules.

2、The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture are so marvelous and remarkable that they should be described at least in a brief account; however, what the student could do was only one single utterance :“whoa!”without any any specific comment.

3、Because the schools fail to set high standards of language proficiency. They only teach a little grammar and less advanced vocabulary. And the younger teachers themselves have little knowledge of the vital structures of language.

4、Because teaching grammar is not an easy job and most of the students will easily get bored if it’s not properly dealt with.

5、He familiarized his son with different parts of speech in a sentence and discussed their specific grammatical functions including how to use adverbs to describe verbs.

6、Because the son had never heard about the various names and functions of words in an English sentence before.

7、The author uses “road map”and “car”to describe grammar and vocabulary. Here,“road map”is considered as grammar and “car”as vocabulary.

8、Since the subjunctive mood his son used is a fairly advanced grammar structure,

the interjection“whoa!”reflects the tremendous pride the father had toward his son; it also reflects the author’s humor in using the word because it was once used by his student, though in two different situations and with two different feelings.

Ex.3 Words in use

1.condense

2.exceed

3.deficit

4.exposure

5.asset

6.adequate

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5b13152275.html,petent

8.adjusting

9.precisely 10.beneficial

Ex.4 Word building

-al/-ial: managerial/editorial/substance/survival/tradition/margin

-cy : consistency/accuracy/efficient

-y : recovery/ministry/assembly

Ex.5 Word building

1.editorial

2.recovery

3.accuracy

4.substance

5.managerial

6.margin

7.assembly

8.Ministry

9.survival 10.tradition 11.consistency 12.efficient

Ex.6 Banked cloze

1-5: L C J A I 6-10: O N E H F

Ex.7 Expressions in use

1.feel obliged to

2.be serious about

3.run into

4.distinguish between

5.thrust

upon 6.was allergic to 7.get lost 8.be attracted to 9.make sense 10.looked upon as

Ex.8 Structured writing

Some bookworms in my dormitory often spend hours reading their “Bible”, Practical English Grammar, and do a lot of exercises in that book , but I don’t care about it at all. My assumption is since I have never learned Chinese grammar, what’s the sense of learning English grammar? In fact, English grammar has always been a big headache to me.

English grammar is very complicated because, unlike Chinese, there are many verb tenses. Even stranger than verb tenses, English grammar also contains something very confusing. For example, I don’t remember how many times my middle school teacher tried to“impose”the differences between used to and be used to on us. Sometimes he would go on with the explanation for 20 minutes or so. He even summarized the differences by listing three or four points for us to memorize. However, they could never stay in my head . I don’t remember how many times I got it wrong with the sentences containing used to or be used to on my exams . I was really confused with these two phrases,and I can never get them right.

In brief, I’m allergic to learning English grammar. Curiously, I just wonder if the native speakers of English have a microcomputer in their brain to help them utter the two phrases promptly with just a click of their brain mouse!

Ex.9 E-C Translation

人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言，经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国家使用。与其他语言一样，英语也发生了很大的变化。英语的历史可以分为三个主要阶段：古英语，中古英语和现代英语。英语起源于公元5世纪，当时三个日耳曼部落入侵英国，他们对英语语言的形成起了很大的作用。在中世纪和现代社会初期，英语的影响遍及不列颠群岛。从17世纪初，它的影响力开始在世界各地显现。欧洲几百年的探险和殖民过程导致了英语的重大变化。今天，由于美国电影、电视、音乐、贸易和技术、包括互联网的大受欢迎，美国英语的影响力尤其显著。

Ex.10 C-E Translation

Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the world. The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters. In this long evolutionary process, Chinese characters have not only played an important role in exchanging ideas and transmitting culture but also developed into a unique art form. Calligraphic works well reflect calligraphers’personal feelings, knowledge, self-cultivation, personality, and so forth, thus there is an expression that “seeing the

calligrapher’s handwriting is like seeing the person”. As one of the treasures of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy shines splendidly in the world’s treasure house of culture and art.

Unit 1

Text B

2. Understanding the text

D. 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. D

4. Words in use

mysterious 2. desperate 3. devise 4. negotiate 5. recalled

6. specifically

7. depict

8. Ignorance

9. Expand 10 confusion

5. Expressions in use

apply to 2. in a bid to 3. end up 4. speaking of

5. get hold of

6. appealed to

7. leaving ..behind

8. focus on

EX. 6 Sentence structure

.

even though it is important of the students to have a deep understanding of the

texts, it doesn’t make any sense to read texts word for word from the beginning to the end

as it is a matter of little importance to us, it doesn’t make much sense to argue out which is wrong or right or which is better or worse

it makes no sense to compel children to obey their parents; instead, we should try to tell them what is right and what is wrong.

EX. 7.

II might as well have stayed at home.

We might as well have taken the train home

So he might as well have told me all about it .

Collocation:

Warm-up

essential framework 2. distinctive difference 3 high standards

4 valuable possessions

5 considerable frustration

6 acquire knowledge

7 overcome deficiencies

8 sketch thoughts

9 devise a scheme Ex. 8

1 essential framework

2 proper vocabulary

3 excellent control

4 language deficit

5 high standards

6 language proficiency

7 acquire knowledge

8 competent communication 9 overcome deficiencies 10 sketch

thoughts

11 effective communication 12 advanced vocabulary

Unit 2 Text A

Reading Comprehension

1. because English or history majors are considered less competitive when the job market is shrinking, and they have to study something that can help them more easily locate their future jobs.

2. because as the tuition is climbing higher and higher, many students have run away from studying the humanities and toward “hard”skills that they think will lead to employment.

3. since more students are now taking job-oriented courses, libraries, where students of liberal arts used to study, are getting less popular than before; in contrast, labs are getting more eye-catching because students of science and engineering do experiments and research there.

4. because this inner drive that can be either constructive or destructive is so mysterious and powerful that it has attracted many people to speculate on it. From ancient times, these men and women developed artistic “languages”in the form of story, music, myth, painting, architecture, sculpture, landscape and traditions, which from the very foundation of civilization.

5. Studying the humanities improves your ability to read and write, makes you

familiar with the language of emotion and the creative process, and, more importantly, provides you with a wide scope of possibilities that are open to you.

6. Because in modern life, an ideal capacity for establishing one’s career is to have both technical knowledge and inner insight, not just one without the other.

7. “Well-rounded human beings”are those who have insight and understand the passions, hopes and dreams common to all humanity.

8. Since many people who once studied the humanities became famous in their career, the author implies that if students spend more time studying the humanities, they could surely become successful in the future as well.

Language focus

3

1. promotes

2. accelerate

3. mystery

4. insight

5. boost

6. analysis

7. calculate 8. barriers 9. destruction 10. prospect

4

Promising Bearing Housing Objective

Offend Exclude Excess Execute

Intensify Identity

5

1. excess

2. bearing

3. objective

4. intensify

5. execute

6. promising

7. exclude

8. identity 9 offend 10. housing

6.

1-5 CHDJB 6-10 LMGFA

7

1. are liable to

2. in favor of

3. is bound to

4. speculate about

5. invested…with

6. stand up for

7. in the form of 8. prepared for 9. in the company of 10 in succession

9

幕课是一种网络课程，它旨在通过网络实现广泛参与和开放接入。幕课是远程教育迈出的最新一步，现已在高等教育领域迅速引领潮流。通过这些课程，大学可以扩大影响的范围，从影响成千上万住在城里付学费的学生，扩展到惠及全球上百万的学生。除了拥有传统的课程资料，幕课还给使用者提供互动论坛，支持学生和讲师之间的交流。幕课能促进参与者之间的交流，使得多种观点、知识和技能涌现到课堂上来；它鼓励人们尝试之前不可能尝试的课程，甚至是尝试新的教育方式；它提供多种学习课程资料的方式，鼓励多模式学习，以各种学习风格满足学习者的需求；另外，幕课促进教学的改善，使技术在面对面授课中得以更好地应用。

10

In recent years, with the development of Internet technology, the construction of digital education resources of our country has made great achievements. Many universities have set up their own digital learning platforms, and digital teaching is playing an increasingly important role in education. Compared with the traditional way of teaching, the digital way has a lot of advantages. On one hand, digital teaching makes global sharing of teaching resources possible; on the other hand, it expands the learner’s study time and space to learn, allowing people to get access to the digital virtual schools through the Internet anytime and anywhere. These advantages make it possible for people to shift from one-time learning to lifelong learning.

Unit 2

Section B What college brings us?

Ex 1

1. Main idea: College has never been magical for everyone.

Major detail: More high school graduates don’t fit the pattern of college.

2. Main idea：We need to revise our attitudes and reform the system. Major detail: we only judge things based on our own college experiences.

3. Main idea: College education seems to have wasted time and accumulated debt.

Major detail: Close to 80 percent of new jobs can be performed by someone without a college degree.

Ex.2

1C 2D 3C 4A 5D 6B 7B 8A

Ex.3

1. It’s very true because the job market is becoming more competitive.

Yes, without a college degree, one can end up with nothing to do.

Sure, college brings students knowledge and personal growth.

No, it’s not necessary to get a college degree to have a better career. Disagree, college is too expensive now for students and family to afford.

2. More competitive.

More knowledgeable.

More confident.

More opportunities.

3. Traditional ideology.

More promising future.

High expectations of their children.

4. Worth their money because it’s an investment that will pay off later.

A waste of their money because the tuition is too high.

Not sure if they’ll profit from the large sum they invested.

5. Analytical ability.

Critical thing skills.

Broad knowledge.

Ex.4

1. enroll 2 revise 3accumulate 4 accorded 5 evaluate

6. prime 7 confirm 8 shrinking 9 sufficient 10 recruit

Ex.5

1. bother to

2.is available to

3. been compelled to

4.described…as

4. exposed…to 6.rather than 7 have something to do with

8 for its own sake

Ex.6

1. A teacher, no matter how knowledgeable he is, cannot teach his students everything they want to know.

2. No matter where you travel, you can always find someone to communicate with in English since English is an important language.

3. No matter what work a person is doing, if he gives it his best each day, he creates lots of happiness for himself.

Ex.7

1. Although the number of applications is small, there is little doubt that the program will help the students who really need financial aid.

2. There is no doubt that computer crime is a very serious problem, so people think that all hackers need to be punished for their actions.

3. Though the boy worked very hard and finally successfully passed the exam, there is no doubt that overwork and too much worry caused his illness.

Ex.8

1 promising

2 worsens

3 shrinking

4 dominant

5 land

6 great

7 well-rounded 8 creative 9 elegant 10 constructive 11 skills 12 make

Unit 3 Discovery of a new life stage

Text A

Ex.1

1. Because people in different life stages are confronted with different problems and setbacks and each group of people in a particular time period have their particular worries and pains.

2.The norm refers to the general consensus that as soon as students graduated from college, they would enter adulthood and be able to find an ideal job leading to their career.

3. They are recognized as a new life stage that comes after high school graduation, continues through college and leads to starting a family and having a career.

4. Because nowadays so many young people are following this new lifestyle that it has become a trend. As long as the economic situation continues its long slide, this new stage is unavoidable.

5. Unlike their parents, a large number of young people are now delaying marriage, child bearing, and even employment during their odyssey years.

6. They often resent the pressure they’re feeling and keep a distance from their parents or even run away from home. Many also resort to computer games, iPods, iPhones, or iPads.

7. Their parents feel more anxious and upset seeing their children’s odyssey years continue to stretch without a clear direction.

8. The author thinks as people are getting to know the odyssey years better, both parents and their children can tackle this phase better. For parents, they can understand their children more; for children, they can explore and discover themselves with a positive attitude.

Ex.3

1. peculiar

2. radical

3. phase

4. sensible

5. predict

6. labeled

7. resent

8. witnessed

9. equivalent 10. parallels

Ex.4

-ic

Chaotic dramatic academy

-ion

Depression detection erosion

Classification confuse cooperate dictate

-ist

Rightist journal

Ex.5

1. journal

2. chaotic

3. cooperate

4. erosion

5. dramatic

6. confuse

7. academy 8. rightists 9. depression 10. dictate 11. detection 12. classification

Ex. 6

K E A C L I G N H O

Ex.7

1. saddled with

2. back off

3. gives way to

4. resorted to

5. make allowances for

6. wonder at

7. prior to

8. based upon/on

Ex.8

The odyssey years are certainly a very complicated phase of life for young people. Not only do these young people need to overcome many difficulties, they also have to face many challenges from their parents. The differences between parents and children can be well observed in their completely different attitudes and views. First, they differ in their attitude toward life. Parents always wonder what has gone

wrong with the new generation. They feel that during their time, young boys and girls were better behaved, more obedient and had greater respect for elders. Young people, on the other hand, feel that they are capable enough to learn on their own rather than lean heavily on the older generation for guidance. Young people do not like to be spoon-fed by their parents.

The differences also appear in the way the two generations look at things. For example, the parents’generation never understood Elvis and the Beatles. Because they couldn’t understand what was going on, they were frequently opposed to them and saw rock as “the devil’s music”. Young people, however, are crazy about the modern music and would love to listen to it for a hundred times a day. Wherever they go, they’ll have their iPod with them.

In conclusion, it’s very difficult for parents and their youngsters to get along due to their distinctive attitudes and the way they view things. To fill this gap, both parents and their grown children need to be more understanding to each other.

Ex.9

作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部分，“个人主义”受到大多数美国人的推崇。美国人认为家庭作为一个群体，其主要目的是促进家庭各成员的幸福。与许多其他文化相比，美国家庭成员的主要职责，不是在社会上或经济上提高整个家庭的地位。人们通常认为，什么是对个人最好的要比什么是对家庭最好的更为重要。与自由相伴而来的是照顾自己的责任，因为所选择的自由承载了责任，即必须接受自己的选择所带来的后果。许多美国人给他们的孩子很多的自由，因为他们希望孩子们能够独立和自力更生。在美国人强调个人自由的同时，

父母与孩子间平等的信念也对美国家庭产生了巨大的影响。

Ex. 10

Filial piety is the basic code of ethics in the ancient Chinese society. Chinese people consider filial piety as the essence of a person’s integrity, family harmony, and the nation’s well-being. With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it has been the moral standard for the Chinese society to maintain the family relationship for thousands of years. It’s undoubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue. The culture of filial piety is a complex concept, rich in content and wide in range. It concludes not only cultural ideas but also institutional etiquettes. Generally speaking, it refers to the obligation of children to their parents required by the society, including respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth. Filial piety is fundamental to the ancient “Oriental civilization”.

Keys to Unit 3 Text B

Understanding the text 2

1. A

2. C

3. D

4. A

5. B

6. D

7. D

8. C

Words in use 4

1. hollow

2. restless

3. demonstrate

4. exiled

5. miserable

6. commercial

7. hesitated

8. erupt

9. refine 10. Feasible

Expression in use 5

1. are tired of 2 fall into 3 be strict with 4 not amount to much

5 drifted off

6 bonded with

7 resign himself to

8 surrender themselves to

Sentence structure 6

1. The man walked slowly, with one hand pulling with effort at his coat and the other holding tightly on to his trousers.

2. With more and more students joining it, the new club soon expanded and became the largest one on the campus.

3. With the Internet becoming increasingly popular for young people to connect with their friends, letter writing is becoming less and less common.

7

1. With the traditional values in their heads, most parents found it hard to accept their children’s thinking.

2. With this kind of jeans out of fashion, young people do not like to wear them any more now.

3. With the differences in their skills and abilities, the young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds..

Collocation 8

1 fluid

2 contemporary

3 radical

4 enormous

5 prideful

6 competitive

7 rebellious 8 transition 9 unavoidable 10 traditional 11 unique 12 peculiar

Keys to Unit 3 Text B

Understanding the text 2

1. A

2. C

3. D

4. A

5. B

6. D

7. D

8. C

Words in use 4

1. hollow

2. restless

3. demonstrate

4. exiled

5. miserable

6. commercial

7. hesitated

8. erupt

9. refine 10. Feasible

Expression in use 5

1. are tired of 2 fall into 3 be strict with 4 not amount to much

5 drifted off

6 bonded with

7 resign himself to

8 surrender themselves to

Sentence structure 6

1. The man walked slowly, with one hand pulling with effort at his coat and the other holding tightly on to his trousers.

2. With more and more students joining it, the new club soon expanded and became the largest one on the campus.

3. With the Internet becoming increasingly popular for young people to connect

with their friends, letter writing is becoming less and less common.

7

1. With the traditional values in their heads, most parents found it hard to accept their children’s thinking.

2. With this kind of jeans out of fashion, young people do not like to wear them any more now.

3. With the differences in their skills and abilities, the young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds..

Collocation 8

1 fluid

2 contemporary

3 radical

4 enormous

5 prideful

6 competitive

7 rebellious 8 transition 9 unavoidable 10 traditional 11 unique 12 peculiar

Unit 4

Text A

Ex. 1

1. The author uses this sentence to tell her own love story. She didn’t expect that she would end up marrying Butch. He became her boyfriend just because of her wish to find a cute boyfriend. She didn’t really want to marry him at the beginning.

大学英语六级选词填空应试技巧

大学英语四级阅读：选词填空技巧汇总 选词填空的考察形式 一篇280词左右的文章，文章中挖出10个空，并统一给出A-O 15个备选答案。选词填空区别于完形填空，有更大的解题难度，原因在于： 1. 完形填空每题都是四选一，选词填空第一题要十五选一，就算用到排除法，最后一题也要六选一，而且在十五个选项中还有五个根本不会用到，难度加大； 2. 完形填空每题的四个选项都是统一的词性，只需要辨析词义、搭配就基本可以作答，而选词填空的十五个选项有多个词性，解题时需要同时判断词性和词义，难度加大； 3. 完形填空每题的四个选项往往都是统一时态，统一形式，而在选词填空中会涉及选项的动词时态、第三人称单数形式、被动主动语态，名词的单复数等的辨析，难度加大。 针对选词填空的解题方法分为三步 1. 预览选项，了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性：名词n，动词v，形容词a，副词ad，在每个选项后作词性的简要标记； 2. 精读全文开头，把握文章主题，并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位，利用前后文判 断每空的词性； 3. 把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文，含义通顺，时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。 四级考试的常用后缀在判断选项词性时可以有一定帮助作用。在根据前后文判断每空的词性时，一些经常考察的形式如下： 名词：通常来说，冠词(如a，an，the)、形容词、介词后面搭配名词，即"a/an/the/adj./prep. + n。"， 举例说明：Education soon became a _____. 冠词a后面加可数名词的单数形式，正确答案是nightmare，这句话的意思是"教育很快成了一种噩梦。" As the trade winds lessen in _____, the ocean temperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 degrees. (06-6) 介词in后面加名词，正确答案是strength，这句话的意思是"当信风强度减弱的时候，海洋温度上升，导致从东部流入的秘鲁洋流上升了5摄氏度之多。"较难的一个例子：Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a ____ that has changed the target market for many products. (06-12) 这里可以用两种判断方法来判断横线处所填词的词性。第一种方法，用句子结构来判断，前面一句话，husbands and children now do some of these jobs，这是一个完整的句子，主语husbands and children，谓语动词do，宾语some of these jobs；后面的that 引导的是一个同位语从句，它所修饰的中心词就是a后面需要填的词，而定语从句的中心词是名词，所以横线处应填一个名词。第二种方法，根据刚才所说的"a + 名词"的语法规则来判断，横线处应该填一个名词，而且是一个可数名词的单数形式。正确答案是situation。这句话的意思是"丈夫和孩子现在也做一些这样的工作了，这种情况就改变了许多产品的目标市场。" 动词：动词的考点很多，我们来看其中三种： 1. 主语后缺谓语动词。举例说明：He ____ from his teachers, came home in tears and thought about dropping out. 在这句话里，主语是he，本来后面应该有一个动词作谓语，但是这里没有动词，而是在横线后面出现了一个介词短语from his teachers，这样这句话就缺少谓语动词，所以横线上应该填一个动词。正确答案是hid，这句话的意思是"他不愿见老师，

新视野读写教程第一册课后答案

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